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-原文,译文
-A-A segment,寰枢节段
-A-O joint,寰枕关节
-ABCDEFW acronym,ABCDEFW缩略语
-"Abdomen, lumbar region and",腹部，腰区
-Abdominal aortic aneurysm,腹主动脉瘤
-Abnormal end-feels,异常运动终末感
-Abnormal sensation,感觉异常
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Accessory movements,附属运动
-analytical assessment of,分析评估
-of elbow region,肘区
-of foot and ankle,踝足
-of hip region,髋区
-of knee region,膝区
-modifications to,改良
-of shoulder region,肩区
-of temporomandibular joint,颞下颌关节
-of upper cervical region,上颈椎区
-as combined technique,作为组合技术
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-Acromioclavicular joint,肩锁关节
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-Active compression test,主动加压测试
-Active listening,主动倾听
-Active movements,主动运动
-examination on,检查
-of muscle,肌肉
-Active physiological movements,主动生理运动
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-combined movements and,组合运动
-differentiation tests for,鉴别试验
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in hip region,在髋区
-injuring movement and,导致损伤的运动
-of knee region,膝区
-of lumbar region,腰区
-modifications to examination of,改良测试
-overpressure and,过压
-of pelvis,骨盆
-repeated movements and,重复性运动
-in shoulder,在肩部
-speed of movements and,运动速度
-standard active testing in,标准主动测试
-sustained movements and,持续运动
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-differentiation and symptom,鉴别与症状
-modification for,改良
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-Active range of motion (AROM),主动关节活动度（AROM）
-Active straight-leg raise (ASLR) test,主动直腿抬高测试（ASLR）
-for pelvis,骨盆
-Active trigger point,激痛点
-Adaptation of techniques,技术的适应性
-Adaptive coping strategies,适应不良的应对策略
-Adson’s manoeuvre,Adson加压测试
-Adson’s test,Adson测试
-Advanced cognitive skills,高级认知技能
-"Advice, offering, in assessment findings",主动的，提供，评估结果
-Affective touch,情感式触摸
-"Aggravating factors, of symptoms",加重因素，症状
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Alar ligaments,翼状韧带
-Allen test,Allen测试
-Allodynia,痛觉过敏
-Analgesia,镇痛
-Ankle jerk,踝反射
-Ankle joint,踝关节
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-"measurement of,",测量
-using figure-of-eight,使用“8”字
-mobilizations with movement,关节松动伴主动运动
-dorsiflexion,背屈
-plantarflexion,跖屈
-pain in,疼痛
-Ankylosing spondylitis,强直性脊柱炎
-Antalgic gait,减痛步态
-Anterior drawer test,前抽屉试验
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-for knee region,用于膝区
-Anterior gapping test,前间隙测试
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-Anterior impingement sign,前方撞击征
-of talocrural joint,踝关节
-Anterior interosseous syndrome,骨间前综合征
-Anterior stability tests,前方稳定测试
-Anteroposterior glide,前后向滑动
-of sacroiliac joint,骶髂关节
-Anticoagulant therapy,抗凝治疗
-Aortic aneurysm,主动脉瘤
-Apprehension test,恐惧试验
-for shoulder instability,用于肩关节不稳
-Arcuate-popliteus complex,腘弓状复合体
-injury to,损伤
-Arthritic conditions,关节炎
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Arthrogenic gait,关节源性步态
-‘Ask-Offer-Ask’ approach,“询问-提供-询问”法
-Assessment,评估
-activity and participation capabilities and restrictions,活动和参与能力及受限
-clinical impression in,临床印象
-clinical reasoning and,临床推理
-contributing factors to development and maintenance of problem in,问题的促发因素和维护
-decision-making and,决策
-development in,发展
-management strategy and treatment planning of,管理策略和治疗计划
-pathobiological mechanisms of,病理生物学机制
-pain,疼痛
-tissue responses and healing,组织反应和愈合
-patient’s perspectives on their experience in,患者对其体验的看法
-"person’s story and, entering into",个人故事，进入
-physical examination in,体格检查
-precautions/contraindications to,注意事项/禁忌症
-physical impairments and associated structure/tissue sources of,躯体损伤和相关结构/组织来源
-prognosis of,预后
-severity and irritability in,严重性和激惹性
-source of symptoms and,症状来源
-Atlantoaxial joint,寰枢关节
-Atlantooccipital joint,寰枕关节
-"Attitude, patient’s, observation of",态度，患者的，视诊
-Audio-recording consultations,录音咨询
-Auscultation,听诊
-Automatic motivation,自动激励
-Axial compression test (grind test),轴向加压试验（研磨试验）
-"Axillary nerve, of upper arm",腋神经，上肢
-Axioscapular muscles,脊柱-肩胛肌
-Babinski response,巴彬斯基反应
-Babinski sign,巴彬斯基征
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Baer’s point,Baer点
-Balance,平衡
-for hip region examination,用于髋区的检查
-for knee region examination,用于膝区的检查
-Behaviour change wheel,行为改变轮
-Behaviour of symptoms,症状表现
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Beighton 9-point score,Beighton 9点评分
-"Biceps femoris tendon, injury to",股二头肌肌腱，损伤
-Biceps jerk,肱二头肌腱反射
-Biceps load tests I and II,肱二头肌负荷测试Ⅰ和Ⅱ
-"Biceps tests, for shoulder region",肱二头肌测试，用于肩区
-Bicipital tendinopathy,肱二头肌腱病
-Speed’s test for,Speed测试
-"Biopsychosocial model, of health",生物-心理-社会模型，健康
-"Bite test, for temporomandibular joint",咬合测试，用于颞下颌关节
-Black flags,黑旗征
-Blood pressure,血压
-cervical arterial dysfunction and,颈动脉功能障碍
-cervicothoracic region and,颈胸区
-Blood tests,验血
-Blue flags,蓝旗征
-"Body, division of",躯体，划分
-Body chart,身体图示
-of abnormal sensations,异常感觉
-"of area of current symptoms,",当前症状区
-of areas relevant to the region being examined,检查部位相关区
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-of elbow region,肘区
-of foot and ankle,足踝
-area of current symptoms,当前症状区
-area relevant to region being examined,检查部位相关区
-of hip region,髋区
-of knee region,用于膝区
-for examination,检查
-of lumbar region,腰区
-area of current symptoms,当前症状区
-area relevant to region being examined,检查部位相关区
-constant or intermittent symptoms in,持续或间歇性症状
-intensity of pain,疼痛强度
-relationship of symptoms in,症状间关系
-of shoulder,肩部
-of temporomandibular joint,颞下颌关节
-of thoracic region,胸区
-of upper cervical region,上颈椎区
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-"Bones, prominence of, palpation and",骨，突出，触诊
-"Bony alignment, observation of",骨性力线，视诊
-Bouchard’s nodes,Bouchard结节
-Boutonnière deformity of fingers or thumb,手指或拇指的纽扣畸形
-Brachial plexus,臂丛
-palpation of,触诊
-"Bruising, observation of, in elbow region",挫伤，视诊，在肘区
-Bruxism,磨牙症
-temporomandibular joint and,颞下颌关节
-Building strong relationship,建立牢固的关系
-in communication,交流
-Bunionette (tailor’s bunion),小趾囊炎（裁缝踇囊炎）
-Bursitis,滑囊炎
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Buttock pain,臀部疼痛
-mechanism of injury in,损伤机制
-C-reactive protein (CRP),C反应蛋白
-C1,寰椎
-nerve roots,神经根
-C2,枢椎
-C2-3,颈2-3关节
-CAD,颈动脉功能障碍
-"Call, starting the, in remote consultations",呼叫，启动，远程咨询
-Cancer,癌症
-history of,病史
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Capsular pattern,关节囊模式
-of glenohumeral joint,盂肱关节
-Cardiovascular disease,心血管疾病
-history of,病史
-lumbar region and,腰区
-Carpal bone,腕骨
-palpation of,触诊
-ten-point movement test for,十点运动测试
-Carpal compression test,腕管加压测试
-modified,改良的
-Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS),腕管综合征
-in median nerve compression,正中神经卡压
-as night symptoms,作为夜间症状
-Carpometacarpal joints,腕掌关节
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-active physiological movements of,主动生理运动
-movement at,运动
-osteoarthritis of,骨关节炎
-Cauda equina compression,马尾受压
-Cauda equina syndrome (CES),马尾综合征
-screening for,筛查
-CCS (Craniocervical spine),头颈关节
-Central nervous system testing,中枢神经系统测试
-for cervicothoracic region,用于颈胸区
-for thoracic region,用于胸区
-Central sensitization,中枢敏化
-Cervical arterial dysfunction (CAD),颈动脉功能障碍
-cranial-nerve examination for,颅神经检查
-early features of,早期症状
-history of,病史
-ischaemic presentation of,缺血性表现
-preischaemic stage of,缺血前阶段
-risk factors for,危险因素
-temporomandibular joint and,颞下颌关节
-testing for,测试
-blood pressure,血压
-functional positional testing,功能定位测试
-proprioception tests,本体感觉测试
-pulse palpation,切脉
-Cervical arterial system,颈动脉系统
-Cervical joint position error tests,颈椎关节位置误差测试
-Cervical plexus,颈丛
-Cervical spine,颈椎
-combined movement to,联合运动
-definition of,定义
-fracture,骨折
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-overpressure to,过压
-red-flag screening for,筛查红旗征
-symptoms from,症状源
-in elbow region,在肘区
-wrist and hand symptoms referred to,腕手部症状
-Cervical traction,颈椎牵引
-Cervicogenic dizziness (CGD),颈源性眩晕
-Cervicogenic headache (CGH),颈源性头痛
-clinical assessment in,临床评估
-supportive criteria in,支持性标准
-Cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-abnormal sensation in,感觉异常
-active physiological movements of,主动生理运动
-aggravating factors in,加重因素
-area of current symptoms in,当前症状区
-areas relevant to region being examined,检查部位相关区
-behaviour of symptoms in,症状表现
-body chart of,身体图示
-case study,案例学习
-completion of examination of,完成检查
-constant or intermittent symptoms in,持续或间歇性症状
-definition of,定义
-differential diagnosis in,鉴别诊断
-drug history and,用药史
-easing factors of,缓解因素
-family history and,家族史
-general health in,健康状况
-history of current complaint in,当前主诉的病史
-integrity of nervous system and,神经系统的完整性
-intensity of pain in,疼痛强度
-"investigations, injections and imaging in",调查，注射和影像
-isometric muscle testing of,等长肌力测试
-movement control of,运动控制
-muscle tests in,肌力测试
-natural apophyseal glides in,生理性小面关节滑动
-neurodynamic tests of,神经动力学测试
-neurological symptoms in,神经症状
-neurological tests of,神经测试
-observation of,视诊
-formal,正规的
-informal,非正规的
-palpation of,触诊
-passive accessory intervertebral movements of,椎间关节被动附属运动
-passive intervertebral examination of,椎间关节被动检查
-past medical history in,既往史
-pattern recognition in,识别模式
-physical examination of,体格检查
-plan of,计划
-presenting condition in,现状
-quality of pain in,疼痛性质
-relationship of symptoms in,症状间关系
-reversed natural apophyseal glides in,生理性小面关节反向滑动
-sensorimotor tests for,感觉运动测试
-special questions about,特殊问题
-state of condition of,状况
-subjective examination of,主观检查
-sustained natural apophyseal glides in,持续生理性小面关节滑动
-twenty-four-hour behaviour of symptoms in,24小时症状表现
-vascular symptoms in,血管症状
-CES. See Cauda equina syndrome,马尾综合征
-CGD. See Cervicogenic dizziness,颈源性眩晕
-CGH. See Cervicogenic headache,颈源性头痛
-Chair push-up test,座椅撑起试验
-Chronic regional pain syndrome,慢性局部疼痛综合征
-"Chronicity, risk factors for",危险因素
-"Circulation, of wrist and hand, tests for",循环，腕手，试验
-Clarke test,Clarke试验
-Clavicular fibres,锁骨部纤维
-length testing of,长度测试
-Claw hand,爪形手
-Claw-toe deformity,爪趾畸形
-"Clenching, temporomandibular joint and",咬紧，颞下颌关节
-"Clicking, temporomandibular joint and",弹响声，颞下颌关节
-Clinical prediction rules (CPRs),临床预测规则
-of spinal manipulation,脊柱手法
-criteria for,标准
-Clinical reasoning,临床推理
-activity and participation capabilities and restrictions and,活动和参与能力及受限
-clinical impression in,临床印象
-complex process of,复杂过程
-contributing factors to development and maintenance of problem in,问题的促发因素和维护
-"form of, using hypothesis categories",形式，使用假设分类
-management strategy and treatment planning of,管理策略和治疗计划
-pathobiological mechanisms of,病理生物学机制
-pain,疼痛
-tissue responses and healing,组织反应和愈合
-patient’s perspectives on their experience in,患者对其体验的看法
-"person’s story and, entering into",个人故事，进入
-for physical examination in,体格检查
-precautions/contraindications to,注意事项/禁忌症
-physical impairments and associated structure/tissue sources of,躯体损伤和相关结构/组织来源
-process of,过程
-prognosis of,预后
-severity and irritability in,严重性和激惹性
-source of symptoms and,症状来源
-in working hypotheses,工作假说
-"Clinical stage, of cancer",临床分期，癌症
-"Clinicians, additional, in building strong relationship",临床医师，额外的，建立牢固的关系
-Clonus,阵挛
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in nerve tests,在神经测试中
-in reflex testing,在反射检查中
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Cognitive functional therapy,认知功能疗法
-Collaborative reasoning,协作推理
-Collateral ligament testing,副韧带检查
-"lateral, in elbow region",外侧，在肘区
-"medial, in elbow region",内侧，在肘区
-Collateral stability tests,侧方稳定测试
-Colles fracture,Colles骨折
-Combined movements,组合运动
-to cervical spine,颈椎
-Comfort of performance of technique,技术表现的舒适性
-Common peroneal nerve palpation,腓总神经触诊
-Communication,交流
-active listening,主动倾听
-of assessment findings,评估结果
-changing behaviour,改变行为
-decision-making,决策
-shared,分享
-goal setting,目标制定
-motivational interviewing,动机性访谈
-offering advice,提供建议
-perceptions of diagnosis,诊断感知
-treatment options,治疗方案
-in building strong relationship,建立牢固的关系
-additional companions,额外陪伴
-"clinicians, additional,",临床医师，其他
-first impressions,第一印象
-meeting and greeting,见面和问候
-"effective, skills for",有效的，技能
-empathy,移情
-environment preparation,环境准备
-hand and,手
-initial contact,初次接触
-in negotiating an exit,协商退出
-opening questions and agenda setting,开场白和议程设置
-in person-focused (patient-centered care),以人（患者）为中心
-in physical examination,体格检查
-providing feedback,提供反馈
-role of touch in communication,触觉在沟通中的作用
-signposting,指示
-undress negotiation,坦白谈判
-in physiotherapy consultations,在物理治疗咨询中
-challenging conversations,具有挑战性的对话
-documenting psychological distress,记录心理困扰
-interruptions,中断
-question styles,问题风格
-in remote consultations,远程咨询
-clear signposting,明确的指示
-gaining consent,获得同意
-starting the call,开始通话
-technology concerns,技术问题
-self preparation,自我准备
-suggestions when assessing patient with irritable conditions,评估易激惹状态患者的建议
-with severe conditions,伴严重状态
-Communication skills,沟通技巧
-practical guides to,实践指南
-Companions,同伴
-in building strong relationship,建立牢固的关系
-Complex classification systems,复杂的分类系统
-Complex regional pain syndrome 1(CRPS 1),复杂性区域疼痛综合征1
-Compression,压力
-to cervical spine,颈椎
-"pattern, regular",模式，规律
-"Compression neuropathy, testing for",神经卡压，测试
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Compression test/posterior gapping,加压测试/后间隙
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-Computed tomography (CT),计算机断层扫描
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-Concave-convex rule,凹凸定律
-Consent,赞成
-in remote consultations,远程咨询
-Constant pain,持续疼痛
-Constant symptoms,持续症状
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-"Contact, initial",联系，首次
-Contract buttock,臀部收缩
-"Contraindications, to physical examination",禁忌症，体格检查
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-to physical examination,体格检查
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Contributing factors,影响因素
-for patient’s symptoms,对患者的症状
-"Conversations, challenging, in physiotherapy consultations",交谈，挑战，在物理治疗咨询
-"Coordination, in nerve tests",协调，神经测试
-Coping strategies,应对策略
-"Cord compression, red-flag screening for",筛查红旗征
-Cortical spreading depression (CSD),皮层传播抑制
-"Costochondral joints, accessory movements in",附属运动
-Cozen’s test,Cozen测试
-CPRs. See Clinical prediction rules,临床预测规则
-Cranial nerve disorders,颅神经疾病
-temporomandibular joint and,颞下颌关节
-Cranial nerve examination,颅神经检查
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-Craniocervical extension test,头颈后伸测试
-Craniocervical flexion test,头颈屈曲测试
-Craniocervical spine (CCS),头颈关节
-muscle group,肌群
-neurological conductivity testing for,神经传导测试
-stability,稳定性
-symptoms associated with,相关症状
-Crepitus,捻发音
-with groin pain,腹沟股疼痛
-in knee region,在膝区
-CRP. See C-reactive protein,C反应蛋白
-CSD. See Cortical spreading depression,皮层传播抑制
-CTS. See Carpal tunnel syndrome,腕管综合征
-Cubital tunnel syndrome,肘管综合征
-elbow flexion test for,屈肘测试
-Cubital valgus,肘外翻
-Cubital varus,肘内翻
-Cutaneous nerve,皮神经
-"supply to face, head, and neck",支配面部、头部和颈部
-supply to trunk,支配躯干
-DASH. See Disabilities of the Arm,DASH量表，上肢残疾评估
-Shoulder and Hand,肩和手
-De Quervain disease,狭窄性腱鞘炎
-area of current symptoms in,当前症状区
-tests for,测试
-Decision-making,决策
-development in,发展
-shared,分享
-Deep cervical extensors,颈深伸肌群
-Test,测试
-Deep cervical flexors,颈深屈肌群
-strength testing of,肌力测试
-Deep cervical muscle testing,颈深肌测试
-for cervicothoracic region,用于颈胸区
-for upper cervical region,用于上颈椎区
-Deep craniocervical flexors,头颈深屈肌
-Deep occipital muscles,枕深肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-"Deep-vein thrombosis, suspected",深静脉血栓，疑似的
-Wells score for,Well评分
-"Degenerative conditions, of ankle",退行性疾病，踝
-Demonstration,证明
-Dental disorders,牙科疾病
-temporomandibular joint and,颞下颌关节
-Dental occlusion,牙齿咬合
-temporomandibular joint and,颞下颌关节
-Dermatomes,皮节
-associated with thoracic spinal nerves,与胸椎脊神经相关
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-of elbow region,肘区
-of head and neck,头颈
-of lower limb nerves,下肢神经
-test for,测试
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-for hip region,用于髋区
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-for temporomandibular joint,用于颞下颌关节
-of thoracic region,胸区
-of upper cervical region,上颈椎区
-of upper limb nerves,上肢神经
-of wrist and hand examination,腕手检查
-Dexterity tests,灵巧性测试
-Diabetes mellitus,糖尿病
-history of,病史
-lumbar region and,腰区
-red flag and,红旗征
-wrist and hand examination and,腕手检查
-Dial test,胫骨外旋测试
-Differentiation testing,鉴别测试
-for active physiological movements,主动生理运动
-in elbow region,在肘区
-for thoracic region,用于胸区
-Disabilities of the Arm,上肢残疾
-Shoulder and Hand (DASH),肩和手
-"Disability, health and, hypothesis categories framework of",残疾，健康，假设分类框架
-"Distraction, to cervical spine",分离，颈椎
-Distraction/anterior gapping test,分离/前间隙测试
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-Dizziness,眩晕
-from cervicothoracic region,源于颈胸区
-differential diagnosis of,鉴别诊断
-upper cervical spine,上颈椎
-whiplash-related,挥鞭伤相关
-"Dorsal horn, pathways of, underlying referred pain",背角，通路，潜在的牵涉痛
-"Dorsal scapular nerve, palpation of",触诊
-Double adductor test,双重内收肌测试
-for hip region,用于髋区
-Drawer test,抽屉试验
-anterior,前向
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-for knee region,用于膝区
-posterior,后向
-"for knee region,",用于膝区
-for shoulder instability,用于肩关节不稳
-Drop-foot gait,跨阈步态
-Drug history,用药史
-Drug therapy,药物治疗
-lumbar region and,腰区
-in subjective examination,主观检查
-Dupuytren’s contracture,杜普征氏掌挛缩
-of palmar fascia,掌筋膜
-Dynamic loading and distraction,动态负荷和分离
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-Dysaesthesia,感觉障碍
-Ear symptoms,耳部症状
-temporomandibular joint and,颞下颌关节
-"Ease of performance, of technique",易于执行，技术
-Easing factors,缓解因素
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-EAST. See Elevated arm stress test,抬臂压力测试
-EBP. See Evidence-based practice,循证实践
-Effective communication skills,沟通技巧
-Effectiveness of technique performance,技术实施的有效性
-"Effusion, palpation and",积液，触诊
-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome,埃勒斯-当洛斯综合征（弹力过度性皮肤）
-Eichhoff test,Eichhoff试验
-Elbow flexion test,屈肘测试
-for cubital tunnel syndrome,用于肘关综合征
-Elbow joint,肘关节
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-Elbow ligamentous injuries,肘部韧带损伤
-"Elbow region, examination of,",肘区，检查
-accessory movements in,附属运动
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-behaviour of symptoms in,症状表现
-aggravating factors,加重因素
-easing factors,缓解因素
-stage of the condition,状态阶段
-twenty-four-hour,24小时
-body chart in,身体图示
-abnormal sensation,感觉异常
-area of current symptoms,当前症状区
-areas relevant to the region being examined,检查部位相关区
-constant or intermittent symptoms,持续或间歇性症状
-intensity of pain,疼痛强度
-quality of pain,疼痛性质
-relationship of symptoms,症状间关系
-case study on,案例学习
-causes of pain and/or limitation of movement in,疼痛和/或活动受限的原因
-completion of,完成
-functional testing in,功能性测试
-joint integrity tests in,关节完整性测试
-muscle strength testing in,肌力测试
-muscle tests in,肌力测试
-observation in,视诊
-palpation in,触诊
-passive physiological movements in,被动生理运动
-"patients’ perspective, on experience,",患者观点，基于经验
-physical,物理的
-accessory movements in,附属运动
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-completion of,完成
-developing working and alternative hypotheses in,发展工作和替代假说
-functional testing in,功能性测试
-joint integrity tests in,关节完整性测试
-muscle tests in,肌力测试
-palpation in,触诊
-passive physiological movements in,被动生理运动
-plan of,计划
-precautions and contraindications for,注意事项和禁忌症
-predominant pain mechanism in,主要疼痛机制
-sequence and extent of,顺序和范围
-vascular considerations in,血管注意事项
-"present condition, history of",病史
-special questions for,特殊问题
-drug history in,用药史
-elbow stiffness or arthritic conditions in,肘关节僵硬或炎症状态
-past medical and family history in,家族史
-radiography and medical imaging in,放射学与医学影像
-sudden swelling in,突发肿胀
-subjective,主观
-behaviour of symptoms in,症状表现
-body chart in,身体图示
-drug history in,用药史
-"patients’ perspective, on experience",患者观点，基于经验
-"present condition, history of",现状，病史
-special/screening questions in,特殊/筛查问题
-vascular considerations in,血管注意事项
-Elbow tendinopathy,肘部肌腱病变
-"lateral, symptom modification for",外侧，症状改善
-medial,内侧
-Elevated arm stress test (EAST),抬臂压力测试
-Empathy,移情
-Empty-can test,倒罐试验
-for supraspinatus tear or tendinopathy,用于冈上肌撕裂或肌腱病变
-End-feels,运动终末感
-abnormal,异常
-normal,正常
-"Epilepsy, history of",病史
-Erector spinae,竖脊肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-muscle length of,肌长度
-Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),红细胞沉降率
-ESR. See Erythrocyte sedimentation rate,红细胞沉降率
-Evening symptoms,夜间症状
-"in cervicothoracic region,",在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in shoulder region,在肩区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Evidence-based practice (EBP),循证实践
-"Extension, to cervical spine",后伸，颈椎
-Extensor carpi radialis brevis,桡侧腕短伸肌
-External rotation stress test,外旋应力试验
-Extrinsic muscle tightness,外在肌紧张度
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-Eye contact,眼神接触
-in nonverbal behaviours,非言语行为中
-FABER test. See Flexion abduction external rotation (FABER) test,屈曲外展外旋试验
-FABQ. See Fear avoidance belief questionnaire,恐惧回避信念问卷
-"Face, symmetry of, test of",面部，对称，测试
-Facet joint,小关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Facial chart,面部图
-for recording head and facial symptoms,记录头面部症状
-FADDIR. See Flexion adduction internal rotation,屈曲内收内旋试验
-FAI. See Femoroacetabular impingement,股骨髋臼撞击征
-Fairbank’s apprehension test,Fairbank恐惧试验（髌骨脱位试验）
-Family history,家族史
-in cervicothoracic region examination,在颈胸区的检查
-in elbow region examination,在肘区的检查
-in lumbar region examination,在腰区的检查
-in subjective examination,主观检查
-FBC. See Full blood count,全细胞计数
-FDS. See Flexor digitorum superficialis,指浅屈肌
-Fear avoidance behaviours,恐惧回避行为
-Fear avoidance belief questionnaire (FABQ),恐惧回避信念问卷
-"Feedback, during physical examination",反馈，在体格检查中
-"Feelings, patient’s, observation of",感受，患者的，视诊
-Femoral nerve slump test,股神经塌陷测试
-Femoral nerve tension test in sidelying,侧卧位股神经张力测试
-Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI),股骨髋臼撞击征
-Fibromyalgia syndrome,纤维肌痛综合征
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Figure-of-eight measurement,“8”字测量
-of ankle,踝
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-Finger-nose tests,指鼻试验
-Fingers,手指
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-muscle strength testing in,肌力测试
-Finkelstein test,Finkelstein测试
-for De Quervain’s disease,用于狭窄性腱鞘炎
-First impressions,第一印象
-in building strong relationship,建立牢固的关系
-good consultation as,良好的咨询
-handshakes as,握手
-nonverbal behaviours as,非言语行为
-prosody as,韵律
-small talk as,闲聊
-Flat-back posture,躺平姿势
-Flatfoot deformity,扁平足畸形
-"Flexion, to cervical spine",屈曲，颈椎
-Flexion abduction external rotation (FABER) test,屈曲外展外旋试验
-for hip region,用于髋区
-Flexion adduction internal rotation (FADDIR),屈曲内收内旋试验
-Flexion-extension PPIVM,被动的椎间屈伸生理运动
-Flexion-rotation test,屈曲旋转测试
-Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS),指浅屈肌
-test for,测试
-Foot and ankle,足踝
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-anatomical and functional overview,解剖和功能概述
-body chart,身体图示
-area of current symptoms,当前症状区
-area relevant to region being examined,检查部位相关区
-case study on,案例学习
-completion of examination,完成检查
-constant or intermittent symptoms in,持续或间歇性症状
-dorsiflexion,背屈
-dysfunction,功能障碍
-eversion,外翻
-function of,功能
-functional testing of,功能性测试
-history of present condition and,现病史
-intensity of pain,疼痛强度
-joint integrity tests of,关节完整性测试
-mobilizations with movement,关节松动伴主动运动
-symptom modification and,症状改善
-muscle tests for,肌力测试
-length,长度
-strength,肌力
-neurological symptoms of,神经症状
-neurological tests for,神经测试
-integrity of nervous system,神经系统的完整性
-nerve palpation,神经触诊
-neurodynamic tests,神经动力学测试
-reflex testing,反射检查
-observation of,视诊
-alignment,对位
-formal,正规的
-gait,步态
-informal,非正规的
-of muscle form,肌肉形态
-of posture,姿势
-of soft tissue,软组织
-outcome measures of,结局指标
-palpation,触诊
-nerve,神经
-past medical history,既往史
-physical examination for,体格检查
-physiological movements of active,主动生理运动
-passive,被动的
-quality of symptoms in,症状性质
-radiograph and medical imaging for,放射学与医学影像
-relationship of symptoms in,症状间关系
-serious pathology of,严重病变
-social history and,社会史
-subjective examination of,主观检查
-patients’ perspective,患者观点
-special questions,特殊问题
-"symptoms, referred from",症状，源于
-symptoms behaviour of,症状表现
-aggravating factors,加重因素
-easing factors,缓解因素
-twenty-four-hour,24小时
-vascular tests of,血管测试
-Forearm,前臂
-muscle strength testing in,肌力测试
-pronation and supination,旋前和旋后
-in mobilizations with movement,在关节松动伴主动运动中
-Formal observation,正规的视诊
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Fracture,骨折
-Fracture test,骨折测试
-for hip region,用于髋区
-Froment’s sign,Froment征
-for elbow region,用于肘区
-for ulnar nerve paralysis,用于尺神经麻痹
-Fulcrum test,Fulcrum试验（仰卧恐惧试验）
-for hip region,用于髋区
-Full blood count (FBC),全细胞计数
-Full-can test,满罐试验
-for supraspinatus tear or tendinopathy,用于冈上肌撕裂或肌腱病变
-Function observation,功能观察
-for hip region,用于髋区
-Functional ability,功能能力
-Functional reach tests,功能性前伸测试
-Functional testing,功能性测试
-for elbow region,用于肘区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-for wrist and hand,用于腕手
-Gaenslen’s/pelvic torsion test,Gaenslen/骨盆扭转测试
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-Gait,步态
-in foot and ankle examination,在足踝的检查
-in hip region examination,在髋区的检查
-in knee region examination,在膝区的检查
-observation of,视诊
-Gait analysis,步态分析
-Gait cycle,步行周期
-Gastrocnemius,腓肠肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-muscle length of,肌长度
-Gaze stability,凝视稳定性
-General health,健康状况
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in wrist and hand examination,在腕手的检查
-Genu valgum,膝外翻
-Genu varum,膝内翻
-Gerber ‘lift-off’,Gerber“抬离”试验
-for subscapularis tendinopathy,用于肩胛下肌肌腱病
-Gifford’s mature organism model of reasoning,Gifford成熟生物推理模型
-"Gillet test, for pelvis",Gillet试验，用于骨盆
-Glenohumeral joint,盂肱关节
-accessory movements to,附属运动
-capsular pattern of,关节囊模式
-instability,不稳
-Global mobilizers,整体驱动肌
-Global stabilizer,整体稳定肌
-Gluteal tendinopathy,臀肌肌腱病
-Gluteus maximus,臀大肌
-gait,步态
-strength testing of,肌力测试
-Gluteus medius,臀中肌
-gait,步态
-"posterior, strength testing of",后方，肌力测试
-Gluteus minimus,臀小肌
-strength testing of,肌力测试
-Goal setting,目标制定
-in assessment findings,评估结果
-Golfer’s elbow,高尔夫球肘
-muscle length in,肌长度
-test for,测试
-"Good consultation, first impressions and",良好的咨询，第一印象
-Gout,痛风
-Gradual symptom onset,渐进起病
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Greeting,问候
-in building strong relationship,建立牢固的关系
-Grind test,研磨试验
-‘Grip and grind’ test,“抓握和研磨”试验
-Grip strength,握力
-Groin,腹股沟
-hernia,疝
-locking/catching in,锁定/捕捉
-lumbar region and,腰区
-pain,疼痛
-with crepitus,捻发音
-mechanism of injury,损伤机制
-sports-related,运动相关
-sports-related chronic,运动相关的慢病
-on squatting,蹲
-Gut-feeling response,直觉反应
-Guyon’s canal,尺神经管
-palpation on,触诊
-Haemarthrosis,血肿
-in knee region,在膝区
-Haglund’s deformity,Haglund畸形（跟腱末端病）
-Hallux rigidus,𧿹僵直
-Hallux valgus,𧿹外翻
-Hammer-toe deformity,锤状趾畸形
-Hamstrings,腘绳肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-muscle length of,肌长度
-Hand,手
-deformities of,畸形
-neurological symptoms of,神经症状
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Handling improvement tips,处理改进提示
-Handshakes,握手
-first impressions and,第一印象
-Hautant’s test,Hautant测试
-Hawkins-Kennedy test,Hawkins-Kennedy撞击试验
-Headache,头痛
-cervicogenic,颈源性
-differential diagnosis of,鉴别诊断
-sustained natural apophyseal glides for,持续的生理性小面关节滑动
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-Headache Disability Index Questionnaire,头痛残疾指数问卷
-"Healing, tissue response and",愈合，组织反应
-Health,健康
-biopsychosocial model of,生物-心理-社会模型
-"disability and, hypothesis categories",残疾，假设分类
-framework of,框架
-Heberden’s nodes,Heberden结节
-Heel-shin sliding tests,跟胫滑动测试
-Heel-to-knee test,跟膝胫测试
-Herpes zoster,带状疱疹
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Hip joint,髋关节
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-Hip region,髋区
-accessory movements in,附属运动
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-body chart of,身体图示
-area of current symptoms,当前症状区
-areas relevant to region being examined,检查部位相关区
-case study,案例学习
-completion of examination of,完成检查
-constant or intermittent symptoms in,持续或间歇性症状
-extraarticular structure tests for,关节外结构测试
-double adductor test,双重内收肌测试
-gluteal tendinopathy,臀肌肌腱病
-resisted external derotation test,抗阻反向外旋测试
-sports-related chronic groin pain,运动相关的慢性腹股沟疼痛
-squeeze test,挤压试验
-sustained single-leg stance,持续单腿站立
-flexion,屈曲
-history of present condition in,现病史
-impingement,撞击
-intraarticular structure tests for,关节内结构测试
-flexion abduction external rotation (FABER) test,屈曲外展外旋试验
-flexion adduction internal rotation (FADDIR) test,屈曲内收内旋试验
-fracture test,骨折测试
-fulcrum test,Fulcrum试验（仰卧恐惧试验）
-hip impingement test,髋关节撞击试验
-internal rotation over pressure (IROP) test,内旋过压测试
-muscle tests for,肌力测试
-isometric testing,等长测试
-muscle control,肌肉控制
-muscle length,肌长度
-muscle strength,肌力
-neurological tests for,神经测试
-integrity of nervous system,神经系统的完整性
-neurodynamic,神经动力学
-reflex testing,反射检查
-observation of,视诊
-balance,平衡
-function,功能
-gait,步态
-muscle form,肌肉形态
-posture,姿势
-soft tissues,软组织
-palpation of,触诊
-passive physiological movements in,被动生理运动
-past medical history of,既往史
-physical examination of,体格检查
-plan of,计划
-subjective examination of,主观检查
-special questions,特殊问题
-symptom behaviour in,症状特征
-aggravating factors,加重因素
-easing factors,缓解因素
-twenty-four-hour symptoms,24小时症状
-symptom relationship with,症状关联
-vascular tests for,血管测试
-History of present condition,现病史
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in shoulder region,在肩区
-in subjective examination,主观检查
-HIV. See Human immunodeficiency virus,人免疫缺陷病毒
-"Hook test, for distal biceps",吊钩测试，用于肱二头肌远端
-Hop testing battery,单腿跳跃测试组套
-"Horizontal adduction, shoulder region and",水平外展，肩区
-HSD. See Hypermobility spectrum disorder,多动症
-Human immunodeficiency virus,人免疫缺陷病毒
-history of,病史
-Human intersubjectivity,人的主体间性
-Humeroradial joint,肱桡关节
-accessory movements in,附属运动
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-aggravating factors in,加重因素
-differentiation testing in,鉴别测试
-passive physiological movements in,被动生理运动
-Humeroulnar joint,肱尺关节
-accessory movements in,附属运动
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-aggravating factors in,加重因素
-differentiation testing in,鉴别测试
-passive physiological movements in,被动生理运动
-"Humerus, fracture of",骨折
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Hyperalgesia,痛觉过敏
-Hypermobility,过度活动
-lumbar region and,腰区
-temporomandibular joint and,颞下颌关节
-Hypermobility spectrum disorder (HSD),多动症
-history of,病史
-Hypermobility syndrome,关节过度松弛综合征
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Hyperpathia,痛觉超敏
-Hypomobility,活动不足
-lumbar region and,腰区
-Hypothenar eminence,小鱼际隆起
-muscle strength testing in,肌力测试
-Hypothesis categories,假设分类
-clinical reasoning form using,临床推理表单应用
-in framework of health and disability,在健康和残疾框架内
-Hypothetico-deductive reasoning,假设演绎推理
-ICAs. See Internal carotid arteries,颈内动脉
-"ICF. See International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health",国际功能、残疾和健康分类
-Iliopsoas,髂腰肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-muscle length of,肌长度
-"Iliotibial band (ITB), injury to",髂胫束，损伤
-Illness scripts,疾病脚本
-Impingement test,撞击试验
-for hip region,用于髋区
-Infection,感染
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-Inferior radioulnar joint,桡尺远端关节
-accessory movements in,"附属运动,"
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-Inferior tibiofibular joint,下胫腓关节
-mobilizations with movement,关节松动伴主动运动
-Inflammatory arthritis,炎症性关节炎
-history of,病史
-Inflammatory conditions of ankle,炎症状态，踝
-of elbow region,肘区
-of lumbar region,腰区
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-Inflammatory pain,炎性疼痛
-Informal observation,非正式的观察
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Infraspinatus,冈下肌
-full-thickness tears of,全层撕裂
-external rotation lag sign for,外旋减弱征
-Initial observation,首次视诊
-Injuring movements,受损运动
-in active physiological movements,在主动生理运动中
-"Instability, laxity versus",不稳，松弛
-Instrumental touch,有帮助的接触
-Intercarpal joints,腕骨间关节
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-"Interchondral joints, accessory movements in",软骨间关节，附属运动
-"Intermetacarpal joints, hand",掌骨间关节，手
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-Intermetatarsal joints,跖骨间关节
-Intermittent symptoms,间歇性症状
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Internal carotid arteries (ICAs),颈内动脉
-"dissection, pain presentation for",解剖，疼痛表现
-dysfunction,功能障碍
-typical pain presentation for,典型疼痛表现
-Internal femoral rotation,股骨内旋
-Internal rotation over pressure (IROP) test,内旋过压测试
-for hip region,用于髋屈
-"International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)",国际功能、残疾和健康分类
-"Interphalangeal joints, of foot",趾间关节，足部
-Interruptions,中断
-in physiotherapy consultations,在物理治疗咨询中
-Intervertebral disc disorders,椎间盘疾病
-lumbar region and,腰椎
-"Interviewing, motivational",访谈，动机
-Intractable plantar keratosis,顽固性足底角化病
-"Intrinsic muscle tightness, of wrist and hand",内在肌紧张，腕手
-"Irritability, of symptoms",激惹，症状
-Irritable symptoms,激惹症状
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-Ischaemic pain,缺血性疼痛
-"Isometric contraction, of muscle",等长收缩，肌肉
-Isometric muscle testing,等长肌力测试
-for cervicothoracic region,用于颈胸区
-for elbow region,用于肘区
-for hip region,用于髋区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for upper cervical region,上颈椎区
-for wrist and hand,用于腕手
-Isotonic testing,等张测试
-for upper cervical region,用于上颈椎区
-ITB. See Iliotibial band,髂胫束
-Jendrassik manoeuvre,Jendrassik手法
-Joint,关节
-effusion tests,积液测试
-palpation of,触诊
-physical examination tests for,体格检查测试
-as source of symptoms,作为症状来源
-of upper motor neurone lesion,上运动神经元损伤
-tests,测试
-Joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-Joint integrity tests,关节完整性测试
-for elbow region,用于肘区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for wrist and hand,用于腕手
-Joint position error (JPE),关节位置误差
-Joint proprioception,关节本体感觉
-JPE. See Joint position error,关节位置误差
-"Kaltenborn tests, for accessory movements",Kaltenborn测试，用于附属运动
-Kienbock’s disease,Kienbock病（月骨缺血性坏死）
-Kinetic chain,运动链
-thoracic spine dysfunction and,胸椎功能障碍
-Kleiger test,Kleiger测试（外旋加压测试）
-Knee extension,伸膝
-Knee jerk,膝反射
-Knee joint,膝关节
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-Knee region,膝区
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-active physiological movements of,主动生理运动
-assessment of quadriceps activation,股四头肌激活评估
-assessment of return to play/ performance,重返运动/表现评估
-behaviour of symptoms and,症状表现
-aggravating factors in,加重因素
-easing factors in,缓解因素
-twenty-four-hour,24小时
-body chart for,身体图示
-area of current symptoms in,当前症状区
-areas relevant to the region being examined in,检查部位相关区
-case study on,案例学���
-completion of the examination of,完成检查
-contributing factors and,影响因素
-crepitus in,捻发音
-giving way of,让步
-history of the present condition of,现病史
-informal observation,非正规的视诊
-irritable symptoms in,激惹症状
-joint effusion tests for,关节积液测试
-joint integrity tests for,关节完整性测试
-joint line tenderness for,关节线压痛
-leg length and,腿长
-locking of,锁定
-mechanism of injury of,损伤机制
-meniscal test for,半月板测试
-muscle tests for,肌力测试
-control,控制
-isometric,等长
-length,长度
-strength,肌力
-neurological tests for,神经测试
-integrity of the nervous system and,神经系统完整性
-neurodynamic,神经动力学
-reflex testing in,反射检查
-observation of,视诊
-balance,平衡
-gait,步态
-muscle form,肌肉形态
-posture,姿势
-soft tissue,软组织
-pain in,疼痛
-depth of,深度
-intensity of,强度
-mechanisms of,机制
-provoked or reduced on palpation,触诊中激发或缓和
-quality of,性质
-palpation of,触诊
-passive physiological movements of,被动生理运动
-past medical history of,既往史
-patellofemoral tests for,髌骨测试
-physical examination of,体格检查
-plan of,计划
-for return to sport,重返运动
-quality of movement in,运动质量
-"referred, symptoms in",牵涉，疼痛
-relationship of symptoms and,症状间关系
-source of symptoms in,症状来源
-subjective examination of,主观检查
-hypothesis after,假设
-special questions in,特殊问题
-swelling of,肿胀
-symptom modification and,症状改善
-vascular tests for,血管测试
-Knowledge flow diagram,知识流程图
-Kyphosis-lordosis posture,驼背-前凸姿势
-Lachman test,Lachman测试
-Latent irritability,潜在激惹
-Lateral collateral ligament injury,外侧副韧带损伤
-Lateral collateral ligament testing,外侧副韧带检查
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Lateral elbow tendinopathy,肘部外侧肌腱病变
-symptom modification for,症状改善
-Lateral epicondylalgia,外上髁痛
-Lateral epicondyles,外上髁
-Lateral flexion,侧屈
-to cervical spine,颈椎
-Lateral tibial torsion,胫骨外旋
-Lateralis,外侧
-Latissimus dorsi,背阔肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-"Laxity, instability versus",松弛，不稳
-Left extension quadrant,左侧后伸象限
-to cervical spine,颈椎
-Leg length,腿长
-measurement of,测量
-Lens model,透镜模式
-Levator scapulae,肩胛提肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-muscle length testing,长度测试
-Ligament of Struthers,Struthers韧带
-"Ligamentous injuries, in elbow region",韧带损伤，在肘区
-Ligamentous instability test,韧带不稳定性测试
-for joints of thumb and fingers,用于拇指和手指关节
-Ligamentous sprain,韧带扭伤
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Light touch examination,韧带触诊检查
-for hip region,用于髋区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-lower limb and,下肢
-Likelihood ratios (LRs),似然比
-in physical examination,在体格检查中
-Limb symmetry index,肢体对称指数
-Linea alba,腹白线
-Lingual mandibular reflex (CNV),舌下颌反射
-temporomandibular joint and,颞下颌关节
-"Listening, active",倾听，主动
-Load and shift test,负荷和转移测试
-for shoulder instability,用于肩关节不稳
-Local stabilizer muscles,局部稳定肌
-London Hospital test,伦敦医院测试
-Long dorsal ligament,背侧长韧带
-palpation of,触诊
-Longus capitis,头长肌
-Longus colli,颈长肌
-Lordosis,脊柱前凸
-lumbar region and,腰区
-LOVE acronym,LOVE缩写
-Low-back pain,下背痛
-pain diary,疼痛日记
-Low flexion,小角度屈曲
-shoulder region and,肩区
-Lower limb,下肢
-lumbar region and,腰区
-nerves of,神经
-pain sensation of,痛觉
-LRs. See Likelihood ratios,似然比
-Lumbar multifidus,腰多裂肌
-Lumbar nerve roots,腰神经根
-myotome testing for,肌节测试
-Lumbar region,腰区
-compensatory movement strategies for,代偿运动策略
-"examination, completion of",检查，完成
-irritable symptoms in,激惹症状
-neurological symptoms in,神经症状
-pain in,疼痛
-behaviour,行为
-night symptoms,夜间症状
-provoked or reduced on palpation,触诊中激发或缓和
-physical examination for,体格检查
-active physiological movements,主动生理运动
-differentiation or symptom modification,鉴别或症状改变
-miscellaneous tests,其他试验
-muscle tests,肌力测试
-neurological tests,神经测试
-observation,视诊
-palpation,触诊
-passive accessory intervertebral movements,椎间关节被动附属运动
-passive physiological movements,被动生理运动
-plan of,计划
-precautions or contraindications to,注意事项或禁忌症
-severe symptoms,严重的症状
-subjective examination of,主观检查
-behaviour of symptoms in,症状表现
-body chart of,身体图示
-family history and,家族史
-history of present condition in,现病史
-"hypotheses, development of",假说，发展
-past medical history in,既往史
-patient’s perspective,患者的看法
-special questions,特殊问题
-Lumbar spine,腰椎
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-pain on,疼痛
-Lunotriquetral ballottement (Reagan’s) test,月骨三角骨撞击试验
-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),核磁共振成像
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-for wrist and hand,用于腕手
-Maladaptive coping strategies,适应不良的应对策略
-Mallet finger,锤状指
-Mallet-toe deformity,锤状趾畸形
-"Management strategy, of clinical reasoning",管理策略，临床推理
-"Mandible, resting position of",下颌骨，休息位
-Mandibular condyle,下颌骨髁状突
-palpation of,触诊
-via external auditory meatus,经外耳道
-"Mastication, muscles of",咀嚼，肌肉
-Matles test,Matles测试
-for Achilles tendon rupture,用于跟腱断裂
-Maudsley test,Maudsley测试
-McKenzie method,麦肯基疗法
-of mechanical diagnosis,力学诊断
-McMurray test,麦氏征（回旋挤压试验）
-Mechanical pain,机械性疼痛
-Medial collateral ligament testing,内侧副韧带检查
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Medial elbow tendinopathy,肘部内侧肌腱病变
-Medial epicondylalgia,内上髁疼痛
-Medial epicondyles,内上髁
-Medial tibial torsion,胫骨内旋
-Median nerve,正中神经
-compression neuropathy tests,神经卡压试验
-palpation of,触诊
-test for,测试
-of upper limb,上肢
-"upper-limb neurodynamic test for. See ULNT 1, ULNT 2a",上肢神经动力学测试
-Medical Communications Behavior System (MCBS),医疗沟通行为系统
-Medical imaging,医学影像
-for cervicothoracic region,用于颈胸区
-for elbow region,用于肘区
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-in subjective examination,主观检查
-for thoracic region,用于胸区
-Medical referral,医疗转诊
-Meeting,见面
-in building strong relationship,建立牢固的关系
-Meniscal tear,半月板撕裂
-Meniscal tests,半月板试验
-Metacarpophalangeal joints,掌指关节
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-Metatarsophalangeal joints,跖趾关节
-Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire,密歇根大学手概况问卷
-Midcarpal joints,腕中关节
-Midcarpal shift test,腕中移位测试
-Midtarsal joints,跗骨间关节
-Migraine,偏头痛
-Miscellaneous tests,其他测试
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-for temporomandibular joint,用于
-for thoracic region,用于胸区
-"Modification,",改良
-progression and regression of treatment,治疗进阶与退阶
-Morning symptoms,晨间症状
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in shoulder region,在肩区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Morton’s neuroma,Morton神经瘤
-Mulder’s test for,Mulder测试
-Motivational interviewing,动机性访谈
-Motor changes,运动改变
-Motor control,运动控制
-definition of,定义
-training,训练
-Motor loss,运动丧失
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-Motor neurone lesion,运动神经元损伤
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-pathological reflex testing for,病理反射检查
-Movement control,运动控制
-of cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-Movement diagrams,运动图
-knee region and,膝区
-procedure for drawing,绘图程序
-muscle spasm,肌痉挛
-pain,疼痛
-resistance,抵抗
-Movement system balance theory,运动系统平衡理论
-MRI. See Magnetic resonance imaging,核磁共振成像
-Mulder’s test,Mulder测试
-for Morton’s neuroma,用于Morton神经瘤
-Muscle,肌肉
-active movements of,主动运动
-classification of,分类
-isometric contraction of,等长收缩
-palpation of,触诊
-passive lengthening of,被动延长
-"patterns/reactions of, to stress",模式/反应，应力
-physical examination tests for,体格检查测试
-as source of symptoms,作为症状来源
-of upper motor neurone lesion,上运动神经元损伤
-Muscle control,肌肉控制
-test,测试
-for hip region,用于髋区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-"Muscle endurance, definition of",肌耐力，定义
-Muscle form,肌肉形态
-observation of,视诊
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in wrist and hand examination,在腕手的检查
-Muscle imbalance,肌力失衡
-Muscle length,肌长度
-definition of,定义
-testing,测试
-for elbow region,用于肘区
-for hip region,用于髋区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-for upper cervical region,用于上颈椎区
-for wrist and hand,用于腕手
-Muscle spasm,肌痉挛
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-movement diagrams for,运动图
-Muscle strength,肌力
-definition of,定义
-testing,测试
-for elbow region,用于肘区
-for hip region,用于髋区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-for upper cervical region,用于上颈椎区
-for wrist and hand,用于腕手
-Muscle tests,肌力测试
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-length,长度
-strength,肌力
-for hip region,用于髋区
-isometric muscle testing,等长肌力测试
-See Isometric muscle testing for knee region,见膝区等长肌力测试
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-muscle length. See Muscle length muscle strength. See Muscle strength,肌长度
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-for shoulder,用于肩区
-control in,控制
-strength in,肌力
-temporomandibular joint and,颞下颌关节
-endurance testing,耐力测试
-isometric,等长
-muscle control,肌肉控制
-muscle strength,肌力
-for thoracic region,用于胸区
-for upper cervical region,用于上颈椎区
-for wrist and hand,用于腕手
-Musculocutaneous nerve,肌皮神经
-Musculoskeletal condition,肌骨状态
-examination of patients with,患者评估
-Musculoskeletal dysfunction,肌肉骨骼功能障碍
-process of examination of,评估进程
-Myelopathy,脊髓病
-Myogenic pain,肌源性疼痛
-in temporomandibular joint,颞下颌关节
-Myositis ossificans,骨化性肌炎
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Myotomes,肌节
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand examination,在腕手的检查
-NAG,生理性关节突关节滑动
-Natural apophyseal glides (NAGs),生理性小面关节滑动
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-"Nature of symptoms, of pelvis",症状性质，骨盆
-area of current symptoms,当前症状区
-intensity of pain,疼痛强度
-quality of symptoms,症状性质
-relationship of symptoms,症状间关系
-"Neck, vascular pathologies of",颈椎，血管病变
-Neck Disability Index,颈椎功能障碍指数
-Neer test,Neer测试
-for shoulder impingement syndrome,用于肩关节撞击综合征
-Neoplastic conditions,肿瘤状态
-lumbar region and,腰区
-Neoplastic disease,肿瘤疾病
-temporomandibular joint and,颞下颌关节
-Nerve,神经
-palpation of,触诊
-physical examination for,体格检查
-as source of symptoms,作为症状来源
-of upper motor neurone lesion,上运动神经元损伤
-test,测试
-"Nervous system, integrity of",神经系统，完整性
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Neural sensitization tests,神经致敏测试
-femoral nerve slump test,股神经塌陷测试
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-obturator nerve test,闭孔神经测试
-passive neck flexion,颈椎被动屈曲
-prone knee bend,俯卧位屈膝
-saphenous nerve test,隐神经检查
-straight leg raise,直腿抬高
-testing principles of,测试原则
-upper limb neurodynamic tests,上肢神经动力学测试
-Neurodynamic tests,神经动力学测试
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Neurological integrity,神经完整性
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Neurological symptoms,神经症状
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Neurological tests,神经测试
-for cervicothoracic region,用于颈胸区
-for elbow region,用于肘区
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-integrity of nervous system,神经系统的完整性
-nerve palpation,神经触诊
-neurodynamic tests,神经动力学测试
-reflex testing,反射检查
-for hip region,用于髋区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-dermatomes/peripheral nerves,皮节/外周神经
-myotomes/peripheral nerves,肌节/外周神经
-"nervous system, integrity of",神经系统，完整性
-neural sensitization tests,神经致敏测试
-reflex testing,反射检查
-for shoulder region,用于肩区
-for temporomandibular joint,颞下颌关节
-dermatomes,皮节
-integrity of nervous system,神经系统的完整性
-myotomes,肌节
-neurodynamic tests,神经动力学测试
-reflex testing,反射检查
-for thoracic region,用于胸区
-for upper cervical region,用于上颈椎区
-for wrist and hand,用于腕手
-Neuropathic pain,神经性疼痛
-symptoms of,症状
-Night symptoms,夜间症状
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in shoulder region,在肩区
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Nociceptive pain,伤害性疼痛
-Nociplastic pain,夜行性疼痛
-Nonpropositional knowledge,非命题性知识
-Nonverbal behaviours,非言语行为
-eye contact in,眼神接触
-posture in,姿势
-smiling in,微笑
-Normal end-feels,正常运动终末感
-NPRS. See Numerical pain rating scale,数字疼痛评定量表
-Numerical pain rating scale (NPRS),数字疼痛评定量表
-OA. See Osteoarthritis,骨关节炎
-Objective,客观
-in physical examination,体格检查
-Oblique/sideways step down/landing test,倾斜/侧向下/着陆测试
-Observation,视诊
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-of elbow region,肘区
-of foot and ankle,足踝
-alignment,对位
-formal,正规的
-informal,非正规的
-of muscle form,肌肉形态
-of posture,姿势
-of soft tissue,软组织
-formal,正规的
-of gait,步态
-of hip region,髋区
-informal,非正规的
-initial,初始
-of knee region,膝区
-of lumbar region,腰区
-of muscle form,肌肉形态
-of pelvis,骨盆
-of posture,姿势
-of soft tissue,软组织
-of upper cervical region,上颈椎区
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-"Obstetric history, pelvis and",产科病史，骨盆
-Obturator nerve test,闭孔神经测试
-Oculomotor function,动眼功能
-tests for,测试
-Oculomotor tests,动眼测试
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-Oedema,水肿
-Olecranon,鹰嘴
-Olecranon bursitis,鹰嘴滑囊炎
-Opening question,开放式问题
-agenda setting and,议程设置
-Orange flags,橘旗征
-Osgood-Schlatter disease,股骨粗隆软骨病
-Osteoarthritis,骨关节炎
-of elbow region,肘区
-"stiff shoulder and,",肩关节僵硬
-of thoracic region,胸区
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-Osteochondral defects,软骨缺损
-affecting talus,影响距骨
-Osteoporosis,骨质疏松
-history of,病史
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-"Overlaps, in physiotherapy consultations",重叠，在物理治疗咨询中
-Overpressure,过压
-active movements with,主动活动
-in shoulder,在肩部
-to cervical spine,颈椎
-to elbow complex,肘关节复合体
-in hip joint,髋关节
-to temporomandibular joint,颞下颌关节
-to thoracic spine,胸椎
-Pain,疼痛
-characteristics of,特征
-"constant, unremitting",持续，坚持不懈
-definition of,定义
-depth of,深度
-dimensions of,范围
-intensity of,强度
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-"ischaemic, nociception",缺血性疼痛，伤害
-mechanisms of,机制
-movement diagrams for,运动图
-"neuropathic, symptoms of",神经性，症状
-night symptoms,夜间症状
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-"predominant, mechanism of",主导，机制
-provoked or reduced,激发或缓和
-on palpation,触诊
-quality of,质量
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-referred,牵涉
-symptoms of,症状
-in knee region,在膝区
-Pain diary,疼痛日记
-for low-back pain,下腰痛
-"Pain provocation tests, for pelvis",疼痛激发测试，用于骨盆
-Pain-rating scale,疼痛评定量表
-for intensity of pain,疼痛强度
-PAIVMs. See Passive accessory intervertebral movements,椎间关节被动附属运动
-Palmaris longus,掌长肌
-Palpation,触诊
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-of elbow,肘
-of foot and ankle,足踝
-nerve,神经
-of hip region,髋区
-of joint,关节
-of knee region,膝区
-of lumbar region,腰区
-of muscle,肌肉
-of nerve,神经
-of pelvis,用于骨盆
-of pulses,脉搏
-of shoulder region,肩区
-"systematic, suggested approach to",系统的，建议方法
-of thoracic region,胸区
-trigger points,扳机点
-of upper cervical region,上颈椎区
-of wrist and hand examination,腕手检查
-"systematic, suggested approach to",系统的，建议方法
-Palpation chart,触诊图
-for upper cervical region,用于上颈椎区
-Paraesthesia,感觉异常
-upper cervical spine examination and,上颈椎检查
-Parafunctional habits,机能异常的习惯
-"temporomandibular joint and,",颞下颌关节
-Passive accessory intervertebral movements (PAIVMs),椎间关节被动附属运动
-in atlantoaxial joint,寰枢关节
-in atlantooccipital joint,寰枕关节
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-Passive intervertebral examination (PIE),椎间关节被动检查
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-of upper cervical region,上颈椎区
-Passive knee bend,被动屈膝
-Passive lengthening of muscle,肌肉被动延长
-"Passive movements, examination on",被动运动，检查
-Passive neck flexion,颈椎被动屈曲
-Passive physiological intervertebral movements (PPIVMs),被动的椎间生理运动
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-of thoracic region,胸区
-Passive physiological movements,被动生理运动
-of elbow region,肘区
-of hip region,髋区
-of knee region,膝区
-of lumbar region,腰区
-of shoulder,肩部
-posterior shoulder tightness and,后肩僵硬
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-Passive sensitizing movement,被动敏化运动
-Past medical history,既往史
-cervicothoracic region and,颈胸区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in subjective examination,主观检查
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Patella tendinopathy test,髌腱测试
-Patellar pubic percussion test,髌骨尺骨敲击试验
-for hip region,用于髋区
-Patellar subluxation or dislocation,髌骨半脱位或脱位
-Patellar tap test,髌骨敲击试验
-Patellofemoral joint,髌股关节
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-Patellofemoral tests,髌骨测试
-Pathobiological mechanisms,病理生物学机制
-of clinical reasoning,临床推理
-pain,疼痛
-tissue responses and healing,组织反应和愈合
-"Pathology, serious, of shoulder",病变，严重，肩部
-Patients’ perspectives on hip region,患者对髋区的观点
-on knee region,膝区
-for examination,检查
-in subjective examination,主观检查
-Pattern recognition,识别模式
-"Pectoralis major, length testing of",长度测试
-"Pectoralis minor, length testing of",长度测试
-Pelvic floor,盆底
-Pelvic region,骨盆区
-Pelvic tilt,骨盆倾斜
-"Pelvic torsion test/Gaenslen’s, for pelvis",用于骨盆
-Pelvis,骨盆
-case study,案例学习
-"examination, completion of",检查，完成
-physical examination of,体格检查
-active physiological movements,主动生理运动
-functional testing,功能测试
-muscle tests,肌力测试
-observation,视诊
-pain provocation tests,疼痛激发测试
-palpation,触诊
-passive accessory movements,附属运动
-pelvic floor,盆底
-plan of,计划
-subjective examination of,主观检查
-behaviour of symptoms,症状表现
-history of the present condition,现病史
-imaging and investigations,影像和调查
-nature of symptoms,症状性质
-past medical history,既往史
-patient’s perspective,患者的看法
-special questions,特殊问题
-Pelvis girdle,骨盆带
-Peripheral nerves,外周神经
-compression of,卡压
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-formation of,形成
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-"in lumbar region, test for",在腰区，测试
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand examination,在腕手的检查
-Peripheral neuropathic pain,外周神经性疼痛
-Person-focused (patient-centered care),以人为本（以患者为中心的照顾）
-communication in,沟通
-Perturbation control,干扰控制
-Pes cavus,高弓足
-Pes planus,扁平足
-Phalen’s wrist flexion test,Phalen屈腕测试
-Physical capability,体能
-Physical examination,体格检查
-accessory movements in,附属运动
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-aims of,目标
-for cervicothoracic region chart,用于颈胸区
-clinical reasoning in,临床推理
-aims of,目标
-precautions/contraindications to,注意事项/禁忌症
-communication in,沟通
-providing feedback,提供反馈
-role of touch in communication,触诊在沟通中的作用
-signposting,指示
-undress negotiation,坦白谈判
-completion of,完成
-for elbow region,用于肘区
-completion of,完成
-plan of,计划
-sequence and extent of,顺序和范围
-functional ability/physical performance tests in,功能/体能测试
-for hip region,用于髋区
-interpretation of,解释
-joint integrity tests in,关节完整性测试
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-management planning form in,管理计划表
-muscle tests in,肌力测试
-neurological tests in,神经测试
-observation in,视诊
-palpation in,触诊
-passive physiological movements in,被动生理运动
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-performing testing procedures in,执行测试程序
-plan of,计划
-form,表
-for hip region,用于髋区
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-for thoracic region,用于胸区
-planning sheet,计划表
-sensorimotor tests in,感觉运动测试
-for shoulder,用于肩区
-step by step,逐步的
-summary of,总结
-for temporomandibular joint,用于颞下颌关节
-tests,测试
-trigger points,扳机点
-for upper cervical region,用于上颈椎区
-for wrist and hand,用于腕手
-completion of,完成
-planning,计划
-Physical factors,物理因素
-"Physical impairments, associated structure/tissue sources and",躯体损伤和相关结构/组织来源
-Physical opportunity,身体和社会机遇
-Physical performance tests,体能测试
-Physical tests,体格测试
-Physiotherapy consultations,物理治疗咨询
-content of,目录
-challenging conversations,具有挑战性的对话
-documenting psychological distress,记录心理困扰
-interruptions,中断
-PIE. See Passive intervertebral examination,椎间关节被动检查
-Pinch-grip strengths,捏-握力
-measurement of,测量
-Pinch-grip test,捏-握测试
-Pink flags,粉旗征
-Pinprick sensation,针刺觉
-lower limb and,下肢
-Piriformis,梨状肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-muscle length of,肌长度
-Pisohamate. See Guyon’s canal,尺神经管
-Pisotriquetral joint,豆三角关节
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-Pivot shift test,轴移测试
-Planetary model,行星模型
-of reasoning,推理
-Planning sheet,计划表
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-Plantar response,跖反应
-thoracic region and,胸区
-for upper motor neurone lesion,上运动神经元损伤
-Plica syndrome,滑膜皱襞综合征
-Poor treatment,疗效差
-outcome of,结局
-in subjective examination,在主观检查中
-Posterior cruciate ligament,后交叉韧带
-injury to,损伤
-Posterior drawer test,后抽屉试验
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for shoulder instability,用于肩关节不稳
-Posterior gapping/compression test,后间隙/加压试验
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-"Posterior shear test, for pelvis",用于骨盆
-Posterior shoulder tightness (PST),后肩僵硬
-Posterior stability tests,后方稳定测试
-Posterolateral rotatory instability,后外旋转不稳
-tests for,测试
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Posttraumatic stress reactions,创伤后应激反应
-Postural stability,姿势稳定性
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-Posture,姿势
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-in foot and ankle examination,在足踝的检查
-in hip region examination,在髋区的检查
-ideal alignment,理想对位
-of lumbar region,腰区
-in nonverbal behaviours,非言语行为中
-observation of,视诊
-in knee region examination,在膝区的检查
-in wrist and hand examination,在腕手的检查
-Pott disease,Pott病（脊柱结核病）
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-PPIVMs. See Passive physiological intervertebral movements,被动的椎间生理运动
-Precautions,注意事项
-to physical examination,体格检查
-of elbow region,肘区
-of lumbar region,腰区
-Predictive values,预测值
-in physical examination,体格检查
-Predominant pain mechanism,主要疼痛机制
-"Prehension, of hand",抓握，手
-Pressure biofeedback unit,压力生物反馈装置
-Previous history,既往史
-knee region and,膝区
-Primary bone tumours,原发性骨肿瘤
-in elbow region,在肘区
-"Prodromal stage, of cancer",前驱期，肿瘤
-"Prognosis, of clinical reasoning",预后，临床推理
-"Pronator syndrome, test for",旋前肌综合征，测试
-Pronator teres,旋前肌
-Prone knee bend,俯卧位屈膝
-Prone push-up test,俯卧位撑起测试
-Propositional knowledge,命题知识
-Proprioception,本体感觉
-for cervical arterial dysfunction,颈动脉功能障碍
-for cervicothoracic region,用于颈胸区
-for upper cervical region,用于上颈椎区
-Prosody,韵律
-first impressions and,第一印象
-PST. See Posterior shoulder tightness,后肩僵硬
-Psychological capability,心理能力
-Psychological distress,心理压力
-documenting,记录
-in physiotherapy consultations,在物理治疗咨询中
-Psychosocial factors,心理社会因素
-in recovery and treatment response,在恢复和治疗反应中
-Psychosocial yellow flags,社会心理的黄旗征
-Pubic symphysis,耻骨联合
-lumbar region and,腰区
-"Pulses, palpation of",脉搏，触诊
-for cervical arterial dysfunction,颈动脉功能障碍
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in shoulder,在肩部
-Push-up test,推起测试
-Quadratus lumborum,腰方肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-muscle length of,肌长度
-Qualitative analysis of single-leg loading (QASL),单腿负荷的定性分析
-Quality of movement,运动质量
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-Question,问题
-agenda setting and,议程设置
-styles,风格
-involve handling over control,涉及控制权处理
-sensitive questioning,敏感问题
-Socratic questions,苏格拉底式提问
-TED questions,“告诉，解释，描述”式提问
-RA. See Rheumatoid arthritis,类风湿性关节炎
-Radial artery,桡动脉
-Allen test for,Allen测试
-Radial nerve,桡神经
-palpation of,触诊
-test for,测试
-upper-limb neurodynamic test for. See ULNT 2b,上肢神经动力学测试
-Radial nerve compression,桡神经卡压
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Radial tunnel syndrome,桡管综合征
-test for,测试
-Radiocarpal joint,桡腕关节
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-inferior radioulnar joint and,下桡尺关节
-Radiograph,放射学
-of elbow region,肘区
-of foot and ankle,足踝
-in subjective examination,主观检查
-of wrist and hand examination,腕手检查
-"Radius, dislocation of the head of",桡骨，小头脱位
-Range of movement,关节活动度
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-"Rapport, with patients",亲善，和患者
-RCRSP. See Rotator cuff-related shoulder pain,肩袖相关的肩部疼���
-Reagan’s test,Reagan测试
-Reassessment,复评
-of patient’s asterisks,被标记星号的患者
-for cervicothoracic region,用于颈胸区
-for elbow region,用于肘区
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-for hip region,用于髋区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for temporomandibular joint,用于颞下颌关节
-for thoracic region,用于胸区
-for wrist and hand,用于腕手
-Rectus capitis anterior,头前直肌
-Rectus femoris,股直肌
-muscle length of,肌长度
-Red-flag system,红旗征系统
-Red flags,红旗征
-hierarchical list of,分级列表
-Referred pain,牵涉痛
-from viscera,源于内脏
-Reflective motivation,反思性动机
-Reflex changes,反射改变
-Reflex testing,反射检查
-for cervicothoracic region,用于颈胸区
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-for hip region,用于髋区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-for temporomandibular joint,用于颞下颌关节
-for upper motor neurone lesion,上运动神经元损伤
-Regional interdependence,区域互存
-definition of,定义
-Relationship of symptoms,症状间关系
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Remote consultations,远程咨询
-clear signposting,明确的指示
-gaining consent,获得同意
-starting the call,开始通话
-technology concerns,技术问题
-Repeated movements,重复动作
-Resistance,抗阻
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in knee region,在膝区
-movement diagrams for,运动图
-Resisted external derotation test,抗阻反向外旋测试
-for hip region,用于髋区
-Respiration,呼吸
-rib mechanics during,肋骨力学
-thoracic region and,胸区
-Respiratory disease,呼吸系统疾病
-history of,病史
-Reversed natural apophyseal glides,生理性小面关节反向滑动
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-Rheumatoid arthritis (RA),类风湿性关节炎
-lumbar region and,腰区
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-Ribcage,胸腔
-examination of,检查
-during respiration,在呼吸中
-Ribs,肋骨
-accessory movements to,附属运动
-"mechanics of, during respiration",力学，在呼吸中
-Romberg’s test,Romberg’s试验（闭目直立试验）
-Roos test,Roos试验（上臂缺血试验/抬臂加压试验）
-"Rotation, to cervical spine",旋转，颈椎
-Rotation PPIVM,被动的椎间旋转生理运动
-Rotator cuff pathology tests,肩袖病变改变
-for shoulder,用于肩区
-empty and full-can tests,倒罐和满罐试验
-external rotation lag sign as,外旋减弱征
-Gerber ‘lift-off’,Gerber“抬离”试验
-Rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP),肩袖相关的肩部疼痛
-Sacral nerve roots,骶神经根
-myotome testing for,肌节测试
-"Sacral thrust test, for pelvis",骶骨冲击测试，用于骨盆
-Sacroiliac joints (SIJ),骶髂关节
-active straight-leg raise (ASLR) test for,主动直腿抬高测试
-behaviour of symptoms aggravating factors,症状表现加重因素
-easing factors,缓解因素
-distraction/anterior gapping test for,分离/前间隙测试
-Gaenslen’s/pelvic torsion test for,Gaenslen/骨盆扭转测试
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-lumbar region and,腰区
-pain provocation tests for,疼痛激发测试
-palpation of,触诊
-posterior gapping/compression test for,后间隙/加压试验
-posterior shear test for,后撕裂测试
-sacral thrust test for,骶骨冲击测试
-standing hip flexion test (Gillet test) for,站位髋屈测试（(Gillet测试）
-Saphenous nerve test,隐神经检查
-SAPS. See Sub-acromial pain syndrome,肩峰下疼痛综合征
-Scalenes,斜角肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-muscle length testing,肌力测试
-Scaphoid fractures,舟状骨骨折
-Scaphoid shift test,舟状骨移位试验
-"Scapula, role of",肩胛骨，角色
-Scapular assistance test,肩胛骨辅助试验
-Scapular dyskinesis,肩胛骨运动障碍
-Scapular strength,肩胛骨肌肌力
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-Scheuermann’s disease,Scheuermann病（少年性椎体软骨病）
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Sciatic nerve palpation,坐骨神经触诊
-SCM. See Sternocleidomastoid Scoliosis,胸锁乳突肌性脊柱侧凸
-lumbar region and,腰区
-Seated heel lock position,坐位足跟锁定姿势
-for testing axial rotation,用于测试轴向旋转
-SEBT. See Star excursion balance test,星形平衡测试
-Semispinalis capitis,头半棘肌
-Semispinalis cervicis,颈半棘肌
-"Sensation, abnormal",感觉，正常
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Sensitive questioning,敏感问题
-Sensitivity,灵敏度
-in physical examination,��格检查
-Sensorimotor control,运动感觉控制
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-Sensorimotor testing,运动感觉测试
-for cervicothoracic region,用于颈胸区
-"Sensory aura, migraine and",感觉先兆，偏头痛
-Sensory changes,感觉改变
-Sensory loss,感觉缺失
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in knee region,在膝区
-Serious pathology,严重病变
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in wrist and hand examination,在腕手的检查
-Serratus anterior,前锯肌
-strength testing of,肌力测试
-Severe symptoms,严重的症状
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-"Severity, of symptoms",严重程度，症状
-Shared decision-making,共同决策
-Shingles,带状疱疹
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Short-leg gait,短腿步态
-"Shoulder, examination of",肩，检查
-abnormal sensation in,感觉异常
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-aggravating factors in,加重因素
-areas relevant to the region being examined in,检查部位相关区
-biceps test and,肱二头肌测试
-body chart in,身体图示
-case study and,案例学习
-completion of,完成
-easing factors in,缓解因素
-glenohumeral joint instability and,盂肱关节不稳
-investigations in,调查
-muscle tests and,肌力测试
-control in,控制
-strength in,肌力
-neurological examination and,神经检查
-observation in,视诊
-pain in,疼痛
-quality of,质量
-palpation in,触诊
-passive physiological movements in,被动生理运动
-posterior shoulder tightness and,后肩僵硬
-past medical history in,既往史
-physical,物理的
-present condition in,现状
-history of,病史
-referred symptoms to,牵涉症状
-from wrist and hand,源于腕手
-rotator cuff pathology tests and,肩袖病变测试
-empty and full-can tests,倒罐和满罐试验
-external rotation lag sign as,外旋减弱征
-"Gerber ‘lift-off,’",Gerber“抬离”试验
-rotator cuff-related shoulder pain in,肩袖相关的肩部疼痛
-stage of the condition in,状态阶段
-subjective,主观
-patient’s perspective on,患者的看法
-serious pathology in,严重病变
-superior labral anterior-posterior tests and,上盂唇前后向测试
-active compression test,主动加压测试
-biceps load tests I and II,肱二头肌负荷测试Ⅰ和Ⅱ
-symptoms in,症状
-area of current,当前区域
-behaviour of,行为
-morning and evening,早晨和晚上
-neurological,神经系统
-night,夜间
-relationship of,关系
-vascular,血管
-trauma in,创伤
-history of,病史
-vascular assessment and,血管评估
-Shoulder abduction test,肩外展试验
-Shoulder girdle,肩带
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS),肩关节撞击综合征
-Shoulder instability,肩关节不稳
-apprehension test for,恐惧试验
-load and shift test for,负荷和转移测试
-posterior drawer test,后抽屉试验
-sulcus sign for,凹陷征
-Shoulder joint,肩关节
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-Shoulder symptom modification procedures (SSMPs),肩症状改善程序
-Shoulder tests,肩关节试验
-Shuttle walking test,穿梭行走试验
-Side-flexion PPIVM,被动的椎间侧屈生理运动
-Sideways step down/landing test,侧向下/着陆测试
-Signposting,指示
-in physical examination,体格检查
-in remote consultations,远程咨询
-SIJ. See Sacroiliac joints,骶髂关节
-Single-leg squat,单腿蹲
-SIS. See Shoulder impingement syndrome,肩关节撞击综合征
-Skin colour,肤色
-lumbar region and,腰区
-Skin moisture,皮肤水分
-localized increase of,局部增加
-SLAP tests. See Superior labral anterior-posterior (SLAP) tests,上盂唇前后向测试
-SLR. See Straight-leg raise,直腿抬高
-Slump test,塌陷测试
-Small fibre testing,小纤毛测试
-Small talk,闲聊
-first impressions and,第一印象
-SMART goals,SMART目标
-"Smiling, in nonverbal behaviours",非言语行为中
-Smooth pursuit neck torsion test,平滑跟踪颈部扭转试验
-SNAGs. See Sustained natural apophyseal glides,持续生理性小面关节滑动
-SNOOP mnemonic,SNOOP助记符号
-yellow flag screening using,筛查用黄旗征
-"SOAP. See Subjective, objective, analysis and plan",主观、客观、分析和计划
-Social history,社会史
-for examination,检查
-in elbow region,在肘区
-foot and ankle examination,足踝检查
-subjective examination and,主观检查
-Social opportunity,社会机遇
-Socratic questions,苏格拉底式提问
-Soft tissues,软组织
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-foot and ankle examination and,足踝检查
-hip region examination and,髋区检查
-knee region examination and,膝区检查
-observation of,视诊
-wrist and hand examination and,腕手检查
-"Soleus, muscle length of",比目鱼肌，肌长度
-Special tests,特殊试验
-Specificity,特异度
-in physical examination,体格检查
-Speed of movement,运动速度
-in active physiological movements,在主动生理运动中
-"Speed’s test, for bicipital tendinopathy",Speed测试，用于肱二头肌腱病变
-"Spinal cancer, red-flag screening for",脊柱癌症，筛查红旗征
-Spinal cord compression,脊髓压迫
-Spinal fracture,脊柱骨折
-red-flag screening for,筛查红旗征
-Spinal manipulation,脊柱手法
-clinical prediction rules of,临床预测规则
-criteria for,标准
-Spinal masqueraders,脊柱伪装者
-"Spinal spondylolysis, presence of",脊柱峡部裂，存在
-Spine,脊柱
-lumbar region and,腰区
-Splenius capitis,头夹肌
-Spondylosis,椎关节强直
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Sports-related chronic groin pain,运动相关的慢性腹股沟疼痛
-Spurling’s neck compression test,Surling颈部加压测试
-Squeeze test,挤压试验
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-for hip region,髋区
-SSMPs. See Shoulder symptom modification procedures,肩症状改善程序
-Stage of condition,状态阶段
-Stages-of-change model,变革阶段模型
-Stair climbing tests,爬楼梯试验
-Stand-up test,站立测试
-Standard active testing,标准主动测试
-Standing hip flexion test (Gillet test),站位屈髋测试（Gillet测试）
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-Stanmore Triangle,Stanmore三角
-shoulder instability and,肩关节不稳
-Star excursion balance test (SEBT),星形平衡测试
-STarT MSK Tool,STarT MSK工具
-Step-by-step approach,循序渐进的方法
-to subjective and physical examination,主观印象和体格检查
-Step down/single leg landing/load acceptance test,下台/单腿着陆/承载试验
-"Stereognosis, of hand",实体觉，手
-Sternoclavicular joint,胸锁关节
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-Sternocleidomastoid (SCM),胸锁乳突肌肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-Sternocostal fibres,胸肋纤维
-length testing of,长度测试
-Sternocostal joints,胸肋关节
-accessory movements in,附属运动
-Steroid therapy,类固醇治疗
-Stiff shoulder,肩关节僵硬
-Stiffness,僵硬
-in elbow region,在肘区
-Straight-leg raise (SLR),直腿抬高
-"Stretch pattern, regular",拉伸模式，规律的
-Stroke,卒中
-Sub-acromial pain syndrome (SAPS),肩峰下疼痛综合征
-"Subclinical stage, of cancer",亚临床分期，癌症
-"Subjective, objective, analysis and plan (SOAP)",主观，客观，分析和计划
-Subjective examination,主观检查
-aggravating and easing factors in,加重和缓解因素
-aim of,目标
-body chart for,身体图示
-abnormal sensations in,感觉异常
-area of current symptoms in,当前症状区
-areas relevant to the region being examined in,检查部位相关区
-of cervicothoracic region,颈胸区
-assessment tools and patient reported outcome measures,评估工具和患者报告的结局指标
-patients’ perspective,患者观点
-"chronicity, risk factors for",慢性，危险因素
-clinical reasoning in,临床推理
-"form of, using hypothesis categories",形式，使用假设分类
-of elbow region,肘区
-family history in,家族史
-"function of, impact on",功能，影响
-of hip region,髋区
-history of present condition in,现病史
-of knee region,膝区
-of lumbar region,腰区
-pain in,疼痛
-characteristics of,特征
-definition of,定义
-dimensions of,范围
-intensity,强度
-quality of,性质
-referred,牵涉的
-past medical history in,既往史
-patient’s perspective in,患者的观点
-of pelvis,用于骨盆
-physical examination,体格检查
-plan in,计划
-"radiographs, medical imaging and tests in",放射学，医学影像和测试
-screening/special questions for,筛查/特殊问题
-cancer in,癌症
-cardiovascular disease in,心血管疾病
-cervical artery dysfunction in,颈动脉功能障碍
-diabetes mellitus in,糖尿病
-drug therapy in,药物治疗
-epilepsy in,癫痫
-general health in,健康状况
-human immunodeficiency virus,人免疫缺陷病毒
-hypermobility spectrum disorder in,高迁移谱症
-inflammatory arthritis in,炎症性关节炎
-neurological symptoms in,神经症状
-neuropathic pain symptoms in,神经性疼痛症状
-osteoporosis in,骨质疏松
-respiratory disease in,呼吸系统疾病
-thyroid disease in,甲状腺疾病
-tuberculosis in,结核病
-weight loss in,体重减轻
-of shoulder,肩部
-stage of condition in,状态阶段
-summary of,总结
-symptoms in,症状
-constant or intermittent,持续或间歇
-evening,晚上
-morning,早晨
-night,夜间
-relationship of,关系
-severity and irritability,严重性和激惹性
-twenty-four-hour behaviour of,24小时行为
-of thoracic region,胸区
-of upper cervical region,上颈椎区
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-Suboccipital muscle group,枕下肌群
-Subscapularis,肩胛下肌
-strength testing of,肌力测试
-tendinopathy,肌腱病变
-Gerber ‘lift-off’ for,Gerber“抬离”试验
-Subtalar joint,距下关节
-Sulcus sign,凹陷征
-for shoulder instability,用于肩关节不稳
-Superior labral anterior-posterior (SLAP) tests,上盂唇前后向测试
-for shoulder region,用于肩区
-active compression test,主动加压测试
-biceps load tests I and II,肱二头肌负荷测试Ⅰ和Ⅱ
-Superior radioulnar joint,上桡尺关节
-accessory movements in,附属运动
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-aggravating factors in,加重因素
-Superior tibiofibular joint,上胫腓关节
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-Supine internal rotation in,仰卧位内旋
-degrees abduction,外展角度
-shoulder region and,肩区
-Supracondylar process syndrome,髁上突综合征
-test for,测试
-Suprascapular nerve,肩胛上神经
-palpation of,触诊
-Supraspinatus,冈上肌
-full-thickness tears of,全层撕裂
-external rotation lag sign for,外旋减弱征
-tear or tendinopathy of,撕裂或肌腱病变
-empty and full-can tests for,空罐和满罐试验
-Surgery,手术
-previous,之前
-lumbar region and,腰区
-Sustained movements,持续运动
-in active physiological movements,主动生理运动
-Sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGs),持续生理性小面关节滑动
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-headache,头痛
-upper cervical traction,上颈椎牵引
-Sustained single-leg stance,持续单腿站立
-for hip region,髋区
-Swan-neck deformity of fingers,鹅颈指畸形
-Sway-back posture,摆背姿势
-Sweater finger sign test,Sweater手势测试
-Sweep test,扫描测试
-Swelling,肿胀
-of elbow region,肘区
-observation of,视诊
-sudden,突发的
-"of wrist and hand, tests for",腕手，测试
-Symphysis pubis,耻骨联合
-Symptom modification,症状改善
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in wrist and hand examination,在腕手的检查
-Symptoms,症状
-aggravating factors of,加重因素
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-behaviour of,行为
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-constant or intermittent,持续或间歇
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-evening,晚上
-irritability of,激惹
-morning,早上
-morning and evening,早晨和晚上
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-neurological,神经系统
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-neuropathic pain,神经性疼痛
-night,夜间
-relationship,关系
-relationship of,关系
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-severity and irritability,严重性和激惹性
-severity of,严重性
-twenty-four-hour behaviour of,24小时行为
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-Systematic palpation,系统触诊
-suggested approach to,建议的方法
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in wrist and hand,在腕手
-Table-top relocation test,桌面安装测试
-Talar tilt,距骨倾斜
-Talocrural joint,距小腿关节
-anterior impingement sign of,前方撞击征
-Talus,距骨
-osteochondral defects affecting,软骨缺损影响
-Tandem gait,踵趾步态
-Tarsometatarsal joints,跗跖关节
-TB. See Tuberculosis,结核病
-Technology,技术
-concerns,关注
-in remote consultations,远程咨询
-Tectorial membrane,覆膜
-distraction test for,分离测试
-TED questions,“告诉，解释，描述”式提问
-Temperature sensation,温度觉
-"Temporal artery, palpation of",触诊
-Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD),颞下颌关节功能障碍（TMD）
-classification of,分类
-multidisciplinary team approach to,多学科团队方法
-AROM,主动活动度
-diagnosis,诊断
-HPC,假设结论
-impact on function,对功能的影响
-beliefs and,信仰
-expectations,预期
-informal observation,非��规的视诊
-intraoral observation,口内视诊
-lifestyle/occupation/homelife,生活方式/作业/家庭生活
-outcome measures,结局指标
-palpation,触诊
-planning the objective,规划目标
-screening questions,筛查问题
-strength testing,肌力测试
-other nontemporomandibular joint causes of,其它非颞下颌关节源性
-"relationship between the cervical spine, thoracic and",颈椎，胸椎间关系
-signs and symptoms of,征状和症状
-Temporomandibular joint (TMJ),颞下颌关节（TMJ）
-abnormal sensation in,感觉异常
-accessory movements in,附属运动
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-anatomy review of,复习解剖
-area of current symptoms in,当前症状区
-areas relevant to the region being examined in,检查部位相关区
-articular disc in,关节盘
-bite test for,咬合测试
-bruxism and,磨牙症
-case study for,案例学习
-cervical arterial dysfunction and,颈动脉功能障碍
-clenching and,咬紧
-clicking and,弹响声
-clinical tests and,临床测试
-validity of,有效性
-completion of,完成
-cranial nerve disorders and,颅神经疾病
-deflection of,解散
-dental disorders and,牙科疾病
-deviation of,偏差
-dynamic loading and distraction in,动态负荷和分离
-easing factors in,缓解因素
-headaches and,头痛
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-miscellaneous test for,其他测试
-muscle tests and,肌力测试
-endurance testing,耐力测试
-isometric,等长的
-muscle control,肌肉控制
-muscle strength,肌力
-neurological tests for,神经测试
-dermatomes,皮节
-integrity of nervous system,神经系统的完整性
-myotomes,肌节
-neurodynamic tests,神经动力学测试
-reflex testing,反射检查
-observation of,视诊
-formal,正规的
-informal,非正规的
-of intraoral environment,口腔环境
-of muscle form,肌肉形态
-of posture,姿势
-of soft tissues,软组织
-overpressures to,过压
-pain in,疼痛
-intensity of,强度
-myogenic,肌源性
-quality of,性质
-palpation of,触诊
-via external auditory meatus,经外耳道
-parafunctional habits in,机能异常的习惯
-passive physiological movements in,被动生理运动
-past medical history in,既往史
-physical examination of,体格检查
-plan of,计划
-present condition for,现状
-history of,病史
-subjective examination for,主观检查
-body chart for,身体图示
-patient’s perspective in,患者的看法
-special questions and red-flag screening,特殊问题和筛查红旗征
-symptoms in,症状
-aggravating factors of,加重因素
-behaviour of,行为
-constant or intermittent,持续或间歇性
-ear,耳
-morning and evening,早晨和晚上
-night,夜间
-trismus and,张口受限
-Temporomandibular region,颞下颌区
-Tenderness,压痛
-of bone,骨
-"Tendinopathy, elbow",肌腱病变，肘关节
-"lateral, symptom modification for",外侧，症状改善
-medial,内侧
-Tennis elbow,网球肘
-tests for,测试
-Tenodesis action,肌腱固定作用
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-Tension-type headache (TTH),紧张型头痛
-Tensor fasciae latae,阔筋膜张肌
-muscle length of,肌长度
-Thenar eminence,大鱼际
-muscle strength testing in,肌力测试
-Thessaly test,Thessaly测试
-Thigh,大腿
-symptoms,症状
-referred from,牵涉
-knee region and,膝区
-Thigh thrust test,大腿冲击测试
-for pelvis,用于骨盆
-Thompson’s test,Thompson测试
-for Achilles tendon rupture,用于跟腱断裂
-Thoracic disc,胸椎间盘
-Thoracic outlet syndrome,胸廓出口综合征
-test for,测试
-Thoracic region,胸区
-abnormal sensation in,感觉异常
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-differentiation and symptom modification for,鉴别和症状改善
-aggravating factors in,加重因素
-areas relevant to the region being examined in,检查部位相关区
-assessment tools and patient reported outcome measures in,评估工具和患者报告的结局指标
-body chart in,身体图示
-case study in,案例学习
-complaint in,主诉
-history of,病史
-completion of,完成
-drug history in,用药史
-easing factors in,缓解因素
-general health in,健康状况
-"investigations, injections and imaging in",调查，注射和影像
-miscellaneous tests and,其他测试
-muscle testing and,肌力测试
-neurological integrity in,神经系统完整性
-neurological testing and,神经系统测试
-observation in,视诊
-of aggravating functional activities or positions,症状加重的功能活动或姿势
-formal,正规的
-informal,非正规的
-pain in,疼痛
-intensity of,强度
-palpation in,触诊
-passive accessory intervertebral movements in,椎间关节被动附属运动
-passive physiological intervertebral movements in,被动的椎间生理运动
-past medical history in,既往史
-patient’s perspective in,患者的看法
-pattern recognition and differential diagnosis in,识别模式和鉴别诊断
-"physical, plan of",计划
-presenting condition in,现状
-in ribcage,胸���
-"during respiration,",在呼吸中
-special/screening questions for,特殊/筛查问题
-state of the condition in,状况
-subjective,主观
-symptoms in,症状
-area of current,当前区域
-behaviour of,行为
-constant or intermittent,持续或间歇
-morning and evening,早晨和晚上
-neurological,神经系统
-night,夜间
-relationship of,关系
-vascular,血管
-thoracic spine and,胸椎
-upper motor nerve lesions and,上运动神经元损伤
-vascular tests and,血管测试
-Thoracic spine,胸椎
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-lumbar region and,腰区
-overpressures to,过压
-overview of,概述
-wrist and hand symptoms referred to,腕手部症状
-Thoracic spine dysfunction,胸椎功能障碍
-kinetic chain and,运动链
-Thoracic spine pain,胸椎疼痛
-pattern recognition and differentiation for,识别模式和鉴别
-Thumb,大拇指
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-"Thyroid disease, history of",甲状腺疾病，病史
-Thyroid dysfunction,甲状腺功能障碍
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in wrist and hand examination,在腕手的检查
-Tibial nerve palpation,胫神经触诊
-"Tibial tubercle, enlarged",胫骨结节，放大
-Tibialis anterior,胫前肌
-strength testing of,肌力测试
-Tibialis posterior,胫后肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-muscle length of,肌长度
-Tibiofemoral joint,胫股关节
-accessory movements of,附属运动
-Tinel test,Tinel测试
-Tinel’s sign,Tinel征
-at wrist,腕
-Tissue resistance,软组织抵抗
-"Tissue responses, healing and",软组织反应，愈合
-"Tissue sources, physical impairments and",组织来源，躯体损伤
-TMD,颞下颌关节功能障碍
-TMJ,颞下颌关节
-Toe extension,趾伸
-Toe standing,足趾站立
-Tongue scalloping,舌苔
-Touch,触诊
-role of,角色
-in physical examination,体格检查
-Transverse ligament,横韧带
-Trapezius,斜方肌
-length testing of,长度测试
-strength testing of,肌力测试
-Trauma,创伤
-in ankle,在踝
-in elbow region,在肘区
-history of,病史
-shoulder and,肩
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-to wrist and hand,腕手
-Treatment planning,治疗计划
-of clinical reasoning,临床推理
-Trendelenburg gait,鸭步
-Trendelenburg sign,Trendelenburg征
-Triangular fibrocartilaginous complex load test,三角软骨复合体负荷试验
-Triceps jerk,肱三头肌反射
-Trigger points,扳机点
-active,激活
-referred pain in,牵涉痛
-Trismus,张口受限
-temporomandibular joint and,颞下颌关节
-Trochanteric bursitis,转子滑囊炎
-Trunk muscles,躯干肌
-muscle control of,肌肉控制
-test of,测试
-TTH. See Tension-type headache Tuberculosis (TB),紧张型头痛结核
-history of,病史
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Twenty-four-hour behaviour of symptoms,24小时症状表现
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in elbow region,在肘区
-in foot and ankle,在足踝
-in hip region,在髋区
-in knee region,在膝区
-in lumbar region,在腰区
-in pelvis,在骨盆
-in temporomandibular joint,在颞下颌关节
-in upper cervical region,在上颈椎区
-UCI. See Upper cervical instability,上颈椎不稳
-UCS. See Upper cervical spine,上颈椎
-"Ulna, fracture of",骨折
-Ulnar artery,尺动脉
-Allen test for,Allen测试
-Ulnar drift,尺侧偏移
-Ulnar nerve,尺神经
-compression neuropathy tests,神经卡压试验
-compression of,卡压
-test for,测试
-of upper limb,上肢
-upper-limb neurodynamic test for. See ULNT 3,上肢神经动力学测试
-ULNT 1,上肢神经动力学测试1
-ULNT 2a,上肢神经动力学测试2a
-ULNT 2b,上肢神经动力学测试2b
-ULNT 3,上肢神经动力学测试3
-ULNTs. See Upper limb neurodynamic tests,上肢神经动力学测试
-Ultrasound,超声成像
-of foot and ankle,足踝
-of wrist and hand,腕手
-Unstable surface (soft mat),表面不稳（软面）
-Upper cervical instability (UCI),上颈椎不稳
-innervation of,神经支配
-Upper cervical region,上颈椎区
-active physiological movements of,主动生理运动
-differentiation tests,鉴别试验
-anatomical,解剖的
-overview of,概述
-body chart for,身体图示
-completion of examination for,完成检查
-definition,定义
-C0-C1 (atlanto-occipital joint),寰枕关节
-C1-C2 (atlantoaxial joint),寰枢关节
-C2-3 facet joints,C2-3关节突关节
-muscle testing for,肌力测试
-isometric testing,等长测试
-isotonic testing,等张测试
-muscle length,肌长度
-muscle strength,肌力
-neurological testing for,神经系统测试
-nervous system,神经系统
-integrity of,完整性
-neurodynamic tests,神经动力学测试
-upper motor neurone lesion,上运动神经元损伤
-pathological reflex testing for,病理反射检查
-observation for,视诊
-palpation in,触诊
-nerve,神经
-passive accessory intervertebral movements of,椎间关节被动附属运动
-passive intervertebral examination for,椎间关节被动检查
-physical examination for,体格检查
-relationship of symptoms,症状间关系
-risk factors of,危险因素
-sensorimotor control,感觉运动控制
-subjective examination for,主观检查
-patient’s perspective,患者的看法
-special questions,特殊问题
-sustained natural apophyseal glides,持续生理性小面关节滑动
-"symptoms, behaviour of",症状，行为
-aggravating factors,加重因素
-easing factors,缓解因素
-twenty-four-hour,24小时
-Upper cervical spine (UCS),上颈椎
-dizziness,眩晕
-innervation of,神经支配
-Upper limb,上肢
-dermatomes of,皮肤病
-median nerve of,正中神经
-nerves of,神经
-Upper limb neurodynamic tests (ULNTs),上肢神经动力学测试
-Upper motor neurone lesion,上运动神经元损伤
-test for,测试
-Valgus stress tests,外翻应力测试
-Valgus test,外翻测试
-in elbow region,在肘区
-VAs. See Vertebral arteries,椎动脉
-Vascular assessment,血管评估
-for shoulder,用于肩区
-Vascular symptoms,血管症状
-in cervicothoracic region,在颈胸区
-in shoulder,在肩部
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Vascular tests,血管测试
-for foot and ankle,用于足踝
-for hip region,用于髋区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-for thoracic region,用于胸区
-Vastus intermedius,股中间肌
-muscle strength of,肌力
-strength testing of,肌力测试
-Vastus lateralis,股外侧肌
-muscle strength of,肌力
-strength testing of,肌力测试
-Vastus medialis,股内侧肌
-muscle strength of,肌力
-strength testing of,肌力测试
-Vastus medialis obliquus (VMO),股内斜肌
-VDT. See Vibration disappearance threshold,振动消失阈值
-Vertebral arteries (VAs),椎动脉
-dissection,解剖
-pain presentation for,疼痛表现
-dysfunction,功能障碍
-Vertebrobasilar insufficiency,椎基底动脉供血不足
-Vibration disappearance threshold (VDT),振动消失阈值
-Vibration sensation,振动觉
-Visceral complaints,内脏不适的主诉
-in thoracic region,在胸区
-Visceral pain,内脏痛
-VISI. See Volar intercalated segment instability,掌侧嵌入部分不稳
-Visual analogue scale,视觉模拟尺评分量表
-for recording pain intensity,用于记录疼痛强度
-"Visual aura, migraine and",视觉先兆，偏头痛
-Volar intercalated segment instability (VISI),掌侧嵌入部分不稳
-Volkmann ischaemic contracture,前臂缺血性肌挛缩
-WADs. See Whiplash-associated disorders,挥鞭相关疾病
-Walking tests,步行测试
-Watson (scaphoid shift) test,Watson（舟状骨位移）试验
-Weight-bearing joint,负重关节
-Weight-bearing lunge test,负重弓步测试
-Weight loss,体重减轻
-lumbar region and,腰区
-Wells score,Well评分
-for suspected deep-vein thrombosis,用于疑似深静脉血栓
-WHAT. See Wrist hyperflexion and abduction of the thumb,腕过屈和拇指外展
-Whiplash-associated disorders (WADs),挥鞭相关疾病
-Whiplash-related dizziness,挥鞭相关眩晕
-Wrist and hand,腕手
-behaviour of symptoms of,症状表现
-aggravating factors in,加重因素
-easing factors in,缓解因素
-over time,超时
-body charts of,身体图示
-"area of current symptoms in,",当前症状区
-areas relevant to the region being examined,检查部位相关区
-constant or intermittent symptoms,持续或间歇性症状
-intensity of pain,疼痛强度
-quality of symptoms,症状性质
-relationship of symptoms,症状间关系
-case study on,案例学习
-dysfunction of,功能障碍
-formal observation in,正规的视诊
-muscle form,肌肉形态
-posture,姿势
-soft tissues,软组织
-history in,历史
-past medical,既往
-of present condition,现状
-joint integrity tests for,关节完整性测试
-axial compression test (grind test),轴向加压测试（研磨试验）
-ligamentous instability test for joints of thumb and fingers,拇指和手指关节的韧带不稳测试
-lunotriquetral ballottement (Reagan’s) test in,月骨三角骨撞击（Reagan）试验
-midcarpal shift test in,腕中位移测试
-triangular fibrocartilaginous complex load test in,三角软骨复合体负荷试验
-Watson (scaphoid shift) test in,Watson（舟状骨位移）试验
-muscle tests for,肌力测试
-isometric muscle testing,等长肌力测试
-muscle length,肌长度
-muscle strength,肌力
-other muscle/tendon tests,其他肌肉/肌腱测试
-neurological testing for,神经系统测试
-"compression neuropathy, testing for",神经卡压试验，测试
-integrity of nervous system,神经系统的完整性
-neurodynamic tests in,神经动力学测试
-observation in,视诊
-formal,正规的
-informal,非正式的
-overview in,概述
-physical examination for,体格检查
-accessory movements in,附属运动
-active physiological movements in,主动生理运动
-completion of,完成
-functional testing in,功能性测试
-joint integrity tests in,关节完整性测试
-muscle tests in,肌力测试
-observation in,视诊
-palpation,触诊
-passive physiological movements in,被动生理运���
-planning of,计划
-reassessment asterisks in,复评标记星号
-special/screening questions on,特殊/筛查问题
-subjective examination for,主观检查
-behaviour of symptoms,症状表现
-body chart in,身体图示
-history of the present condition,现病史
-past medical history in,既往史
-patients’ perspective on their experience,患者对其经历的观点
-planning physical examination in,计划体格检查
-special/screening questions on,特殊/筛查问题
-symptom modification in,症状改善
-vascular assessment for,血管评估
-Allen test,Allen测试
-figure-of-eight measurement,“8”字测量
-Wrist hyperflexion and abduction of the thumb (WHAT) test,腕过屈和拇指外展测试
-Wrist joint,腕关节
-in joint clearing tests,在关节筛查测试
-for elbow region,用于肘区
-for knee region,用于膝区
-for lumbar region,用于腰区
-for scaphoid fractures,用于舟状骨骨折
-for shoulder,用于肩区
-Yellow flags,黄旗征
-Yergason’s test,Yergason测试
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