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README.md
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---
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license: mit
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task_categories:
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- text-classification
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language:
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- en
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tags:
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- social_media
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- politics
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pretty_name: Classifying Social Media Comments
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size_categories:
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- 10K<n<100K
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---
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---
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# **Description**
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This dataset was created in an attempt to understand the nature of social media commentary beyond the usual
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'positive', 'negative', 'neutral' labels. Below is a description of the sources, labels and methods used to
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create the dataset
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## **Sources**
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The social media comments available in this data have been pulled from the following sources
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- You Tube
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- Hacker News
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- MetaFilter
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- Reddit
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- BlueSky
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## **Labels**
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**Argumentative**
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- Makes specific claims, predictions, or assertions supported by reasoning
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- Uses evidence, anecdotes, or scenarios to build a case
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- The key distinction from Opinion: there's an attempt to *persuade* or *explain why*, not just state a position
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**Informational**
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- Shares facts, data, links, or context relevant to the discussion
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- Low emotional affect — the comment is trying to *inform*, not convince or react
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- Includes answering another commenter's question with factual content
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- The key distinction from Argumentative: presenting information without advocating for a position
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**Opinion**
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- States a value judgment, stance, or take without substantial reasoning
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- "This is good/bad/wrong/overrated" — the comment *asserts* but doesn't *argue*
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- The key distinction from Argumentative: no real attempt to persuade or support the claim
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- The key distinction from Expressive: the comment is making a point, not just reacting
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**Expressive**
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- Emotional reactions, sarcasm, jokes, venting, exclamations
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- The comment is primarily *expressing feeling* rather than making a point
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- Includes performative agreement/disagreement ("THIS," "lol exactly," "what a joke")
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- The key distinction from Opinion: no identifiable stance being taken, just affect
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**Neutral**
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- Clarifying or rhetorical questions, meta-commentary, off-topic remarks
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- Comments that don't clearly fit the other four categories
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- Includes simple factual questions directed at other commenters
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## **Methods**
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**Collection**
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The social media comments were pulled from posts in the above sources that fit the following criteria
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- Search query was 'politics' or 'US Politics'
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- Data range varied from 2024 to mid-Feb of 2026 depending on the nature of the site. For instance Reddit is
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heavily trafficked and the daily rate limit was hit for posts pulled in just the first two weeks of Feb, while
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Metafilter posts were pulled from as far back as 2024
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- Posts with less than 10 comments were ignored, and no more than 300 comments were pulled from any one post
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**Labeling**
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A sample of 100 comments were independently labeled by 2 of our group, then compared and revised. The rest were
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sent via the Batch API to 3 language models: Gemini Flash 3, Chat GPT 5.1 and Calude Haiku 4.5. Included in the
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prompt were 10 examples of correctly labeled samples and 10 examples of samples that had been incorrectly labeled
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with the correct label provided. The comments that had an agreement of 2 or more models were kept with the
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reamining comments set aside for evaluation
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**Processing**
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- Approximately 2-3k duplicate comments were removed
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- NaN's were removed
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- Emojis were converted into text using the `emoji` package
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- Text was converted to lower case
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- Remaining HTML artifacts were removed
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- URL links were replaced with a '[URL]' tag
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- Some comments contained escaped characters, these were converted back e.g. (&/quot; -> ")
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## **Dataset_info:**
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**Features:**
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- text -> string
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- label
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**Splits:**
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- name: train
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- num_bytes: 10.19 Mb
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- num_examples: 49,268
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- name: test
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- num_bytes: 2.19 Mb
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- num_examples: 10,558
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- name: valid
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- num_bytes: 2.19 Mb
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- num_examples: 10,557
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- download_size: 9.16 Mb
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- dataset_size: 14.57 Mb
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**Configs:**
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config_name: default
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data_files:
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- split: train
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path: data/train-*
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- split: test
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path: data/test-*
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- split: valid
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path: data/valid-*
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**label2id:**
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Neutral: 0
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Opinion: 1
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Argumentative: 2
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Expressive: 3
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Informational: 4
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**id2label:**
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0: Neutral
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1: Opinion
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2: Argumentative
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3: Expressive
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4: Informational
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---
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