f
leprosy for the reason that this desease is of rare occurrence m
England.
Dr. Pushpendra Bhatta sent to me a patient suffering. from
leprosy. The patient Shri Kanajibhai Mohanlal age.d 32 IS ~n
inhabitant of Ahmedabad. He informed me about h1s trouble 1n
details. A skin expert had taken him for a patient of ~egenerative
leprosy and treated him as such for a long time but faded to cure
him. His hands and fingers now bore the wounds and he always f~lt
a piercing and burning sensation in his fingers. He was unable to hft 146 : AUTO.URINE THERAPY
anything with his hands. I noticed that the nerves of his hands were
strained and had contracted. He informed that he had already begun
with rubbing urine on his hands for a week and felt considerable
relief from the burning and piercing sensation. I advised him to
continue rubbing regularly and also start drinking urine next day and
to fast on urine and water after a couple of days.
Next week, he reported an improvement in his condition. He
fasted for three days and came to me again after a period of three
months. H~ was extremely happy. Here is his short accout :
"Before the treatment; I was unable to move my hands up and
down but it is possible to do so now. Moreover J was unable to do
work with them but now it is possible to do so. On the whole, I have
been considerably benefited by urine treatment and the wounds of
leprosy on hands and feet have disappeared. The piercing sensation
in the fingers has also vanished."
7. Psoriasis : Psoriasis is though to be an incurable malady. Shri
Popatlal G. Lakhani, a resident of Porbandar (Saurashtra), practised
as a solicitor in Bombay for about 25 years. Now he has retired from
practice and lives at Probandar. For the past 25 years, he was
afflicted with psoriasis and at last was relieved of his trouble by
urine treatment. Here is a summary of his account:
"Nearly 25 years.ago, I was attacked by Psoriasis. This disease
has a slow growth. Appearance qf a blister on the skin marks the
onset of the disease. Thrs bliseter resembles that caused in the case
of burning or stinging, but differs from others in the fact that it does
not contain any fluid. The skin of this blister often comes off and
gets renewed. Thus gradually the blister grows. My skin appeared to
be whithering and I felt severe itching sensation which compelled
me to scratch constantly. By· scratching, silvery powder-Hke
substapce came out of the spot of infection. I got myself examined
by skin specialist, and came to know for the first time that I suffered
from psoriasis. He gave me a prescription for injections and
·medicines. Though its further growth could be checked but SKIN DISEASES : 147
. im ssible to cure it. Later as the
according to the ~actor.It was edi:es in allopathy, homoeopathy,
disease spread, I tne~ vanoushm ractitioners of different systems but
Ayurved, etc. as advised by t e P 1 used to besmear
failed to have any relief. For the past m~ny years,d h k'n I had to
.. h. -f t d portion and It softene t e s I.
coconut oil o~ t e In ec e d 'f I ever failed in that, inevitably I
do so three times a day anl.d I It in tearing of the skin of the
invited more trouble. It wou resu
finger-joints and there was oozing of blood..
d Your book Manav " eanwhile I by chance happene to see
Mu~. I read it in couple of days and started urine treatment.
d urine in a bottle for massage. "Since june 12, 1960, I store my filed I began
bo I f 1 lb capacity each were I'
As soon as three. tt es 0 · 6_6_60 Next morning, my skin
with rubbing entire body ond 1 d -~ surprised me. The dead
. d to be soft and ten er an I. h bod appeare.. d felt still more softness on t e y
cuticles on the skm had clear~o~l ht of drinking urine; first I rubbed
w~en I took a bath.!hen 118~6-6~ I drank urine for the first time and
unne on my teet~ an on If D Dattani for an examination. He
next day 1 subm1tted myse to r.
was extremely glad to note the improvement... bb'
h. d I continued dnnkmg and ru mg "Since june 16th up tot 15 ay · h · I labour for. b Iff m top to toe do some p yslca
urine. Dally I ru myse rob h The dead· cuticles having entirely
an hour and then take a at. h lthy I do not recall any itching
gone, ~y skftin appea~~~~ ~h:~: g~tarid ~f psoriasis completely and
sensation a er June ·. ·. d M body is active and my
my constipation has also been ehmmate. y
appetite is good...
I bo t my successful expenement.
"I keep informing many peop e a u tl benefited"
Man of my friends have adopted it and are consequen y...
Y f 1 • e treatment mA1ve
Shri Lakhani has described ~cess u un~he patient was the
cases one of which wads ofMbl.. -p~~~yss~~~ he also got rid of his
health officer in Porban ar ume~pa
irritation in the soles. 148 : AUTO-URINE THERAPY
AFTERMATH OF CASES
1. Shri Nandalal P. Solanki aged 35 is a tailor residing at
Kumbharvada, Bombay 17. He was suffering from eczema for the
last 20 years. He could get no benefit frqm the treatment of various
skin specialists and even from hospital I!Jieatment. He started urine
treatment on 28-5-67 and continued it for three months. He used to
drink four to six ounces of auto-urine daily and massaged with warm
and old urine for three monthsi the massage was twice a day. On
the spot of the disease he used to put urine-soaked cotton. He fasted
for eight days and during this time he had cold, loos motions and
thereby toxins were removed. The disease was completely cured.
2. Shri Bhagavandas N. Dhimar, D.M.E., lecturer at Polytechnic
Sch~l, Bulsar and residing at Dhimar Housing Society at Bilimora,
had p1o-derma for the last eight years. He used to have boils all over
the body and they were sometimes full of pus. He was not cured by
doctors and even hospitals. He started urine treatment in August
1967 and continued it for two months. He used do drink two ounces
of auto-urine twice a day. He massaged his whole body for half an
hour twice a day for two months. He used to put urine-soaked pads
on the boils. He had fasted for eight days in the beginning. He was
completely cured.
3. Shri Kalyanjibhai Mehta, -the first Speaker of Gujarat State
Assembly, had skin infection. He had itching sensation on the leg
and then there was burning and blood began to ooze. He tried
various medicines for a month but to no avail and was much
harassed by the disease. He applied urine-soaked pads on the spot
for three nights ~nd was completely cured..
4. S~rimati Chanchalben P. Patel (Rajbhavan, Malad, Bombay)
used unne for her eczema for 25 days, three times a day. She did
not drink it but only by application she was completely cured and it
never recurred since then.
5. ~hri R. N. Patel, Nairobi (Africa), had a small eruption on
leg-joint and it slowly turned into skin-disease on the whole body. SKIN DISEASES : 149
There was itching sensation all over the body and there was oozing
of watery substance at some places. Doctors could not cure the
disease even though he spent thousands of rupees. He undertook
urine treatment and was completely cured even though he did not
observe all the rules of the treatment. Thereafter he became a
propagator of urine therapy and cured his wife•s diabetes and his
friend•s burning sensation at the time of urination by urine treatment.
His brother•s diabetes, and sinus were completely removed by this
treatment.
6. Shri Hans came to know from Kaviraj Ramaswarup an instance
of successful cure of a fisherman from leprosy


able,
though the treatment  takes longer.
Rheumatic  fever followed  by influenza.  Female patient, 16 stone,
though not a big eater,  having lost two stone before I visited  her.
Heavily constipated,  suffering from  insomnia and  worry. Bedfast with
swollen  hips, feet, ankles and  abdomen.  Fasted  a week on urine and
plain water,  was  well  rubbed  every day according  to my usual method.
Complete  cure  in a month, and back at her occupation.
Pyorrhoea. Patient was in the habit  of visiting his dentist  every six
months. Dentist  informed  him that  he was suffering from pyorrhoea.
Having heard of urinetherapy,  without telling his dentist, he took half  a 84
 pint  of his urine every morning and also urine as a mouth‐ wash. In nine
weeks his trouble had completely  disappeared,  much to the surprise. of
his dentist, who wished to know  what had  caused such a marked
improvement  in his general health as to cure  pyorrhoea.  This cure  was
effected even without  a fast. (Case reported by a friend).
The notion  that pyorrhoea  is a local  disease for which  one must  have all
the teeth extracted  is a fallacy.  There  is no such thing as a local  disease;
there  are only localised  symptoms.  Cleanse the body of its impurities  by
a fast on urine and plain water,  and pyorrhoea  vanishes automatically.  I
have observed  this  in numerous  cases ‐in fact, in all cases I have ever
treated. As for myself, I never require to visit a dentist; a well‐ balanced
diet and urine‐therapy  have preserved  my teeth.
Obesity. Married lady, aged 30, weighed 12 stone Lived on the usual ill6
lbs. Had  no children, balanced diet, but was not a glutton, masticated
her food, and drank only water,  after or between meals.  Previously  she
had  tried  various diets without  effect, and  had  tried fasting on plain
water only, but with the result that as soon  as she resumed eating she
put  on weight even more rapidly than prior  to the fast. Finally, she
consulted  me. I advised a urine plus  plain water fast with daily rubbings,
and  at the end of 14 days her weight dropped  to 10 stone.  I then
revised her diet, put her on to a wellbalanced  regime,  and  suggested
two meals a day only.  By dint  of living in this way and  taking her own
urine daily, her weight has remained  about 10 stone, and  although she
is now past 50, she looks  about 33.
With many people obesity does not arise from  overi ndulgence  at the
table, but from badly functioning  glands caused by toxins and  a 85
 deficiency  of the required elements  which  should be derived from non‐
processed  foods. The fast  cleanses the blood  tissues, and  the intake of
urine brings back normality  to the disordered  glands. I have
conclusively  proved this by the large  number  of cases of obesity I have
treated, or where obesity has been present among other symptoms.
Prostate Troubles. Enlargement  of the prostate is a term referring to an
affliction often  to be met with in elderly  men.  "The most  prominent
symptom  is an irritability  of the bladder and  a pro ressive incapacity  to
empty it. The prostate gland  undergoes  a considerable  increase in size,
and by pressing on the neck of the bladder forms an obstruction  to the
outflow of urine from that  organ..." (See  E. H. Ruddock,  M.D.  Vade
Mecum.)
Case of prostate trouble in its incipient  stage. Old gentleman  began to
have difficulty in voiding his urine. Was advised by a friend to try taking
half a pint of his own water every morning on rising; this to be followed
at the usual time by a light breakfast  instead of the customary  full meal.
Result: in one month  after starting the treatment  he was rid of his
trouble.
Bronchial  Asthma. Miss C. Doctor had  diagnosed  the case  as bronchial
catarrh; the victim  said to be in the early  stages of T.B.  General health
very poor.  Breathing  difficult. Victim had  to resort to palliatives  to
obtain ease and  short  periods of much needed sleep. Felt  very weak
and debilitated.  Heard of urine‐therapy. Fasted  for a fortnight  on urine,
but  without the rubbings.  In three  days the improvement  was so
marked *hat she was able to breathe freely  and  sleep each nignt  for
several hours  on end.  Broke fast, took two  meals a day only, and 86
 continued  the intake of urine. But the fast had  not been sufficiently
long to eradicate  the trouble and  her symptoms  returned.  She then
wrote  to me for advice. I told her that she had  not broken the fast
correctly,  advised  further  fasts  to be attended with the rubbings,  and
gave her a diet to be followed between the fasts. The final result was a
complete  cure,  and  the patient has remained  in excellent health. She
continues  ' to take her own urine daily, and from time to time resorts to
short  fasts, with the result that she feels better than she has ever done.
Case of gangrene  and after‐effects of drug


ciency is its ability to create an absorbing surface.
The simplest enterosorbents, such as activated
charcoal (Carbolen), create an absorbing surface
of 200 -300 square meters per 1 gram of sorbent.
Copyright © Vera Giovanna Bani 2019 www.dryfasting.infoThis Ebook was purchased by Gilberto Franchi email: gilbertofranchi@hotmail.frThere are more powerful granulated charcoal -
based enterosorbents and coal -fiber materials
(Vaulen, Aktilen, ‘Dnepr’). They have the power
of a 1000 (!) and more square meters per gram.
If you’re going to use ordinary activated char-
coal, then the daily dos age should be about 5 -7
grams. However, to achieve the greatest effect,
plant- based enterosorbents can be taken in dos-
ages 2 -3 times higher than indicated. The treat-
ment can be carried out over the course of a
month.  It is crucial to know that enterosorbe nts
are taken on an empty stomach (you may take
them 30 -60 minutes before meals). We recom-
mend you to dissolve a portion of the product in
water (or wash it down with water) in an amount
of 100 -200 grams. It’s good to increase the total
Copyright © Vera Giovanna Bani 2019 www.dryfasting.infoThis Ebook was purchased by Gilberto Franchi email: gilbertofranchi@hotmail.framount of liquid ta ken during the day during
the enterosorption course.
Enterosorbents used nowadays can be com-
bined into several groups:
• Carbon adsorbents based on activated
charcoal (Carbolen, Carboktin, Gastro-
sorb), granulated charcoal and coal -fiber
materials (Vaulen, Aktilen, ‘Dnepr’);
• Ion- exchange materials or resins (Cayex-
ilit, Cholisteramin);
• Lignin- based enterosorbents (Polyphepa-
num, Lignosorb);
• Polyvinylpyrrolidone derivatives
(Enterodesum, Enterosorbum);
• Others (Argil, aluminium hydroxide, Al-
magel, Gastal, Sucralfa tum, silica gels, ze-
olites);
Copyright © Vera Giovanna Bani 2019 www.dryfasting.infoThis Ebook was purchased by Gilberto Franchi email: gilbertofranchi@hotmail.fr• Natural dietary fibers (cereal bran, cellu-
lose, aliginates (detoxal), pectins (P oly-
sorbovit 50, Polysorbovit 95, Hitozan).
We use POLYSORB MP in our practice. It is
inorganic, non -selective, multifunctional intes-
tinal sorbent  (enterosorbent) composed of  finely
dispersed SiO2.

9.2. Methods of use of enterosorbents
Enterosorption may be carried out in different
ways.  There are three main methods of use of
enterosorbents:
1. single intake of a full dose of an enter-
osorbent;
2. a treatment course of an enterosorbent (7 -10
days);
Copyright © Vera Giovanna Bani 2019 www.dryfasting.infoThis Ebook was purchased by Gilberto Franchi email: gilbertofranchi@hotmail.fr3. intestinal sorbent cleansing (2 -3 days);
Depending on your well -being, mood and
wishes, you can use different methods of enter-
osorption and different  enterosorbents. Every
person chooses the method of detoxification
that they think is the most effective and accepta-
ble. For example, one -time intakes outside the
house; sorbent cleansing of the large intestine as
a part of a health resort treatment; or diffe rent
season -specific methods, etc.
Moreover, it’s possible to combine various
methods of enterosorption. For example, you
can carry out a sorbent intake course and end it
with intestinal sorbent cleansing, and combine
sorbent cleansing of the large intesti ne with oral
sorbent intake.
Copyright © Vera Giovanna Bani 2019 www.dryfasting.infoThis Ebook was purchased by Gilberto Franchi email: gilbertofranchi@hotmail.frIn our opinion, the best way to make your or-
ganism healthier is simultaneous or consecutive
combination of different methods of influencing
the organs and systems of the body. It’s expedi-
ent to use various methods of herbal tre atment,
psychotherapy, exercise therapy, fasting, etc.
during and before enterosorption. Not only
aren’t such combinations contraindicated, in
fact, they strengthen the health benefits of enter-
osorption.

Single intake of a full dose of an enter-
osorbent
This method is used when there’s an increased
load on the detoxifying organs of the human
body. It helps the organism deal with the types
of poisoning that most frequently occur in
Copyright © Vera Giovanna Bani 2019 www.dryfasting.infoThis Ebook was purchased by Gilberto Franchi email: gilbertofranchi@hotmail.freveryday life. Such everyday situations can be
the bodily condition after drinking alcohol, food
poisonings and their prophylaxis, light diarrhea,
working with toxic substances (paints and lac-
quers, glass cleaners, inhaling fumes of combus-
tibles and lubricants, etc.). A single intake is car-
ried out in the following manner.
Stir 8  tbsp. of sorbent  in 1 glass of water or use
2 tbsp. 4 times a day every 3 hours. Drink this
solution. It’s best to take the sorbent on an
empty stomach.
Of course, this method doesn’t provide a steady
and deep detoxifying effect on the organism, as
no sig nificant reorganization of the work of the
digestive tract structures and the detoxifying
systems is possible in such a short period of time.
The main aim of a single intake of a sorbent is
Copyright © Vera Giovanna Bani 2019 www.dryfasting.infoThis Ebook was purchased by Gilberto Franchi email: gilbertofranchi@hotmail.frthe resolution of relatively simple everyday
tasks. In this way, we help the organism to get rid
of toxic substances faster and more effectively.
Depending on whether or not the desired result
was achieved, you can repeat the intake 2 -3
times.
You can use this method on an as -needed basis.

 Course intake of an enterosor bent
In this case, the intake course of an enter-
osorbent is as follows. Take 1 tbsp. of an enter-
osorbent for 7- 10 days 3 times a day.

9.3. Intestinal sorbent cleansing procedure

Preparation for the cleansing (with salt solution)
Copyright © Vera Giovanna Bani 2019 www.dryfasting.infoThis Ebook was purchased by Gilberto Franchi email: gilbertofranchi@hotmail.frYou have to begin taking a sorbent in a daily
dosage (3 tablespoons during the day between
meals) 24 hours before the procedure day. On
the next day, take 3 more tablespoons in an arbi-
trary manner on an empty stomach, but manda-
torily prior to any fluid intake. A crucial con di-
tion for a successful intestinal sorbent cleansing
is prior fasting for a period of 8 -10 hours (you
can fast for longer — up to 20 hours, but no less
than 8 hours). Failure to observe this condition
abruptly changes the course of physiological
processes in the gastrointestinal tract.
When you eat, the mechanisms of intestinal ab-
sorption are immediately activated by the body.
They will be active until the organism fully as-
similates the digested food. And if the absorp-
tion mechanisms are active, and some
Copyright © Vera Giovanna Bani 2019 www.dryfasting.infoThis Ebook was purchased by Gilberto Franchi email: gilbertofranchi@hotmail.frsubstances get into the stomach and intestines,
the organism will start to assimilate them imme-
diately. Consequently, you won’t be able to hold
the salt solution in. Moreover, the presence of
incompletely digested nutrients in the intestinal
contents will hinder the gastrointestinal tract ac-
tivity: the cleansing solution won’t gradually
move along the intestines, but will linger in cer-
tain segments. If the fluid and the sorbent aren’t
moving along the intestines, while the mecha-
nisms of intestinal absorption are activated, in
all likelihood, the organism will begin absorbing
the solution.
It’s necessary to understand that even a small
amount of sweetened tea is a contraindication
for starting intestinal sorbent cleansing, because
when sugar breaks up, it produ ces glucose, and
Copyright © Vera Giovanna Bani 2019 www.dryfasting.infoThis Ebook was purchased by Gilberto Franchi email: gilbertofranchi@hotmail.frglucose abruptly increases the intensity of


 the number of calories
consumed, not the choice of food or caloronutrient ratio. She went on to assert t hat fruit is like magic food for athletes. The
International Olympic Committee, in its book Food, Nutrition and Sports Performance,  concluded that a diet based on fruits and
vegetables was the healthiest for athletes and would result in the  best possible performance. 57

The Role of Fats
Fats serve a wide variety of functions in our diet and in the human body. It  is wrong to think of fats as being all bad. Fats are a
concentrated source of fuel, providing more than double the calories per gra m of either carbohydrates or proteins. They play an as-
yet not totally understood role in satiation, possibly because they are so dif ficult to digest. The fat in foods serves as the sole
carrier/source of our fat-soluble vitamins. Dietary fat is also the  source of the widely misunderstood nutrients known as essential fatty
acids.
Fat plays many important roles in regulation of various bodily functions. It is essential to our production of hormones, although
too much fat will exert an adverse influence on our hormones. It also hel ps to regulate the uptake of nutrients and excretion of waste
products by every cell. Fat is the primary insulator within the body. It prot ects us against cold and heat, keeps the electricity that
flows through our nerves on course, and protects our vital organs from jarr ing and other types of physical shock.

Types of Fat
Fat is fat, or so a great many people think. Actually, there are many type s of fat. Some are considered good; others are
considered bad, and still others are a mixed bag. Some fats are solid at room tempe rature; others are liquid. Many fats are
indigestible and unusable by the body, while some are indispensable. There a re overt fats and covert fats, short-, medium-, and
long-chain fats, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fa ts. There are cooked fats and raw fats—and yes, there is a
difference. There is also a big difference between animal-derived fa ts and plant-based fats, at least where our health is concerned.
Yet with all the dietary fats available on the planet, a man walking i n the jungle with nothing more than his bare hands would
have a very difficult time putting his lips to any but a minimal amoun t of fat, and then only if he hit the season exactly right. Animals
that are built similarly to man eat a diet that is very low in fat. T hey rely upon fruits and vegetables for their calories, not fats. Let ’s
look at fat in a little more detail.
Fatty acids comprise the basic structural unit of all “lipids” ( a term comprising oily, water-insoluble substances that include  fats,
oils, waxes, sterols, and triglycerides). You can think of fatty acids as  the building blocks of fat. They are found, on their own, in all
whole foods. When fatty acids are joined to the other more complex lipid struct ures, the fatty acids are responsible for the
properties demonstrated by that lipid.

Overt and Covert Fats
Overt fats are the fats that you can see, or at least tell, are in our f oods. Since our taste buds cannot distinguish fat, we only detect it
by the greasy feeling on our hands or lips. To us, fat is tasteless. If a food is  fatty, oftentimes people have to be told. Many people
are surprised to find out the actual fat content of the foods they eat.

Typical Fat Content of Selected Foods
(percentage of calories)

Nuts and seeds: 60 to 90% fat
Wieners and sausages: 70 to 85% fat
Beef ribs: 65 to 80% fat
Hamburger patty: 55 to 65% fat
Chicken with skin, roasted: 36 to 63% fat
French fries: 45% fat
Chocolate chip cookies: 45% fat
Apple pie: 40% fat
Swordfish, grilled: 30% fat
Baked potato with ¼ cup of reduced-fat sour cream: 20% fat
Chicken breast, broiled skinless: 20% fat

Flesh, including fish, fowl, and game, as well as eggs and dairy, nuts and s eeds, olives, avocados, and all oils make up the bulk of the overtly fatty foods. Deep-fried foods of all kinds are extremely fatty  and also count as overt fats. Many desserts are also
overtly fatty, such as cheesecake, ice cream, pastries, and nutty can dies. Yet all of these foods account for less than half of the fat
consumed in the typical American diet.
The remainder is often referred to as “invisible” fat. W e will call  it “covert.” Covert fats are more hidden. V egetables, sweet
fruits, and nonsweet fruits like tomatoes and cucumbers contain enough  fat that should you eat them exclusively (in quantities
sufficient to meet your caloric needs) and consume no overt fats whats oever, you will average between 3 and 5% of your total
calories from fat.
Eating primarily low-fat fruits and vegetables—accompanied by a very small amount of nuts, seeds, and fatty fruits such that
total fat does not exceed 10% of calories—provides sufficient fat to cover al l of our nutritional needs.

Solid and Liquid Fats
We readily identify fat when we see it congealed on the top of soup that has  cooled. We have no problem recognizing a stick of
butter, or that white stuff around the edges of our steak, as fat. But many pe ople find it difficult to conceive of liquids as fat.
All oils are fats, but all fats are not oils. What is the difference? Oi ls are fats that tend to be liquid at room temperature. Both
solid and liquid fats function nutritionally as fat. Both oils and fats ex ist within walnuts and avocados. Whereas you can feel the liquid
oil in a pine nut, you cannot separate the oil from the lettuce; they are  one. The 80/10/10  diet does not recommend the consumption
of refined oils, those separated (extracted) from foods; rather, we recomme nd eating foods with oils in them, especially over foods
with solid fats in them.

How Can 2% Milk Be 35% Fat?
Y ou may have heard someone say that “2% milk” is anything but low fat. M ost of us who have not taken the time to learn the
nuances of interpreting food labels find this quite paradoxical. How can it  be?
The answer lies in the distinction between percentage by weight ve rsus percentage by calories. The following macronutrient
calculation example demonstrates this distinction and shows just how  misleading food marketing can be.

100 grams of whole milk contain 60 calories.
Its weight (100 grams) is distributed as follows:
88.3 grams of water
0.7 grams of ash (solid residue)
4.5 grams of carbohydrates ( 4 calories per gram = 18 carb calories)
3.2 grams of protein ( 4 calories per gram = 13 protein calories)
3.3 grams of fat ( 9 calories per gram = 30 fat calories)
100       grams total

As you can see, 88% of the milk’s weight (the water) provides no calories. Among the remainder, 3.3 grams out of the 100
grams are fat, which is why the milk label shows “3.25% milk fat.”
However, protein, fat, and carbohydrates do not all contain similar energy v alue; fat packs more than twice the calories of an
equivalent amount of carbohydrates or protein. In rough numbers, each of the  3.3 grams of fat contain approximately 9 calories,
while the 3.2 grams of protein and 4.5 grams of carbohydrates contain about 4 calori es each.
Thus, in terms of calories, 30 of the 60 calories in whole milk come from fat, a fa ct the dairy industry is very happy to obscure.
The table below summarizes the fat content of the common fluid milk product s:

Interestingly, the “nonfat” milk contains the 2% fat that the dairy  industry would like you to think is in its “2%” product!
The idea that all fats derived from animals are solid while all those f ound in plants are liquid is inaccurate, although this is true in
the majority of cases. The primary exceptions are liquid fish oils in th e animal kingdom and solid coconut oil in the plant world.

Essential and Nonessential Fats
Essential fatty acids 58  (also referred to as EFAs) are so named because they cannot be synthesi zed; we must consume them in our
foods. They play an integral role in the health of our skin, in growth and deve lopment, the stability of our heartbeat, and the clotting
and flowing of our blood. Too much, too little, or the wrong ratio of these vital nutr ients can wreak havoc on our health.
Currently, two fatty acids are thought to be essential: alpha-linole nic acid (ALA), and linoleic acid (LA), omega-3 and omega-
6, respectively. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are commonly understood as  synonyms of the term “


 thirties should also take
nutritional supplements even though young people usually feel so good that theyfind it impossible to conceive that anything could harm them or that they evercould become seriously sick or actually die. I know this is true because Iremember my own youth and besides, why else would young people so glibly ridemotorcycles or, after only a few months of brainwashing, charge up a hill into thebarrel of a machine gun. Or have unsafe sex in this age of multiple venerealdiseases. Until they get a little sense, vitamin supplements help to counteract theirinevitable and unpreventable use of recreational foods. Vitamins are the cheapestlong life and health insurance plan now available. Parents are generally verysurprised at the thought that even their children need nutritional supplements; very
few healthy children receive them. A few are given extra vitamin C when acutely
ill, when they have colds or communicable diseases such as chicken pox.
Young people require a low dose supplement compared to those of us middle-
aged or older, but it should be a broad formula with the full range of vitamins andminerals. Some of the best products I have found over 25 years of research andexperimentation with young people are Douglas Cooper’s “Basic Formula” (lowdose and excellent for children) and “Super T Formula” (double the dose of BasicFormula, therefore better for adolescents and young adults), also from DouglasCooper Company; Bronson’s “Vitamin and Mineral Formula for Active Men andWomen” and Bronson’s “Insurance Formula.” “Vitamin 75 Plus;” and “Formula2” from Now Natural Foods are also good and less costly.
Healthy very small children who will swallow pills can take these same
products at half the recommended dose. If they won’t swallow pills the pills canbe blended into a fruit smoothie or finely crushed and then stirred into applesauce. There are also “Children’s Chewable Multi-Vitamins + Iron” (1-5 yearsold) from Douglas Cooper that contains no minerals except iron, Bronson’s“Chewable Vitamins” (make sure it is the one for small children, Bronson makesseveral types of chewables) and a liquid vitamin product from Bronson calledMultivitamin Drops for Infants. These will be a little more costly than cutting pillsin half.
There is also an extraordinarily high quality multivitamin/mineral formula for
children called “Children’s Formula Life Extension Mix” from Prolongevity, Ltd.(the Life Extension Foundation), it is in tablet form, and slightly more expensive.
I hope that my book will be around for several generations. The businesses
whose vitamin products I recommend will not likely exist in twenty years. Evensooner than that the product names and details of the formulations will almostcertainly be altered. So, for future readers discovering this book in a library ordusty shelve of a used book store, if I, at my current level of understanding, weremanufacturing a childrens and young adults vitamin formula myself, this is what it
would contain. Any commercial formulation within 25 percent of these figures plus
or minus would probably be fine as long as the vitamins in the pills were of highquality.
Vitamin C 500 mg B
1 30 mg
Vitamin E 50 iu B 2 30 mg
Vitamin A 500 iu B 3 niacinamide 100 mg
Vitamin D 25 iu B 5 50 mg
Magnesium 100 mg B 6 30 mg
Calcium 400 mg B 12 30 mcg
Selenium 10 mcg Chromium 20 mcgManganese 2 mcg Biotin 30 mg
Zinc 5 mg Iodine (as kelp) 5 mg
PABA 20 mg Bioflavinoids 100 mg
Vitamins For An Older Healthy Person
Someone who is beyond 35 to 40 years of age should still feel good almost all
of the time. That is how life should be. But enjoying well-being does not mean thatno dietary supplementation is called for. The onset of middle age is theappropriate time to begin working on continuing to feel well for as long aspossible. Just like a car, if you take very good care of it from the beginning, it islikely to run smoothly for many years into the future. If on the other hand youdrive it hard and fast with a lot of deferred maintenance you will probably have totrade it in on a new one after a very few years. Most people in their 70s and olderwho are struggling with many uncomfortable symptoms and low energy lament, “ifI’d only known I was going to live so long I would have taken better care ofmyself.” But at that point it is too late for the old donkey; time for a trade in.
Gerontologists refer to combating the aging process as “squaring the curve.”
We arrive at the peak of our physical function at about age eighteen. How highthat peak level is depends on a person’s genetic endowment, the quality of thestart they received through their mother’s nutritional reserves, and the quality oftheir childhood nutrition and life experience. From that peak our function begins todrop. The rate of drop is not uniform, but is a cascade where each bit ofdeterioration creates more deterioration, accelerating the rate of deterioration. Ifvarious aging experiences were graphed, they would make curves like those onthe chart on this page.
Because deterioration starts out so slowly, people usually do not begin to
notice there has been any decline until they reach their late 30s. A few fortunateones don’t notice it until their 40s. A few (usually) dishonest ones claim no losses
into their 50s but they are almost inevitably lying, either to you or to themselves,
or both. Though it might be wisest to begin combating the aging process at age19, practically speaking, no one is going to start spending substantial money onfood supplements until they actually notice significant lost function. For non-athletes this point usually comes when function has dropped to about 90 percentof what it was in our youth. If they’re lucky what people usually notice with thebeginnings of middle age is an increasing inability for their bodies to tolerate insultssuch as a night on the town or a big meal. Or they may begin to get colds that justwon’t seem to go away. Or they may begin coming home after work so tired thatthey can hardly stay awake and begin falling asleep in their Lazy Boy recliner infront of the TV even before prime time. If they’re not so lucky they’ll beginsuffering the initial twinges of a non-life-threatening chronic condition like arthritis.
The thinnest line demonstrates the worst possible life from a purely physical
point of view, where a person started out life with significantly lowered function,lost quite a bit more and then hung on to life for many years without the mercy ofdeath.
If one can postpone the deterioration of aging, they extend and hopefully
square the curve (retard loss of function until later and then have the loss occurmore rapidly). Someone whose lifetime function resembled a “square curve”(thethickest, topmost line) would experience little or no deterioration until the veryend and then would lose function precipitously. At this point we do not know howto eliminate the deterioration but we do know how to slow it down, living longerand feeling better, at least to a point close to the very end.
Vitamin supplements can actually slow or even to a degree, reverse, the aging
process. However, to accomplish that task, they have to be taken in amounts fargreater than so-called minimum daily requirements, using vitamins as though theywere drugs, a therapeutic approach to changing body chemistry profiles andmaking them resemble a younger body. For example, research gerontologists likeWalford reason that if pantothenic acid (vitamin B
5, in fairly substantial but quite
safe) doses can extend the life and improve the function of old rats, there is every
indication that it will do a similar job on humans. Medical researchers andresearch gerontologists have noticed that many other vitamin and vitamin-likesubstances have similar effects on laboratory animals.
Some will object that what helps rats and mice is in no way proven to cause
the same result on humans. I agree. Proven with full scientific rigor, no. In fact, atpresent, the contention is unprovable. Demonstrable as having a high likelihood’sof being so, yes! So likely so as to be almost incontrovertible, yes! But provableto the most open-minded, scientific sort—probably not for a long time. However,the Life Extension Foundation is working hard to find some quantifiable method ofgauging the aging process in humans without waiting for the inarguable indicator,death. Once this is accomplished and solidly recognized, probably no rationalperson will be able to doubt that human life span can be increased.
Experiments work far better with short-lived laboratory animals for another
reason; we can not control the food and supplement intakes of humans as we canwith caged mice. In fact, there are special types of laboratory mice that have beenbred to have uniformly short life spans, especially to accelerate this kind ofresearch. With mice we can state accurately that compared to a control group,feeding such and such a dose of such and such a supplement extended the life-span or functional performance by such and such a percent.
A lot of these very same medical gerontologists nourish their own bodies as
thoroughly as the laboratory animals they are studying, taking broad mixes of foodsupplements at doses proportional to those that extend the life spans of theirresearch animals. This approach to using supplementation is at the other end ofthe scale compared to using supplements to prevent gross deficiencies.


 small c ity in Florida. "My wife is having
a heart attack and is almost unconscious. Please help me quickly," he begged. I got my bathrobe and bedroom slippers on and went with him to the car.
His wife was a rather large woman. There was no way at this time
that any tests could be made, but I quickly examined her hands and feet and found that they were cold, and by this I determined that it was not a heart attack, however, she was having some severe chest pains, the heart had lost its rhythm, and had dropped down into the lower 40's. The nearest hospital was 15 miles away and I was afraid that she would not last to get to the hospital, so I made up an ordinary drink for the purpose of relieving gas on the stomach and told her to sip it slow-ly for 30 minutes. Within 10 minutes the gas began to burp out of her system. In a half hour she had perfect relief, the heart rhythm was back to normal, her feet and hands warmed up, and she felt as if she
had never been sick. I asked them to come to the lab and I tested her to see what caused the attack of acute indigestion. Her calciums were very, very low, which is one of the causes of acute indigestion.
I said to the husband, "You need a test also because there may be a
problem here that involves both of you." She was in her mid-thirties,
and in menopause, and he was 38. His test indicated very low calci-ums also. The reason I thought he would have low calciums was that the wife did the cooking and if she was low in calciums then probably he was too. This is what we can call deduction in mathematics. If you
find one problem in one member of the family, then you should look for it in other members of the family, especially if you find it in the mother and she's the one who does  the cooking. There are exceptions 133 to this rule. Nevertheless, it is ab solutely necessary to go by the num-
bers. 00 not try to draw any conclusions without scientific facts.
After I found him low in calciums I said, "Most people that have
your numbers would have a very difficult time living with a wife be-cause you would be at each other’s' throats every minute," and both of them looked as if lightning had struck them. Then they admitted they were on the verge of a divorce because they couldn't get along with each other. They had three children. I said, "It is very easy to fix this so that you can get along with each other." I had the calciums they needed and gave it to them to take, and in two weeks the nervousness had completely left them and they were deeply in love with each other again. Now whenever either one gets the least bit cross the other runs for the calcium bottle and says, "Here, honey, take your calciums!" I also told the wife what to do so she would not have acute indigestion.
So you can see how important it is for people to have a dietary test
made that will correct the mineral deficiencies in the body.
A young married couple can have the same problems with low
calciums and their life becomes upset and it leads to divorce because the low calciums had so upset the wife's nerves she cannot forgive and forget as quickly as a man, and neither can the man when his calciums are too low. When calciums are normal and all of the numbers sub-stantiate that they are normal, it is very easy to forgive. The lower the
calciums, the more difficult it is to forgive and forget.
During the act of intercourse there is an electrical charge that
passes between the male and female. Many times when the young couples get married, it takes up to five or six months to learn the real art of intercourse to get the maximum amount of ecstasy that is nor-mally due each other. There are conditions wherein the calciums are too low in one or the other and the sex act is a trying experience, and yet the grace of God keeps them from being irritable.
We now come to the problem that the Bible speaks of as fornica-
tion.
Those who engage in sex without marriage have problems. There
is a guilt feeling because they are not married, and they have not had enough practice in the act in order to reach the heavenly harmony that 134 was intended by God for the man and his wife. Sex acts without love
is very bad because it leaves each tom down rather than built up. It
causes the sex organs to refuse to accept enough manganese to keep the prostate in a man from having too many delta cells. It also causes a larger count of delta cells in the vagina area and sometimes the breasts of women, and it upsets the entire nervous system because it tears down the calcium contents of the system rather than build up the re-serve energy, and decreases the reserve energy greatly.
God made men to have one wife, the wife to have one husband,
and any breaking of this law is an attempt to break the biological laws made by the Lord Himself. In reality no one can break these laws, they only break themselves on these laws. Consequently, those wom-en that seIl themselves to prost itution far money, or any other reason,
simply look old at 30. They have burned themselves out for a few un-known reasons, sometimes money. These acts cannot be stopped by legislation. They can only be forced on the black market conditions, and it is up to the ministers to teach the young people the dangers of fornication, and not for the state to try to punish them for their acts.
If more young people were taught how much damage is done by
fornication they would listen and obey the laws because they want to be healthy. I'm not saying that fornication is to be avoided in all cir-cumstances from a biological viewpoint. There are women and men that are said to be over-sexed, and for some reason they do not marry, or their calciums are too low, and consequently they cannot find a partner that suits them enough to be married and live an honorable Christian life. The passion drive is so great in some that it upsets the calcium balance and the more the calci um balance. is upset the weaker
they become, and the weaker they become, the less faith they have, and the less faith they have, the more undesirable they become as a prospective partner. Many women are in an insane asylum because of this very condition of sinning. They do not even understand their problem.
Here again if a pastor knew how to counsel (biological church
problems) such people instead of telling them they are going straight to hell and would teach them to go to someone who can build up their 135 calciums, probably have them take a Dale Carnegie Course to improve
their personality, and to have a class in which the facts of life were
presented to them in a Christian way that many converts could be won to God's Kingdom.
, This does not mean that the pastor or the church is condoning the
illicit use of sex. The Bible says there is none perfect, no not one. It also says that he who does not keep the commandments and teaches man to do so is least in the kingdom of heaven. But he who keeps the commandments and teaches others to keep them is called great in the kingdom of heaven. The church is a hospital for sinners and not a
clubhouse for saints.
Jesus asked the woman when she was accused of adultery as he
wrote in the sand, "Where are thine accusers?" Then said to her, "Go,
and sin no more." Jesus did not condemn this woman, neither do I condemn her, but I put these people on the top of my prayer list. Any-one that would put such a person down, does not deserve to be in the kingdom of heaven. It is our sole dut y as Christians to labor until these
souls are born into the Kingdom. Every soul that is born into the Kingdom is there because of somebody's prayers and never because of somebody's gossip.
Please do not say, or quote me as saying, that I condone fornica-
tion or adultery. I do not condone it. However, it does exist so there must be a way that God has to solve these problems' and I believe that much of it can be solved with God's love, our love and biological means. In another chapter you were informed that women use seven times more calciums every day than a normal man, and for every time that the husband goes home and his wife is in a very bad humor and punishes him by refusing him the love, the bed life that he is entitled
to, that is when he is going to go to someone else and he's going to say, "My wife doesn't understand." (How fortunate he is that his wife doesn't understand or she would throw him over the sandy bank.) Now this does not justify him whatsoever, but it is a pastor's duty to know how to counsel and to take care of his sick sheep. And these people are sick and any shepherd that does not know how to care for his sick sheep is not going to have them very long. 136 The pastors' seminars are to teach the pastor how to feed his sheep
and how to care for his well and sick sheep so that souls can be Won
to Christ, and so that the young saints can grow up to be strong, ma-ture saints of God.   137 CHAPTER 19
OXYGEN

Creation begins with the Garden of Eden and ends with a Garden.
As long as anyone tries to bring God down to his size, he will not


 week and smaller portions of butter, vegetables and barley were
consumed regularly. Soup from animal bones was consumed regularly.
Diet of Healthy Indigenous People in the Swiss Alps
8
Calories
Food
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
Calcium
Phosphorus
800
Rye Bread
Low
0.07
0.46
400
Milk
High
0.68
0.53
400
Cheese
Very High
0.84
0.62
100
Butter
Very High
0.00
0.00
100
Barley
Low
0.00
0.03
100
Vegetables
Low
0.06
0.08
100
Meat
Medium
0.00
0.12
2000

Very High
1.76
1.84
9
Immunity to Tooth Decay
In a study of 4,280 teeth of the children in these high valleys, only 3.4% were found to have been
attacked by tooth decay. In the Loetschental Valley 0.3% of all teeth were affected with tooth decay.
a
Modern Swiss were Losing Their Health
In the 1930s, tooth decay was a major problem for school children in the modern parts of
Switzerland, with 85-100 percent of the population affected. The local health director advised sun
tanning for the children as it was believed that the vitamins produced from the sunlight would prevent
tooth decay. However, this tactic did not work. The modernized Swiss no longer ate their native diets
of soured rye bread, summer cheese, summer butter and fresh goat or cow milk.The Nutrition of Modern Swiss
Foods that the modern Swiss ate that promoted tooth decay included white-flour products,
marmalades, jams, canned vegetables, confections, and fruits. All of these devitalized foods were
transported to the area. Only limited supplies of vegetables were grown locally.
While there are several differences between the modern and isolated diets, there are two points of
significant interest. When you compare these two tables, the key nutrient differences between the diets
are not related to rye bread vs. white bread. Rather 500 calories of the modern diet comes from
sweets and chocolate which are low in fat-soluble vitamins and minerals. These products replaced
cheese and milk which where dense sources of fat-soluble vitamins and minerals.Nutrient-Displacing, Tooth-Decay-Causing Diet of Modern Swiss
11
Calories
Food
Fat-Soluble
Vitamins
Calcium
Phosphorus
1000
White Bread
Low
0.11
0.35
400
Jam, Honey, Sugar, Syrup
Low
0.05
0.08
100
Chocolate and Coffee
Low
0.02
0.07
100
Milk
High
0.17
0.13
100
Canned Vegetables
Low
0.08
0.08
100
Meat
Medium
0.01
0.11
100
Vegetable Fat
Low
0.00
0.00
100
Butter (dairy)
High
0.00
0.00
2000

Low
0.44
0.82
Here is an interesting observation from Dr. Price of some of the modern Swiss:
We studied some children here whose parents retained their primitive methods of food
selection, and without exception those who were immune to dental caries were eating a
distinctly different food from those with high susceptibility to dental caries.
12
Immunity to Tooth Decay
Of 2,065 teeth that Dr Price analyzed in one study of modern Swiss, 25.5 per cent had been attacked
by dental caries and many teeth had become abscessed (infected).
13
 The difference between the
modern Swiss and the isolated Swiss, who were highly immune to cavities, is not an enigma. Dr.
Price repeated his observations across the world. Let's carefully look at two more examples.The Healthy People of the Outer Hebrides
© Price-Pottenger Nutrition Foundation, www.ppnf.org
The splendid physical development of the native Gaelic fisher folk is characterized by excellent
teeth and well-formed faces.
14
 ( Original caption.)
Stories have long been told of the superb health of the people living in the Islands of the Outer
Hebrides.
15
The Outer Hebrides are islands off of the coast of Scotland.
The basic foods of these islanders are fish and oat products with a little barley. Oat
grain is the one cereal that develops fairly readily, and it provides the porridge and oat
cakes that in many homes are eaten in some form regularly with each meal. The fishing
about the Outer Hebrides is especially favorable, and small seafoods including lobsters,
crabs, oysters and clams, are abundant. An important and highly relished article of diet
has been baked cod's head stuffed with chopped cod's liver and oatmeal.
16
Immunity to Tooth Decay
On the Isle of Lewis, only 1.3 teeth out of every hundred examined had been attacked by dental caries
(1.3%). On the Isle of Harris, just 1.0% of teeth were decayed, and on the Isle of Skye, those living
on primitive foods had only 0.7 carious teeth per hundred (0.7%).Gaelics on Modern Foods are Losing Their Health
One of the sad stories of the Isle of Lewis has to do with
the recent rapid progress of the
white plague.
The younger generation of the modernized part of the Isle of Lewis is not
showing the same resistance to tuberculosis as their ancestors.
17
 (Emphasis added.)
The pictures of the brothers on the next pages illustrate how it is not genetics that causes physical
deterioration. Rather it is a factor of the amount of modern, nutrient-poor processed foods that one
eats.Younger Brother
© Price-Pottenger Nutrition Foundation, www.ppnf.org
The younger boy, seen to the left, had extensive tooth decay. Many teeth were missing including
two in the front. He insisted on having white bread, jam, highly sweetened coffee and also sweet
chocolates. His father told me with deep concern how difficult it was for this boy to get up in the
morning and go to work.
18
Older Brother© Price-Pottenger Nutrition Foundation, www.ppnf.org
[The older brother] had excellent teeth and [younger brother] rampant caries. The older boy,
[shown here] with excellent teeth, was still enjoying primitive food of oatmeal and oatcake and
sea foods with some limited dairy products.
19
 Note the narrow face and [dental] arch of the
younger brother
.
20
Nutrition of Modernized Gaelics
In Stornoway, one could purchase angel food cake, white bread, as snow white as that to be found in
any community in the world, many other white-flour products; also, canned marmalades, canned
vegetables, sweetened fruit juices, jams, confections of every type filled the store windows and
counters.
21
Immunity to Tooth Decay
On the Isle of Lewis, in a count of one hundred individuals appearing to be between the ages of
twenty and forty, twenty-five were already wearing artificial teeth. On the Isle of Harris, 32.4% of
teeth had been attacked by tooth decay and on the Isle of Skye, 16.3%, or twenty-three times as many
teeth as the isolated Gaelics, had been attacked with dental caries.
Genetics and Tooth Decay
A little girl and her grandfather on the Isle of Skye illustrated the change in the two
generations. He was the product of the old régime, and about eighty years of age. Hewas carrying the harvest from the fields on his back when I stopped him to take his
picture. He was typical of the stalwart product raised on the native foods. She had the
typical expression of the result of modernization after the parents had adopted the
modern foods of commerce, and abandoned the oatcake, oatmeal porridge and sea
foods.
22
[The granddaughter] has low immunity to dental caries, contracted nostrils and is a
mouth breather. Her grandfather, age 82, has excellent teeth.
23
I have now provided you with two compelling examples of the effect of nutrition on dental health.
First, we have the case of the two brothers, one who is immune to cavities and one who is not. The
second example is of an older man. One would expect by his age to have a majority of his teeth
missing or full of fillings, yet he has healthy, cavity-free teeth. His granddaughter does not have
healthy, cavity-free teeth because she does not eat according to the old way.
In both the case of the brothers, and the case of the grandfather and his granddaughter, the difference
in their health is not based in their genetics, but in the foods consumed. These observations show
obvious cause and effect, yet they defy mainstream medical beliefs. In our modern culture, we are
taught to believe that tooth decay and many other diseases are primarily a factor of heredity. I have
shown you that this is not always the case. Tens of millions of people go to the dentist and are never
told that tooth decay is due to missing vitamins and minerals in their diet.Aborigines of Australia
Dr. Price visited Australia in 1936. He discovered that the average rate of tooth decay among
Australia's native Ab


 Sulfoxide (DMSO) in Trauma and Disease
changes without the anatomic necrotic changes to neurons described earlier.
The  s econdary injury primarily involves reduced cerebral perfusion, inflammatory
changes, lowered cerebral energy metabolism, release of excitatory neurotransmit -
ters, and oxidative stress.23,24 These cell and molecular abnormalities not only add to
the site of injury but can give rise to an area of the brain adjacent to the injury core
where a ring of ischemic penumbral neurons can accumulate.
In his classic paper describing the ischemic penumbra, Astrup and his colleagues25
recognized two stages where penumbral neurons can experience functional impair -
ment and irreparable degenerative damage, usually with the former stage preceding the latter.
However, irreparable damage to penumbral neurons is not always the case, and
it is clear that at least in embolic stroke, these neurons are salvageable with the proper treatment, for example, using intra-arterial thrombolytics such as the tissue plasminogen activators (tPAs). These clot busters are able to accelerate the conver -
sion of plasminogen to plasmin, the major enzyme that catalyzes clot breakdown. However, one of the disadvantages of tPA therapy is that it must be administered as quickly as possible after an embolic stroke, usually within 4½ h after the onset of symptoms.
26
This brief window of opportunity means that only 3% of persons qualify for treat -
ment with tPAs since most patients wait beyond this time period to seek medical help after the onset of stroke symptoms. Another serious disadvantage of tPAs is the risk of hemorrhage in the brain, worsening the primary damage from stroke.
Due to the bleeding risk, tPA has not been assessed in any traumatic brain injury
trial that we are aware of, but other agents have been used to address the disturbances in platelet function, leading to hyperaggregability following a head injury.
27
Neurons in the ischemic penumbra are formed as a result of critically subnor -
mal brain perfusion following a stroke or local brain trauma.28 These penumbral
neurons retain their structural integrity but lose their ability to function normally.29
The penumbral region is therefore a functionally silent population of neurons. The physiological outcome of penumbral neurons is dependent on the degree and dura -
tion of ischemia.
30 It has been reported that an ischemic penumbra results when local
cerebral blood flow dips between 12 and 18 mL/100 g tissue/min following brain trauma.
31 Below 12 mL/100 g tissue/min, the tissue becomes irreparably damaged
and soon dies.31
The penumbral neurons are more likely to die if normal cerebral perfusion is
not quickly restored. However, the grace time before penumbral neurons die from a reduced blood flow supply is variable and dependent on the type of injury involved, severity, region of the brain affected, and many other constants. Penumbral neu -
rons have been reported to remain viable for hours, days, months, or even beyond a year.
32–34 During traumatic brain injury, astrocytes become reactive and increase
proinflammatory cytokines to produce excitotoxicity through the excessive pro -
duction of extracellular glutamate. This results in brain edema and swelling, a
 condition that promotes neuronal death from the activation of reactive oxygen
 species (ROS).
In addition, the activation of Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of
transcription signaling pathway is one of the most important transducing signals 137 DMSO in Basic Neuroprotection
from the cell surface to the nucleus in response to cytokines, particularly the
 proinflammatory interleukin-6 cytokine family.36 The Janus kinase and signal trans -
ducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway is the focus of much research
at the present time due to studies that report its involvement in the pathophysiology of brain ischemia, brain trauma, and spinal cord injury (SCI).
37,38
It is clear that when primary traumatic brain injury cannot be prevented, secondary
injuries must be restricted with appropriate neuroprotective strategies. Nevertheless, present drug treatments are not generally able to do that consistently or effectively.
39
The ability of pharmacotherapy to rescue salvageable neurons following brain
trauma and arrest or reverse the quantitative damage that results from such injuries remains elusive and extremely limited.
A recent Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Injury Group
conducted an exhaustive literature search analyzing drug therapeutic studies dealing with severe head injury. The search concluded that the majority of these clinical tri -
als included only a modest number of patients largely due to the uncertainty of the trial drug effectiveness.
40 Not surprisingly, the quality of these clinical trials was
regarded as more or less questionable.40
For this reason, there is an expectation that the effects of dimethyl sulfoxide
(DMSO) used to treat brain trauma, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and SCI will receive the clinical attention it deserves. When brain trauma, stroke, AD, and SCI are combined, it represents a block of disorders that affect 8% of adult Americans and more than 15 million individuals in the United States alone.
The findings reviewed here will reveal a very unusual molecule possessing a num-
ber of biological actions that may explain its positive therapeutic effects following traumatic brain injury and other CNS insults.
DMSO IN EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN TRAUMA
The mechanism of action(s) exerted by DMSO in improving the outcome of trau -
matic brain injury remains unknown. However, DMSO is reported to display a range of properties, which may be useful in the management of the brain trauma patient or animal. For example, DMSO increases cerebral blood flow without altering blood pressure,
41,42 quickly reduces ICP without a rebound effect,43–46 is a potent diuretic
that does not affect cardiac rate or output,41,42 reduces cerebral edema,47,49 blocks
sodium channel activation,50,51 is a powerful free radical scavenger,52,53 prevents glu -
tamate excitotoxic neuron death,54 lowers the Janus kinase and signal transducer
and activator of transcription signaling pathway whose activation can be induced by excitotoxic cytokines following brain ischemia,
55 and suppresses NMDA-
AMPA-induced (NMDA, N-methyl- d-aspartate; AMPA, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-
methylisoxazole-4-propionate) ion currents and excessive calcium influx known to damage and kill neurons.
54,56 Additionally, DMSO has a protective and stabilizing
effect on cell membranes57–59 and inhibits inflammation, a reaction that is generally
associated with moderate-to-severe brain trauma.60–62
The biological actions listed earlier for DMSO are relevant to our review of the
cellular–molecular events associated with CNS injuries, including traumatic brain injury, stroke, or neurodegenerative conditions since these events generally involve 138 Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) in Trauma and Disease
sodium channel activation, free radical formation, and glutamate excitotoxic signal -
ing involving NMDA-AMPA-induced ion channels and calcium signaling in cell-
death pathways.50,51,54,61 These cellular–molecular actions modified by DMSO will
be discussed in detail in this section of this chapter and in Chapter 9. Chapter 9 will detail how the basic research of DMSO in cerebral injuries has been successfully applied to humans sustaining a variety of insults to the brain.
It is important to point out that the cellular and subcellular biological actions of
DMSO with the exception of lowering brain edema after trauma are not known to be associated with mannitol, a drug commonly used for the treatment of head injuries. This may be one of the reasons why DMSO treatment has been shown to be more efficacious and safer than mannitol when used in patients with severe, closed head injury.
44,45
The initial studies with DMSO were first carried out in the early 1970s in the
Division of Neurosurgery at the University of Chicago by a team of investigators led by Jack de la Torre. How DMSO was chosen to be tested against an animal model of head injury among dozens of other potentially worthwhile compounds is worth men-tioning. At that time, about a dozen head injury centers existed in the United States funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) and most of these centers were des -
perately seeking new agents to address the rising incidence of head trauma. These head injuries occurred from falls, especially in children and the elderly. Automobile accidents were also high on the list of head injury causes.
Since seat belts were not in common use in the early 1970s, about 50,000 deaths
per year were recorded from acceleration–deceleration brain damage sustained mainly from falls and car crashes. Most of these deaths occurred from complications that followed injury to the brain, generally within several days following hospital admissions. The frustration from personnel working in the emergency room after admitting a severe head-injured patient, whether the patient was a child or an adult, was the inconsistent nature of the treatments available at the time, which sometimes worked, but more often did not.
At the research meeting held every other week in the Division of Neurosurgery
at the University of Chicago in 1971, DMSO was proposed by a member of the fac -
ulty, Jack de la Torre, as a possible agent to test in experimental animals with severe head injury. When asked by Sean Mullan, the chief of neurosurgery, for the reasons behind this proposal, de la Torre pointed out DMSO’s unique properties as


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 birth
of osteopathy (a system of healing
based upon the manipulation
of bones) and chiropractic
(a similar system primarily
involving manipulation of
the spine).
Western Influences on
Asian Medicine
Across the world in
China, Thomson’s
practices might have
been looked on with
a measure of surprise,
but they would have
been familiar. In Chinese
medicine, there has
always been a debate
as to what degree
illness arises from
cold, and to what
degree it arises from heat.  The Shanghanlun (On Cold-Induced Maladies), written in the 2nd
century ce, and revised and reinterpreted in commentaries
over the last 1,800 years, recommends the herb cinnamon
(Cinnamomum spp., p. 81) as a principal remedy when the
patient “shivers with fever, breathes heavily, and feels
nauseous.” In the 14th century, Wang Lu distinguished
between cold-induced illness and febrile illness, and treated
them in different ways, and this distinction was elaborated in
greater and greater detail by different Chinese herbalists right
up to the 19th century.
 During the early 19th century, the influence of Western
biomedicine was beginning to affect traditional practices in both
China and India. This was certainly beneficial in many respects.
The judicious incorporation of scientific principles and methods
into traditional herbal healing offers the possibility of greatly
refining the effectiveness of treatment.
 But in India under British rule, Western medicine eventually
became the only alternative. Ayurveda was seen as inferior to
biomedicine ( see India & the Middle East, p. 39). Western
practice was introduced not as a complement to traditional
medicine, but rather as a means to supplant it. According to
one authority, “before 1835 Western physicians and their
Indian counterparts exchanged knowledge; thereafter only
Western medicine was recognised as legitimate and the
Eastern systems were actively discouraged” (Robert
Svoboda, Ayurveda, Life, Health and Longevity, 1992).
 In China, the influx of Western ideas was less traumatic.
Increasing numbers of Chinese medical students studied
Western medicine, but this did not stop the continuing
development of traditional herbal practice. By and large,
each tradition was recognized as having both advantages
and disadvantages.
Herbalism Outlawed 1850–1900
In Europe, conventional medicine was seeking to establish
a monopoly for its own type of practice. In 1858, the British
Parliament was asked to impose legislation banning the
practice of medicine by anyone who had not been trained in
a conventional medical school. Fortunately, this proposal was
rejected, but in countries such as France, Spain, and Italy, and
in some states of the U.S., it became illegal to practice herbal
medicine without an orthodox qualification. Herbalists were
forced to risk fines or imprisonment simply for providing
herbal medicine to patients who had sought their help.
 In Britain, concerns such as these, combined with a desire
to establish Western herbal medicine as an alternative to
conventional practices, particularly in the industrial cities
of the North of England, led to the formation in 1864 of the
National Institute of Medical Herbalists, the first professional
body of herbal practitioners in the world. Its history is an
example of how tenacious herbal practitioners have had
to be simply to retain their right to give safe, gentle, and
effective herbal medicines to their patients.Ginseng  has been used
as a tonic remedy in
Chinese medicine for
at least 5,000 years.
US_018-027_Early_Origins_To_The_19_Century.indd   27 26/02/16   4:42 pm
28
The developmen T of herbal medicine20th Century Onward
For most of us, modern medicine is exemplified by drugs such as antibiotics and highly technical
methods of diagnosis and treatment. However, many might be surprised to discover that,  for much of the last century, herbal medicines have been the primary form of treatment,  even in Western countries.
Even as late as the 1930s, around 90 percent of medicines
prescribed by doctors or sold over the counter were herbal in origin. It is only during the last 70 years that laboratory-produced medicines have become the norm. During the  First World War (1914–1918), for example, garlic (Allium sativum, p. 59) and sphagnum moss (Sphagnum spp.) were used by the ton in the battle trenches to dress wounds and
to treat infections. Garlic is an excellent natural antibiotic,
and was the most effective antiseptic available at the time,
and sphagnum moss, gathered from the moorlands, makes  a natural aseptic dressing.
Science & Medicine
The development of new medicines in the laboratory—either extracted from medicinal plants or synthesized—stretches back to the early 19th century, when chemists first isolated constituents such as morphine, from opium poppy (Papaver somniferum, p. 244), and cocaine,
from coca (Erythroxylum coca, p. 206). From that time onward, scientists made tremendous progress in understanding how isolated chemicals affect the body, as well as how the body works in health and disease. From the 1860s, scientists—most notably Louis Pasteur (1822–1895)—began to identify the microorganisms that were ultimately responsible for causing infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis and malaria. Naturally enough, the first aim of those engaged in medical
research was to seek out medicines that would act as “magic bullets,” directly attacking the microorganisms concerned and ridding the body of the threat. This eventually led to the
discovery, or, more accurately, the rediscovery of penicillin  by a number of medical researchers, most notably Alexander Fleming (1881–1955) in 1929. However, while 20th-century scientists were the first to scientifically evaluate antibiotics as medicines, they were not the first to employ them in healing. Antibiotic molds had been grown and used to combat infection in ancient Egypt, 14th-century Peru, and in recent European folk medicine. In the decades following the Second World War (1939– 1945), when antibiotics first came into use, it seemed as though a new era had dawned in which infection could  be conquered, and life-threatening diseases such as syphilis, pneumonia, and tuberculosis would cease to be major causes of death in the developed world. Modern medicine also provided other highly effective drugs such as steroid anti-inflammatories, and it seemed as if it was simply a question  of time until cures for most illnesses were found.
Ascendancy of Biomedicine
As Americans and Europeans became accustomed to medication that led to an almost instant short-term improvement in symptoms (if not in underlying health), herbal medicines came to be seen by the public as outmoded and ineffective. Increasingly, the practice of herbal medicine was outlawed in North America and most of Europe, while the wealthy in developing countries abandoned herbal medicine in favor of the new treatments available. This was in no small part due to the medical profession itself, which saw herbal medicine as a throwback to the superstitions of the past. From the late 19th century onward, the aim of organizations such as the American Medical Association and the British Medical Association had been to monopolize conventional medical practice. Herbal medicine thus neared extinction in many countries, especially
in the U.S. and Britain. In Britain, for example, from 1941 until 1968 it was illegal to practice herbal medicine without medical qualifications.
The Tide Turns
Although there were spectacular successes with modern chemical medicines,
there were also horrific disasters, most notably the thalidomide tragedy in 1962 in Britain and Germany, when 3,000 deformed babies were born to mothers who had taken the drug for morning sickness during pregnancy. This event marked a turning point in the public’s opinion of chemical medicines. Louis Pasteur was a pioneer in the
identification of bacteria.
An electron micrograph of the parasite Plasmodium. Transmitted to man by infected mosquitoes, it causes the disease malaria.
US_028-031_20th_Century_and_Beyond.indd   28 26/02/16   4:42 pm29 20th century onward
People began to realize that a serious cost could accompany
the benefits of treatment with modern pharmaceutical
drugs. This, and the factors described below, have brought
about a sea change in public perceptions of the value of
herbal medicine.
The Chinese Example
Herbal medicine experienced a major gain in fortune in
1949 in China, when Mao Zedong and the Communist
Red Army gained control of the country.
 Traditional Western medicine by that time was well
established in China, but most of the population had little
hope of access to modern hospitals, let alone to new drugs.
Out of necessity, traditional Chinese medicine—essentially
herbal medicine and acupuncture—once more began to
be used alongside Western conventional medicine. The
authorities aimed to provide the best of both worlds. Five
teaching hospitals for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)
were established, where it was taught on a scientific basis.
In addition, great efforts were made to improve the quality
of plant medicines.
 Contrary to the trend in conventional Western medicine
that makes the patient ever more dependent upon the
doctor and high-tech machinery, TCM, like other forms
of complementary medicine, stresses the patient’s personal
responsibility for his or her own cure


 employed in European herbal medicine
today. Its main use is as a cough remedy, with
properties similar to those of sundew ( Drosera
rotundifolia, p. 203), another insect-eating plant.
Butterwort may be used to treat chronic and
convulsive coughs.
Related Species The similar P. grandiflora,
native to the Pyrenees, has been used to treat
spasmodic coughs.
 QCaution T ake butterwort only under
professional supervision.may be taken for asthma, bronchitis, and other
respiratory infections, and for digestive disorders
such as gas. Scots pine branches and stems yield
a thick resin, which is also antiseptic within the
respiratory tract. The seeds yield an essential oil
with diuretic and respiratory-stimulant properties.
Cautions Do not use Scots pine if prone to
allergic skin reactions. Do not take the essential oil
internally except under professional supervision.Anise seeds’ antispasmodic properties make
them helpful in countering period pain, asthma,
whooping cough, and bronchitis. The seeds’
expectorant action justifies their use for these
respiratory ailments. Anise seeds are thought
to increase breast-milk production and may be
beneficial in treating impotence and frigidity. Anise
essential oil is used for similar complaints, and is
also used externally to treat lice and scabies.
Research Anise essential oil has been shown to
have significant antifungal activity, including against
Candida albicans.
Cautions Do not take anise essential oil
internally except under professional supervision.
Do not take anise during
pregnancy, except in amounts
normally used in cooking.
Self-help Uses Acidity &
indigestion, p. 307; Digestive
upsets, gas & colic, p. 318;
Stomach spasm, p. 305; Gas
& bloating, p. 306.
Anise seeds, which
benefit digestion, are
harvested when ripe
in autumn.Scots pine leaves, seeds, and oil have a mildly antiseptic
effect within the respiratory and urinary tracts.
SeedsPinus sylvestris (Pinaceae)
Scots Pine
Description Coniferous tree growing to
100 ft (30 m). Has reddish-brown bark, pairs of
fine, needle-like leaves, yellowish buds in winter,
and oval to conical cones.
Habitat & Cultivation Native to mountainous
regions of Europe and north and west Asia, Scots
pine is now found throughout the northern
hemisphere. The leaves are gathered in summer.
The stems are usually harvested when the tree
is felled.
Parts Used Leaves, branches, stems, seeds,
essential oil.
Constituents The leaves of Scots pine contain
a volatile oil (consisting mainly of alpha-pinene),
resin, and bitter principles.
History & Folklore Pine oil is added to
disinfectants and other preparations. The distilled
resin produces turpentine.
Medicinal Actions & Uses Scots pine leaves,
taken internally, have a mildly antiseptic effect within
the chest, and may also be used for arthritic and
rheumatic problems. Essential oil from the leaves Piper angustifolia (Piperaceae)
Matico
Description Perennial shrub reaching 23 ft (7 m).
Has deeply veined aromatic lance-shaped leaves,
spikes of tiny yellow flowers, and small black fruit.
Habitat & Cultivation Matico is native to
mountainous regions of Bolivia, Peru, and Ecuador.
It is found in the wild and widely cultivated in these
and other countries in tropical South America. The
leaves are gathered throughout the year.
Parts Used Leaves.
Constituents Matico contains a volatile oil
(including camphor, borneol, and azulene),
alkaloids, tannins, mucilage, and resins.
History & Folklore Matico was and is
used by Andean and Amazonian people as a
wound-healing remedy and urinary antiseptic.
European settlers learned of it in the19th century
and it became an official drug in some South
American pharmacopoeias.
Medicinal Actions & Uses Matico is an
aromatic stimulant, diuretic, and astringent used
extensively for gastric and intestinal problems,
including peptic ulcers, diarrhea and dysentery.
US_246-265_Pergularia_Extensa_Salvia_Sclarea.indd   249 17/03/16   4:01 pm
250
other medicinal plantsPiP er betle
It is commonly used in South American herbal
medicine for internal bleeding, particularly within the digestive tract—for example, rectal bleeding and hemorrhoids. It is also taken for bleeding in the urinary tract. Applied externally, a decoction  of matico makes a valuable remedy for minor wounds, sore and inflamed skin, and insect bites and stings. The decoction may also be used as either a mouthwash or a douche.
Piper betle (Piperaceae)
Betel
Description Slender climbing vine growing to
16 ft (5 m). Has heart-shaped leaves, tiny yellow-green flowers, and small spherical fruit.
Habitat & Cultivation Betel is native to
Malaysia and southern India. It is widely cultivated in much of southern Asia, East Africa and Madagascar, and the Caribbean. The leaves are gathered throughout the year and dried for extracts or  to use whole.Habitat & Cultivation Native to
southwestern India, pepper is now cultivated in tropical areas around the world. The fruit is harvested from plants that are at least 3 years old. Green peppercorns are picked unripe and pickled,
black peppercorns are picked unripe and dried,
red peppercorns are picked ripe and dried, and
white peppercorns are picked ripe and soaked  in water for 8 days before drying.the incidence of cancer of the mouth and tongue. Ironically, the habit of chewing betel leaves is now giving way in many regions to cigarette smoking.
Medicinal Actions & Uses Betel leaves
are chiefly used as a gentle stimulant, since they apparently induce a mild sensation of well-being. They also affect the digestive system, stimulating salivary secretions, relieving flatulence, and preventing worm infestation. In many Asian traditions, including Ayurvedic medicine, betel leaves are thought to have aphrodisiac and nerve tonic properties. In Chinese herbal medicine,  betel root, leaves, and fruit are sometimes used  as a mild tonic and stomach-settling herb. The  root has been used with black pepper (P. nigrum,  below) or jequirity (Abrus precatorius, p. 158)  to produce sterility in women.
Caution The observed increase in the occurrence
of oral cancers in regular users makes it unwise to chew betel.
Parts Used Leaves, root, fruit.
Constituents Betel leaves contain up to
1% volatile oil (including cadinene, chavicol, chavibetol and cineole). As with many volatile oils, the percentages are variable. Malaysian samples have been shown to contain up to 69% chavibetol.
History & Folklore Betel leaves, wrapped
around areca nut (Areca catechu) and lime  (Citrus aurantiifolia), are known to have been chewed in India and Southeast Asia for several thousand years. Betel leaves are described in the Mahavasama, the most ancient Sri Lankan text. Chewing quickly produces a red-stained saliva and does not, despite what is commonly thought, lead to blackened teeth. However, long-term use of betel leaves and areca nut is considered to increase Betel leaves, traditionally chewed with areca nut and lime,
give a mild sensation of well-being.Pepper, here drying after the harvest, is still highly valued both medicinally and in cooking.
Parts Used Fruit, essential oil.
Constituents Pepper contains a volatile
oil (including beta-bisabolene, camphene, beta-
caryophyllene, and many other terpenes and sesquiterpenes), up to 9% alkaloids (especially piperine, which is largely responsible for the  herb’s acrid taste), about 11% proteins, and  small quantities of minerals.
History & Folklore Cultivated as a spice and
a medicine since ancient times, pepper was a vital commodity in world trade for thousands of years. Attila the Hun is reputed to have demanded
3,000 lb (1,360 kg) of pepper as ransom during  his siege of the city of Rome (408 ce).
Medicinal Actions & Uses The familiar sharp
taste of pepper reflects the stimulant and antiseptic effect it has on the digestive tract and the circulatory system. Pepper is commonly taken to warm the body, or to improve digestive function in cases  of nausea, stomachache, flatulence, bloating, constipation, or lack of appetite. The essential oil eases rheumatic pain and toothache. It is antiseptic and antibacterial, and reduces fever.
Research Piperine, the main active constituent
within black pepper, has significant therapeutic benefits, with a 2012 research paper listing "immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiasthmatic, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer and antiamebic properties." Piperine appears to aid the absorption of


	Again	I	raised	my	head,	and	this	time	I	saw	two
young	lovers	from	the	village	who	had	just	become	engaged.	They	were
walking	hand	in	hand,	gazing	at	each	other	silently.
After	they	were	past,	Baba	said,	“People	shout	when	their	hearts	are	far	apart.
They	speak	normally	when	their	hearts	are	in	tune.	But	when	two	hearts	are
one,	there	is	no	need	for	words	at	all.	That	is	how	the	way	of	the	heart
	works.
In	silence	you	will	find	your	soul	as	the	love	guiding	you	from	your	heart.”
W
HAT
	I	L
EARNED
The	way	of	the	heart	isn’t	about	words—it’s	about	feelings.	Your	heart	is	the
natural	home	of	spirit.	If	you	say	to	someone,	“Show	me	where	your	soul	is,”
almost	without	hesitation	they	will	point	to	the	heart.	What	they	might	not
know	is	what	the	heart	can	really	accomplish.	Have	you	heard	of	horse
whispering?	When	a	wild	horse	is	caught,	someone	has	to	break	it	in.	Wild
horses	are	afraid	of	the	saddle;	they	panic	and	fight	when	they	feel	a	rider	on
their	back	for	the	first	time.	So	traditionally	the	sight	of	a	horse	being	broken
in	was	wild	and	violent.
Then	someone	discovered	another	way,	called	horse	whispering.	Instead	of
forcing	the	horse	to	obey,	the	trainer	handles	it	gently,	looking	it	in	the	eye,
stroking	its	flanks	to	calm	it	down,	and	mounting	the	horse	only	when	the
trainer	feels	a	signal	from	the	animal	that	says,
You	may	get	on	me.	I	trust	you
.
The	old,	violent	way	of	breaking	horses	took	days;	horse	whispering	can	often
get	a	wild	horse	to	accept	a	saddle	in	a	few	hours.
What’s	at	work	here	is	the	way	of	the	heart,	and	the	steps	are	the	same	with
people	as	with	horses:
Tune	in	to	the	other	person
.
Gain	the	other	person’s	trust.
Be	in	harmony;	do	not	resist	the	other	person’s	feelings.These	three	steps	don’t	use	words;	in	fact,	words	just	get	in	the	way.	You	have
to	be	willing	to	enter	someone	else’s	world.	That	can	sound	scary,	yet	as	you
get	used	to	the	way	of	the	heart	you	will	see	how	naturally	it	works.
1.	T
UNE
	I
N
The	first	step	comes	down	to	really	looking	and	listening.	The	simple
question	“How	do	you	feel?”	is	always	a	good	start.	But	look	and	listen	from
the	heart;	that’s	the	key.	Someone	may	say,	“I’m	fine,”	yet	if	they	look	stiff,
with	arms	folded	and	a	tense	tone	in	their	voice,	don’t	those	things	tell	you
more	than	words?	If	you	look	into	someone’s	eyes—not	staring,	but	just
making	contact—you	begin	to	feel	what	they	are	feeling.	Likewise,	you	have
to	listen	from	the	heart,	which	tunes	in	to	feelings	all	the	time.
Whenever	you	meet	anyone,	your	heart	reaches	out	and	asks:
Is	this	person
feeling	good	or	bad,	excited	or	depressed,	worried	or	expectant?
	Everyone
else’s	heart	is	doing	the	same	thing.	So	don’t	get	in	the	way	or	pretend	that
you	don’t	notice.	We	all	notice	feelings	at	the	heart	level.	Words	are	easily
forgotten,	but	a	look	from	the	heart	becomes	part	of	who	you	are.
2.	G
AIN
	T
RUST
When	you	open	yourself	to	someone,	trust	begins	to	develop.	Have	you	ever
watched	squirrels	in	the	park?	If	you	throw	a	peanut	at	one,	it	will	scamper
away	and	keep	its	distance,	wondering	if	you	are	to	be	trusted.	But	if	you
	hold
the	peanut	in	your	open	hand,	the	squirrel	will	dart	closer,	then	run	away,	then
come	closer	again.	After	a	moment	even	a	skittish	squirrel	will	be	eating	out
of	your	hand.
With	people	it	takes	an	open	heart	instead	of	a	peanut,	but	you	hold	it	out	just
as	patiently	and	just	as	still.	We’re	all	afraid	at	times	to	show	our	feelings
when	we	think	they	will	make	us	look	weak	or	set	us	up	for	rejection.	But	if
you	simply	allow	yourself	to	be	with	someone	else,	quietly	and	with	an	open
heart,	trust	comes	naturally.
Think	about	someone	in	your	life	who	leaves	an	open	space	for	you	to	be
yourself.	No	one	is	more	valuable.	I	would	much	rather	have	a	pillar	of	trust
in	my	life	than	a	pillar	of	strength.	So	test	the	waters	and	find	someone	who
will,	first,	listen	to	you	and,	second,	accept	what	you’re	feeling.
3.	B
E	IN
	H
ARMONYThe	third	step	comes	down	to	acceptance.	In	the	joining	of	two	hearts	there	is
always	acceptance.	This	is	because	neither	one	is	thinking,
I	can’t	waste	my
valuable	time	putting	up	with	you
.	When	you	are	in	harmony,	you	have	as
much	time	for	another	person	as	for	yourself.	Lovers	don’t	need	to	speak
because	they	feel	like	one	person.	What	if	you	aren’t	in	love?	You	can	still
close	the	gap	between	yourself	and	anyone	you	meet.
Feel	what	the	other
person	feels
.	If	you	do	this	without	judging,	then	the	same	thing
	always
happens.	You	realize,
I’ve	felt	that	way	too
.	Now	you	are	in	harmony.
It’s	human	nature	to	sit	in	judgment,	but	it’s	also	human	nature	to	rise	above
judgment.	The	choice	is	yours.	Judging	means	making	somebody	else
inferior.	If	you	can’t	stand	it	because	somebody	around	you	is	crying	or
depressed	or	criticizing	all	the	time,	stop	and	ask	yourself,	“Am	I	better	than
that?”	If	you	say	yes,	you	are	judging	them.	And	they	know	it,	because	in
their	heart	they	read	your	secret	feeling	of	superiority.
Yet	the	truth	is	that	all	of	us	have	cried,	thrown	an	angry	fit,	and	criticized
others.	Feelings	happen.	When	you	accept	them	as	a	part	of	life,	you	can
begin	to	accept	other	people,	and	in	time
all
	people,	from	the	heart.	I
sometimes	think	the	world	could	be	changed	overnight	if	the	Golden	Rule
said,	“Feel	about	others	as	you	would	have	them	feel	about	you.”	Certainly
this	is	what	my	heart	is	thinking,	and	yours,	too,	if	I	am	not	mistaken.The	Way	of	the	Mind
Y
our	soul	is	always	sending	you	messages,”	Baba	remarked.	“Some	everyday
thoughts	are	actually	these	soul	messages.	Did	you	know	that?	They	are	the
second	way	your	soul	wants	you	to	live	by	the	way	of	the	mind.”
I	had	gotten	very	hungry	and	yet	before	I	told	him,	Baba	produced