</path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>)</p><h4 id=\"programm-1\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#programm-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Programm</h4><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> source_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> dest_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> dest_starting_lamports <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dest_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>dest_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dest_starting_lamports\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">checked_add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> source_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n source_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fill</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> dest_starting_lamports <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dest_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>dest_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dest_starting_lamports\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">checked_add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> source_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\nsource_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fill</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h4 id=\"client-2\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#client-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Client</h4><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// setup fee payer</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// remember to deploy your program first</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"An47uBJ8kY7hzKPzDyRoFSsDHkZFY9vkfUGpTViWqLFz"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1. create an account to your program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> newAccountKeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">new account: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> createNewAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.1 SOL</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// a random value</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">create account txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n createNewAccountTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2. close your account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> closeAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">close account txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>closeAccountTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1. create an account to your program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> createNewAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.1 SOL</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// a random value</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2. close your account</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> closeAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-erhalten-sie-den-kontostand\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erhalten-sie-den-kontostand\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erhalten Sie den Kontostand</h2><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">C++</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> SOL</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> SOL</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>native_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">FromStr</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"The account {}, has {} SOL "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n balance <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>rpc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>api <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Client\n\nclient <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nkey_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\npublic_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>get_balance<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>client <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nkey_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\npublic_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nclient<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>get_balance<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// clang++ get_balance.cpp -o get_balance -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana.hpp"</span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">using</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">namespace</span> many<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Connection <span class=\"token function\">connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> public_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"public_key = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">uint64_t</span> balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"balance = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> balance <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code>Connection <span class=\"token function\">connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> public_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">uint64_t</span> balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">TIP</p><p>If you want to get a token balance, you will need to know the address of token account. For more information, see <a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"\">Token References</a></p></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 91437574+partiallysorted@users.noreply.github.com\">Partially Sorted</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 93952610+0xNyk@users.noreply.github.com\">nyk</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class=\"next\"><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n </body>\n</html>\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":76,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de/references/programs.html"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"de-DE\">\n <head>\n <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1\">\n <meta name=\"generator\" content=\"VuePress 2.0.0-beta.36\">\n <style>\n :root {\n --c-bg: #fff;\n }\n html.dark {\n --c-bg: #22272e;\n }\n html, body {\n background-color: var(--c-bg);\n }\n </style>\n <script>\n const userMode = localStorage.getItem('vuepress-color-scheme');\n\t\t\tconst systemDarkMode = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;\n\t\t\tif (userMode === 'dark' || (userMode !== 'light' && systemDarkMode)) {\n\t\t\t\tdocument.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', true);\n\t\t\t}\n </script>\n <meta name=\"title\" content=\"Solana Cookbook | Referenzen zum Solana-Programm\"><meta name=\"og:title\" content=\"Solana Cookbook | Referenzen zum Solana-Programm\"><meta name=\"description\" content=\"Erfahren Sie, wie Sie Programme mit Verweisen auf programmübergreifende Aufrufe, Lesekonten und mehr auf Solana schreiben\"><meta name=\"og:description\" content=\"Erfahren Sie, wie Sie Programme mit Verweisen auf programmübergreifende Aufrufe, Lesekonten und mehr auf Solana schreiben\"><meta name=\"og:image\" content=\"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png\"><meta name=\"og:image:alt\" content=\"Solana splash card\"><meta name=\"twitter:card\" 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d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span><!--[--><!--]--></a></div><div class=\"navbar-item\"><div class=\"navbar-dropdown-wrapper\"><button class=\"navbar-dropdown-title\" type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Select language\"><span class=\"title\">Languages</span><span class=\"arrow down\"></span></button><button class=\"navbar-dropdown-title-mobile\" type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Select language\"><span class=\"title\">Languages</span><span class=\"right arrow\"></span></button><!--[--><ul style=\"display:none;\" class=\"navbar-dropdown\"><!--[--><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"English\"><!--[--><!--]--> English 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class=\"\" aria-label=\"ไทย\"><!--[--><!--]--> ไทย <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fr/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Français\"><!--[--><!--]--> Français <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/id/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Bahasa Indonesia\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/kr/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"한국어\"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/tr/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Türkçe\"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/ja/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"日本語\"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Für Beginner <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Installation\"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/programs.html#so-ubertragen-sie-sol-in-einem-programm\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So übertragen Sie SOL in einem Programm\"><!--[--><!--]--> So übertragen Sie SOL in einem Programm <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/programs.html#wie-bekomme-ich-die-uhr-in-ein-programm\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Wie bekomme ich die Uhr in ein Programm?\"><!--[--><!--]--> Wie bekomme ich die Uhr in ein Programm? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/programs.html#passing-clock-als-konto-innerhalb-einer-anweisung\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Passing Clock als Konto innerhalb einer Anweisung\"><!--[--><!--]--> Passing Clock als Konto innerhalb einer Anweisung <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/programs.html#direkter-zugriff-auf-die-uhr-innerhalb-einer-anweisung\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Direkter Zugriff auf die Uhr innerhalb einer Anweisung\"><!--[--><!--]--> Direkter Zugriff auf die Uhr innerhalb einer Anweisung <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/programs.html#so-andern-sie-die-kontogroße\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So ändern Sie die Kontogröße\"><!--[--><!--]--> So ändern Sie die Kontogröße <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/programs.html#wie-man-einen-programmubergreifenden-aufruf-durchfuhrt\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Wie man einen programmübergreifenden Aufruf durchführt\"><!--[--><!--]--> Wie man einen programmübergreifenden Aufruf durchführt <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/programs.html#so-erstellen-sie-einen-pda\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So erstellen Sie einen PDA\"><!--[--><!--]--> So erstellen Sie einen PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/programs.html#wie-man-konten-liest\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Wie man Konten liest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Wie man Konten liest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/programs.html#so-verifizieren-sie-konten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So verifizieren Sie Konten\"><!--[--><!--]--> So verifizieren Sie Konten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/programs.html#so-lesen-sie-mehrere-anweisungen-aus-einer-transaktion\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So lesen Sie mehrere Anweisungen aus einer Transaktion\"><!--[--><!--]--> So lesen Sie mehrere Anweisungen aus einer Transaktion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"programme-schreiben\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#programme-schreiben\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Programme schreiben</h1><h2 id=\"so-ubertragen-sie-sol-in-einem-programm\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-ubertragen-sie-sol-in-einem-programm\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So übertragen Sie SOL in einem Programm</h2><p>Ihr Solana-Programm kann Lamports von einem Konto auf ein anderes übertragen ohne das Systemprogramm "aufzurufen". Die Grundregel ist die Ihr Programm kann Lamports von jedem Konto übertragen, das Ihrem Programm überhaupt auf irgendein Konto <strong>gehört</strong> .</p><p>Das Empfängerkonto <em>muss nicht</em> ein Konto Ihres Programms sein.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">/// Transfers lamports from one account (must be program owned)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// to another account. The recipient can by any account</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">transfer_service_fee_lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n from_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n to_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n amount_of_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Does the from account have enough lamports to transfer?</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>from_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_borrow_lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> amount_of_lamports <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">CustomError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InsufficientFundsForTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Debit from_account and credit to_account</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>from_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-=</span> amount_of_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>to_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> amount_of_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Primary function handler associated with instruction sent</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// to your program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">instruction_handler</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get the 'from' and 'to' accounts</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> from_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> to_service_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Extract a service 'fee' of 5 lamports for performing this instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">transfer_service_fee_lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>from_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> to_service_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Perform the primary instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// ... etc.</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"wie-bekomme-ich-die-uhr-in-ein-programm\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-bekomme-ich-die-uhr-in-ein-programm\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie bekomme ich die Uhr in ein Programm?</h2><p>Das Erhalten einer Uhr kann auf zwei Arten erfolgen</p><ol><li>Übergabe von <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> an eine Anweisung</li><li>Direkter Zugriff auf die Uhr innerhalb einer Anweisung.</li></ol><p>Es ist schön, beide Methoden zu kennen, da einige ältere Programme immer noch den <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> als Konto erwarten.</p><h3 id=\"passing-clock-als-konto-innerhalb-einer-anweisung\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#passing-clock-als-konto-innerhalb-einer-anweisung\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Passing Clock als Konto innerhalb einer Anweisung</h3><p>Lassen Sie uns eine Anweisung erstellen, die ein Konto zum Initialisieren und den Sysvar-Pubkey erhält</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">HelloState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [] Clock sys var</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Payer account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> _payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Clock sysvar</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> sysvar_clock_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HelloState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Type casting [AccountInfo] to [Clock]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> clock <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sysvar_clock_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Getting timestamp</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> current_timestamp <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Current Timestamp: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> current_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> clock <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sysvar_clock_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> current_timestamp <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Nun übergeben wir die öffentliche Sysvar-Adresse der Uhr über den Client</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"77ezihTV6mTh2Uf3ggwbYF2NyGJJ5HHah1GrdowWJVD3"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdropping 1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> helloAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> accountSpace <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// because there exists just one boolean variable</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> rentRequired <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n accountSpace\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Allocating space for hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> allocateHelloAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> rentRequired<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> accountSpace<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Passing Clock Sys Var</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> passClockIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>allocateHelloAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> passClockIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"77ezihTV6mTh2Uf3ggwbYF2NyGJJ5HHah1GrdowWJVD3"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Passing Clock Sys Var</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> passClockIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_signer<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n is_writable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>passClockIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"direkter-zugriff-auf-die-uhr-innerhalb-einer-anweisung\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#direkter-zugriff-auf-die-uhr-innerhalb-einer-anweisung\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Direkter Zugriff auf die Uhr innerhalb einer Anweisung</h3><p>Lassen Sie uns dieselbe Anweisung erstellen, aber ohne den <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> von der Client-Seite zu erwarten.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">HelloState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Payer account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> _payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Getting clock directly</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> clock <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HelloState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Getting timestamp</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> current_timestamp <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Current Timestamp: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> current_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> clock <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> current_timestamp <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Die clientseitige Anweisung muss jetzt nur noch die Staats- und Zahlerkonten übergeben.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4ZEdbCtb5UyCSiAMHV5eSHfyjq3QwbG3yXb6oHD7RYjk"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdropping 1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> helloAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> accountSpace <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// because there exists just one boolean variable</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> rentRequired <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n accountSpace\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Allocating space for hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> allocateHelloAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> rentRequired<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> accountSpace<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> initIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>allocateHelloAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> initIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4ZEdbCtb5UyCSiAMHV5eSHfyjq3QwbG3yXb6oHD7RYjk"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// No more requirement to pass clock sys var key</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> initAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>initAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-andern-sie-die-kontogroße\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-andern-sie-die-kontogroße\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So ändern Sie die Kontogröße</h2><p>Sie können die Größe eines programmeigenen Kontos mit der Verwendung ändern von "realloc". <code>realloc</code> kann die Größe eines Kontos auf bis zu 10 KB ändern. Wenn Sie "realloc" verwenden, um die Größe eines Kontos zu erhöhen, müssen Sie Lamports übertragen, um dieses Konto mietfrei zu behalten.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">crate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">state<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">WhiteListData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>convert<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">TryInto</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n input<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Length = BOOL + VEC + Pubkey * n (n = number of keys)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"input: {:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> input<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>input<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> funding_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pda_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> instruction <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Initialize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Initialize"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pda_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">find_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"customaddress"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"customaddress"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>pda_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_required <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports_required<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>_program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WhiteListData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>white_list <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AddKey</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"AddKey"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WhiteListData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> new_size <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> new_minimum_balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>new_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_diff <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> new_minimum_balance<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">saturating_sub</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lamports_diff<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">realloc</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>new_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>white_list<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">104</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">105</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">106</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">107</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">108</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">109</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">110</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">111</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">112</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">113</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">114</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">115</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">116</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">117</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">118</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">119</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// adding a publickey to the account</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> new_size <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> new_minimum_balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>new_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_diff <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> new_minimum_balance<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">saturating_sub</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lamports_diff<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\npda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">realloc</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>new_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"wie-man-einen-programmubergreifenden-aufruf-durchfuhrt\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-man-einen-programmubergreifenden-aufruf-durchfuhrt\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie man einen programmübergreifenden Aufruf durchführt</h2><p>Ein programmübergreifender Aufruf wird einfach als Aufruf von Programmanweisungen innerhalb unseres Programms bezeichnet</p><p>. Ein bestes Beispiel hervorzuheben ist die "swap"-Funktionalität von Uniswap. Der <code>UniswapV2Router</code> Vertrag, ruft die notwendige Logik auf, und ruft die Übertragungsfunktion des "ERC20"-Vertrags auf, die von einer Person zur anderen wechseln. Genauso können wir die Anweisung eines Programms aufrufen, um eine Vielzahl von Zwecken zu erfüllen.</p><p>Werfen wir einen Blick auf unser erstes Beispiel, nämlich die Anweisung zur Übertragung des SPL-Token-Programms. Die erforderlichen Konten, die wir für eine Überweisung benötigen, sind</p><ol><li>Das Quell-Token-Konto (Das Konto, auf dem wir unsere Token halten)</li><li>Das Ziel-Token-Konto (das Konto, auf das wir unsere Token übertragen würden)</li><li>Inhaber des Quell-Token-Kontos (Unsere Wallet-Adresse, für die wir unterschreiben würden)</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">spl_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>transfer<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [writable] Source Token Account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] Destination Token Account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [signer] Source Token Account holder's PubKey</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 4. [] Token Program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required for token transfer</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1. Token account we hold</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> source_token_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2. Token account to send to</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> destination_token_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 3. Our wallet address</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> source_token_account_holder <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 4. Token Program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> token_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Parsing the token transfer amount from instruction data</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// a. Getting the 0th to 8th index of the u8 byte array</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// b. Converting the obtained non zero u8 to a proper u8 (as little endian integers)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// c. Converting the little endian integers to a u64 number</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> token_transfer_amount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">and_then</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>slice<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> slice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Transferring {} tokens from {} to {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n token_transfer_amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n source_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n destination_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Creating a new TransactionInstruction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n Internal representation of the instruction's return value (Result<Instruction, ProgramError>)\n\n Ok(Instruction {\n program_id: *token_program_id, // PASSED FROM USER\n accounts,\n data,\n })\n */</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> transfer_tokens_instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>token_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>destination_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n token_transfer_amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> required_accounts_for_transfer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n source_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n destination_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Passing the TransactionInstruction to send</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>transfer_tokens_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>required_accounts_for_transfer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transfer successful"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> token_transfer_amount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">and_then</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>slice<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> slice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> transfer_tokens_instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>token_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>destination_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n token_transfer_amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> required_accounts_for_transfer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n source_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n destination_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>transfer_tokens_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>required_accounts_for_transfer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><br> Die entsprechende Client-Anweisung wäre wie folgt. Um die Mint- und Token-Erstellungsanweisungen zu kennen, lesen Sie bitte den vollständigen Code in der Nähe. <br><br><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n AccountLayout<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n MintLayout<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n u64<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BN</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bn.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Users</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">RECEIVER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Mint and token accounts</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Numbers</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">50</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span> <span class=\"token operator\">**</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">...</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token constant\">BN</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toArray</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"le"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"EfYK91eN3AqTwY1C34W6a33qGAtQ8HJYVhNv7cV4uMZj"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintDataSpace <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> MintLayout<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>span<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintRentRequired <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n mintDataSpace\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenDataSpace <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> AccountLayout<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>span<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenRentRequired <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenDataSpace\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdropping some SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Allocating space and rent for mint account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createMintAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mintRentRequired<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mintDataSpace<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Initializing mint with decimals and authority</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> initializeMintIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createInitMintInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mintAuthority</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// freezeAuthority</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Allocating space and rent for source token account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createSourceTokenAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> tokenRentRequired<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> tokenDataSpace<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Initializing token account with mint and owner</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> initializeSourceTokenAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createInitAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Minting tokens to the source token account for transferring later to destination account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintTokensIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createMintToInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Allocating space and rent for destination token account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createDestinationTokenAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> tokenRentRequired<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> tokenDataSpace<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Initializing token account with mint and owner</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> initializeDestinationTokenAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createInitAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">RECEIVER_KEYPAIR</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Our program's CPI instruction (transfer)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transferTokensIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n createMintAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n initializeMintIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createSourceTokenAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n initializeSourceTokenAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mintTokensIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createDestinationTokenAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n initializeDestinationTokenAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n transferTokensIx\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Token transfer CPI success: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span 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class=\"line-number\">145</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">146</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">147</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">148</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">149</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">150</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">151</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">152</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">153</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">154</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">155</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">156</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">157</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">158</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">159</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">160</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">161</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">162</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">163</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">164</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">165</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">166</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">167</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">168</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">169</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">170</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"EfYK91eN3AqTwY1C34W6a33qGAtQ8HJYVhNv7cV4uMZj"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transferTokensIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transferTokensIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Token transfer CPI success: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Schauen wir uns nun ein weiteres Beispiel an, nämlich die Anweisung create_account des Systemprogramms. Es gibt einen kleinen Unterschied zwischen der oben erwähnten Anweisung und dieser. Dort mussten wir das <code>token_program</code> nie als eines der Konten innerhalb der <code>invoke</code>-Funktion übergeben. Es gibt jedoch Ausnahmen, bei denen Sie die <code>program_id</code> der aufrufenden Anweisung übergeben müssen. In unserem Fall wäre es die program_id des <code>Systemprogramms</code>. ("11111111111111111111111111111111"). So jetzt wären die benötigten Accounts</p><ol><li>Das Zahlerkonto, das die Miete finanziert</li><li>Das Konto, das erstellt werden soll</li><li>Systemprogrammkonto</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>create_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer Account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [signer, writable] General State Account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [] System Program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required for token transfer</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1. Payer account for the state account creation</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2. Token account we hold</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> general_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 3. System Program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Creating account for {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n general_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Parsing the token transfer amount from instruction data</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// a. Getting the 0th to 8th index of the u8 byte array</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// b. Converting the obtained non zero u8 to a proper u8 (as little endian integers)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// c. Converting the little endian integers to a u64 number</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_span <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">and_then</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>slice<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> slice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_required <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_span <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Creating a new TransactionInstruction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n Internal representation of the instruction's return value (Instruction)\n\n Instruction::new_with_bincode(\n system_program::id(), // NOT PASSED FROM USER\n &SystemInstruction::CreateAccount {\n lamports,\n space,\n owner: *owner,\n },\n account_metas,\n )\n */</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_account_instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>general_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports_required<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_span<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> required_accounts_for_create <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n general_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Passing the TransactionInstruction to send (with the issused program_id)</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_account_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>required_accounts_for_create<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transfer successful"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_span <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">and_then</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>slice<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> slice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_required <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_span <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_account_instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>general_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports_required<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_span<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> required_accounts_for_create <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n general_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_account_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>required_accounts_for_create<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Der entsprechende clientseitige Code sieht wie folgt aus</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Keypair <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> SystemProgram <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> TransactionInstruction <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BN</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bn.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Users</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">...</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token constant\">BN</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">100</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toArray</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"le"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"DkuQ5wsndkzXfgqDB6Lgf4sDjBi4gkLSak1dM5Mn2RuQ"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdropping some SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Our program's CPI instruction (create_account)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>createAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Create Account CPI Success: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"DkuQ5wsndkzXfgqDB6Lgf4sDjBi4gkLSak1dM5Mn2RuQ"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdropping some SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Our program's CPI instruction (create_account)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> creataAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>creataAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Create Account CPI Success: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-erstellen-sie-einen-pda\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erstellen-sie-einen-pda\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erstellen Sie einen PDA</h2><p>Eine vom Programm abgeleitete Adresse ist einfach ein Konto, das dem Programm gehört, aber keinen privaten Schlüssel hat. Stattdessen wird seine Signatur durch eine Reihe von Samen und eine Beule (eine Nonce, die sicherstellt, dass es außerhalb der Kurve liegt) erhalten. Das „<strong>Generieren</strong>“ einer Programmadresse unterscheidet sich von dem „<strong>Erstellen</strong>“. Man kann einen PDA mit <code>Pubkey::find_program_address</code> generieren. Das Erstellen eines PDA bedeutet im Wesentlichen, die Adresse mit Leerzeichen zu initialisieren und den Status darauf zu setzen. Ein normales Keypair-Konto kann außerhalb unseres Programms erstellt und dann zur Initialisierung seines Status gefüttert werden. Leider wurde es für PDAs in einer Kette erstellt, da es nicht möglich ist, im eigenen Namen zu unterzeichnen. Daher verwenden wir "invoke_signed", um die Samen des PDA zusammen mit der Signatur des Finanzierungskontos zu übergeben, was zur Kontoerstellung eines PDA führt.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">HelloState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer, writable] Funding account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] PDA account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [] System Program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Getting required accounts</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> funding_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pda_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Getting PDA Bump from instruction data</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>pda_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">split_first</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if passed PDA and expected PDA are equal</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"customaddress"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>pda_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pda <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">create_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Assessing required lamports and creating transaction instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_required <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports_required<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Invoking the instruction but with PDAs as additional signer</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setting state for PDA</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HelloState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports_required<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Man kann die erforderlichen Konten wie folgt per Client senden</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"6eW5nnSosr2LpkUGCdznsjRGDhVb26tLmiM1P8RV1QQp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdop to Payer</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"customaddress"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">PDA Pubkey: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createPDAIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>createPDAIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Created PDA successfully. Tx Hash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"6eW5nnSosr2LpkUGCdznsjRGDhVb26tLmiM1P8RV1QQp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"customaddress"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createPDAIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>createPDAIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"wie-man-konten-liest\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-man-konten-liest\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie man Konten liest</h2><p>Fast alle Anweisungen in Solana würden mindestens 2 - 3 Konten erfordern, und sie würden über den Anweisungshandlern erwähnt, in welcher Reihenfolge diese Konten erwartet werden. Es ist ziemlich einfach, wenn wir die Methode <code>iter()</code> in Rust nutzen, anstatt die Konten manuell zu indizieren. Die Methode "next_account_info" schneidet im Grunde den ersten Index des Iterables und gibt das Konto zurück, das im Konten-Array vorhanden ist. Sehen wir uns eine einfache Anweisung an, die eine Reihe von Konten erwartet und jedes von ihnen analysieren muss.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">HelloState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer] Payer</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [] Rent account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 4. [] System Program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Fetching all the accounts as a iterator (facilitating for loops and iterations)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Payer account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Rent account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// System Program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Fetching all the accounts as a iterator (facilitating for loops and iterations)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Payer account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Rent account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// System Program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-verifizieren-sie-konten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-verifizieren-sie-konten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So verifizieren Sie Konten</h2><p>Da Programme in Solana zustandslos sind, müssen wir als Programmersteller sicherstellen, dass die übergebenen Konten so weit wie möglich validiert werden, um einen böswilligen Kontoeintrag zu vermeiden. Die grundlegenden Überprüfungen, die man durchführen kann, sind</p><ol><li>Überprüfen Sie, ob das erwartete Unterzeichnerkonto tatsächlich unterschrieben hat</li><li>Überprüfen Sie, ob die erwarteten Statuskonten als beschreibbar markiert wurden</li><li>Überprüfen Sie, ob der Besitzer des erwarteten Statuskontos die aufgerufene Programm-ID ist</li><li>Wenn Sie den Status zum ersten Mal initialisieren, überprüfen Sie, ob das Konto bereits initialisiert wurde oder nicht.</li><li>Überprüfen Sie, ob alle übergebenen programmübergreifenden IDs (falls erforderlich) wie erwartet sind.</li></ol><p>Eine grundlegende Anweisung, die ein Heldenstatuskonto initialisiert, jedoch mit den oben erwähnten Überprüfungen, wird unten definiert.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token constant\">ID</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">HelloState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer] Payer</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [] System Program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Payer account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// System Program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if payer account is the signer</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account is rent exempt</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_exempt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountNotRentExempt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account is writable</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_writable <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account's owner is the current program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IllegalOwner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if the system program is valid</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token constant\">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HelloState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if the state has already been initialized</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountAlreadyInitialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if payer account is the signer</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account is rent exempt</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_exempt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountNotRentExempt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account is writable</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_writable <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account's owner is the current program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IllegalOwner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if the system program is valid</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token constant\">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HelloState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if the state has already been initialized</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountAlreadyInitialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-lesen-sie-mehrere-anweisungen-aus-einer-transaktion\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-lesen-sie-mehrere-anweisungen-aus-einer-transaktion\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So lesen Sie mehrere Anweisungen aus einer Transaktion</h2><p>Solana ermöglicht es uns, einen Blick auf alle Anweisungen in der aktuellen Transaktion zu werfen. Wir können sie in einer Variablen und speichern über sie iterieren. Wir können damit viele Dinge tun, z. B. nach verdächtigen Transaktionen suchen.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">anchor_lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">prelude<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">serialize_utils<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>read_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>read_u16<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">declare_id!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"8DJXJRV8DBFjJDYyU9cTHBVK1F1CTCi6JUBDVfyBxqsT"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[program]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mod</span> <span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\">cookbook</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">super</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">read_multiple_instruction</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Context</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ReadMultipleInstruction</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> creator_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction_sysvar_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>instruction_sysvar_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction_sysvar_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_sysvar_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> id <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"8DJXJRV8DBFjJDYyU9cTHBVK1F1CTCi6JUBDVfyBxqsT"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction_sysvar <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_sysvar_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> idx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> num_instructions <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> idx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>_<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">NoInstructionFound</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> index <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>num_instructions <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>index <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> start <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n current <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> start <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> num_accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n current <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>num_accounts <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_id <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> program_id <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transaction had ix with program id {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MyError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SuspiciousTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[instruction(creator_bump:u8)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">ReadMultipleInstruction</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[account(address = sysvar::instructions::id())]</span>\n instruction_sysvar_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">UncheckedAccount</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[error_code]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">enum</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">MyError</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[msg(<span class=\"token string\">"No instructions found"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">NoInstructionFound</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[msg(<span class=\"token string\">"Suspicious transaction detected"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">SuspiciousTransaction</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> idx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> num_instructions <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> idx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>_<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">NoInstructionFound</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> index <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>num_instructions <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>index <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> start <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n current <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> start <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> num_accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n current <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>num_accounts <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 93952610+0xNyk@users.noreply.github.com\">nyk</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class=\"next\"><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n </body>\n</html>\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":77,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de/references/local-development.html"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"de-DE\">\n <head>\n <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1\">\n <meta name=\"generator\" content=\"VuePress 2.0.0-beta.36\">\n <style>\n :root {\n --c-bg: #fff;\n }\n html.dark {\n --c-bg: #22272e;\n }\n html, body {\n background-color: var(--c-bg);\n }\n </style>\n <script>\n const userMode = localStorage.getItem('vuepress-color-scheme');\n\t\t\tconst systemDarkMode = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;\n\t\t\tif (userMode === 'dark' || (userMode !== 'light' && systemDarkMode)) {\n\t\t\t\tdocument.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', true);\n\t\t\t}\n </script>\n <meta name=\"title\" content=\"Solana Kochbuch | Lokale Entwicklung\"><meta name=\"og:title\" content=\"Solana Kochbuch | Lokale Entwicklung\"><meta name=\"description\" content=\"Richten Sie Local Validator für die lokale Entwicklerumgebung und Airdrop SOL ein. Erfahren Sie mehr über lokale Entwicklung und weitere Referenzen für Building on Solana im Solana-Kochbuch.\"><meta name=\"og:description\" content=\"Richten Sie Local Validator für die lokale Entwicklerumgebung und Airdrop SOL ein. 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href=\"/tr/references/local-development.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Türkçe\"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/ja/references/local-development.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"日本語\"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/references/local-development.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Für Beginner <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Installation\"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/local-development.html#starten-eines-lokalen-validators\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Starten eines lokalen Validators\"><!--[--><!--]--> Starten eines lokalen Validators <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/local-development.html#verbindung-zu-umgebungen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Verbindung zu Umgebungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Verbindung zu Umgebungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/local-development.html#abonnieren-von-veranstaltungen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Abonnieren von Veranstaltungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Abonnieren von Veranstaltungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/local-development.html#test-sol-erhalten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Test SOL erhalten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Test SOL erhalten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/local-development.html#verwenden-von-mainnet-konten-und-programmen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Verwenden von Mainnet-Konten und -Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Verwenden von Mainnet-Konten und -Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/local-development.html#so-laden-sie-konten-aus-dem-mainnet\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So laden Sie Konten aus dem Mainnet\"><!--[--><!--]--> So laden Sie Konten aus dem Mainnet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/local-development.html#so-laden-sie-programme-aus-dem-mainnet\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So laden Sie Programme aus dem Mainnet\"><!--[--><!--]--> So laden Sie Programme aus dem Mainnet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"lokale-entwicklung\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#lokale-entwicklung\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Lokale Entwicklung</h1><h2 id=\"starten-eines-lokalen-validators\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#starten-eines-lokalen-validators\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Starten eines lokalen Validators</h2><p>Das lokale Testen Ihres Programmcodes kann viel zuverlässiger sein als Testen auf devnet und kann Ihnen beim Testen helfen, bevor Sie es auf devnet ausprobieren.</p><p>Sie können Ihren Local-Test-Validator einrichten, indem Sie die <a href=\"/getting-started/installation.html#install-cli\" class=\"\">Solana Tool Suite</a> installieren. und läuft</p><p>„Konsole solana-Test-Validator</p><div class=\"language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-text\"><code>\nZu den Vorteilen der Verwendung von Local-Test-Validator gehören:\n\n- Keine RPC-Ratenbegrenzungen\n- Keine Airdrop-Grenzen\n- Direkte On-Chain-Programmbereitstellung (`--bpf-program ...`)\n- Konten aus einem öffentlichen Cluster klonen, einschließlich Programme (`--clone ...`)\n- Konfigurierbare Aufbewahrung des Transaktionsverlaufs (`--limit-ledger-size ...`)\n- Konfigurierbare Epochenlänge (`--slots-per-epoch ...`)\n- Zu einem beliebigen Slot springen (`--warp-slot ...`)\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br></div></div><h2 id=\"verbindung-zu-umgebungen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#verbindung-zu-umgebungen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Verbindung zu Umgebungen</h2><p>Wenn Sie an der Solana-Entwicklung arbeiten, müssen Sie eine Verbindung herstellen zu einem bestimmten RPC-API-Endpunkt. Solana hat 3 öffentliche Entwicklung Umgebungen:</p><ul><li>mainnet-beta https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com</li><li>devnet https://api.devnet.solana.com</li><li>testnet https://api.testnet.solana.com</li></ul><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">C++</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>rpc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>api <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Client\n\nclient <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>client <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana.hpp"</span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">using</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">namespace</span> many<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Connection <span class=\"token function\">connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code>Connection <span class=\"token function\">connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> client <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> client <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana config <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">set</span> --url https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana config <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">set</span> --url https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Schließlich können Sie sich auch mit einem privaten Cluster verbinden, entweder einem lokalen oder einem läuft remote mit folgendem:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">C++</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// This will connect you to your local validator</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>rpc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>api <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Client\n\nclient <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>client <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana.hpp"</span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">using</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">namespace</span> many<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Connection <span class=\"token function\">connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code>Connection <span class=\"token function\">connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> client <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> client <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana config <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">set</span> --url http://privaterpc.com\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana config <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">set</span> --url http://privaterpc.com\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"abonnieren-von-veranstaltungen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#abonnieren-von-veranstaltungen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Abonnieren von Veranstaltungen</h2><p>Websockets bieten eine Pub/Sub-Schnittstelle, auf der Sie auf bestimmte Ereignisse lauschen können. Anstatt einen typischen HTTP-Endpunkt in regelmäßigen Abständen zu pingen, um häufige Updates zu erhalten, können Sie diese Updates stattdessen nur dann erhalten, wenn sie auftreten.</p><p>Solanas web3 <a href=\"https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><code>Connection</code><span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> generiert unter der Haube einen Websocket-Endpunkt und registriert einen Websocket-Client, wenn Sie eine neue <code> Connection</code>-Instanz (siehe Quellcode <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-web3.js/blob/45923ca00e4cc1ed079d8e55ecbee83e5b4dc174/src/connection.ts#L2100\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hier<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>).</p><p>Die Klasse „Connection“ legt Pub/Sub-Methoden offen – sie beginnen alle mit „on“, wie Event-Emitter. Wenn Sie diese Listener-Methoden aufrufen, wird ein neues Abonnement für den Websocket-Client dieser „Connection“-Instanz registriert. Die Pub/Sub-Beispielmethode, die wir unten verwenden, ist <a href=\"https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#onAccountChange\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><code>onAccountChange</code><span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>. Der Rückruf stellt die aktualisierten Zustandsdaten über Argumente bereit (siehe <a href=\"https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/modules.html#AccountChangeCallback\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><code>AccountChangeCallback</code><span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> als Beispiel).</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">C++</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Keypair <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Establish new connect to devnet - websocket client connected to devnet will also be registered here</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Create a test wallet to listen to</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Register a callback to listen to the wallet (ws subscription)</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">onAccountChange</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">publicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>updatedAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> context<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Updated account info: "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> updatedAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// Establish new connect to devnet - websocket client connected to devnet will also be registered here</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Create a test wallet to listen to</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Register a callback to listen to the wallet (ws subscription)</span>\nconnection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">onAccountChange</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">publicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>updatedAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> context<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Updated account info: "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> updatedAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> asyncio\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>rpc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>websocket_api <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> connect\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">with</span> connect<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> websocket<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># Create a Test Wallet</span>\n wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># Subscribe to the Test wallet to listen for events</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> websocket<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account_subscribe<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># Capture response from account subscription </span>\n first_resp <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> websocket<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>recv<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Subscription successful with id {}, listening for events \\n"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token builtin\">format</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>first_resp<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>result<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n updated_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> websocket<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>recv<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>updated_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n \nasyncio<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>run<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">with</span> connect<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> websocket<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># Create a Test Wallet</span>\n wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># Subscribe to the Test wallet to listen for events</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> websocket<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account_subscribe<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># Capture response from account subscription </span>\n first_resp <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> websocket<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>recv<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Subscription successful with id {}, listening for events \\n"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token builtin\">format</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>first_resp<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>result<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n updated_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> websocket<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>recv<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>updated_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> \n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// clang++ on_account_change.cpp -o on_account_change -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana.hpp"</span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">using</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">namespace</span> many<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Connection <span class=\"token function\">connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> subscriptionId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">on_account_change</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Result<span class=\"token operator\"><</span>Account<span class=\"token operator\">></span> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Account account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"owner = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"lamports = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>lamports <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"data = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"executable = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>executable <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token string\">"true"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"false"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token function\">sleep</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>string tx_hash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">request_airdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"tx hash = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> tx_hash <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">poll</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">sleep</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">remove_account_listener</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>subscriptionId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> subscriptionId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">on_account_change</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Result<span class=\"token operator\"><</span>Account<span class=\"token operator\">></span> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Account account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"owner = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"lamports = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>lamports <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"data = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"executable = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>executable <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token string\">"true"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"false"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">poll</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">sleep</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\nconnection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">remove_account_listener</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>subscriptionId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>pubsub_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">PubsubClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> ws_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"{}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ws_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>subscription<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PubsubClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">account_subscribe</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>ws_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n encoding<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">None</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data_slice<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">None</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n commitment<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> ws_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> receiver<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> subscription<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Subscription successful, listening for events"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> handle <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>thread<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">spawn</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">move</span> <span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">loop</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Waiting for a message"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> receiver<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">recv</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"{:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Connection broke with {:}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n handle<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">join</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n ws_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">shutdown</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Errooooor"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> ws_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> client<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> receiver<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PubsubClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">account_subscribe</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>ws_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n encoding<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">None</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data_slice<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">None</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n commitment<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> message <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> receiver<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">recv</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"{:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"test-sol-erhalten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#test-sol-erhalten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Test SOL erhalten</h2><p>Wenn Sie lokal arbeiten, benötigen Sie zum Senden etwas SOL Transaktionen. In Nicht-Mainnet-Umgebungen können Sie SOL per empfangen Airdrop an Ihre Adresse</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">C++</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lastValidBlockHeight <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lastValidBlockHeight<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n signature\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>rpc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>api <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Client\n\nwallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nclient <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">#Input Airdrop amount in LAMPORTS</span>\nclient<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>request_airdrop<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1000000000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">#Airdrops 1 SOL</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">#Input Airdrop amount in LAMPORTS</span>\nclient<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>request_airdrop<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1000000000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">#Airdrops 1 SOL</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// clang++ request_airdrop.cpp -o request_airdrop -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana.hpp"</span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">using</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">namespace</span> many<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Connection <span class=\"token function\">connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>string tx_hash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">request_airdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"tx hash = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> tx_hash <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">request_airdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>native_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> client <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">request_airdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">loop</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> confirmed <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">request_airdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">loop</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> confirmed <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana airdrop <span class=\"token number\">1</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Return</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "1 SOL"</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana airdrop <span class=\"token number\">1</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"verwenden-von-mainnet-konten-und-programmen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#verwenden-von-mainnet-konten-und-programmen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Verwenden von Mainnet-Konten und -Programmen</h2><p>Häufig verlassen sich lokale Tests auf Programme und Konten, die nur im Mainnet verfügbar sind. Die Solana CLI ermöglicht beides:</p><ul><li>Laden Sie Programme und Konten herunter</li><li>Laden Sie Programme und Konten in einen lokalen Validator</li></ul><h3 id=\"so-laden-sie-konten-aus-dem-mainnet\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-laden-sie-konten-aus-dem-mainnet\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So laden Sie Konten aus dem Mainnet</h3><p>Es ist möglich, das SRM-Token-Mint-Konto in eine Datei herunterzuladen:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token comment\"># solana account -u <source cluster> --output <output format> --output-file <destination file name/path> <address of account to fetch></span>\nsolana account -u m --output json-compact --output-file SRM_token.json SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana account -u m --output json-compact --output-file SRM_token.json SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Das Laden in Ihr lokales Netz erfolgt dann, indem die Datei und die Zieladresse des Kontos (auf dem lokalen Cluster) beim Starten des Validators übergeben werden:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token comment\"># solana-test-validator --account <address to load the account to> <path to account file> --reset</span>\nsolana-test-validator --account SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt SRM_token.json --reset\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-test-validator --account SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt SRM_token.json --reset\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"so-laden-sie-programme-aus-dem-mainnet\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-laden-sie-programme-aus-dem-mainnet\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So laden Sie Programme aus dem Mainnet</h3><p>Ebenso ist es möglich, das Programm Serum Dex v3 herunterzuladen:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token comment\"># solana program dump -u <source cluster> <address of account to fetch> <destination file name/path></span>\nsolana program dump -u m 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana program dump -u m 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Das Laden in Ihr lokales Netz erfolgt dann, indem Sie beim Starten des Validators die Datei und die Zieladresse des Programms (auf dem lokalen Cluster) übergeben:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token comment\"># solana-test-validator --bpf-program <address to load the program to> <path to program file> --reset</span>\nsolana-test-validator --bpf-program 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so --reset\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-test-validator --bpf-program 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so --reset\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 91437574+partiallysorted@users.noreply.github.com\">Partially Sorted</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span 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class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#so-erstellen-sie-eine-nft\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So erstellen Sie eine NFT\"><!--[--><!--]--> So erstellen Sie eine NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#upload-zu-arweave\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Upload zu Arweave\"><!--[--><!--]--> Upload zu Arweave <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#minte-das-nft\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Minte das NFT\"><!--[--><!--]--> Minte das NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#so-erhalten-sie-nft-metadaten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So erhalten Sie NFT-Metadaten\"><!--[--><!--]--> So erhalten Sie NFT-Metadaten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#so-erhalten-sie-den-besitzer-eines-nft\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So erhalten Sie den Besitzer eines NFT\"><!--[--><!--]--> So erhalten Sie den Besitzer eines NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#so-erhalten-sie-nft-mint-adressen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So erhalten Sie NFT Mint-Adressen\"><!--[--><!--]--> So erhalten Sie NFT Mint-Adressen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#candy-machine-v1\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Candy Machine V1\"><!--[--><!--]--> Candy Machine V1 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#candy-machine-v2\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Candy Machine V2\"><!--[--><!--]--> Candy Machine V2 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#wie-bekomme-ich-alle-nfts-aus-einem-wallet\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Wie bekomme ich alle NFTs aus einem Wallet?\"><!--[--><!--]--> Wie bekomme ich alle NFTs aus einem Wallet? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#candy-machine-v2-1\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Candy Machine v2\"><!--[--><!--]--> Candy Machine v2 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#wie-erstelle-ich-eine-candy-machine\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Wie erstelle ich eine Candy Machine?\"><!--[--><!--]--> Wie erstelle ich eine Candy Machine? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#wie-sie-eine-candy-machine-loschen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Wie Sie eine Candy Machine löschen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Wie Sie eine Candy Machine löschen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#so-finden-sie-die-candy-machine-autoritat\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So finden Sie die Candy Machine Autorität\"><!--[--><!--]--> So finden Sie die Candy Machine Autorität <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#so-finden-sie-candy-machine-mit-der-wallet-adresse\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So finden Sie Candy Machine mit der Wallet-Adresse\"><!--[--><!--]--> So finden Sie Candy Machine mit der Wallet-Adresse <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#so-finden-sie-candy-machine-anhand-seiner-adresse\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So finden Sie Candy Machine anhand seiner Adresse\"><!--[--><!--]--> So finden Sie Candy Machine anhand seiner Adresse <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#so-finden-sie-gepragte-nfts-von-einer-candy-machine\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So finden Sie geprägte NFTs von einer Candy Machine\"><!--[--><!--]--> So finden Sie geprägte NFTs von einer Candy Machine <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#so-fugen-sie-artikel-in-einer-candy-machine-bei\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So fügen Sie Artikel in einer Candy Machine bei\"><!--[--><!--]--> So fügen Sie Artikel in einer Candy Machine bei <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/nfts.html#wie-man-einen-nft-von-einer-candy-machine-pragt\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Wie man einen NFT von einer Candy Machine prägt\"><!--[--><!--]--> Wie man einen NFT von einer Candy Machine prägt <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"nicht-fungible-tokens-nfts\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#nicht-fungible-tokens-nfts\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Nicht fungible Tokens (NFTs)</h1><h2 id=\"so-erstellen-sie-eine-nft\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erstellen-sie-eine-nft\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erstellen Sie eine NFT</h2><p>Um eine NFT zu erstellen, müssen Sie:</p><ol><li>Laden Sie das Bild zu Arweave oder IPFS hoch</li><li>Laden Sie die json-Metadaten zu Arweave oder IPFS hoch</li><li>Rufen Sie metaplex auf, um ein Konto für das NFT zu erstellen</li></ol><h3 id=\"upload-zu-arweave\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#upload-zu-arweave\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Upload zu Arweave</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> fs <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"fs"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Arweave <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"arweave"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> arweave <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">init</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n host<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"arweave.net"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n port<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">443</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n protocol<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n timeout<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">20000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n logging<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Upload image to Arweave</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> fs<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">readFileSync</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> data<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">addTag</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Content-Type"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"image/png"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">JSON</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">parse</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>fs<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">readFileSync</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"wallet.json"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"utf-8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>transactions<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> response <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>transactions<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">post</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>response<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> id <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>id<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> imageUrl <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> id <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">https://arweave.net/</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>id<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span> <span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"imageUrl"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> imageUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Upload metadata to Arweave</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metadata <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n name<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"Custom NFT #1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">symbol</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"CNFT"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n description<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"A description about my custom NFT #1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n seller_fee_basis_points<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">500</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n external_url<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https://www.customnft.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n attributes<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n trait_type<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"NFT type"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n value<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"Custom"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n collection<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n name<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"Test Collection"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n family<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"Custom NFTs"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n properties<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n files<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n uri<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> imageUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n type<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"image/png"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n category<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"image"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n maxSupply<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n creators<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n address<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"CBBUMHRmbVUck99mTCip5sHP16kzGj3QTYB8K3XxwmQx"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n share<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">100</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n image<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> imageUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metadataRequest <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">JSON</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">stringify</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metadataTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> metadataRequest<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n metadataTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">addTag</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Content-Type"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"application/json"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>transactions<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"metadata txid"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> metadataTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>transactions<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">post</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1. Upload image to Arweave</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> fs<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">readFileSync</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> data<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\ntransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">addTag</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Content-Type"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"image/png"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">JSON</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">parse</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>fs<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">readFileSync</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"wallet.json"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"utf-8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>transactions<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> response <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>transactions<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">post</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>response<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> id <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>id<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> imageUrl <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> id <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">https://arweave.net/</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>id<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span> <span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2. Upload metadata to Arweave</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metadataRequest <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">JSON</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">stringify</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metadataTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> metadataRequest<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\nmetadataTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">addTag</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Content-Type"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"application/json"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>transactions<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>transactions<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">post</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> arweave<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>arweave_lib <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> API_URL\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> json\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Load your arweave wallet</span>\nyour_ar_wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'wallet.json'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">with</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">open</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'rb'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n img_in_bytes <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>read<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Upload image to Arweave</span>\ntransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>img_in_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\ntransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>add_tag<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Content-Type'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'image/png'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\ntransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\ntransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>send<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nimage_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> API_URL<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token string\">"/"</span><span class=\"token operator\">+</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token builtin\">id</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Define metadata</span>\nmetadata <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"name"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"Custom NFT #1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"symbol"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"CNFT"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"description"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"A description about my custom NFT #1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"seller_fee_basis_points"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">500</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"external_url"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https://www.customnft.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"attributes"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"trait_type"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"NFT type"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"value"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"Custom"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"collection"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"name"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"Test Collection"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"family"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"Custom NFTs"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"properties"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"files"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"uri"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> image_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"type"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"image/png"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"category"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"image"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"maxSupply"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"creators"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"address"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"CBBUMHRmbVUck99mTCip5sHP16kzGj3QTYB8K3XxwmQx"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"share"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">100</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"image"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> image_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Upload metadata to Arweave</span>\nmeta_transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>json<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>dumps<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nmeta_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>add_tag<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Content-Type'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'text/html'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nmeta_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nmeta_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>send<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nmetadata_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> API_URL<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token string\">"/"</span><span class=\"token operator\">+</span>meta_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token builtin\">id</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadata_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token comment\"># 1. Load your arweave wallet</span>\nyour_ar_wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'wallet.json'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># 2. Upload image to Arweave</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">with</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">open</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'rb'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n img_in_bytes <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>read<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\ntransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>img_in_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\ntransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>add_tag<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Content-Type'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'image/png'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\ntransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\ntransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>send<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nimage_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> API_URL<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token string\">"/"</span><span class=\"token operator\">+</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token builtin\">id</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># 3. Upload metadata to Arweave</span>\nmeta_transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>json<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>dumps<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nmeta_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>add_tag<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Content-Type'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'text/html'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nmeta_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nmeta_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>send<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nmetadata_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> API_URL<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token string\">"/"</span><span class=\"token operator\">+</span>meta_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token builtin\">id</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"minte-das-nft\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#minte-das-nft\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Minte das NFT</h3><p>Wenn Sie das Bild und die Metadaten bereits hochgeladen haben, können Sie prägen die NFT mit dem folgenden Code.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> dotenv <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"dotenv"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\ndotenv<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">config</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">JSON</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">parse</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>env<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">SOLANA_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Metaplex</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">use</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">keypairIdentity</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintNFTResponse <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">nfts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">create</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n uri<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https://ffaaqinzhkt4ukhbohixfliubnvpjgyedi3f2iccrq4efh3s.arweave.net/KUAIIbk6p8oo4XHRcq0U__C2r0mwQaNl0gQow4Qp9yk"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n maxSupply<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>mintNFTResponse<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintNFTResponse <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">nfts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">create</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n uri<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https://ffaaqinzhkt4ukhbohixfliubnvpjgyedi3f2iccrq4efh3s.arweave.net/KUAIIbk6p8oo4XHRcq0U__C2r0mwQaNl0gQow4Qp9yk"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n maxSupply<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">Note</p><p>Sie können keine NFT mit einem anderen Ersteller als Ihrer Brieftasche prägen. Wenn Sie auf Creator-Probleme stoßen, vergewissern Sie sich, dass Sie in Ihren Metadaten als Ersteller aufgeführt sind.</p></div><h2 id=\"so-erhalten-sie-nft-metadaten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erhalten-sie-nft-metadaten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erhalten Sie NFT-Metadaten</h2><p>Metaplex NFTs haben Metadaten, die auf Arweave gespeichert sind. Um die Arweave-Metadaten zu erhalten, müssen Sie sich den Metaplex PDA besorgen und Kontodaten entschlüsseln.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Metaplex</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">use</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">keypairIdentity</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintAddress <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Ay1U9DWphDgc7hq58Yj1yHabt91zTzvV2YJbAWkPNbaK"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> nft <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">nfts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findByMint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> mintAddress <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>nft<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>json<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n {\n name: 'SMB #139',\n symbol: 'SMB',\n description: 'SMB is a collection of 5000 randomly generated 24x24 pixels NFTs on the Solana Blockchain. Each SolanaMonkey is unique and comes with different type and attributes varying in rarity.',\n seller_fee_basis_points: 600,\n image: 'https://arweave.net/tZrNpbFUizSoFnyTqP4n2e1Tf7WvP3siUwFWKMMid_Q',\n external_url: 'https://solanamonkey.business/',\n collection: { name: 'SMB Gen2', family: 'SMB' },\n attributes: [\n { trait_type: 'Attributes Count', value: 2 },\n { trait_type: 'Type', value: 'Solana' },\n { trait_type: 'Clothes', value: 'Orange Shirt' },\n { trait_type: 'Ears', value: 'None' },\n { trait_type: 'Mouth', value: 'None' },\n { trait_type: 'Eyes', value: 'Cool Glasses' },\n { trait_type: 'Hat', value: 'None' }\n ],\n properties: {\n files: [ [Object], [Object] ],\n category: 'image',\n creators: [ [Object] ]\n }\n }\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Metaplex</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\nmetaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">use</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">keypairIdentity</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintAddress <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Ay1U9DWphDgc7hq58Yj1yHabt91zTzvV2YJbAWkPNbaK"</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> nft <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">nfts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findByMint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> mintAddress <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>nft<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>json<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-erhalten-sie-den-besitzer-eines-nft\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erhalten-sie-den-besitzer-eines-nft\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erhalten Sie den Besitzer eines NFT</h2><p>Wenn Sie den Münzschlüssel (Token Address) eines NFT haben, können Sie seinen aktuellen Besitzer durch Sneak-Peeking auf das größte Token-Konto für diesen Mint-Key finden.</p><p>Denken Sie daran, dass NFTs einen Vorrat von 1 haben und unteilbar sind. was bedeutet, dass nur ein Token-Konto dieses Token zu einem beliebigen Zeitpunkt halten wird, während alle anderen Token-Konten für diesen Münzschlüssel, die dies tun einen Saldo von 0 haben.</p><p>Sobald das größte Token-Konto identifiziert ist, können wir seinen Besitzer abrufen.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenMint <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"9ARngHhVaCtH5JFieRdSS5Y8cdZk2TMF4tfGSWFB9iSK"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> largestAccounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getTokenLargestAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tokenMint<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> largestAccountInfo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getParsedAccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n largestAccounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>largestAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>parsed<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: 6ddf6e1d765a193d9cbe146ceeb79ac1cb485ed5f5b37913a8cf5857eff00a9>\n }\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenMint <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"9ARngHhVaCtH5JFieRdSS5Y8cdZk2TMF4tfGSWFB9iSK"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> largestAccounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getTokenLargestAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tokenMint<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> largestAccountInfo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getParsedAccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n largestAccounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>largestAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>parsed<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-erhalten-sie-nft-mint-adressen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erhalten-sie-nft-mint-adressen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erhalten Sie NFT Mint-Adressen</h2><p>Wenn Sie den öffentlichen Schlüssel der Candy Machine kennen, können Sie mit dem folgenden Code die Liste aller NFT-Mint-Adressen abrufen, die von dieser Candy Machine generiert wurden. Beachten Sie, dass wir den folgenden <code>memcmp</code>-Filter verwenden können, da in v1 der erste Ersteller immer die Adresse der Candy Machine ist.</p><h3 id=\"candy-machine-v1\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#candy-machine-v1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Candy Machine V1</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">200</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"metaqbxxUerdq28cj1RbAWkYQm3ybzjb6a8bt518x1s"</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachineId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"ENTER_YOUR_CANDY_MACHINE_ID_HERE"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">getMintAddresses</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getProgramAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>\n dataSlice<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">33</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> length<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n filters<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> dataSize<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Filter using the first creator.</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n memcmp<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bytes<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">getMintAddresses</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">getMintAddresses</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getProgramAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>\n dataSlice<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">33</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> length<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n filters<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> dataSize<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Filter using the first creator.</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n memcmp<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bytes<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">getMintAddresses</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"candy-machine-v2\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#candy-machine-v2\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Candy Machine V2</h3><p>Wenn Sie eine Candy Machine v2 verwenden, müssen Sie zuerst auf die Adresse "Candy Machine Creator" zugreifen, bei der es sich um einen einfachen PDA handelt, der <code>candy_machine</code> und die Adresse der Candy Machine v2 als Seeds verwendet. Sobald Sie die Creator-Adresse haben, können Sie sie auf die gleiche Weise verwenden, wie wir es für v1 getan haben.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">200</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"metaqbxxUerdq28cj1RbAWkYQm3ybzjb6a8bt518x1s"</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"cndy3Z4yapfJBmL3ShUp5exZKqR3z33thTzeNMm2gRZ"</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachineId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"ENTER_YOUR_CANDY_MACHINE_ID_HERE"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">getMintAddresses</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getProgramAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>\n dataSlice<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">33</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> length<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n filters<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> dataSize<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Filter using the first creator.</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n memcmp<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bytes<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> getCandyMachineCreator <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n candyMachine<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">Promise</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">number</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"candy_machine"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachineCreator <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getCandyMachineCreator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">getMintAddresses</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>candyMachineCreator<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> getCandyMachineCreator <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n candyMachine<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">Promise</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">number</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"candy_machine"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachineCreator <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getCandyMachineCreator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">getMintAddresses</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>candyMachineCreator<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"wie-bekomme-ich-alle-nfts-aus-einem-wallet\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-bekomme-ich-alle-nfts-aus-einem-wallet\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie bekomme ich alle NFTs aus einem Wallet?</h2><p>Wenn Sie alle NFTs aus einer Brieftasche abrufen, müssen Sie alle Token-Konten abrufen und dann analysieren, welche NFTs sind. Dies alles kann mit <a href=\"https://github.com/metaplex-foundation/js/blob/248b61baf89a69b88f9a461e32b1cbd54a9b0a18/src/programs/metadata/accounts/Metadata.ts#L220-L236\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><code>findDataByOwner</code><span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> von Metaplex JS Bibliotheken durchgeführt werden.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Metaplex</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">use</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">keypairIdentity</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> owner <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"2R4bHmSBHkHAskerTHE6GE1Fxbn31kaD5gHqpsPySVd7"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> allNFTs <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">nfts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findAllByOwner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> owner <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>allNFTs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Metaplex</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\nmetaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">use</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">keypairIdentity</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> owner <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"2R4bHmSBHkHAskerTHE6GE1Fxbn31kaD5gHqpsPySVd7"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> allNFTs <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">nfts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findAllByOwner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> owner <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>allNFTs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"candy-machine-v2-1\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#candy-machine-v2-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Candy Machine v2</h2><p>Das Metaplex JS SDK unterstützt jetzt das Erstellen und Aktualisieren von Candy Machine v2 per Code. Es ermöglicht den Entwicklern, mit dem Candy Machine v2-Programm zu interagieren und Candy Machines zu erstellen, zu aktualisieren und zu löschen sowie NFTs mit ihnen zu prägen.</p><h3 id=\"wie-erstelle-ich-eine-candy-machine\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-erstelle-ich-eine-candy-machine\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie erstelle ich eine Candy Machine?</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keypairIdentity<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sol<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toBigNumber<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">createCandyMachine</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> payer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// request airdrop</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Airdrop signature - </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// creating metaplex instance with payer as the authority</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">make</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">use</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">keypairIdentity</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// creating a candy machine</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> candyMachine <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">create</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n sellerFeeBasisPoints<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.05% royalties</span>\n price<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">sol</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0.0001</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.0001 SOL</span>\n itemsAvailable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">toBigNumber</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 5 items available</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Candy Machine ID - </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">createCandyMachine</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> candyMachine <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">create</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n sellerFeeBasisPoints<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.05% royalties</span>\n price<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">sol</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0.0001</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.0001 SOL</span>\n itemsAvailable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">toBigNumber</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 5 items available</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * #1 Candy Machine ID - HSZxtWx6vgGWGsWu9SouXkHA2bAKCMtMZyMKzF2dvhrR\n */</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"wie-sie-eine-candy-machine-loschen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-sie-eine-candy-machine-loschen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie Sie eine Candy Machine löschen</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keypairIdentity<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sol<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toBigNumber<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">deleteCandyMachine</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> payer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// request airdrop</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Airdrop signature - </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// creating metaplex instance with payer as the authority</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">make</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">use</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">keypairIdentity</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// creating a candy machine</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> candyMachine <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">create</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n sellerFeeBasisPoints<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.05% royalties</span>\n price<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">sol</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0.0001</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.0001 SOL</span>\n itemsAvailable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">toBigNumber</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 5 items available</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Candy Machine ID - </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// deleting the candy machine</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> response <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">delete</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Delete Candy Machine signature - </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>response<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>signature<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">deleteCandyMachine</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// creating a candy machine</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> candyMachine <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">create</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n sellerFeeBasisPoints<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.05% royalties</span>\n price<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">sol</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0.0001</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.0001 SOL</span>\n itemsAvailable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">toBigNumber</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 5 items available</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Candy Machine ID - </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// deleting the candy machine</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> response <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">delete</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"so-finden-sie-die-candy-machine-autoritat\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-finden-sie-die-candy-machine-autoritat\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So finden Sie die Candy Machine Autorität</h3><p>Um alle Candy Machines zu finden, deren Autorität ein bestimmter öffentlicher Schlüssel ist, haben wir die Funktion <a href=\"https://metaplex-foundation.github.io/js/classes/js.CandyMachinesV2Client.html#findAllBy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><code>findAllBy</code><span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> verwendet mit dem <code>type</code>-Parameter als <code>authority</code></p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Metaplex <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">findCandyMachineViaAuthority</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Metaplex</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> authority <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"9pr8wNxphx2PhBRbHKuH7YhPs5zbDuxx62UcDiayXxrw"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachines <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findAllBy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n type<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"authority"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n publicKey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n candyMachines<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> index<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">#</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>index <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> Candy Machine ID - </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * #1 Candy Machine ID - HSZxtWx6vgGWGsWu9SouXkHA2bAKCMtMZyMKzF2dvhrR\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">findCandyMachineViaAuthority</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachines <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findAllBy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n type<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"authority"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n publicKey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\ncandyMachines<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> index<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">#</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>index <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> Candy Machine ID - </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * #1 Candy Machine ID - HSZxtWx6vgGWGsWu9SouXkHA2bAKCMtMZyMKzF2dvhrR\n */</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"so-finden-sie-candy-machine-mit-der-wallet-adresse\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-finden-sie-candy-machine-mit-der-wallet-adresse\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So finden Sie Candy Machine mit der Wallet-Adresse</h3><p>Um das Candy Machine-Objekt über seine Wallet-Adresse abzurufen, haben wir die Funktion <a href=\"https://metaplex-foundation.github.io/js/classes/js.CandyMachinesV2Client.html#findAllBy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><code>findAllBy</code><span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> zusammen mit dieser geben Sie den Parameter als „Wallet“ ein. Die Wallet-Adresse der Candy Machine können Sie dem Reiter „Ankerdaten“ im Explorer entnehmen.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Metaplex <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">findCandyMachineViaWallet</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Metaplex</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"9pr8wNxphx2PhBRbHKuH7YhPs5zbDuxx62UcDiayXxrw"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachines <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findAllBy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n type<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"wallet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n publicKey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n candyMachines<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> index<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">#</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>index <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> Candy Machine ID - </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * #1 Candy Machine ID - HSZxtWx6vgGWGsWu9SouXkHA2bAKCMtMZyMKzF2dvhrR\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">findCandyMachineViaWallet</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachines <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findAllBy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n type<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"wallet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n publicKey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\ncandyMachines<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> index<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">#</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>index <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> Candy Machine ID - </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>candyMachine<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"so-finden-sie-candy-machine-anhand-seiner-adresse\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-finden-sie-candy-machine-anhand-seiner-adresse\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So finden Sie Candy Machine anhand seiner Adresse</h3><p>Um einen Candy Machine anhand seiner Adresse zu finden, müssen wir die Funktion <a href=\"https://metaplex-foundation.github.io/js/classes/js.CandyMachinesV2Client.html#findByAddress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><code>findByAddress</code><span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> verwenden.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Metaplex <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">findCandyMachineViaAddress</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Metaplex</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachineId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"HSZxtWx6vgGWGsWu9SouXkHA2bAKCMtMZyMKzF2dvhrR"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachine <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findByAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n address<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">findCandyMachineViaAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachine <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findByAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n address<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"so-finden-sie-gepragte-nfts-von-einer-candy-machine\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-finden-sie-gepragte-nfts-von-einer-candy-machine\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So finden Sie geprägte NFTs von einer Candy Machine</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Metaplex <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">findCandyMachineMintedNfts</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Metaplex</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachineId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"HSZxtWx6vgGWGsWu9SouXkHA2bAKCMtMZyMKzF2dvhrR"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachine <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findMintedNfts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n candyMachine<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">findCandyMachineMintedNfts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachine <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findMintedNfts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n candyMachine<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"so-fugen-sie-artikel-in-einer-candy-machine-bei\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-fugen-sie-artikel-in-einer-candy-machine-bei\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So fügen Sie Artikel in einer Candy Machine bei</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Metaplex <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">insertItems</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Metaplex</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachineId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"HSZxtWx6vgGWGsWu9SouXkHA2bAKCMtMZyMKzF2dvhrR"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachines</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">insertItems</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n items<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> name<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"My NFT #1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> uri<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https://example.com/nft1"</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> name<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"My NFT #2"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> uri<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https://example.com/nft2"</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> name<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"My NFT #3"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> uri<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https://example.com/nft3"</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">insertItems</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachines</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">insertItems</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n items<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> name<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"My NFT #1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> uri<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https://example.com/nft1"</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> name<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"My NFT #2"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> uri<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https://example.com/nft2"</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> name<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"My NFT #3"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> uri<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https://example.com/nft3"</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"wie-man-einen-nft-von-einer-candy-machine-pragt\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-man-einen-nft-von-einer-candy-machine-pragt\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie man einen NFT von einer Candy Machine prägt</h3><p>Standardmäßig wäre der Eigentümer des geprägten NFT <code>metaplex.identity().publicKey</code>. Wenn Sie die NFT an eine andere Wallet prägen möchten, übergeben Sie diesen öffentlichen Schlüssel zusammen mit dem Parameter "newOwner".</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Metaplex <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">mintNft</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> metaplex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Metaplex</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachineId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"HSZxtWx6vgGWGsWu9SouXkHA2bAKCMtMZyMKzF2dvhrR"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// by default, the owner of the minted nft would be `metaplex.identity().publicKey`. if you want to mint the nft to some other wallet, pass that public key along with the `newOwner` parameter</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachine <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">mint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n candyMachine<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// newOwner: new PublicKey("some-other-public-key");</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">mintNft</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// by default, the owner of the minted nft would be `metaplex.identity().publicKey`. if you want to mint the nft to some other wallet, pass that public key along with the `newOwner` parameter</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> candyMachine <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> metaplex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">candyMachinesV2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">mint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n candyMachine<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> candyMachineId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// newOwner: new PublicKey("some-other-public-key");</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 93952610+0xNyk@users.noreply.github.com\">nyk</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a 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class=\"\" aria-label=\"한국어\"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/tr/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Türkçe\"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/ja/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"日本語\"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Für Beginner <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Installation\"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html#so-senden-sie-spl-tokens\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So senden Sie SPL-Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> So senden Sie SPL-Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html#so-berechnen-sie-die-transaktionskosten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So berechnen Sie die Transaktionskosten\"><!--[--><!--]--> So berechnen Sie die Transaktionskosten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html#getestimatedfee\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"getEstimatedFee\"><!--[--><!--]--> getEstimatedFee <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html#getfeeformessage\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"getFeeForMessage\"><!--[--><!--]--> getFeeForMessage <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html#so-fugen-sie-einer-transaktion-eine-notiz-hinzu\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So fügen Sie einer Transaktion eine Notiz hinzu\"><!--[--><!--]--> So fügen Sie einer Transaktion eine Notiz hinzu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html#so-andern-sie-das-computing-budget-die-gebuhr-prioritat-fur-eine-transaktion\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So ändern Sie das Computing-Budget, die Gebühr & Priorität für eine Transaktion\"><!--[--><!--]--> So ändern Sie das Computing-Budget, die Gebühr & Priorität für eine Transaktion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"transaktionen-versenden\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#transaktionen-versenden\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Transaktionen versenden</h1><p>##So senden Sie SOL</p><p>Um SOL zu senden, müssen Sie mit dem <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SystemProgram<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> interagieren.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Wallet-Adapter</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> fromKeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> toKeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> lamportsToSend <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1_000_000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transferTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> toKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> transferTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transferTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> toKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> transferTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>rpc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>api <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Client\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>transaction <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Transaction\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>system_program <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> TransferParams<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> transfer\n\nLAMPORT_PER_SOL <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1000000000</span>\n\nclient<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Client <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nsender <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nreceiver <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nairdrop <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>request_airdrop<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sender<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> LAMPORT_PER_SOL<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nairdrop_signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> airdrop<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value\nclient<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>confirm_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdrop_signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\ntransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>add<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transfer<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>TransferParams<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n from_pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>sender<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n to_pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>receiver<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">1_000_000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nclient<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>send_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sender<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>add<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transfer<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>TransferParams<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n from_pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>sender<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n to_pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>receiver<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">1_000_000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nclient<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>send_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sender<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-tsx\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> useConnection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> useWallet <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Transaction <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> React<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">FC</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> useCallback <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"react"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> SendTenLamportToRandomAddress<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">FC</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> connection <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useConnection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sendTransaction <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useWallet</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> onClick <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useCallback</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">throw</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1_000_000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"processed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sendTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>button</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">onClick</span><span class=\"token script language-javascript\"><span class=\"token script-punctuation punctuation\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>onClick<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">disabled</span><span class=\"token script language-javascript\"><span class=\"token script-punctuation punctuation\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n Send 1 lamport to a random address!\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>button</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-tsx\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1_000_000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"processed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>native_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> from <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> frompubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> to <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> topubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>to<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_to_send <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1_000_000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">///Airdropping some Sol to the 'from' account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">request_airdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>frompubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">loop</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> confirmed <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">///Creating the transfer sol instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>frompubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>topubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lamports_to_send<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">///Putting the transfer sol instruction into a transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">expect</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Failed to get latest blockhash."</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txn <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>frompubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">///Sending the transfer sol transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>txn<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">loop</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> confirmed <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>e<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Error transferring Sol:, {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>to<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lamports_to_send<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana transfer --from <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">0.001</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class=\"token operator\">></span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana transfer --from <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">0.001</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class=\"token operator\">></span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-senden-sie-spl-tokens\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-senden-sie-spl-tokens\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So senden Sie SPL-Tokens</h2><p>Verwenden Sie das <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Token-Programm<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>, um SPL-Token zu übertragen. Um ein SPL-Token zu senden, müssen Sie die Kontoadresse des SPL-Tokens kennen. Sie können sowohl die Adresse abrufen als auch Token senden mit folgendem Beispiel.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Wallet-Adapter</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n createMint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mintTo<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createTransferInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Connect to cluster</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Generate a new wallet keypair and airdrop SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> fromWallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> fromAirdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Wait for airdrop confirmation</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>fromAirdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Generate a new wallet to receive newly minted token</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> toWallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Create new token mint</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mint <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">createMint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">9</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get the token account of the fromWallet Solana address, if it does not exist, create it</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> fromTokenAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">//get the token account of the toWallet Solana address, if it does not exist, create it</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> toTokenAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Minting 1 new token to the "fromTokenAccount" account we just returned/created</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">mintTo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1000000000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// it's 1 token, but in lamports</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Add token transfer instructions to transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createTransferInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n fromTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Sign transaction, broadcast, and confirm</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// Add token transfer instructions to transaction</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">web3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n splToken<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createTransferInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n splToken<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Sign transaction, broadcast, and confirm</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> web3<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-tsx\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> useConnection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> useWallet <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Transaction <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> createTransferInstruction <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> React<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">FC</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> useCallback <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"react"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> SendSPLTokenToAddress<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">FC</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n fromTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> connection <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useConnection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sendTransaction <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useWallet</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> onClick <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useCallback</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">throw</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createTransferInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n fromTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"processed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sendTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>button</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">onClick</span><span class=\"token script language-javascript\"><span class=\"token script-punctuation punctuation\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>onClick<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">disabled</span><span class=\"token script language-javascript\"><span class=\"token script-punctuation punctuation\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n Send 1 lamport to a random address!\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>button</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-tsx\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createTransferInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fromWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"processed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>$ spl-token transfer AQoKYV7tYpTrFZN6P5oUufbQKAUr9mNYGe1TTJC9wajM <span class=\"token number\">50</span> vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg\nTransfer <span class=\"token number\">50</span> tokens\n Sender: 7UX2i7SucgLMQcfZ75s3VXmZZY4YRUyJN9X1RgfMoDUi\n Recipient: vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg\n Recipient associated token account: F59618aQB8r6asXeMcB9jWuY6NEx1VduT9yFo1GTi1ks\n\nSignature: 5a3qbvoJQnTAxGPHCugibZTbSu7xuTgkxvF4EJupRjRXGgZZrnWFmKzfEzcqKF2ogCaF4QKVbAtuFx7xGwrDUcGd\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>$ spl-token transfer AQoKYV7tYpTrFZN6P5oUufbQKAUr9mNYGe1TTJC9wajM <span class=\"token number\">50</span> vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg\nTransfer <span class=\"token number\">50</span> tokens\n Sender: 7UX2i7SucgLMQcfZ75s3VXmZZY4YRUyJN9X1RgfMoDUi\n Recipient: vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg\n Recipient associated token account: F59618aQB8r6asXeMcB9jWuY6NEx1VduT9yFo1GTi1ks\n\nSignature: 5a3qbvoJQnTAxGPHCugibZTbSu7xuTgkxvF4EJupRjRXGgZZrnWFmKzfEzcqKF2ogCaF4QKVbAtuFx7xGwrDUcGd\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-berechnen-sie-die-transaktionskosten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-berechnen-sie-die-transaktionskosten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So berechnen Sie die Transaktionskosten</h2><p>Zur Berechnung wird die Anzahl der Unterschriften der Transaktionskosten, die eine Transaktion benötigt herangezogen. Solange Sie kein Konto erstellen, werden dies die endgültigen Transaktionskosten sein. Um mehr über die Erstellungskosten eines Konto zu erfahren , siehe <a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html#calculating-rent-exemption\" class=\"\">Berechnung der Mietbefreiung</a></p><p>Die beiden folgenden Beispiele zeigen die beiden derzeit verfügbaren Möglichkeiten zur Berechnung der geschätzten Transaktionskosten.</p><p>Das erste Beispiel verwendet „getEstimatedFee“, eine neue Methode in der Klasse „Transaction“, während das zweite Beispiel „getFeeForMessage“ verwendet, das „getFeeCalculatorForBlockhash“ in der Klasse „Connection“ ersetzt.</p><h3 id=\"getestimatedfee\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#getestimatedfee\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> getEstimatedFee</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Connect to cluster</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> payer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> payee <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n recentBlockhash<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n feePayer<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> payee<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> fees <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getEstimatedFee</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>fees<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> lamports</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n recentBlockhash<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> payee<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> fees <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getEstimatedFee</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>fees<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> lamports</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"getfeeformessage\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#getfeeformessage\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> getFeeForMessage</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Message<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SYSTEM_INSTRUCTION_LAYOUTS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Connect to cluster</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> payer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> payee <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> type <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SYSTEM_INSTRUCTION_LAYOUTS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>Transfer<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">alloc</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>type<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>layout<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>span<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> layoutFields <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Object<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">assign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> instruction<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> type<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>index <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n type<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>layout<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>layoutFields<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> messageParams <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n accountKeys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n payee<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n header<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n numReadonlySignedAccounts<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n numRequiredSignatures<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instructions<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programIdIndex<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n recentBlockhash<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> message <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Message</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>messageParams<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> fees <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getFeeForMessage</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>fees<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> lamports</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> message <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Message</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>messageParams<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> fees <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getFeeForMessage</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>fees<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> lamports</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-fugen-sie-einer-transaktion-eine-notiz-hinzu\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-fugen-sie-einer-transaktion-eine-notiz-hinzu\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So fügen Sie einer Transaktion eine Notiz hinzu</h2><p>Jede Transaktion kann unter Verwendung des [Memo-Programms] <a href=\"https://spl.solana.com/memo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> eine Nachricht hinzufügen. Aktuell muss noch die <code>programID</code> aus dem <strong>Memo-Programm</strong> hinzugefügt werden manuell <code>MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr</code>.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Wallet-Adapter</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> fromKeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> toKeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> lamportsToSend <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transferTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> toKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> transferTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"utf-8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> transferTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transferTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> toKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> transferTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"utf-8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> transferTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-tsx\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> useConnection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> useWallet <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> React<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">FC</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> useCallback <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"react"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> SendTenLamportToRandomAddress<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">FC</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> connection <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useConnection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sendTransaction <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useWallet</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> onClick <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useCallback</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">throw</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"utf-8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"processed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sendTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>button</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">onClick</span><span class=\"token script language-javascript\"><span class=\"token script-punctuation punctuation\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>onClick<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">disabled</span><span class=\"token script language-javascript\"><span class=\"token script-punctuation punctuation\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n Send 1 lamport to a random address!\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>button</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-tsx\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"utf-8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"processed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana transfer --from <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">0.5</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class=\"token operator\">></span> --with-memo <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>MEMO<span class=\"token operator\">></span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana transfer --from <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">0.5</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class=\"token operator\">></span> --with-memo <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>MEMO<span class=\"token operator\">></span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-andern-sie-das-computing-budget-die-gebuhr-prioritat-fur-eine-transaktion\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-andern-sie-das-computing-budget-die-gebuhr-prioritat-fur-eine-transaktion\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So ändern Sie das Computing-Budget, die Gebühr & Priorität für eine Transaktion</h2><p>Die Transaktionspriorität (TX) wird zusätzlich zur Grundgebühr durch die Zahlung einer Priorisierungsgebühr erreicht. Standardmäßig ist das Rechenbudget das Produkt von 200.000 Compute Units (CU) * Anzahl der Anweisungen, mit einem Maximum von 1,4 Mio. CU. Die Grundgebühr beträgt 5.000 Lamports. Ein microLamport ist 0,000001 Lamport.</p><p>Das Gesamtrechenbudget oder die Priorisierungsgebühr für eine einzelne TX kann umgeändert werden. Hinzufügen von Anweisungen aus dem ComputeBudgetProgram.</p><p><code>ComputeBudgetProgram.setComputeUnitPrice({ microLamports: Zahl })</code> wird eine Priorisierungsgebühr über der Grundgebühr (5.000 Lamports) hinzugefügt. Um das zu bestimmen Der Wert der Priorisierungsgebühr in Lamports die in microLamports bereitgestellt werden, werden mit dem CU-Budget multipliziert. Wenn Ihr CU-Budget beispielsweise 1 Mio. CU beträgt, und Sie Fügen Sie 1 microLamport/CU hinzu, beträgt die Priorisierungsgebühr 1 Lamport (1M * 0,000001). Die Gesamtgebühr beträgt dann 5001 Lamports.</p><p>Verwenden Sie zum Festlegen „ComputeBudgetProgram.setComputeUnitLimit({units: number})“. das neue Compute-Budget. Der angegebene Wert ersetzt den Standardwert. Transaktionen sollten die erforderliche Mindestmenge an CU anfordern Ausführung, um den Durchsatz zu maximieren oder Gebühren zu minimieren.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-tsx\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BN</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@project-serum/anchor"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n ComputeBudgetProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> payer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> toAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> modifyComputeUnits <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">setComputeUnitLimit</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> \n units<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1000000</span> \n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> addPriorityFee <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">setComputeUnitPrice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> \n microLamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> \n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Total fee will be 5,001 Lamports for 1M CU</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>modifyComputeUnits<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>addPriorityFee<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> toAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10000000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> result <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getParsedTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>result<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-tsx\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> modifyComputeUnits <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">setComputeUnitLimit</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> \n units<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1000000</span> \n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> addPriorityFee <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">setComputeUnitPrice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> \n microLamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> \n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>modifyComputeUnits<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>addPriorityFee<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> toAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10000000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">//! @brief Example Budget Management</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">message<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Message</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">compute_budget<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Submits the program instruction as per the instruction definition</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">submit_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instructions<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Signature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_unsigned</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Message</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instructions<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rpc_client\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_sign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token macro property\">vec!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rpc_client\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">pubkey!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Increase the Transaction Budget and call normal instruction(s)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Here we send redundant transactions to witness Compute Budget drawdown</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">send_instructions_demo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txn <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">submit_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Array of instructions: 0: Set Compute Unit Limt, 1: Set Prioritization Fee, </span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2: Do something, 3: Do something else</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">set_compute_unit_limit</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1_000_000u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">set_compute_unit_price</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_borsh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token number\">0u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_borsh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token number\">0u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"{:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> txn<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txn <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">submit_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Array of instructions: 0: Set Compute Unit Limt, 1: Set Prioritization Fee, </span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2: Do something, 3: Do something else</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">set_compute_unit_limit</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1_000_000u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">set_compute_unit_price</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_borsh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token number\">0u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_borsh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token number\">0u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Program Logs Example ( <a href=\"https://explorer.solana.com/tx/2mNPXeoy3kFxo12L8avsEoep65S4Ehvw2sheduDrAXbmmNJwTtXNmUrb5MM3s15eki2MWSQrwyKGAUQFZ9wAGo9K/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Explorer<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> ):</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Log Output</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-txt ext-txt line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-txt\"><code>[ 1] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 invoke [1]\n[ 2] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 success\n[ 3]\n[ 4] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 invoke [1]\n[ 5] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 success\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 93952610+0xNyk@users.noreply.github.com\">nyk</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class=\"next\"><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n </body>\n</html>\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":80,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de/references/name-service.html"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"de-DE\">\n <head>\n <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1\">\n <meta name=\"generator\" content=\"VuePress 2.0.0-beta.36\">\n <style>\n :root {\n --c-bg: #fff;\n }\n html.dark {\n --c-bg: #22272e;\n }\n html, body {\n background-color: var(--c-bg);\n }\n </style>\n <script>\n const userMode = localStorage.getItem('vuepress-color-scheme');\n\t\t\tconst systemDarkMode = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;\n\t\t\tif (userMode === 'dark' || (userMode !== 'light' && systemDarkMode)) {\n\t\t\t\tdocument.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', true);\n\t\t\t}\n </script>\n <meta name=\"title\" content=\"Solana Kochbuch | Namensregistrierung\"><meta name=\"og:title\" content=\"Solana Kochbuch | Namensregistrierung\"><meta name=\"description\" content=\"Die Namensregistrierung speichert Informationen über den Domänennamen. Erfahren Sie mehr über das Auflösen von SOL-Domains, Reverse/Subdomain-Lookup, mehr über Name Service und Referenzen im Solana-Kochbuch.\"><meta name=\"og:description\" content=\"Die Namensregistrierung speichert Informationen über den Domänennamen. 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d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span><!--[--><!--]--></a></div><div class=\"navbar-item\"><div class=\"navbar-dropdown-wrapper\"><button class=\"navbar-dropdown-title\" type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Select language\"><span class=\"title\">Languages</span><span class=\"arrow down\"></span></button><button class=\"navbar-dropdown-title-mobile\" type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Select language\"><span class=\"title\">Languages</span><span class=\"right arrow\"></span></button><!--[--><ul style=\"display:none;\" class=\"navbar-dropdown\"><!--[--><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/references/name-service.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"English\"><!--[--><!--]--> English 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style=\"display:none;\" class=\"navbar-dropdown\"><!--[--><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/references/name-service.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"English\"><!--[--><!--]--> English <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/zh/references/name-service.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"中文（简体）\"><!--[--><!--]--> 中文（简体） <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/es/references/name-service.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Spanish\"><!--[--><!--]--> Spanish <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/pt/references/name-service.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Português\"><!--[--><!--]--> Português <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active\" aria-label=\"Deutsch\"><!--[--><!--]--> Deutsch <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a 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class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/name-service.html#namensregister\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Namensregister\"><!--[--><!--]--> Namensregister <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/name-service.html#sol-domanen-auflosen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"SOL-Domänen auflösen\"><!--[--><!--]--> SOL-Domänen auflösen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/name-service.html#ruckwartssuche\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Rückwärtssuche\"><!--[--><!--]--> Rückwärtssuche <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/name-service.html#subdomain-nachschlagen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Subdomain nachschlagen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Subdomain nachschlagen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/name-service.html#finden-sie-alle-domainnamen-die-einem-offentlichen-schlussel-gehoren\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Finden Sie alle Domainnamen, die einem öffentlichen Schlüssel gehören\"><!--[--><!--]--> Finden Sie alle Domainnamen, die einem öffentlichen Schlüssel gehören <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/name-service.html#ein-twitter-handle-auflosen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Ein Twitter-Handle auflösen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Ein Twitter-Handle auflösen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/name-service.html#umgekehrte-suche-nach-einem-twitter-handle\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Umgekehrte Suche nach einem Twitter-Handle\"><!--[--><!--]--> Umgekehrte Suche nach einem Twitter-Handle <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"namensdienst\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#namensdienst\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Namensdienst</h1><h2 id=\"namensregister\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#namensregister\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Namensregister</h2><p>Die Namensregistrierung speichert Informationen über den Domänennamen. Es besteht aus zwei Dingen:</p><ul><li>Die Kopfzeile</li><li>Die Daten</li></ul><p>Den Daten für einen Domainnamen wird immer der Header vorangestellt, unten ist die Struktur des Headers in JS:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Schema <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"borsh"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">NameRegistryState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n parentName<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n owner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer <span class=\"token operator\">|</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">static</span> <span class=\"token constant\">HEADER_LEN</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">96</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">static</span> schema<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Schema <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n NameRegistryState<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n kind<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"struct"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fields<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parentName"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"owner"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"class"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">constructor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n parentName<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n owner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>parentName <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>parentName<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>class <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>class<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">NameRegistryState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n parentName<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n owner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer <span class=\"token operator\">|</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">static</span> <span class=\"token constant\">HEADER_LEN</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">96</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">static</span> schema<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Schema <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n NameRegistryState<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n kind<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"struct"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fields<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parentName"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"owner"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"class"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">constructor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n parentName<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n owner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>parentName <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>parentName<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>class <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>class<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"sol-domanen-auflosen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#sol-domanen-auflosen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> SOL-Domänen auflösen</h2><p>.SOL-Domains sind einzigartige, menschenfreundliche Domainnamen die in publicKeys konvertiert werden. Viele Wallets verwenden diese als eine weitere Option zum Senden von Token oder SOL. Sie können konvertieren .SOL-Domains zu ihrem publicKey mit dem Folgenden:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n getHashedName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getNameAccountKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n NameRegistryState<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> domain <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"levi.sol"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> hashedName <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getHashedName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>domain<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">replace</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">".sol"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">""</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> nameAccountKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getNameAccountKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n hashedName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// SOL TLD Authority</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> owner <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">retrieve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n nameAccountKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>registry<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// JUskoxS2PTiaBpxfGaAPgf3cUNhdeYFGMKdL6mZKKfR</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> domain <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"levi.sol"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> hashedName <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getHashedName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>domain<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">replace</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">".sol"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">""</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> nameAccountKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getNameAccountKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n hashedName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// SOL TLD Authority</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> owner <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">retrieve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n nameAccountKey\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>registry<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// JUskoxS2PTiaBpxfGaAPgf3cUNhdeYFGMKdL6mZKKfR</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"ruckwartssuche\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#ruckwartssuche\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Rückwärtssuche</h2><p>Dies kann verwendet werden, um den Domänennamen aus seinem öffentlichen Schlüssel aufzulösen</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> performReverseLookup <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Public key of bonfida.sol</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> domainKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Crf8hzfthWGbGbLTVCiqRqV5MVnbpHB1L9KQMd6gsinb"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> domainName <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">performReverseLookup</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> domainKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// bonfida</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// Public key of bonfida.sol</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> domainKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Crf8hzfthWGbGbLTVCiqRqV5MVnbpHB1L9KQMd6gsinb"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> domainName <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">performReverseLookup</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> domainKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// bonfida</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"subdomain-nachschlagen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#subdomain-nachschlagen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Subdomain nachschlagen</h2><p>Um eine Subdomain aufzulösen, müssen Sie:</p><ol><li>Holen Sie sich den Schlüssel der übergeordneten Domäne</li><li>Holen Sie sich den Subdomain-Schlüssel</li><li>Rufen Sie die Kontoinformationen ab</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n getHashedName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getNameAccountKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n NameRegistryState<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getDNSRecordAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Resolution of demo.bonfida.sol</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> parentDomain <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bonfida"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> subDomain <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"demo"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Step 1</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> hashedParentDomain <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getHashedName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>parentDomain<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> parentDomainKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getNameAccountKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n hashedParentDomain<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Step 2</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> subDomainKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getDNSRecordAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>parentDomainKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> subDomain<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Step 3</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> registry <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">retrieve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> subDomainKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> parentDomain <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bonfida"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> subDomain <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"demo"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Step 1</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> hashedParentDomain <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getHashedName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>parentDomain<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> parentDomainKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getNameAccountKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n hashedParentDomain<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Step 2</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> subDomainKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getDNSRecordAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>parentDomainKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> subDomain<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Step 3</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> registry <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">retrieve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> subDomainKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"finden-sie-alle-domainnamen-die-einem-offentlichen-schlussel-gehoren\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#finden-sie-alle-domainnamen-die-einem-offentlichen-schlussel-gehoren\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Finden Sie alle Domainnamen, die einem öffentlichen Schlüssel gehören</h2><p>Sie können alle Domänennamen einer Brieftasche abrufen, indem Sie eine <code>getProgramAccounts</code>-Anfrage mit einem <code>memcmp</code>-Filter durchführen</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">findOwnedNameAccountsForUser</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n userAccount<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">Promise</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span>PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> filters <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n memcmp<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bytes<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getProgramAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n filters<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> a<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">findOwnedNameAccountsForUser</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n userAccount<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">Promise</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span>PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> filters <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n memcmp<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bytes<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getProgramAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n filters<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> a<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"ein-twitter-handle-auflosen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#ein-twitter-handle-auflosen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Ein Twitter-Handle auflösen</h2><p>Twitter-Handles können [beim Solana-Namensdienst registriert] (https://naming.bonfida.org/#/twitter-registration) und wie .SOL-Domainnamen verwendet werden</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> getHandleAndRegistryKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Pubkey of the wallet you want to retrieve the Twitter handle</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"FidaeBkZkvDqi1GXNEwB8uWmj9Ngx2HXSS5nyGRuVFcZ"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>handle<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> registryKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getHandleAndRegistryKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// Pubkey of the wallet you want to retrieve the Twitter handle</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"FidaeBkZkvDqi1GXNEwB8uWmj9Ngx2HXSS5nyGRuVFcZ"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>handle<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> registryKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getHandleAndRegistryKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"umgekehrte-suche-nach-einem-twitter-handle\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#umgekehrte-suche-nach-einem-twitter-handle\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Umgekehrte Suche nach einem Twitter-Handle</h2><p>Um die mit einem Twitter-Handle verknüpfte SOL-Adresse zu finden, können Sie eine Rückwärtssuche durchführen</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> getTwitterRegistry <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> handle <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bonfida"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> registry <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getTwitterRegistry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> handle<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> handle <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bonfida"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> registry <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getTwitterRegistry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> handle<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span 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href=\"/tr/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Türkçe\"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/ja/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"日本語\"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Für Beginner <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Installation\"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html#transaktion-unterzeichnen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktion unterzeichnen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktion unterzeichnen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html#transaktion-teilweise-signieren\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktion teilweise signieren\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktion teilweise signieren <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html#langlebige-nonce\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Langlebige Nonce\"><!--[--><!--]--> Langlebige Nonce <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html#erstellen-sie-ein-nonce-konto\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Erstellen Sie ein Nonce-Konto\"><!--[--><!--]--> Erstellen Sie ein Nonce-Konto <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html#holen-sie-sich-ein-nonce-konto\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Holen Sie sich ein Nonce-Konto\"><!--[--><!--]--> Holen Sie sich ein Nonce-Konto <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html#verwenden-sie-das-nonce-konto\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Verwenden Sie das Nonce-Konto\"><!--[--><!--]--> Verwenden Sie das Nonce-Konto <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"offline-transaktion\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#offline-transaktion\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Offline-Transaktion</h1><h2 id=\"transaktion-unterzeichnen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#transaktion-unterzeichnen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Transaktion unterzeichnen</h2><p>Um eine Offline-Transaktion zu erstellen, müssen Sie die Transaktion signieren und dann kann jeder es im Netzwerk übertragen.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Message<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> nacl <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"tweetnacl"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// to complete a offline transaction, I will seperate them into four steps</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 1. Create Transaction</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2. Sign Transaction</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 3. Recover Transaction</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 4. Send Transaction</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// create connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// create a example tx, alice transfer to bob and feePayer is `feePayer`</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// alice and feePayer are signer in this tx</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> bob <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1. Create Transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> bob<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getRecentBlockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> realDataNeedToSign <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serializeMessage</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// the real data singer need to sign.</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2. Sign Transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// use any lib you like, the main idea is to use ed25519 to sign it.</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// the return signature should be 64 bytes.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> feePayerSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nacl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">detached</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n realDataNeedToSign<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>secretKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> aliceSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nacl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">detached</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>secretKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 3. Recover Tranasction</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// you can verify signatures before you recovering the transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> verifyFeePayerSignatureResult <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nacl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>detached<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">verify</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n realDataNeedToSign<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n feePayerSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// you should use the raw pubkey (32 bytes) to verify</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">verify feePayer signature: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>verifyFeePayerSignatureResult<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> verifyAliceSignatureResult <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nacl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>detached<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">verify</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n realDataNeedToSign<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n aliceSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">verify alice signature: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>verifyAliceSignatureResult<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// there are two ways you can recover the tx</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 3.a Recover Tranasction (use populate then addSignauture)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> recoverTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">populate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Message<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n recoverTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">addSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n recoverTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">addSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>aliceSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 4. Send transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendRawTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>recoverTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 3.b. Recover Tranasction (use populate with signature)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> recoverTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">populate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Message<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>aliceSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 4. Send transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendRawTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>recoverTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// if this process takes too long, your recent blockhash will expire (after 150 blocks).</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// you can use `durable nonce` to get rid of it.</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span 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class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// there are two ways you can recover the tx</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 3.a Recover Tranasction (use populate then addSignauture)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> recoverTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">populate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Message<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n recoverTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">addSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n recoverTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">addSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>aliceSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 4. Send transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendRawTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>recoverTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 3.b. Recover Tranasction (use populate with signature)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> recoverTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">populate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Message<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>aliceSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 4. Send transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendRawTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>recoverTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"transaktion-teilweise-signieren\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#transaktion-teilweise-signieren\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Transaktion teilweise signieren</h2><p>Wenn für eine Transaktion mehrere Signaturen erforderlich sind, können Sie sie teilweise signieren. Die anderen Unterzeichner können sie dann unterzeichnen und im Netzwerk übertragen.</p><p>Einige Beispiele dafür, wann dies nützlich ist:</p><ul><li>Senden Sie einen SPL-Token gegen Zahlung</li><li>Signieren Sie eine Transaktion, damit Sie später ihre Echtheit überprüfen können</li><li>Rufen Sie benutzerdefinierte Programme in einer Transaktion auf, die Ihre Unterschrift erfordern</li></ul><p>In diesem Beispiel sendet Bob Alice einen SPL-Token als Gegenleistung für ihre Zahlung:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n createTransferCheckedInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getMint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> base58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/* The transaction:\n * - sends 0.01 SOL from Alice to Bob\n * - sends 1 token from Bob to Alice\n * - is partially signed by Bob, so Alice can approve + send it\n */</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alicePublicKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> bobKeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n base58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenAddress <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Gh9ZwEmdLJ8DscKNTkTqPbNwLNNBjuSzaG9Vp2KGtKJr"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> bobTokenAddress <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bobKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Alice may not have a token account, so Bob creates one if not</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> aliceTokenAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bobKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Bob pays the fee to create it</span>\n tokenAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// which token the account is for</span>\n alicePublicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// who the token account is for</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get the details about the token mint</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenMint <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getMint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> tokenAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get a recent blockhash to include in the transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> blockhash <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"finalized"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n recentBlockhash<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Alice pays the transaction fee</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> alicePublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Transfer 0.01 SOL from Alice -> Bob</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> alicePublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> bobKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.01</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Transfer 1 token from Bob -> Alice</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bobTokenAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// source</span>\n tokenAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n aliceTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// destination</span>\n bobKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of source account</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span> <span class=\"token operator\">**</span> tokenMint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>decimals<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount to transfer</span>\n tokenMint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>decimals <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals of token</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Partial sign as Bob</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">partialSign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>bobKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize the transaction and convert to base64 to return it</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> serializedTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// We will need Alice to deserialize and sign the transaction</span>\n requireAllSignatures<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transactionBase64 <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> serializedTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"base64"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> transactionBase64<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// The caller of this can convert it back to a transaction object:</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> recoveredTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transactionBase64<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"base64"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span 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class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1. Add an instruction to send the token from Bob to Alice</span>\ntransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bobTokenAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// source</span>\n tokenAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n aliceTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>address<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// destination</span>\n bobKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of source account</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span> <span class=\"token operator\">**</span> tokenMint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>decimals<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount to transfer</span>\n tokenMint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>decimals <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals of token</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2. Bob partially signs the transaction</span>\ntransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">partialSign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>bobKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 3. Serialize the transaction without requiring all signatures</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> serializedTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n requireAllSignatures<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 4. Alice can deserialize the transaction</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> recoveredTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transactionBase64<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"base64"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"langlebige-nonce\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#langlebige-nonce\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Langlebige Nonce</h2><p>„RecentBlockhash“ ist ein wichtiger Wert für eine Transaktion. Ihre Transaktion wird abgelehnt, wenn Sie einen abgelaufenen aktuellen Blockhash verwenden (nach 150 Blöcken). Sie können "durable nonce" verwenden, um einen nie abgelaufenen aktuellen Blockhash zu erhalten. Um diesen Mechanismus auszulösen, muss Ihre Transaktion</p><ol><li>Verwenden Sie ein im <code>Nonce-Konto</code> gespeichertes <code>nonce</code> als aktuellen Blockhash</li><li>Fügen Sie die Operation <code>Nonce Advance</code> in die erste Anweisung ein</li></ol><h3 id=\"erstellen-sie-ein-nonce-konto\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#erstellen-sie-ein-nonce-konto\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Erstellen Sie ein Nonce-Konto</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> nonceAccountAuth <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> nonceAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">nonce account: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// create nonce account</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// init nonce account</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">nonceInitialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n noncePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// nonce account pubkey</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// nonce account authority (for advance and close)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// create nonce account</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// init nonce account</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">nonceInitialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n noncePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// nonce account pubkey</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// nonce account authority (for advance and close)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"holen-sie-sich-ein-nonce-konto\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#holen-sie-sich-ein-nonce-konto\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Holen Sie sich ein Nonce-Konto</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n NonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> nonceAccountPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"7H18z3v3rZEoKiwY3kh8DLn9eFT6nFCQ2m4kiC7RZ3a4"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accountInfo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getAccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> nonceAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> NonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">nonce: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>nonce<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">authority: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">fee calculator: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token constant\">JSON</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">stringify</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>feeCalculator<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accountInfo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getAccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> nonceAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> NonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"verwenden-sie-das-nonce-konto\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#verwenden-sie-das-nonce-konto\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Verwenden Sie das Nonce-Konto</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n NonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> nonceAccountAuth <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> nonceAccountPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"7H18z3v3rZEoKiwY3kh8DLn9eFT6nFCQ2m4kiC7RZ3a4"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> nonceAccountInfo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getAccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> nonceAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> NonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>nonceAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// nonce advance must be the first instruction</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">nonceAdvance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n noncePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// after that, you do what you really want to do, here we append a transfer instruction as an example.</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// assign `nonce` as recentBlockhash</span>\n tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>nonce<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n nonceAccountAuth\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">/* fee payer + nonce account authority + ... */</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendRawTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// nonce advance must be the first instruction</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">nonceAdvance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n noncePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// after that, you do what you really want to do, here we append a transfer instruction as an example.</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// assign `nonce` as recentBlockhash</span>\ntx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nonceAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>nonce<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\ntx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\ntx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n nonceAccountAuth\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">/* fee payer + nonce account authority + ... */</span>\n\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendRawTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer 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aria-label=\"한국어\"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/tr/references/token.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Türkçe\"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/ja/references/token.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"日本語\"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/references/token.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Für Beginner <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" 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class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#was-benotige-ich-um-mit-spl-tokens-zu-beginnen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Was benötige ich, um mit SPL-Tokens zu beginnen?\"><!--[--><!--]--> Was benötige ich, um mit SPL-Tokens zu beginnen? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-erstellen-sie-ein-neues-token\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So erstellen Sie ein neues Token\"><!--[--><!--]--> So erstellen Sie ein neues Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-erhalten-sie-eine-token-minze\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So erhalten Sie eine Token-Minze\"><!--[--><!--]--> So erhalten Sie eine Token-Minze <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-erstellen-sie-ein-token-konto\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So erstellen Sie ein Token-Konto\"><!--[--><!--]--> So erstellen Sie ein Token-Konto <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-erhalten-sie-ein-token-konto\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So erhalten Sie ein Token-Konto\"><!--[--><!--]--> So erhalten Sie ein Token-Konto <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-erhalten-sie-das-guthaben-eines-token-kontos\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So erhalten Sie das Guthaben eines Token-Kontos\"><!--[--><!--]--> So erhalten Sie das Guthaben eines Token-Kontos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#wie-man-token-pragt\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Wie man Token prägt\"><!--[--><!--]--> Wie man Token prägt <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-ubertragen-sie-token\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So übertragen Sie Token\"><!--[--><!--]--> So übertragen Sie Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#wie-man-token-verbrennt\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Wie man Token verbrennt\"><!--[--><!--]--> Wie man Token verbrennt <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-schließen-sie-token-konten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So schließen Sie Token-Konten\"><!--[--><!--]--> So schließen Sie Token-Konten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-legen-sie-die-autoritat-fur-token-konten-oder-mints-fest\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So legen Sie die Autorität für Token-Konten oder Mints fest\"><!--[--><!--]--> So legen Sie die Autorität für Token-Konten oder Mints fest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-genehmigen-sie-einen-token-delegierten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So genehmigen Sie einen Token-Delegierten\"><!--[--><!--]--> So genehmigen Sie einen Token-Delegierten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-widerrufen-sie-einen-token-delegierten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So widerrufen Sie einen Token-Delegierten\"><!--[--><!--]--> So widerrufen Sie einen Token-Delegierten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-verwalten-sie-verpackte-sol\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So verwalten Sie verpackte SOL\"><!--[--><!--]--> So verwalten Sie verpackte SOL <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#token-konto-erstellen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Token-Konto erstellen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Token-Konto erstellen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#guthaben-hinzufugen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Guthaben hinzufügen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Guthaben hinzufügen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/references/token.html#so-erhalten-sie-alle-token-konten-nach-eigentumer\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So erhalten Sie alle Token-Konten nach Eigentümer\"><!--[--><!--]--> So erhalten Sie alle Token-Konten nach Eigentümer <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"zeichen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#zeichen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Zeichen</h1><h2 id=\"was-benotige-ich-um-mit-spl-tokens-zu-beginnen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#was-benotige-ich-um-mit-spl-tokens-zu-beginnen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Was benötige ich, um mit SPL-Tokens zu beginnen?</h2><p>Jedes Mal, wenn Sie mit Token auf Solana interagieren, tun Sie es tatsächlich Interaktion mit dem Solana Program Library Token oder SPL-Token Standard. Der SPL-Token-Standard erfordert dazu eine bestimmte Bibliothek zu verwenden, die Sie unten basierend auf Ihrer Sprache finden.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-text\"><code>"@solana/spl-token": "^0.2.0"\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-erstellen-sie-ein-neues-token\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erstellen-sie-ein-neues-token\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erstellen Sie ein neues Token</h2><p>Das Erstellen von Token erfolgt durch Erstellen eines sogenannten „Mint-Kontos“. Dieses Mint-Konto wird später verwendet, um Token auf das Token-Konto eines Benutzers zu prägen.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n createInitializeMintInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MINT_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createMint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> mintPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">createMint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// conneciton</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// fee payer</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint authority</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">mint: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mint <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">mint: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// create mint account</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MINT_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// init mint account</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createInitializeMintInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint pubkey</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint authority</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span 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class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> mintPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">createMint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// conneciton</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// fee payer</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint authority</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// create mint account</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MINT_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// init mint account</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createInitializeMintInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint pubkey</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint authority</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-erhalten-sie-eine-token-minze\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erhalten-sie-eine-token-minze\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erhalten Sie eine Token-Minze</h2><p>Um die aktuelle Versorgung, Autorität oder Dezimalstellen eines Tokens zu erhalten, Sie müssen die Kontoinformationen für die Token Mint abrufen.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> getMint <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintAccountPublicKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> mintAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getMint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mintAccountPublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>mintAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n {\n address: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: 7351e5e067cc7cfefef42e78915d3c513edbb8adeeab4d9092e814fe68c39fec>\n },\n mintAuthority: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>\n },\n supply: 0n,\n decimals: 8,\n isInitialized: true,\n freezeAuthority: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>\n }\n }\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> mintAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getMint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mintAccountPublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-erstellen-sie-ein-token-konto\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erstellen-sie-ein-token-konto\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erstellen Sie ein Token-Konto</h2><p>Ein Token-Konto ist erforderlich, damit ein Benutzer Token halten kann.</p><p>Ein Benutzer hat mindestens ein Token-Konto für jeden Token-Typ, den er besitzt.</p><p>Zugehörige Token-Konten werden deterministisch für jedes Schlüsselpaar erstellt. ATAs sind die empfohlene Methode der Verwaltung von Token-Konten.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n createAssociatedTokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"2SKpuBU9ksneBZD4nqbZkw75NE11HsSHsGRtW2BZh5aQ"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> ata <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">createAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// fee payer</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// owner,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">ATA: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>ata<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2) composed by yourself</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// calculate ATA</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> ata <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// owner</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">ATA: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>ata<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// if your wallet is off-curve, you should use</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// let ata = await getAssociatedTokenAddress(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// mintPubkey, // mint</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// alice.publicKey // owner</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// true, // allowOwnerOffCurve</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// );</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n ata<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// ata</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner</span>\n mintPubkey <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> ata <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">createAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// fee payer</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// owner,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2) composed by yourself</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n ata<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// ata</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner</span>\n mintPubkey <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-erhalten-sie-ein-token-konto\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erhalten-sie-ein-token-konto\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erhalten Sie ein Token-Konto</h2><p>Jedes Token-Konto hat Informationen über das Token wie den Besitzer, Minze, Betrag (Saldo) und Dezimalstellen.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> getAccount <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tokenAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n {\n address: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: 16aef79dfadb39ffedb3b6f77688b8c162b18bb9cba2ffefe152303629ae3030>\n },\n mint: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: 7351e5e067cc7cfefef42e78915d3c513edbb8adeeab4d9092e814fe68c39fec>\n },\n owner: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>\n },\n amount: 0n,\n delegate: null,\n delegatedAmount: 0n,\n isInitialized: true,\n isFrozen: false,\n isNative: false,\n rentExemptReserve: null,\n closeAuthority: null\n }\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tokenAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-erhalten-sie-das-guthaben-eines-token-kontos\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erhalten-sie-das-guthaben-eines-token-kontos\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erhalten Sie das Guthaben eines Token-Kontos</h2><p>Das Token-Konto verfügt über das Token-Guthaben, das mit einem einmaligen "call" abgerufen werden kann .</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"FWZedVtyKQtP4CXhT7XDnLidRADrJknmZGA2qNjpTPg8"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tokenAmount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getTokenAccountBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">amount: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>tokenAmount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>amount<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">decimals: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>tokenAmount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>decimals<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tokenAmount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getTokenAccountBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tokenAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">FromStr</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> token_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"FWZedVtyKQtP4CXhT7XDnLidRADrJknmZGA2qNjpTPg8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_token_account_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"amount: {}, decimals: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> balance<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> balance<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>decimals<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_token_account_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>::: Tipp Ein Token-Konto kann nur eine Sorte ünze enthalten. :::</p><h2 id=\"wie-man-token-pragt\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-man-token-pragt\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie man Token prägt</h2><p>Wenn Sie Token prägen, erhöhen Sie den Vorrat und übertragen die neuen Token auf ein bestimmtes Token-Konto.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n createMintToCheckedInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mintToChecked<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">mintToChecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// fee payer</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint authority</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txhash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// if alice is a multisig account</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// let txhash = await mintToChecked(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection, // connection</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// feePayer, // fee payer</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// mintPubkey, // mint</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// tokenAccountPubkey, // receiver (should be a token account)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// alice.publicKey, // !! mint authority pubkey !!</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1e8, // amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 8, // decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// [signer1, signer2 ...],</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// );</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createMintToCheckedInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint authority</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// [signer1, signer2 ...], // only multisig account will use</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice <span class=\"token comment\">/* fee payer + mint authority */</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">mintToChecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// fee payer</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint authority</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createMintToCheckedInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint authority</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// [signer1, signer2 ...], // only multisig account will use</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-ubertragen-sie-token\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-ubertragen-sie-token\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So übertragen Sie Token</h2><p>Sie können Token von einem Token-Konto auf ein anderes Token-Konto übertragen.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n createTransferCheckedInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n transferChecked<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenAccountXPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenAccountYPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"GMxZfDmpR1b3vdJYXHzdF5noVLQogZuUAsDHHQ3ytPfV"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">transferChecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n tokenAccountXPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// from (should be a token account)</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n tokenAccountYPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// to (should be a token account)</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// from's owner</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txhash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenAccountXPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// from (should be a token account)</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n tokenAccountYPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// to (should be a token account)</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// from's owner</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice <span class=\"token comment\">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">transferChecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n tokenAccountXPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// from (should be a token account)</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n tokenAccountYPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// to (should be a token account)</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// from's owner</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenAccountXPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// from (should be a token account)</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n tokenAccountYPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// to (should be a token account)</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// from's owner</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"wie-man-token-verbrennt\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-man-token-verbrennt\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie man Token verbrennt</h2><p>Sie können Token verbrennen (löschen), wenn Sie der Token-Besitzer sind.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n burnChecked<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createBurnCheckedInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">burnChecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txhash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createBurnCheckedInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice <span class=\"token comment\">/* fee payer + token authority */</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">burnChecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createBurnCheckedInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-schließen-sie-token-konten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-schließen-sie-token-konten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So schließen Sie Token-Konten</h2><p>Sie können ein Token-Konto schließen, wenn Sie es nicht mehr verwenden möchten. Es gibt zwei Situationen:</p><ol><li>Eingewickelter SOL - Beim Schließen wird ein umwickelter SOL in SOL umgewandelt</li><li>Andere Token – Sie können es nur schließen, wenn der Kontostand des Token-Kontos 0 beträgt.</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> closeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> createCloseAccountInstruction <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">closeAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account which you want to close</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// destination</span>\n alice <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txhash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account which you want to close</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// destination</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice <span class=\"token comment\">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">closeAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account which you want to close</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// destination</span>\n alice <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account which you want to close</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// destination</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-legen-sie-die-autoritat-fur-token-konten-oder-mints-fest\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-legen-sie-die-autoritat-fur-token-konten-oder-mints-fest\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So legen Sie die Autorität für Token-Konten oder Mints fest</h2><p>Sie können die Autorität festlegen/aktualisieren. Es gibt 4 Arten:</p><ol><li>MintTokens (Mint-Konto)</li><li>FreezeAccount (Mint-Konto)</li><li>AccountOwner (Token-Konto)</li><li>CloseAccount (Token-Konto)</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n AuthorityType<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createSetAuthorityInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n setAuthority<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> randomGuy <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">random guy: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>randomGuy<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// authority type</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1) for mint account</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// AuthorityType.MintTokens</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// AuthorityType.FreezeAccount</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2) for token account</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// AuthorityType.AccountOwner</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// AuthorityType.CloseAccount</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">setAuthority</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint account || token account</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// current authority</span>\n AuthorityType<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>MintTokens<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// authority type</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">randomGuy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// new authority (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txhash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createSetAuthorityInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint acocunt || token account</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// current auth</span>\n AuthorityType<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>MintTokens<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// authority type</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">feePayer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// new auth (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice <span class=\"token comment\">/* fee payer + origin auth */</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">setAuthority</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint account || token account</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// current authority</span>\n AuthorityType<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>MintTokens<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// authority type</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">randomGuy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// new authority (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createSetAuthorityInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint acocunt || token account</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// current auth</span>\n AuthorityType<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>MintTokens<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// authority type</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">randomGuy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// new auth (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-genehmigen-sie-einen-token-delegierten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-genehmigen-sie-einen-token-delegierten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So genehmigen Sie einen Token-Delegierten</h2><p>Sie können einen Delegierten mit einem zulässigen Betrag festlegen. Nach Ihrer Einstellung ist der Delegierte wie ein anderer Besitzer Ihres Token-Kontos. <code>Ein Token-Konto kann nur an ein Konto gleichzeitig delegieren</code></p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n approveChecked<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createApproveCheckedInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> randomGuy <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"GMxZfDmpR1b3vdJYXHzdF5noVLQogZuUAsDHHQ3ytPfV"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">approveChecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// fee payer</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n randomGuy<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// delegate</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txhash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createApproveCheckedInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n randomGuy<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// delegate</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice <span class=\"token comment\">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">approveChecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// fee payer</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n randomGuy<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// delegate</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createApproveCheckedInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n mintPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n randomGuy<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// delegate</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// decimals</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-widerrufen-sie-einen-token-delegierten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-widerrufen-sie-einen-token-delegierten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So widerrufen Sie einen Token-Delegierten</h2><p>Widerrufen setzt den Delegierten auf null und den delegierten Betrag auf 0.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> createRevokeInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> revoke <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"DRS5CSgPQp4uvPPcUA34tckfYFNUPNBJi77fVbnSfQHr"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">revoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n alice <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txhash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createRevokeInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice <span class=\"token comment\">/* fee payer + origin auth */</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1) use build-in function</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">revoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// payer</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n alice <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// or</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2) compose by yourself</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createRevokeInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// token account</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// owner of token account</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-verwalten-sie-verpackte-sol\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-verwalten-sie-verpackte-sol\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So verwalten Sie verpackte SOL</h2><p>Verpacktes SOL genau wie jeder andere Token Mint. Der Unterschied besteht in der Verwendung von <code>syncNative</code> und Erstellen von Token-Konten speziell für die Adresse „NATIVE_MINT“.</p><h3 id=\"token-konto-erstellen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#token-konto-erstellen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Token-Konto erstellen</h3><p>Wie <a href=\"#create-token-account\">Create Token Account</a>, aber ersetzen Sie mint durch <code>NATIVE_MINT</code></p><div class=\"language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">NATIVE_MINT</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><h3 id=\"guthaben-hinzufugen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#guthaben-hinzufugen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Guthaben hinzufügen</h3><p>Es gibt zwei Möglichkeiten, das Gleichgewicht für Wrapped SOL hinzuzufügen</p><h4 id=\"_1-per-sol-uberweisung\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#_1-per-sol-uberweisung\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> 1. Per SOL-Überweisung</h4><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createSyncNativeInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// remember to create ATA first</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> ata <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// owner</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> amount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">1e9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">/* Wrapped SOL's decimals is 9 */</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// trasnfer SOL</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> ata<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// sync wrapped SOL balance</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createSyncNativeInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// trasnfer SOL</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> ata<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// sync wrapped SOL balance</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createSyncNativeInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h4 id=\"_2-per-token-transfer\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#_2-per-token-transfer\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> 2. Per Token-Transfer</h4><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createInitializeAccountInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createTransferInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n closeAccountInstructionData<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createCloseAccountInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> alice <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// remember to create ATA first</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> ata <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mint</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// owner</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> auxAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> amount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">1e9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">/* Wrapped SOL's decimals is 9 */</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// create token account</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> auxAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// rent + amount</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// init token account</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createInitializeAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n auxAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// transfer WSOL</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createTransferInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n auxAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n ata<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n amount\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// close aux account</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n auxAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n auxAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// create token account</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> auxAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// rent + amount</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// init token account</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createInitializeAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n auxAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// transfer WSOL</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createTransferInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>auxAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ata<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// close aux account</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n auxAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n alice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-erhalten-sie-alle-token-konten-nach-eigentumer\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-erhalten-sie-alle-token-konten-nach-eigentumer\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So erhalten Sie alle Token-Konten nach Eigentümer</h2><p>Sie können Token-Konten nach Besitzer abrufen. Es gibt zwei Möglichkeiten, dies zu tun.</p><ol><li>Erhalten Sie alle Token-Konten</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> owner <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> response <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n response<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">forEach</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">pubkey: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">mint: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parsed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"info"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"mint"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">owner: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parsed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"info"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"owner"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">decimals: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parsed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"info"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"tokenAmount"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"decimals"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">amount: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parsed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"info"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"tokenAmount"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"amount"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"===================="</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> response <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><ol start=\"2\"><li>Nach Mint filtern</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> owner <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mint <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"54dQ8cfHsW1YfKYpmdVZhWpb9iSi6Pac82Nf7sg3bVb"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> response <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n mint<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n response<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">forEach</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">pubkey: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">mint: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parsed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"info"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"mint"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">owner: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parsed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"info"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"owner"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">decimals: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parsed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"info"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"tokenAmount"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"decimals"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">amount: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parsed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"info"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"tokenAmount"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"amount"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"===================="</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> response <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n mint<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 93952610+0xNyk@users.noreply.github.com\">nyk</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class=\"next\"><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n </body>\n</html>\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":83,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de/getting-started/installation.html"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"de-DE\">\n <head>\n <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1\">\n <meta name=\"generator\" content=\"VuePress 2.0.0-beta.36\">\n <style>\n :root {\n --c-bg: #fff;\n }\n html.dark {\n --c-bg: #22272e;\n }\n html, body {\n background-color: var(--c-bg);\n }\n </style>\n <script>\n const userMode = localStorage.getItem('vuepress-color-scheme');\n\t\t\tconst systemDarkMode = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;\n\t\t\tif (userMode === 'dark' || (userMode !== 'light' && systemDarkMode)) {\n\t\t\t\tdocument.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', true);\n\t\t\t}\n </script>\n <meta name=\"title\" content=\"Solana Kochbuch | Installation\"><meta name=\"og:title\" content=\"Solana Kochbuch | Installation\"><meta name=\"description\" content=\"Erfahren Sie anhand von Tutorials, Leitfäden und Beispielen, wie Sie mit Solana beginnen.\"><meta name=\"og:description\" content=\"Erfahren Sie anhand von Tutorials, Leitfäden und Beispielen, wie Sie mit Solana beginnen.\"><meta name=\"og:image\" content=\"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png\"><meta name=\"og:image:alt\" content=\"Solana splash card\"><meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\"><meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@solanacookbook\"><meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png\"><meta 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aria-label=\"Français\"><!--[--><!--]--> Français <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/id/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Bahasa Indonesia\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/kr/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"한국어\"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/tr/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Türkçe\"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/ja/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"日本語\"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Für Beginner <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Installation\"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html#installieren-von-web3-js\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Installieren von Web3.js\"><!--[--><!--]--> Installieren von Web3.js <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html#web3-js\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Web3.js\"><!--[--><!--]--> Web3.js <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html#spl-token\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"SPL-Token\"><!--[--><!--]--> SPL-Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html#wallet-adapter\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Wallet-Adapter\"><!--[--><!--]--> Wallet-Adapter <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html#install-rust\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Install Rust\"><!--[--><!--]--> Install Rust <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html#install-cli\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Install CLI\"><!--[--><!--]--> Install CLI <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html#macos-linux\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"macOS & Linux\"><!--[--><!--]--> macOS & Linux <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html#windows\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Windows\"><!--[--><!--]--> Windows <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html#aus-quelle-erstellen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Aus Quelle erstellen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Aus Quelle erstellen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h2 id=\"installieren-von-web3-js\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#installieren-von-web3-js\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Installieren von Web3.js</h2><p>Es gibt einige Bibliotheken, die Sie verwenden können, um mit Javascript oder Typoskript auf Solana zu beginnen.</p><h3 id=\"web3-js\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#web3-js\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Web3.js</h3><p><a href=\"https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><code>@solana/web3.js</code><span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> ist eine Bibliothek mit vielen grundlegenden Solana-Tools zum Interagieren, Senden von Transaktionen und Lesen aus der Blockchain.</p><p>Sie können Folgendes installieren:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">YARN</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">NPM</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">BROWSER</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">yarn</span> <span class=\"token function\">add</span> @solana/web3.js\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">npm</span> <span class=\"token function\">install</span> --save @solana/web3.js\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-html\"><code><span class=\"token comment\"><!-- Development (un-minified) --></span>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/web3.js@latest/lib/index.iife.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"><!-- Production (minified) --></span>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/web3.js@latest/lib/index.iife.min.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><hr><h3 id=\"spl-token\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#spl-token\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> SPL-Token</h3><p><code>@solana/spl-token</code> ist eine Bibliothek, die viele der Javascript-/Typescript-Bindungen enthält, die für die Interaktion mit SPL-Token erforderlich sind. Sie können diese Bibliothek verwenden, um neue SPL-Token zu prägen, Token zu übertragen und vieles mehr.</p><p>Sie können diese Bibliothek wie folgt installieren:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">YARN</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">NPM</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">BROWSER</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">yarn</span> <span class=\"token function\">add</span> @solana/spl-token\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">npm</span> <span class=\"token function\">install</span> --save @solana/spl-token\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-html\"><code><span class=\"token comment\"><!-- Development (un-minified) --></span>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/spl-token@latest/lib/index.iife.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"><!-- Production (minified) --></span>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/spl-token@latest/lib/index.iife.min.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><hr><h3 id=\"wallet-adapter\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wallet-adapter\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wallet-Adapter</h3><p>Es gibt eine Sammlung von Bibliotheken, die beim Bootstrap von Wallet-Verbindungen innerhalb von Solana helfen können, genannt Wallet-Adapter. Derzeit unterstützt das Paket die Verwendung in Svelte, Angular, Vue.js und React. Wallet-Adapter kann Ihre dApp schnell mit mit Wallets wie <a href=\"https://phantom.app/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Phantom<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>, <a href=\"https://solflare.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solflare<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> und mehr integrieren.</p><p>Sie können diese Bibliothek wie folgt installieren:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">YARN</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">NPM</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">yarn</span> <span class=\"token function\">add</span> @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets <span class=\"token punctuation\">\\</span>\n @solana/wallet-adapter-base\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">npm</span> <span class=\"token function\">install</span> --save @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets <span class=\"token punctuation\">\\</span>\n @solana/wallet-adapter-base\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"install-rust\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#install-rust\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Install Rust</h2><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">MACOS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">LINUX</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">curl</span> --proto <span class=\"token string\">'=https'</span> --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs <span class=\"token operator\">|</span> <span class=\"token function\">sh</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">curl</span> --proto <span class=\"token string\">'=https'</span> --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs <span class=\"token operator\">|</span> <span class=\"token function\">sh</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>For Windows, besuchen Sie bitte die <a href=\"https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rust installations Seite<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><h2 id=\"install-cli\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#install-cli\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Install CLI</h2><h3 id=\"macos-linux\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#macos-linux\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> macOS & Linux</h3><p>Öffnen Sie Ihre bevorzugte Terminal-Anwendung.</p><p>Ersetzen Sie <code>LATEST_RELEASE</code> mit Ihrer gewünschten Version und installieren Sie die <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">neueste Solana Version<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> auf Ihrem Computer, indem Sie Folgendes ausführen:</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">sh</span> -c <span class=\"token string\">"<span class=\"token variable\"><span class=\"token variable\">$(</span><span class=\"token function\">curl</span> -sSfL https://release.solana.com/LATEST_RELEASE/install<span class=\"token variable\">)</span></span>"</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p>Sie können die Softwareversion Ihres gewünschten Releases "LATEST_RELEASE" durch das passende Release-Tag ersetzen, oder verwenden Sie eines der drei symbolischen Kanalnamen: „stable“, „beta“ oder „edge“. Um die neueste Version zu finden, überprüfen Sie die verfügbaren Versionen <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hier<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Die folgende Ausgabe zeigt ein erfolgreiches Update an:</p><div class=\"language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-text\"><code>downloading LATEST_RELEASE installer\nConfiguration: /home/solana/.config/solana/install/config.yml\nActive release directory: /home/solana/.local/share/solana/install/active_release\n* Release version: LATEST_RELEASE\n* Release URL: https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/download/LATEST_RELEASE/solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2\nUpdate successful\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br></div></div><p>Abhängig von Ihrem System werden Sie möglicherweise am Ende der Meldung des Installationsprogramms aufgefordert zu</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>Please update your <span class=\"token environment constant\">PATH</span> environment variable to include the solana programs:\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p>Wenn Sie die obige Meldung erhalten, kopieren Sie den empfohlenen Befehl unten und fügen Sie ihn ein es, um <code>PATH</code> zu aktualisieren.</p><p>Bestätigen Sie, dass Sie die gewünschte Version von „solana“ installiert haben, indem Sie Folgendes ausführen:</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana --version\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p>Nach erfolgreicher Installation kann <code>solana-install update</code> problemlos verwendet werden, um die Solana-Software jederzeit auf eine neuere Version aktualisieren.</p><h4 id=\"herunterladen-von-binardateien-linux\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#herunterladen-von-binardateien-linux\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Herunterladen von Binärdateien (Linux)</h4><p>Alternativ können Sie aus Binärdateien installieren, anstatt solana-install zu verwenden.</p><p>Laden Sie die Binärdateien herunter, indem Sie zu <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> navigieren, <strong>solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-msvc.tar.bz2</strong> downloaden, und dann das Archiv entpacken:</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">tar</span> jxf solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd</span> solana-release/\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">export</span> <span class=\"token assign-left variable\"><span class=\"token environment constant\">PATH</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token environment constant\">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class=\"token environment constant\">$PATH</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><h4 id=\"herunterladen-von-binardateien-macos\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#herunterladen-von-binardateien-macos\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Herunterladen von Binärdateien (macOS)</h4><p>Alternativ können Sie aus Binärdateien installieren, anstatt solana-install zu verwenden.</p><p>Laden Sie die Binärdateien herunter, indem Sie zu <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>, download <strong>solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2</strong> navigieren, und dann das Archiv entpacken:</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">tar</span> jxf solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd</span> solana-release/\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">export</span> <span class=\"token assign-left variable\"><span class=\"token environment constant\">PATH</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token environment constant\">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class=\"token environment constant\">$PATH</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><hr><h3 id=\"windows\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#windows\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Windows</h3><p>Öffnen Sie als Administrator eine Eingabeaufforderung (<code>cmd.exe</code>).</p><p>Suchen Sie in der Windows-Suchleiste nach Eingabeaufforderung. Wenn der Befehl Die Prompt-App erscheint, klicken Sie mit der rechten Maustaste und wählen Sie „Als Administrator öffnen“. Wenn Sie von einem Popup-Fenster mit der Frage „Möchten Sie dieser App erlauben, Änderungen an Ihrem Gerät vornehmen?“ klicken Sie auf „Ja“.</p><p>Kopieren Sie den folgenden Befehl, fügen Sie ihn ein und drücken Sie dann die Eingabetaste, um Solana herunterzuladen Installer in ein temporäres Verzeichnis:</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">curl</span> https://release.solana.com/v1.9.16/solana-install-init-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe --output C:<span class=\"token punctuation\">\\</span>solana-install-tmp<span class=\"token punctuation\">\\</span>solana-install-init.exe --create-dirs\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p>Wenn „v1.9.16“ nicht Ihre gewünschte Version ist, finden Sie die neueste Version <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hier<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Kopieren Sie den folgenden Befehl und fügen Sie ihn ein. Drücken Sie dann die Eingabetaste, um die neueste Version zu installieren Version von Solana. Wenn Sie ein Sicherheits-Popup von Ihrem System sehen, wählen Sie es bitte aus, das Programm laufen zu lassen.</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>C:<span class=\"token punctuation\">\\</span>solana-install-tmp<span class=\"token punctuation\">\\</span>solana-install-init.exe v1.9.16\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p>Um die neueste Version zu finden, überprüfen Sie die aktuell verfügbaren Versionen <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hier<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Wenn das Installationsprogramm fertig ist, drücken Sie die Eingabetaste.</p><p>Schließen Sie das Eingabeaufforderungsfenster und öffnen Sie erneut ein neues Eingabeaufforderungsfenster als normaler Benutzer.</p><p>Suchen Sie in der Suchleiste nach „Eingabeaufforderung“ und klicken Sie dann mit der linken Maustaste auf die App-Symbol für Eingabeaufforderung (muss nicht als Administrator ausgeführt werden).</p><p>Bestätigen Sie, dass Sie die gewünschte Version von <code>solana</code> installiert haben, indem Sie Folgendes eingeben:</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana --version\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p>Nach erfolgreicher Installation kann <code>solana-install update</code> problemlos verwendet werden, und die Solana-Software jederzeit auf eine neuere Version aktualisiert werden.</p><h4 id=\"herunterladen-von-binardateien\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#herunterladen-von-binardateien\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Herunterladen von Binärdateien</h4><p>Alternativ können Sie aus Binärdateien installieren, anstatt solana-install zu verwenden.</p><p>Laden Sie die Binärdateien herunter, indem Sie zu <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>, download <strong>solana-release-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.tar.bz2</strong>navigieren, und dann das Archiv mit bspw. WinRar entpacken:</p><p>Öffnen Sie eine Eingabeaufforderung und navigieren Sie zu dem Verzeichnis, in das Sie extrahiert haben die Binärdateien und führen Sie aus:</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd</span> solana-release/\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">set</span> <span class=\"token assign-left variable\"><span class=\"token environment constant\">PATH</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span>%cd%/bin<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>%<span class=\"token environment constant\">PATH</span>%\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><h3 id=\"aus-quelle-erstellen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#aus-quelle-erstellen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Aus Quelle erstellen</h3><p>Wenn Sie die vorgefertigten Binärdateien nicht verwenden können oder es vorziehen, sie selbst zu erstellen von der Quelle, navigieren Sie zu <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>, und laden Sie das <strong>Quellcode</strong>-Archiv (<strong>source code</strong>) herunter. Extrahieren Sie den Code und erstellen Sie die Binärdateien mit:</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>./scripts/cargo-install-all.sh <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">.</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">export</span> <span class=\"token assign-left variable\"><span class=\"token environment constant\">PATH</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token environment constant\">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class=\"token environment constant\">$PATH</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><p>Sie können dann den folgenden Befehl ausführen, um das gleiche Ergebnis wie mit vorgefertigte Binärdateien zu erhalten:</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-install init\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 93952610+0xNyk@users.noreply.github.com\">nyk</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n 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Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/kr/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"한국어\"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/tr/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Türkçe\"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/ja/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"日本語\"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Für Beginner <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Installation\"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#einrichten-der-borsh-serialisierung\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Einrichten der Borsh-Serialisierung\"><!--[--><!--]--> Einrichten der Borsh-Serialisierung <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#so-serialisieren-sie-anweisungsdaten-auf-dem-client\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So serialisieren Sie Anweisungsdaten auf dem Client\"><!--[--><!--]--> So serialisieren Sie Anweisungsdaten auf dem Client <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#so-deserialisieren-sie-befehlsdaten-im-programm\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So deserialisieren Sie Befehlsdaten im Programm\"><!--[--><!--]--> So deserialisieren Sie Befehlsdaten im Programm <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#so-serialisieren-sie-kontodaten-im-programm\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So serialisieren Sie Kontodaten im Programm\"><!--[--><!--]--> So serialisieren Sie Kontodaten im Programm <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#pack\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Pack\"><!--[--><!--]--> Pack <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#serialisierung-deserialisierung\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisierung/Deserialisierung\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisierung/Deserialisierung <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#usage\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Usage\"><!--[--><!--]--> Usage <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#so-deserialisieren-sie-kontodaten-auf-dem-client\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"So deserialisieren Sie Kontodaten auf dem Client\"><!--[--><!--]--> So deserialisieren Sie Kontodaten auf dem Client <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#common-solana-ts-js-mappings\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Common Solana TS/JS Mappings\"><!--[--><!--]--> Common Solana TS/JS Mappings <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#fortgeschrittene-konstrukte\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Fortgeschrittene Konstrukte\"><!--[--><!--]--> Fortgeschrittene Konstrukte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#coption\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"COption\"><!--[--><!--]--> COption <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html#ressourcen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Ressourcen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Ressourcen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"serialisieren-von-daten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#serialisieren-von-daten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Serialisieren von Daten</h1><p>Wenn wir von Serialisierung sprechen, meinen wir sowohl die Serialisierung von Daten als auch die Deserialisierung von Daten.</p><p>Die Serialisierung kommt an einigen Stellen im Lebenszyklus des Solana-Programms und der Programmkonten ins Spiel:</p><ol><li>Serialisieren von Befehlsdaten an den Client</li><li>Deserialisieren von Befehlsdaten im Programm</li><li>Serialisieren von Kontodaten im Programm</li><li>Kontodaten auf dem Client deserialisieren</li></ol><p>Es ist wichtig, dass die oben genannten Aktionen alle durch denselben Serialisierungsansatz unterstützt werden. Das enthaltene Snippets demonstrieren die Serialisierung mit <a href=\"#Ressourcen\">Borsh</a>.</p><p>Die Beispiele im Rest dieses Dokuments sind Auszüge aus der <a href=\"#Ressourcen\">Solana CLI Program Template</a></p><h2 id=\"einrichten-der-borsh-serialisierung\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#einrichten-der-borsh-serialisierung\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Einrichten der Borsh-Serialisierung</h2><p>Bibliotheken für Borsh müssen für das Rust-Programm, den Rust-Client, den Node- und/oder den Python-Client eingerichtet werden.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Program</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust Client</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Node Client</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python Client</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-toml ext-toml line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-toml\"><code><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token table class-name\">package</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">name</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana-cli-template-program-bpf"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">version</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"0.1.0"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">edition</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"2018"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">license</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"WTFPL"</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token table class-name\">features</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">no-entrypoint</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token table class-name\">dependencies</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">borsh</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"0.9.0"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">lazy_static</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.4.0"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">num-derive</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"0.3"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">num_enum</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"0.5.1"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">num-integer</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"0.1.44"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">num-traits</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"0.2"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">sol-template-shared</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token key property\">path</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"../shared"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">solana-program</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.8.2"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">thiserror</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.0"</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token table class-name\">dev-dependencies</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">solana-program-test</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.8.2"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">solana-sdk</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.8.2"</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token table class-name\">lib</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">crate-type</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"cdylib"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"lib"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-toml ext-toml line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-toml\"><code><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token table class-name\">package</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">name</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"cli-program-template"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">version</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"0.1.5"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">edition</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"2018"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">license</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"WTFPL"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">publish</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token table class-name\">dependencies</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">borsh</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"0.9.0"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">clap</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"2.33.3"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">lazy_static</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.4.0"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">serde</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token key property\">version</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.0.125"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token key property\">features</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"derive"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">serde_yaml</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"0.8.17"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">sol-template-shared</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token key property\">path</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"shared"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">solana-clap-utils</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.8.2"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">solana-cli-config</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.8.2"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">solana-client</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.8.2"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">solana-logger</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.8.2"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">solana-remote-wallet</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.8.2"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">solana-sdk</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.8.2"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">tokio</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token key property\">version</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token key property\">features</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"full"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token table class-name\">workspace</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">members</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"program"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"shared"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token table class-name\">dev-dependencies</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">lazy_static</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.4.0"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">solana-validator</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.8.2"</span>\n<span class=\"token key property\">solana-streamer</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"1.8.2"</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span 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aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-json ext-json line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-json\"><code><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"name"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"ts-program-template"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"version"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"0.1.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"description"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"Sample TS App"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"main"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"client/nmain.ts"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"author"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">""</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"keywords"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"workspace"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"client/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"repository"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"type"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"git"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"url"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https: //github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"homepage"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"https: //github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"scripts"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"test:all"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"npm run build:client && npm run test:client"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"build:client"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"rm -rf ./.dist/client && tsc "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"start"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"node ./node_modules/.bin/mocha .dist/client/main.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"test:client"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"npm run start"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"lint"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"eslint --ext .ts client/* && prettier --check \\"client/**/*.ts\\""</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"lint:fix"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"eslint --ext .ts client/* --fix"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"pretty"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"prettier --write '{,client/**/}*.ts'"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"devDependencies"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"@tsconfig/recommended"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^1.0.1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"@types/chai"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^4.3.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"@types/eslint"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^7.28.2"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"@types/eslint-plugin-prettier"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^3.1.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"@types/mkdirp"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^1.0.2"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"@types/mocha"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^9.0.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"@types/prettier"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^2.4.1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^5.6.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"@typescript-eslint/parser"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^5.6.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"chai"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^4.3.4"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"eslint"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^8.2.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"eslint-config-google"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^0.14.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"eslint-config-prettier"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^8.3.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"eslint-plugin-prettier"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^4.0.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"html-webpack-plugin"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^5.5.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"mocha"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^9.1.3"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"prettier"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^2.4.1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"start-server-and-test"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^1.14.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"ts-node"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^10.4.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"typescript"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^4.5.2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"dependencies"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^1.31.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"borsh"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^0.7.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"env"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^0.0.2"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"fs"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^0.0.1-security"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"mkdirp"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^1.0.4"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"npm-check-updates"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^12.0.3"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"sync-request"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^6.1.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">"update"</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"^0.4.2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-txt ext-txt line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-txt\"><code>borsh-construct==0.1.0\nsolana==0.20.0\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-serialisieren-sie-anweisungsdaten-auf-dem-client\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-serialisieren-sie-anweisungsdaten-auf-dem-client\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So serialisieren Sie Anweisungsdaten auf dem Client</h2><img src=\"/assets/ser1.ceec0bad.png\" alt=\"Serialize Instruction Data\"><p>Wenn Sie ausgehende Befehlsdaten serialisieren, um sie an ein Programm zu senden, muss dies widerspiegeln, wie das Programm die deserialisiert eingehende Instruktionsdaten.</p><p>In dieser Vorlage ist ein Anweisungsdatenblock ein serialisiertes Array, das Folgendes enthält, mit Beispielen:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Anweisung (Variant index)</th><th>Serialisierter Schlüssel</th><th>Serialisierter Wert</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Initialisieren (0)</td><td>nicht für den Unterricht geeignet</td><td>nicht für den Unterricht geeignet</td></tr><tr><td>Minze (1)</td><td>"Foo"</td><td>"Balken"</td></tr><tr><td>Übertragung (2)</td><td>"Foo"</td><td>nicht für den Unterricht geeignet</td></tr><tr><td>Brennen (2)</td><td>"Foo"</td><td>nicht für den Unterricht geeignet</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Im folgenden Beispiel gehen wir davon aus, dass das programmeigene Konto initialisiert wurde</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS Client</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python Client</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust Client</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// Include borsh functionality</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> serialize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> deserialize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"borsh"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Buffer <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"buffer"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Get Solana</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Flexible class that takes properties and imbues them</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// to the object instance</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Assignable</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">constructor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Object<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">keys</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Our instruction payload vocabulary</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Payload</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">extends</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Assignable</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Borsh needs a schema describing the payload</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> payloadSchema <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n Payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n kind<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"struct"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fields<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"id"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"u8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"key"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"string"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"value"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"string"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Instruction variant indexes</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">enum</span> InstructionVariant <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n InitializeAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n MintKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransferKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n BurnKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * Mint a key value pair to account\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> connection - Solana RPC connection\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> progId - Sample Program public key\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> account - Target program owned account for Mint\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> wallet - Wallet for signing and payment\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> mintKey - The key being minted key\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> mintValue - The value being minted\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Promise<Keypair><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> - Keypair\n */</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">mintKV</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n progId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mintKey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mintValue<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">string</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">Promise</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token builtin\">string</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Construct the payload</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mint <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Payload</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n id<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> InstructionVariant<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>MintKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n key<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mintKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 'ts key'</span>\n value<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mintValue<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 'ts first value'</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize the payload</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintSerBuf <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>payloadSchema<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// console.log(mintSerBuf)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// => <Buffer 01 06 00 00 00 74 73 20 6b 65 79 0e 00 00 00 74 73 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 76 61 6c 75 65></span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// let mintPayloadCopy = deserialize(schema, Payload, mintSerBuf)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// console.log(mintPayloadCopy)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// => Payload { id: 1, key: 'ts key', value: 'ts first value' }</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Create Solana Instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mintSerBuf<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> account<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> progId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Send Solana Transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transactionSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n commitment<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"singleGossip"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n preflightCommitment<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"singleGossip"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Signature = "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> transactionSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> transactionSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">104</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">105</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">106</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">107</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">108</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> borsh_construct <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> String<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> CStruct<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> U8\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> enum <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> IntEnum\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>transaction <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Transaction\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Pubkey\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>instruction <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> AccountMeta\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>rpc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>responses <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> SendTransactionResp\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>rpc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>api <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Client\n\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Instruction variants for target program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">InstructionVariant</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>IntEnum<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n INITIALIZE <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span>\n MINT <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span>\n TRANSFER <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span>\n BURN <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Schema for sending instructionVariants to on-chain sample program</span>\npayload_schema <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> CStruct<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"id"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> U8<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"key"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> String<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"value"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> String<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token function\">construct_payload</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>instruction_variant<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> InstructionVariant<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n <span class=\"token triple-quoted-string string\">"""Generate a serialized instructionVariant"""</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> payload_schema<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>build<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token string\">"id"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> instruction_variant<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"key"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"value"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token function\">mint_kv</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n client<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_pk<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_pk<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n wallet_kp<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mint_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mint_value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> SendTransactionResp<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n <span class=\"token triple-quoted-string string\">"""Mint with a key/value pair to an account"""</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># Construct the program payload for Mint invariant</span>\n payload_ser <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> construct_payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>InstructionVariant<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>MINT<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mint_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mint_value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\"># print(payload_ser)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => b'\\x01\\n\\x00\\x00\\x00python key\\x0c\\x00\\x00\\x00python value'</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># mint_payload_copy = payload_schema.parse(payload_ser)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># print(mint_payload_copy)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => Container:</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => initialized = 1</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => key = u'python key' (total 10)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => value = u'python value' (total 12)</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\"># Construct the transaction with instructionVariant</span>\n txn <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>add<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>AccountMeta<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_pk<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">False</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">True</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>program_pk<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>payload_ser\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>send_transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>txn<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet_kp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': '4ZdpWNdovdVaLextWSiqEBWp67k9rNTTUaX3qviHDXWY9c98bVtaRt5sasPhYzMVXHqhex78gzNKytcBnVH5CSTZ', 'id': 2}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Instruction payload gets serialized</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">Payload</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'a</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n variant<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'a</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'a</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Perform a mint transaction consisting of a key/value pair</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// See submit_transaction below</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">mint_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountMeta</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mint_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mint_value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mint_instruction_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Signature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup the payload. `mint_instruction_id` is instruction variant index = 1</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Payload</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span>`_<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n variant<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> mint_instruction_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> mint_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> mint_value<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_borsh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">submit_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Submits the program instruction as per the</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// instruction definition</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">submit_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Signature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_unsigned</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Message</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _fee_calculator<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rpc_client\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_sign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token macro property\">vec!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rpc_client\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner_and_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-deserialisieren-sie-befehlsdaten-im-programm\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-deserialisieren-sie-befehlsdaten-im-programm\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So deserialisieren Sie Befehlsdaten im Programm</h2><img src=\"/assets/ser2.38d4ca5b.png\" alt=\"Deserialize Instruction Data\"><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">//! instruction Contains the main ProgramInstruction enum</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">crate</span><span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">SampleError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// All custom program instructions</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">enum</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">InitializeAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">MintToAccount</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">TransferBetweenAccounts</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">BurnFromAccount</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">MintToAccountWithFee</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">TransferBetweenAccountsWithFee</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">BurnFromAccountWithFee</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Generic Payload Deserialization</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">Payload</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n variant<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n arg1<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n arg2<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>input<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payload <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Payload</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>input<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>variant <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InitializeAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MintToAccount</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>arg1<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>arg2<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">TransferBetweenAccounts</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>arg1 <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">3</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BurnFromAccount</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>arg1 <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MintToAccountWithFee</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>arg1<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>arg2<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">5</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">TransferBetweenAccountsWithFee</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>arg1 <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">6</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BurnFromAccountWithFee</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>arg1 <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _ <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SampleError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DeserializationFailure</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-serialisieren-sie-kontodaten-im-programm\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-serialisieren-sie-kontodaten-im-programm\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So serialisieren Sie Kontodaten im Programm</h2><img src=\"/assets/ser3.7cdd43c8.png\" alt=\"Account Data Serialization\"><p>Der Datenblock des Programmkontos (aus dem Beispielrepo) ist wie folgt aufgebaut</p><table><thead><tr><th>Byte 0</th><th>Bytes 1-4</th><th>Restbyte bis 1019</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Initialisiertes Flag</td><td>Länge der serialisierten BTreeMap</td><td>BTreeMap (wo Schlüsselwertpaare gespeichert werden)</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 id=\"pack\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#pack\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Pack</h3><p>Ein Wort zur Eigenschaft <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/22a18a68e3ee68ae013d647e62e12128433d7230/sdk/program/src/program_pack.rs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pack<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Die Pack-Eigenschaft erleichtert das Ausblenden der Details der Kontodatenserialisierung/-deserialisierung von Ihrer Kernprogramm-Anweisungsverarbeitung. Anstatt also alles zu serialisieren/deserialisieren Melden Sie sich im Programmverarbeitungscode an, und kapselt die Details hinter (3) Funktionen:</p><ol><li><code>unpack_unchecked</code> - Ermöglicht Ihnen, ein Konto zu deserialisieren, ohne zu prüfen, ob es initialisiert wurde. Dies ist nützlich, wenn Sie die Initialisierungsfunktion tatsächlich bearbeiten (Variantenindex 0)</li><li><code>unpack</code> – Ruft Ihre Pack-Implementierung von <code>unpack_from_slice</code> auf und prüft, ob das Konto initialisiert wurde.</li><li><code>pack</code> – Ruft Ihre Pack-Implementierung von <code>pack_into_slice</code> auf</li></ol><p>Hier ist die Implementierung der Pack-Eigenschaft für unser Beispielprogramm. Darauf folgt das eigentliche Verarbeitung der Kontodaten mit Borsh.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">crate</span><span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">SampleError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">sol_template_shared<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_pack<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IsInitialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Sealed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>collections<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Maintains global accumulator</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n btree_storage<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Returns indicator if this account has been initialized</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">set_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Adds a new key/value pair to the account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>btree_storage<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">contains_key</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SampleError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">KeyAlreadyExists</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>btree_storage<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">insert</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Removes a key from account and returns the keys value</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">remove</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SampleError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>btree_storage<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">contains_key</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>btree_storage<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">remove</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SampleError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">KeyNotFoundInAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Sealed</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Pack expects the implementation to satisfy whether the</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// account is initialzed.</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">IsInitialized</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">is_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pack</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">pack_into_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sol_template_shared<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">pack_into_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>btree_storage<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">unpack_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">sol_template_shared<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">unpack_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> btree_map<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n btree_storage<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> btree_map<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"serialisierung-deserialisierung\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#serialisierung-deserialisierung\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Serialisierung/Deserialisierung</h3><p>So schließen Sie die zugrunde liegende Serialisierung und Deserialisierung ab:</p><ol><li><code>sol_template_shared::pack_into_slice</code> – Wo die eigentliche Serialisierung stattfindet</li><li><code>sol_template_shared::unpack_from_slice</code> – Wo die eigentliche Deserialisierung stattfindet</li></ol><p><strong>Beachten Sie</strong>, dass wir im Folgenden eine <code>u32</code> (4 Bytes) Partition im Datenlayout für <code>BTREE_LENGTH</code> vor <code>BTREE_STORAGE</code> haben. Dies liegt daran, dass Borsh während der Deserialisierung überprüft, ob die Länge des Slice, das Sie deserialisieren, mit der Menge von Daten übereinstimmt , die es vor der tatsächlichen Rekombination des empfangenden Objekts liest. Die Vorgehensweise unten demonstriert liest zuerst die <code>BTREE_LENGTH</code>, um die Größe zu erhalten, aus der <code>slice</code> wird <code>BTREE_STORAGE</code>-Zeiger.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">arrayref<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>program_memory<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>sol_memcpy<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">collections<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Initialization flag size for account state</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Storage for the serialized size of the BTreeMap control</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Storage for the serialized BTreeMap container</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1019</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Sum of all account state lengths</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BTREE_LENGTH</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Packs the initialized flag and data content into destination slice</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">pack_into_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n btree_storage<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> dst <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">array_mut_ref!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>is_initialized_dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data_len_dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data_dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">mut_array_refs!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Set the initialized flag</span>\n is_initialized_dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> is_initialized <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Store the core data length and serialized content</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> keyval_store_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> btree_storage<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> data_len <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> keyval_store_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> data_len <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BTREE_STORAGE</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n data_len_dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">copy_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>data_len <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_le_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">sol_memcpy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>data_dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>keyval_store_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data_len<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">panic!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Unpacks the data from slice and return the initialized flag and data content</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">unpack_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> src <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">array_ref!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>is_initialized_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data_len_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">array_refs!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> is_initialized_src <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _ <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"unrecognized initialization flag \\"{:?}\\". in account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n is_initialized_src\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get current size of content in data area</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> data_len <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_le_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>data_len_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// If emptry, create a default</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> data_len <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> data_dser <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>data_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>data_len<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data_dser<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"usage\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#usage\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Usage</h3><p>Das Folgende fasst alles zusammen und zeigt, wie das Programm mit dem <code>ProgramAccountState</code> interagiert die das Initialisierungsflag sowie die zugrunde liegende <code>BTreeMap</code> für unsere Schlüssel/Wert-Paare kapselt.</p><p>Zuerst, wenn wir ein brandneues Konto initialisieren möchten:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">/// Initialize a new program account, which is the first in AccountInfo array</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">initialize_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Initialize account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> program_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Here we use unpack_unchecked as we have yet to initialize</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Had we tried to use unpack it would fail because, well, chicken and egg</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// We double check that we haven't already initialized this accounts data</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// more than once. If we are good, we set the initialized flag</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SampleError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">set_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Finally, we store back to the accounts space</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Jetzt können wir nach unseren anderen Anweisungen arbeiten, wie man ein neues Schlüssel-Wert-Paar prägt, das wir oben beim Senden von Anweisungen von einem Client demonstriert haben:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">/// Mint a key/pair to the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">mint_keypair_to_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Mint to account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> program_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Unpacking an uninitialized account state will fail</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Add the key value pair to the underlying BTreeMap</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Finally, serialize back to the accounts data</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"so-deserialisieren-sie-kontodaten-auf-dem-client\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#so-deserialisieren-sie-kontodaten-auf-dem-client\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> So deserialisieren Sie Kontodaten auf dem Client</h2><p>Kunden können Solana anrufen, um ein programmeigenes Konto abzurufen, in dem die serialisierten Datenblock ein Teil der Rückgabe sind. Die Deserialisierung erfordert die Kenntnis des Datenblocks Layout.</p><p>Das Layout der Kontodaten wurde <a href=\"#account-data-serialization\">hier</a> beschrieben</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> serialize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> deserialize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"borsh"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Buffer <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"buffer"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n AccountMeta<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Flexible class that takes properties and imbues them</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// to the object instance</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Assignable</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">constructor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Object<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">keys</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccoundData</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">extends</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Assignable</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> dataSchema <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n AccoundData<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n kind<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"struct"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fields<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"initialized"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"u8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"tree_length"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"u32"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"map"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> kind<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"map"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> key<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"string"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"string"</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * Fetch program account data\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> connection - Solana RPC connection\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> account - Public key for account whose data we want\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Promise<AccoundData><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> - Keypair\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">getAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">Promise</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span>AccoundData<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> nameAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getAccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"processed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token function\">deserializeUnchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>dataSchema<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> AccoundData<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> nameAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> borsh_construct <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> CStruct<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> U8<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> U32<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> HashMap<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> String\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>rpc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>commitment <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Confirmed\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Pubkey\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>rpc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>api <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Client\n\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Schema to deserialize program's account data</span>\naccount_schema <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> CStruct<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"initialized"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> U8<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"map_length"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> U32<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"map"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> HashMap<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>String<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> String<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token function\">get_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>client<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> account_pk<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n <span class=\"token triple-quoted-string string\">"""Fetch account information from RPC, parse out the data and deserialize"""</span>\n res <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>get_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_pk<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> encoding<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token string\">'base64'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> account_schema<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>parse<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>res<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Results in or similar</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># => Container:</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># => initialized = 1</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># => map_length = 109</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># => map = {'Happy': 'New Year!', 'newKey': 'A new value',</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># => 'python key': 'python value', 'ts key': 'ts first value'}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">arrayref<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">collections<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">unpack_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> src <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">array_ref!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>is_initialized_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data_len_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">array_refs!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> is_initialized_src <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _ <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"unrecognized initialization flag \\"{:?}\\". in account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n is_initialized_src\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get current size of content in data area</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> data_len <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_le_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>data_len_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// If emptry, create a default</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> data_len <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> data_dser <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>data_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>data_len<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data_dser<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"common-solana-ts-js-mappings\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#common-solana-ts-js-mappings\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Common Solana TS/JS Mappings</h2><p>Die <a href=\"#Ressourcen\">Borsh Specification</a> enthält die meisten Zuordnungen für primitive und zusammengesetzte Datentypen.</p><p>Der Schlüssel zu TS/JS und Python ist das Erstellen eines Borsh-Schemas mit einer richtigen Definition, also der Serialisierung und deserialisieren können die entsprechenden Eingaben generieren oder ausführen.</p><p>Hier demonstrieren wir die Serialisierung von Primitiven (Zahlen, Zeichenfolgen) und zusammengesetzten Typen (Array mit fester Größe, Map). zuerst in Typescript, dann in Python und dann äquivalente Deserialisierung auf der Rust-Seite:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token hashbang comment\">#!/usr/bin/env node</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> serialize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> deserialize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"borsh"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Buffer <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"buffer"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> expect <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"chai"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Struct <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * Primitive extends the Struct type from Solana Library\n * for convenience of dynamic property setting\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@extends</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Struct<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> Solana JS Struct class\n */</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Primitive</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">extends</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Struct</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">constructor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">super</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * Entry point for script *\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">entry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Emulate BTreeMap</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> map <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n map<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">set</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"cookbook"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"recipe"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n map<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">set</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"recipe"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"ingredient"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup a Primitive for all basic and a few</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// compound types</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> value <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Primitive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">U8</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">255</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">U16</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">65535</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">U32</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">4294967295</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">FIXED_STRING_ARRAY</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"hello"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"world"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">FIXED_U8_ARRAY</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MAP_STRING_STRING</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> map<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Define our schema</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> schema <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n Primitive<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n kind<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"struct"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fields<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"U8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"u8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"U16"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"u16"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"U32"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"u32"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"string"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"u8"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> kind<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"map"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> key<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"string"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"string"</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Value = "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize then deserialize</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> dser <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>schema<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>dser<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> newValue <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">deserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>schema<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Primitive<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> dser<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Viola!</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"New value = "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> newValue<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Fixed string array = "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> newValue<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Fixed u8 array = "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> newValue<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Map = "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> newValue<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">entry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> borsh_construct <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> U8<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> U16<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> U32<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> String<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> HashMap\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Schema to deserialize various types</span>\nprimitive_schema <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> CStruct<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"U8"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> U8<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"U16"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> U16<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"U32"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> U32<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> String<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> U8<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> HashMap<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>String<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> String<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token function\">common</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n mapping <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token string\">"cookbook"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"recipe"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"recipe"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"ingredient"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\"># Serialize</span>\n dser <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> primitive_schema<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>build<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">'U8'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">255</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">'U16'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">65535</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">'U32'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">4294967295</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">'hello'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'world'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> mapping<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>dser<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => b'\\xff\\xff\\xff\\xff\\xff\\xff\\xff\\x05\\x00\\x00\\x00hello\\x05\\x00\\x00\\x00world\\x01\\x02\\x03\\x04\\x05\\x02\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x08\\x00\\x00\\x00cookbook\\x06\\x00\\x00\\x00recipe\\x06\\x00\\x00\\x00recipe\\n\\x00\\x00\\x00ingredient'</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># Deserialize</span>\n new_value <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> primitive_schema<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>parse<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>dser<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># Viola</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>new_value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => Container:</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => U8 = 255</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => U16 = 65535</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => U32 = 4294967295</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => FIXED_STRING_ARRAY = ListContainer:</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => hello</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => world</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => FIXED_U8_ARRAY = ListContainer:</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => 1</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => 2</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => 3</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => 4</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => 5</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\"># => MAP_STRING_STRING = {'cookbook': 'recipe', 'recipe': 'ingredient'}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[cfg(test)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">mod</span> <span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\">tests</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>collections<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[test]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">primitives</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> prim <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">255u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">255</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">255</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">255</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">255</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">255</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">255</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">104</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">101</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">108</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">108</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">111</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">119</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">111</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">114</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">108</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">100</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">99</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">111</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">111</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">107</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">98</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">111</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">111</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">107</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">114</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">101</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">99</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">105</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">112</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">101</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">114</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">101</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">99</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">105</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">112</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">101</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">105</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">110</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">103</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">114</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">101</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">100</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">105</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">101</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">110</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">116</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug)]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">Primitive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> x <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Primitive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>prim<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"{:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"fortgeschrittene-konstrukte\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#fortgeschrittene-konstrukte\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Fortgeschrittene Konstrukte</h2><p>In den vorherigen Beispielen haben wir gezeigt, wie Sie einfache Payloads erstellen. Manchmal wirft Solana mit bestimmten Typen einen Fastball. Dieser Abschnitt wird demonstrieren richtige Zuordnungen zwischen TS/JS und Rust zu handhaben.</p><h3 id=\"coption\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#coption\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> COption</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token hashbang comment\">#!/usr/bin/env node</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> serialize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> deserialize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"borsh"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Buffer <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"buffer"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Struct <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * COption is meant to mirror the\n * `solana_program::options::COption`\n *\n * This type stores a u32 flag (0 | 1) indicating\n * the presence or not of a underlying PublicKey\n *\n * Similar to a Rust Option\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@extends</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Struct<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> Solana JS Struct class\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@implements</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>encode<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">COption</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">extends</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Struct</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">constructor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">super</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * Creates a COption from a PublicKey\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>PublicKey?<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> akey\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@returns</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>COption<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> COption\n */</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">static</span> <span class=\"token function\">fromPublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>akey<span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> COption <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>akey <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">COption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n noneOrSome<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubKeyBuffer<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Uint8Array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">COption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n noneOrSome<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubKeyBuffer<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> akey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@returns</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> Serialized COption (this)\n */</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * Safe deserializes a borsh serialized buffer to a COption\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> data - Buffer containing borsh serialized data\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@returns</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>COption<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> COption object\n */</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">static</span> <span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> COption <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token function\">deserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * Unsafe deserializes a borsh serialized buffer to a COption\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> data - Buffer containing borsh serialized data\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@returns</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>COption<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> COption object\n */</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">static</span> <span class=\"token function\">decodeUnchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> COption <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token function\">deserializeUnchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * Defines the layout of the COption object\n * for serializing/deserializing\n * <span class=\"token keyword\">@type</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Map<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">COPTIONSCHEMA</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n COption<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n kind<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"struct"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n fields<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"noneOrSome"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"u32"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"pubKeyBuffer"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**\n * Entry point for script *\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">entry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>indata<span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// If we get a PublicKey</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>indata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Construct COption instance</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> coption <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> COption<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromPublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>indata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Testing COption with "</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> indata<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize it</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> copt_ser <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> coption<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"copt_ser "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> copt_ser<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Deserialize it</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tdone <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> COption<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>copt_ser<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tdone<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Validate contains PublicKey</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tdone<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"noneOrSome"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"pubkey: "</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tdone<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"pubKeyBuffer"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n Output:\n Testing COption with A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU\n copt_ser Buffer(36) [1, 0, 0, 0, 135, 202, 71, 214, 68, 105, 98, 176, 211, 130, 105, 2, 55, 187, 86, 186, 109, 176, 80, 208, 77, 100, 221, 101, 20, 203, 149, 166, 96, 171, 119, 35, buffer: ArrayBuffer(8192), byteLength: 36, byteOffset: 1064, length: 36]\n COption {noneOrSome: 1, pubKeyBuffer: Uint8Array(32)}\n pubkey: A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU\n */</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Testing COption with null"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Construct COption instance</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> coption <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> COption<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromPublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize it</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> copt_ser <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> coption<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">encode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>copt_ser<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Deserialize it</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tdone1 <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> COption<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>copt_ser<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tdone1<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Validate does NOT contains PublicKey</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tdone1<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"noneOrSome"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">throw</span> <span class=\"token function\">Error</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Expected no public key"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"pubkey: null"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n Output:\n Testing COption with null\n Buffer(36)[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, buffer: ArrayBuffer(8192), byteLength: 36, byteOffset: 2272, length: 36]\n COption { noneOrSome: 0, pubKeyBuffer: Uint8Array(32) }\n pubkey: null\n */</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Test with PublicKey</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">entry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">""</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Test without PublicKey</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">entry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">104</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">105</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">106</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">107</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">108</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">109</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">110</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">111</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">112</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">113</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">114</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">115</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">116</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">117</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">118</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">119</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">120</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">121</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">122</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">123</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">124</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">125</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">126</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">127</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">128</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">129</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">130</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">131</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">132</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">133</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">134</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">135</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">136</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">137</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">138</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[cfg(test)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">mod</span> <span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\">tests</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">arrayref<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>array_ref<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> array_refs<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">program_option<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">COption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Emulate how COption is 'unpacked'</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">deser_option</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">COption</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Map the data block</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> ain <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">array_ref!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">36</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>base<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">array_refs!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ain<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get the SOME or NONE u32</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> nos <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_le_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>base<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Construct the COption accordingly</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> opt<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">COption</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> nos <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">COption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">None</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">COption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_from_array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n opt\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[test]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">btest</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// From Typescript with borsh'ing</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> copt <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">71</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">214</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">105</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">98</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">211</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">130</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">105</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">55</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">187</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">86</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">208</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">77</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">100</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">221</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">101</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">203</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">166</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">96</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">171</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">119</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Emulate COption deserialization</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> coption <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">deser_option</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>copt<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> coption<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"{:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> coption<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">expect</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Uh-oh"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// As a Borsh Struct</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug)]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">TOption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> toption <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TOption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>copt<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_from_array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>toption<span class=\"token number\">.1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Some = {:?} Pubkey = {:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> toption<span class=\"token number\">.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"ressourcen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#ressourcen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Ressourcen</h2><ul><li><a href=\"https://borsh.io/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Borsh Specification<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/near/borsh-rs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rust Borsh<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/near/borsh-js\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TS/JS Borsh<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/near/borsh-construct-py\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Python Borsh<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://near.github.io/borsh-construct-py/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Python Borsh Documentation<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solana CLI Program Template2<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" 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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#fakten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Fakten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Fakten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#szenario\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Szenario\"><!--[--><!--]--> Szenario <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#feature-status\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Feature Status\"><!--[--><!--]--> Feature Status <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#paritatstest\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Paritätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Paritätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#einfache-vorfuhrung\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Einfache Vorführung\"><!--[--><!--]--> Einfache Vorführung <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#alle-funktionen-aktiviert\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Alle Funktionen aktiviert\"><!--[--><!--]--> Alle Funktionen aktiviert <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" 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href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#ressourcen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Ressourcen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Ressourcen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"funktionsparitatstest\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#funktionsparitatstest\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Funktionsparitätstest</h1><p>Beim Testen Ihres Programms ist die Zusicherung erwartete Ergebnisse zu produzieren als auch in verschiedenen Clustern gleich ausgeführt wird, sowohl für die Qualität als auch für die Sicherheit von entscheidender Bedeutung.</p><h2 id=\"fakten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#fakten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Fakten</h2><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>Funktionen sind Funktionen, die in Solana-Validatoren eingeführt werden und für deren Verwendung eine Aktivierung erforderlich ist.</li><li>Funktionen können in einem Cluster (z. B. Testnet) aktiviert werden, in einem anderen (z. B. Mainnet-Beta) jedoch nicht.</li><li>Jedoch; Wenn Sie standardmäßig <code>solana-test-validator</code> lokal ausführen, werden alle verfügbaren Funktionen in Ihrer Die Solana-Version wird automatisch aktiviert. Das Ergebnis ist, dass beim Testen vor Ort die Fähigkeiten und Ergebnisse von Ihre Tests sind möglicherweise nicht die gleichen, wenn Sie sie in einem anderen Cluster bereitstellen und ausführen!</li></ul></div><h2 id=\"szenario\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#szenario\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Szenario</h2><p>Angenommen, Sie haben eine Transaktion, die drei (3) Anweisungen enthält, und jede Anweisung verbraucht ungefähr 100_000 Recheneinheiten (CU). Wenn Sie eine Solana 1.8.x-Version ausführen, würden Sie Ihren Befehls-CU-Verbrauch ähnlich wie folgt beobachten:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruction</th><th>Starting CU</th><th>Execution</th><th>Remaining CU</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr></tbody></table><p>In Solana 1.9.2 wurde eine Funktion namens „transaktionsweite Rechenobergrenze“ eingeführt, bei der eine Transaktion standardmäßig ein Budget von 200_000 CU hat und die Anweisungen <strong><em>draw down</em></strong> aus diesem Transaktionsbudget gekapselten sind. Die selbe Transaktion, wie oben erwähnt laufen zu lassen, würde ein ganz anderes Verhalten haben:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruction</th><th>Starting CU</th><th>Execution</th><th>Remaining CU</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>100_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>FAIL!!!</td><td>FAIL!!!</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Huch! Wenn Sie sich dessen nicht bewusst wären, wären Sie wahrscheinlich frustriert, da sich Ihr Unterrichtsverhalten dadurch nicht geändert hat. Auf devnet hat es gut funktioniert, aber lokal hat es nicht funktioniert?!?</p><p>Es besteht die Möglichkeit, das gesamte Transaktionsbudget zu erhöhen, sagen wir auf 300_000 CU, und Ihre geistige Gesundheit zu retten. Dies zeigt jedoch, warum das Testen mit <strong><em>Feature Parity</em></strong> eine proaktive Möglichkeit bietet, Verwirrung zu vermeiden.</p><h2 id=\"feature-status\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#feature-status\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Feature Status</h2><p>Mit dem Befehl „solana feature status“ lässt sich recht einfach überprüfen, welche Funktionen für einen bestimmten Cluster aktiviert sind.</p><div class=\"language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-console\"><code>solana feature status -ud // Displays by feature status for devnet\nsolana feature status -ut // Displays for testnet\nsolana feature status -um // Displays for mainnet-beta\nsolana feature status -ul // Displays for local, requires running solana-test-validator\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br></div></div><p>Alternativ können Sie ein Tool wie <a href=\"#resources\">scfsd</a> verwenden, um den gesamten Funktionsstatus über Cluster hinweg zu beobachten was den hier gezeigten Teilbildschirm anzeigen würde und nicht erfordert, dass <code>solana-test-validator</code> läuft:</p><img src=\"/assets/scfsd.cc67ec33.png\" alt=\"Feature Status Heatmap\"><h2 id=\"paritatstest\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#paritatstest\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Paritätstest</h2><p>Wie oben erwähnt, aktiviert der <code>solana-test-validator</code> <strong>alle</strong> Features automatisch. Wie wird die Frage "Wie kann ich lokal in einer Umgebung testen, die Parität mit devnet hat, Testnet oder sogar Mainnet-Beta?" also beantwortet?</p><p>Lösung: PRs wurden zu Solana 1.9.6 hinzugefügt, um die Deaktivierung von Funktionen zu ermöglichen:</p><div class=\"language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-console\"><code>solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY> ...\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><h2 id=\"einfache-vorfuhrung\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#einfache-vorfuhrung\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Einfache Vorführung</h2><p>Angenommen, Sie haben ein einfaches Programm, das die empfangenen Daten an seinem Einstiegspunkt protokolliert. Und du testest eine Transaktion, die zwei (2) Anweisungen für Ihr Programm hinzufügt.</p><h3 id=\"alle-funktionen-aktiviert\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#alle-funktionen-aktiviert\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Alle Funktionen aktiviert</h3><ol><li>Sie starten den Test Validator in einem Terminal:</li></ol><div class=\"language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-console\"><code>solana config set -ul\nsolana-test-validator -l ./ledger --bpf-program ADDRESS target/deploy/PROGNAME.so --reset`\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><ol start=\"2\"><li>In einem anderen Terminal starten Sie den Log-Streamer:</li></ol><div class=\"language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-console\"><code>solana logs\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><ol start=\"3\"><li>Anschließend führen Sie Ihre Transaktion aus. Sie werden etwas Ähnliches im Protokollterminal sehen (aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit bearbeitet):</li></ol><div class=\"language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-console\"><code>Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]\nProgram log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]\nProgram PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units\nProgram PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success\nProgram PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]\nProgram log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[1]\nProgram PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 187157 compute units\nProgram PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success[\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><p>Da unser Feature „transaktionsweites Compute Cap“ standardmäßig automatisch aktiviert ist, beachten wir das jeweils Anweisung, die CU aus dem anfänglichen Transaktionsbudget von 200_000 CU abzieht.</p><h3 id=\"selektive-funktionen-deaktiviert\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#selektive-funktionen-deaktiviert\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Selektive Funktionen deaktiviert</h3><ol><li>Für diesen Lauf wollen wir so laufen, dass das CU-Budgetverhalten mit dem übereinstimmt, was in devnet läuft. Verwenden die in <a href=\"#feature-status\">Funktionsstatus</a> beschriebenen Tools isolieren wir den öffentlichen Schlüssel „transaktionsweite Compute-Obergrenze“. und verwenden Sie das <code>--deactivate-feature</code> beim Start des Testvalidators</li></ol><div class=\"language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-console\"><code>solana-test-validator -l ./ledger --deactivate-feature 5ekBxc8itEnPv4NzGJtr8BVVQLNMQuLMNQQj7pHoLNZ9 --bpf-program target/deploy/PROGNAME.so --reset`\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><ol start=\"2\"><li>Wir sehen jetzt in unseren Protokollen, dass unsere Anweisungen jetzt ein eigenes Budget von 200_000 CU haben (aus Gründen der Klarheit bearbeitet). derzeit der Zustand in allen Upstream-Clustern:</li></ol><div class=\"language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-console\"><code>Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]\nProgram log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]\nProgram PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units\nProgram PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success\nProgram PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]\nProgram log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]\nProgram PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units\nProgram PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><h2 id=\"vollstandiger-paritatstest\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#vollstandiger-paritatstest\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Vollständiger Paritätstest</h2><p>Sie können mit einem bestimmten Cluster in voller Parität sein, indem Sie jedes Feature identifizieren, das dies nicht ist noch aktiviert und fügen Sie jeweils ein <code>--deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY></code> hinzu, wenn Sie <code>solana-test-validator</code> aufrufen:</p><div class=\"language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-console\"><code>solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature PUBKEY_1 --deactivate-feature PUBKEY_2 ...\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p>Alternativ stellt <a href=\"#Ressourcen\">scfsd</a> einen Befehlsschalter zur Verfügung, um das vollständig deaktivierte Feature auszugeben Set für einen Cluster, der direkt in den Start von "solana-test-validator" eingespeist wird:</p><div class=\"language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-console\"><code>solana-test-validator -l ./.ledger $(scfsd -c devnet -k -t)\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p>Wenn Sie ein anderes Terminal öffnen, während der Validator läuft, und "solana feature status" sehen Sie deaktivierte Features, die im devnet deaktiviert gefunden wurden</p><h2 id=\"vollstandiger-paritatstest-programmgesteuert\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#vollstandiger-paritatstest-programmgesteuert\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Vollständiger Paritätstest programmgesteuert</h2><p>Für diejenigen, die die Ausführung des Testvalidators in ihrem Testcode kontrollieren, Modifizieren Die aktivierten/deaktivierten Funktionen des Testvalidators sind mit TestValidatorGenesis möglich. Mit Solana 1.9.6 wurde dem Validator Builder eine Funktion hinzugefügt, um dies zu unterstützen.</p><p>Erstellen Sie im Stammverzeichnis Ihres Programmordners einen neuen Ordner mit dem Namen „tests“ und fügen Sie eine Datei „parity_test.rs“ hinzu Datei. Hier sind die Kesselplatzfunktionen (Kesselplatte, wenn Sie so wollen), die von jedem Test verwendet werden</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Test Boiler Plate</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[cfg(test)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">mod</span> <span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\">tests</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">path<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">PathBuf</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">FromStr</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Use gadget-scfs to get interegate feature lists from clusters</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// must have `gadgets-scfs = "0.2.0" in Cargo.toml [dev-dependencies] to use</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">gadgets_scfs<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ScfsCriteria</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ScfsMatrix</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SCFS_DEVNET</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">message<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Message</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Added in Solana 1.9.2</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">compute_budget<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Extended in Solana 1.9.6</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_test_validator<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">TestValidator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Location/Name of ProgramTestGenesis ledger</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"./.ledger"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Path to BPF program (*.so) change if needed</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PROG_PATH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"target/deploy/"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Program name from program Cargo.toml</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// FILL IN WITH YOUR PROGRAM_NAME</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PROG_NAME</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"PROGRAM_NAME"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Program public key</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// FILL IN WITH YOUR PROGRAM'S PUBLIC KEY str</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">pubkey!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"PROGRAMS_PUBLIC_KEY_BASE58_STRING"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// 'transaction wide compute cap' public key</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TXWIDE_LIMITS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">pubkey!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"5ekBxc8itEnPv4NzGJtr8BVVQLNMQuLMNQQj7pHoLNZ9"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Setup the test validator passing features</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// you want to deactivate before running transactions</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">setup_validator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n invalidate_features<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">TestValidator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Extend environment variable to include our program location</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>env<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">set_var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"BPF_OUT_DIR"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PROG_PATH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Instantiate the test validator</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> test_validator <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Once instantiated, TestValidatorGenesis configuration functions follow</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// a builder pattern enabling chaining of settings function calls</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>test_validator<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> kp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> test_validator\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Set the ledger path and name</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// maps to `solana-test-validator --ledger <DIR>`</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ledger_path</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Load our program. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// maps to `solana-test-validator --bpf-program <ADDRESS_OR_PATH BPF_PROGRAM.SO>`</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add_program</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_NAME</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Identify features to deactivate. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// maps to `solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY>`</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">deactivate_features</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>invalidate_features<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Start the test validator</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">start</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>test_validator<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> kp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Convenience function to remove existing ledger before TestValidatorGenesis setup</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// maps to `solana-test-validator ... --reset`</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n invalidate_features<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">TestValidator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PathBuf</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">exists</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>fs<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">remove_dir_all</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">setup_validator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>invalidate_features<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Submits a transaction with programs instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Boiler plate</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">submit_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instructions<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Signature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_unsigned</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Message</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instructions<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rpc_client\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_sign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token macro property\">vec!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rpc_client\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// UNIT TEST FOLLOWS</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">/// Setup the test validator passing features</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// you want to deactivate before running transactions</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">setup_validator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n invalidate_features<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">TestValidator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Extend environment variable to include our program location</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>env<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">set_var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"BPF_OUT_DIR"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PROG_PATH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Instantiate the test validator</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> test_validator <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Once instantiated, TestValidatorGenesis configuration functions follow</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// a builder pattern enabling chaining of settings function calls</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>test_validator<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> kp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> test_validator\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Set the ledger path and name</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// maps to `solana-test-validator --ledger <DIR>`</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ledger_path</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Load our program. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// maps to `solana-test-validator --bpf-program <ADDRESS_OR_PATH BPF_PROGRAM.SO>`</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add_program</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_NAME</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Identify features to deactivate. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// maps to `solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY>`</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">deactivate_features</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>invalidate_features<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Start the test validator</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">start</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>test_validator<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> kp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Convenience function to remove existing ledger before TestValidatorGenesis setup</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// maps to `solana-test-validator ... --reset`</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n invalidate_features<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">TestValidator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PathBuf</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">exists</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>fs<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">remove_dir_all</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">setup_validator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>invalidate_features<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Submits a transaction with programs instruction</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Boiler plate</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">submit_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instructions<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Signature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Box</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">dyn</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_unsigned</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Message</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instructions<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rpc_client\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_sign</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token macro property\">vec!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>wallet_signer<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rpc_client\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>err<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">format!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Wir können jetzt Testfunktionen in den Hauptteil von <code>mod test {...}</code> einfügen, um die Standardeinstellung zu demonstrieren Validator-Setup (alle Funktionen aktiviert) und dann die „transaktionsweite Compute-Obergrenze“ deaktivieren wie in den vorherigen Beispielen, die <code>solana-test-validator</code> von der Befehlszeile aus ausführen.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">All Features Test</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Disable Tx CU Test</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[test]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">test_base_pass</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Run with all features activated (default for TestValidatorGenesis)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> inv_feat <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">vec!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Start validator with clean (new) ledger</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>test_validator<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> main_payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>inv_feat<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get the RpcClient</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> test_validator<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_rpc_client</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Capture our programs log statements</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_logger<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">setup_with_default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// This example doesn't require sending any accounts to program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Build instruction array and submit transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txn <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">submit_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>main_payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction to demonstrate</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// that each instruction CU draws down from default Transaction CU (200_000)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_borsh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token number\">0u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_borsh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token number\">1u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">assert!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>txn<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[test]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">test_deactivate_tx_cu_pass</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Run with all features activated except 'transaction wide compute cap'</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> inv_feat <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">vec!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token constant\">TXWIDE_LIMITS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Start validator with clean (new) ledger</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>test_validator<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> main_payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>inv_feat<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get the RpcClient</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> test_validator<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_rpc_client</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Capture our programs log statements</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_logger<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">setup_with_default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// This example doesn't require sending any accounts to program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Build instruction array and submit transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txn <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">submit_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>main_payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// This instruction adds CU to transaction budget (1.9.2) but does nothing</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// when we deactivate the 'transaction wide compute cap' feature</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">request_units</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">400_000u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// You will see that each instruction has the 1.8.x 200_000 CU per budget</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_borsh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token number\">0u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_borsh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token number\">1u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">assert!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>txn<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Alternativ kann das <a href=\"#Ressourcen\">scfs engine gadget</a> einen vollständig deaktivierten Vektor von Funktionen für einen Cluster erzeugen. Im Folgenden wird die Verwendung dieser Engine zum Abrufen einer Liste aller deaktivierten Features für devnet veranschaulicht.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Devnet Parity</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[test]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">test_devnet_parity_pass</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Use gadget-scfs to get all deactivated features from devnet</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// must have `gadgets-scfs = "0.2.0" in Cargo.toml to use</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Here we setup for a run that samples features only</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// from devnet</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> my_matrix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ScfsMatrix</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ScfsCriteria</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusters<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token macro property\">vec!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token constant\">SCFS_DEVNET</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Run the sampler matrix</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">assert!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>my_matrix<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">run</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get all deactivated features</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> deactivated <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> my_matrix\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_features</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ScfsMatrix</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>any_inactive<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Confirm we have them</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">assert_ne!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>deactivated<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup test validator and logging while deactivating all</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// features that are deactivated in devnet</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>test_validator<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> main_payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>deactivated<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> test_validator<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_rpc_client</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_logger<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">setup_with_default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> txn <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">submit_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>main_payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_borsh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token number\">0u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_borsh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PROG_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token number\">1u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">assert!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>txn<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Fröhliches testen!</p><h2 id=\"ressourcen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#ressourcen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Ressourcen</h2><p><a href=\"https://github.com/FrankC01/solana-gadgets/tree/main/rust/scfsd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scfsd<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href=\"https://github.com/FrankC01/solana-gadgets/tree/main/rust/gadgets-scfs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gadget-scfs<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></p><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 93952610+0xNyk@users.noreply.github.com\">nyk</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n </body>\n</html>\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":86,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de/guides/data-migration.html"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"de-DE\">\n <head>\n 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class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html#wie-konnen-sie-die-datenkonten-eines-programms-migrieren\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Wie können Sie die Datenkonten eines Programms migrieren?\"><!--[--><!--]--> Wie können Sie die Datenkonten eines Programms migrieren? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html#szenario\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Szenario\"><!--[--><!--]--> Szenario <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html#upgrade-des-kontos\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Upgrade des Kontos\"><!--[--><!--]--> Upgrade des Kontos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html#_1-kontoumwandlungslogik-hinzufugen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"1. Kontoumwandlungslogik hinzufügen\"><!--[--><!--]--> 1. Kontoumwandlungslogik hinzufügen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html#resources\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Resources\"><!--[--><!--]--> Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"migrieren-eines-programmdatenkontos\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#migrieren-eines-programmdatenkontos\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Migrieren eines Programmdatenkontos</h1><h2 id=\"wie-konnen-sie-die-datenkonten-eines-programms-migrieren\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-konnen-sie-die-datenkonten-eines-programms-migrieren\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie können Sie die Datenkonten eines Programms migrieren?</h2><p>Wenn Sie ein Programm erstellen, wird jedes damit vrknüpfte Datenkonto eine spezifische Struktur haben. Wenn Sie jemals ein Programm abgeleitetes Konto aktualisieren möchten, haben Sie am Ende eine Menge von übrig gebliebenen programmabgeleiteten Konten mit der alten Struktur.</p><p>Mit der Kontoversionierung können Sie Ihre alten Konten auf upgraden die neue Struktur.</p><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">Note</p><p>Dies ist nur eine von vielen Möglichkeiten, Daten in Program Owned Accounts (POA) zu migrieren.</p></div><h2 id=\"szenario\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#szenario\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Szenario</h2><p>Um unsere Kontodaten zu versionieren und zu migrieren, stellen wir für jedes Konto (Account) jeweils eine <strong>ID</strong> bereit. Diese ID ermöglicht es uns, die Kontoversion dann zu identifizieren wenn wir es an das Programm übergeben und behandeln das Konto somit als korrekt.</p><p>Nehmen Sie den folgenden Kontostand und das folgende Programm:</p><img src=\"/assets/pav1.1b0417ca.png\" alt=\"Program Account v1\"><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Account</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Instruction</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Processor</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">arrayref<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>array_ref<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> array_refs<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_pack<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IsInitialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Sealed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">io<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">BufWriter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mem<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Currently using state. If version changes occur, this</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// should be copied to another serializable backlevel one</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// before adding new fields here</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> somevalue<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Maintains account data</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data_version<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Signal initialized</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">set_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Get the initialized flag</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Gets the current data version</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">version</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data_version\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Get the reference to content structure</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">content</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Get the mutable reference to content structure</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">content_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Declaration of the current data version.</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Account allocated size</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1024</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Initialized flag is 1st byte of data block</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Data version (current) is 2nd byte of data block</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Previous content data size (before changing this is equal to current)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">mem<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">size_of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Total space occupied by previous account data</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Current content data size</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">mem<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">size_of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Total usage for data only</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// How much of 1024 is used</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Current space used by header (initialized, data version and Content)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Future data migration logic that converts prior state of data</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// to current state of data</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">conversion_logic</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> past <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">array_ref!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _account_space<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">array_refs!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n past<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Logic to uplift from previous version</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// GOES HERE</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Give back</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data_version<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Sealed</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">IsInitialized</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">is_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pack</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">pack_into_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> bw <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BufWriter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> bw<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">unpack_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check initialized</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> initialized <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Version check</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Processing consistent data"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token macro property\">array_ref!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Processing backlevel data"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">conversion_logic</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Processing pre-initialized data"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data_version<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">104</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">105</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">106</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">107</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">108</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">109</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">110</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">111</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">112</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">113</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">114</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">115</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">116</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">117</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">118</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">119</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">120</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">121</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">122</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">123</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">124</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">125</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">126</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">127</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">128</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">129</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">130</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">131</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">132</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">133</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">134</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">135</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">136</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">137</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> somevalue<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data_version<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">//! instruction Contains the main ProgramInstruction enum</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">crate</span><span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// All custom program instructions</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">enum</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">InitializeAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">SetU64Value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">FailInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>input<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payload <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>input<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> payload <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InitializeAccount</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SetU64Value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _ <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>input<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payload <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>input<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> payload <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InitializeAccount</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SetU64Value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _ <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">//! Resolve instruction and execute</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">crate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_pack<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IsInitialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Checks each tracking account to confirm it is owned by our program</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// This function assumes that the program account is always the last</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// in the array</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">check_account_ownership</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> account <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">take</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> program_id <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">initialize_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Initialize account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> program_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// fail if not</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">set_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">content_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>somevalue <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Account Initialized"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">set_u64_value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Set new value {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> program_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">content_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>somevalue <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// instruction handlers</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Received process request"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check the account for program relationship</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">check_account_ownership</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> instruction <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InitializeAccount</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token function\">initialize_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SetU64Value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token function\">set_u64_value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _ <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">check_account_ownership</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> account <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">take</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> program_id <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">initialize_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Initialize account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> program_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// fail if not</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">set_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">content_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>somevalue <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Account Initialized"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">set_u64_value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Set new value {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> program_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">content_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>somevalue <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// instruction handlers</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Received process request"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check the account for program relationship</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">check_account_ownership</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> instruction <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InitializeAccount</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token function\">initialize_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SetU64Value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token function\">set_u64_value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _ <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>In unserer ersten Version eines Kontos gehen wir wie folgt vor:</p><table><thead><tr><th>ID</th><th>Aktion</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>Fügen Sie ein Feld „Datenversion“ in Ihre Daten ein. Es kann eine einfache inkrementierende Ordnungszahl (z. B. u8) oder etwas Ausgefeilteres sein</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Ausreichend Speicherplatz für das Datenwachstum zuweisen</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Initialisieren einer Reihe von Konstanten, die über Programmversionen hinweg verwendet werden sollen</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>Fügen Sie eine Kontoaktualisierungsfunktion unter „fn conversion_logic“ für zukünftige Upgrades hinzu</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Angenommen, wir möchten die Konten unseres Programms jetzt um das erforderliche Feld, das <code>somestring</code>-Feld, aktualisieren.</p><p>Wenn wir dem vorherigen Konto keinen zusätzlichen Speicherplatz zugewiesen haben, könnten wir das tun aktualisieren Sie das Konto nicht und stecken Sie fest.</p><h2 id=\"upgrade-des-kontos\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#upgrade-des-kontos\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Upgrade des Kontos</h2><p>In unserem neuen Programm wollen wir eine neue Eigenschaft für den Inhaltszustand hinzufügen. Die folgenden Änderungen zeigen, wie wir die ursprünglichen Programm Konstrukte genutzt haben, und wie sie jetzt zum Einsatz kommen.</p><h3 id=\"_1-kontoumwandlungslogik-hinzufugen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#_1-kontoumwandlungslogik-hinzufugen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> 1. Kontoumwandlungslogik hinzufügen</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Account</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">arrayref<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>array_ref<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> array_refs<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_pack<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IsInitialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Sealed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">io<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">BufWriter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mem<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Current state (DATA_VERSION 1). If version changes occur, this</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// should be copied to another (see AccountContentOld below)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// We've added a new field: 'somestring'</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> somevalue<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> somestring<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Old content state (DATA_VERSION 0).</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">AccountContentOld</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> somevalue<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Maintains account data</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data_version<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Signal initialized</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">set_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Get the initialized flag</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Gets the current data version</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">version</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data_version\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Get the reference to content structure</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">content</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Get the mutable reference to content structure</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">content_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Declaration of the current data version.</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Adding string to content</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Previous const DATA_VERSION: u8 = 0;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Account allocated size</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1024</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Initialized flag is 1st byte of data block</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Data version (current) is 2nd byte of data block</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Previous content data size (before changing this is equal to current)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">mem<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">size_of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentOld</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Total space occupied by previous account data</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Current content data size</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">mem<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">size_of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Total usage for data only</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// How much of 1024 is used</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Current space used by header (initialized, data version and Content)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token constant\">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Future data migration logic that converts prior state of data</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// to current state of data</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">conversion_logic</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> past <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">array_ref!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> account_space<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token macro property\">array_refs!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n past<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Logic to upgrade from previous version</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// GOES HERE</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> old <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentOld</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_space<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Default sets 'somevalue' to 0 and somestring to default ""</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> new_content <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// We copy the existing 'somevalue', the program instructions will read/update 'somestring' without fail</span>\n new_content<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>somevalue <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> old<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>somevalue<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Give back</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data_version<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> new_content<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Sealed</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">IsInitialized</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">is_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pack</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">pack_into_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> bw <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BufWriter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>dst<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> bw<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">unpack_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check initialized</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> initialized <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Version check</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Processing consistent version data"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Processing backlevel data"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">conversion_logic</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>src<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Processing pre-initialized data"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data_version<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DATA_VERSION</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">104</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">105</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">106</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">107</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">108</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">109</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">110</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">111</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">112</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">113</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">114</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">115</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">116</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">117</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">118</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">119</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">120</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">121</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">122</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">123</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">124</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">125</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">126</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">127</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">128</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">129</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">130</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">131</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">132</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">133</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">134</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">135</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">136</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">137</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">138</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">139</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">140</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">141</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">142</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">143</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">144</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">145</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">146</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">147</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">148</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">/// Current state (DATA_VERSION 1). If version changes occur, this</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// should be copied to another (see AccountContentOld below)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// We've added a new field: 'somestring'</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> somevalue<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> somestring<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Old content state (DATA_VERSION 0).</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">AccountContentOld</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> somevalue<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Maintains account data</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data_version<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><table><thead><tr><th>Linie(n)</th><th>Notiz</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>6</td><td>Wir haben Solanas <code>solana_program::borsh::try_from_slice_unchecked</code> hinzugefügt, um das Lesen von Teilmengen von Daten aus dem größeren Datenblock zu vereinfachen</td></tr><tr><td>13-26</td><td>Hier haben wir die alte Inhaltsstruktur, „AccountContentOld“, Zeile 24, beibehalten, bevor wir „AccountContentCurrent“ ab Zeile 17 erweitern.</td></tr><tr><td>60</td><td>Wir stoßen die <code>DATA_VERSION</code>-Konstante an</td></tr><tr><td>71</td><td>Wir haben jetzt eine "vorherige" Version und möchten ihre Größe wissen</td></tr><tr><td>86</td><td>Der Coup de grâce fügt die Installation hinzu, um den vorherigen Inhaltsstatus auf den neuen (aktuellen) Inhaltsstatus zu aktualisieren</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Wir aktualisieren dann unsere Anweisungen, um eine neue zum Aktualisieren von "somestring" hinzuzufügen, und einen Prozessor zum Handhaben der neuen Anweisung. Beachten Sie, dass das „Upgrade“ der Datenstruktur hinter „pack/unpack“ eingekapselt ist</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Instruction</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Processor</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">//! instruction Contains the main VersionProgramInstruction enum</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">crate</span><span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, PartialEq)]</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// All custom program instructions</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">enum</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">VersionProgramInstruction</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">InitializeAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">SetU64Value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">SetString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Added with data version change</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">FailInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">VersionProgramInstruction</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>input<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payload <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>input<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// let payload = VersionProgramInstruction::try_from_slice(input).unwrap();</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> payload <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InitializeAccount</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SetU64Value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SetString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Added with data version change</span>\n _ <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">//! Resolve instruction and execute</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">crate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_pack<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IsInitialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Checks each tracking account to confirm it is owned by our program</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// This function assumes that the program account is always the last</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// in the array</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">check_account_ownership</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> account <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">take</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> program_id <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">initialize_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Initialize account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> program_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// fail if not</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">set_initialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">content_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>somevalue <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Account Initialized"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">set_u64_value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Set new value {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> program_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">content_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>somevalue <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Sets the string in the content structure</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">set_string_value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Set new string {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> program_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">content_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>somestring <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Serialize</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramAccountState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// instruction handlers</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Received process request 0.2.0"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check the account for program relationship</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">check_account_ownership</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>error<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Attempting to unpack"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> instruction <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InitializeAccount</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token function\">initialize_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SetU64Value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token function\">set_u64_value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SetString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token function\">set_string_value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _ <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataVersionError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span 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class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Nach dem Erstellen und Senden einer Anweisung: <code>VersionProgramInstruction::SetString(String)</code> haben wir nun das folgende 'aktualisierte' Kontodatenlayout</p><img src=\"/assets/pav2.1ef612b4.png\" alt=\"Program Account v2\"><h2 id=\"resources\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#resources\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Resources</h2><ul><li><a href=\"https://borsh.io/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Borsh Spezifikation<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/master/sdk/program/src/borsh.rs#L67\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solana <code>try_from_slice_unchecked</code><span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/FrankC01/versioning-solana\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Referenz Implementierung<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 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class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#fakten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Fakten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Fakten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#laufzeittests-und-debugging-im-editor\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Laufzeittests und Debugging im Editor\"><!--[--><!--]--> Laufzeittests und Debugging im Editor <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#testen-des-lokalen-validator-knotens-im-editor\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Testen des lokalen Validator-Knotens im Editor\"><!--[--><!--]--> Testen des lokalen Validator-Knotens im Editor <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#testen-lokaler-validator-knoten-von-client-apps\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Testen lokaler Validator-Knoten von Client-Apps\"><!--[--><!--]--> Testen lokaler Validator-Knoten von Client-Apps <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#ressourcen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Ressourcen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Ressourcen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"debuggen-von-solana-programmen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#debuggen-von-solana-programmen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen</h1><p>Es gibt eine Reihe von Optionen und unterstützenden Tools zum Testen und Debuggen eines Solana-Programms.</p><h2 id=\"fakten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#fakten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Fakten</h2><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>Die Kiste <code>solana-program-test</code> ermöglicht die Verwendung von Bare Bones <strong><em>local runtime</em></strong>, wo Sie testen und debuggen können Ihr Programm interaktiv (z. B. in vscode).</li><li>Die Kiste „solana-validator“ ermöglicht die Verwendung der „solana-test-validator“-Implementierung für mehr robustere Tests, die auf einem <strong><em>local validator node</em></strong> stattfinden. Sie können den Editor ausführen <strong><em>aber Haltepunkte in der Programm werden ignoriert</em></strong>.</li><li>Das CLI-Tool <code>solana-test-validator</code> führt und lädt Ihr Programm und verarbeitet die Transaktionsausführung Befehlszeilen-Rust-Anwendungen oder Javascript-/Typescript-Anwendungen, die web3 verwenden.</li><li>Für alle oben genannten Punkte wird die großzügige Verwendung des <code>msg!</code>-Makros in Ihrem Programm zu Beginn und danach empfohlen. Entfernen Sie sie beim Testen und stellen Sie ein felsenfestes Verhalten sicher. Denken Sie daran, dass "msg!" Recheneinheiten verbraucht, die Ihr Programm schließlich scheitern lassen kann, indem Sie die Budgetobergrenzen für Compute Units erreichen.</li></ul></div><p>Die Schritte in den folgenden Abschnitten verwenden die <a href=\"#resources\">solana-program-bpf-template</a>. Klonen Sie das auf Ihre Maschine:</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">git</span> clone git@github.com:mvines/solana-bpf-program-template.git\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd</span> solana-bpf-program-template\ncode <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">.</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><h2 id=\"laufzeittests-und-debugging-im-editor\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#laufzeittests-und-debugging-im-editor\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Laufzeittests und Debugging im Editor</h2><p>Öffnen Sie die Datei <code>src/lib.rs</code></p><p>Sie werden sehen, dass das Programm ziemlich einfach ist und im Grunde nur die empfangenen Inhalte protokolliert die Programmeintrittspunktfunktion: <code>process_instruction</code></p><ol><li>Gehen Sie zum Abschnitt „#[cfg(test)]“ und klicken Sie auf „Tests ausführen“. Dadurch wird das Programm erstellt und dann Führen Sie den Test „async fn test_transaction()“ aus. Sie sehen die Protokollmeldungen (vereinfacht) im vscode-Terminal unten der Quelle.</li></ol><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>running <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">test</span>\n<span class=\"token string\">"bpf_program_template"</span> program loaded as native code\nProgram 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nProgram log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: <span class=\"token number\">1</span> accounts, <span class=\"token assign-left variable\">data</span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span>, <span class=\"token number\">2</span>, <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nProgram 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">test</span> test::test_transaction <span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>. ok\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">test</span> result: ok. <span class=\"token number\">1</span> passed<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> failed<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> ignored<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> measured<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> filtered out<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> finished <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> <span class=\"token number\">33</span>.41s\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br></div></div><ol start=\"2\"><li>Setzen Sie einen Haltepunkt in der Zeile „msg!“ des Programms (11)</li><li>Zurück im Testmodul klicken Sie auf „Debug“ und innerhalb von Sekunden stoppt der Debugger am Haltepunkt und können jetzt die Daten untersuchen, Funktionen schrittweise durchlaufen usw. usw.</li></ol><p>Diese Tests werden auch über die Befehlszeile ausgeführt mit: <code>cargo test</code> oder <code>cargo test-bpf</code>. Eventuelle Haltepunkte werden natürlich ignoriert.</p><p>Wie groovig kann man werden!</p><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">Note</p><p>Denken Sie daran, dass Sie keinen Validierungsknoten verwenden, sodass Standardprogramme, Blockhashes usw. nicht dargestellt werden oder sich nicht so verhalten, wie sie es tun würden, wenn im Validator-Knoten ausgeführt würden. Deshalb hat uns die Solana Gang Lokales-Node-Validierungs-testing gegeben.</p></div><h2 id=\"testen-des-lokalen-validator-knotens-im-editor\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#testen-des-lokalen-validator-knotens-im-editor\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Testen des lokalen Validator-Knotens im Editor</h2><p>Integrationstests mit programmgesteuertem Laden eines lokalen Validierungsknotens sind in definiert Datei „tests/integration.rs“.</p><p>Standardmäßig können die Vorlagenrepo-Integrationstests nur über die Befehlszeile mit <code>cargo test-bpf</code> ausgeführt werden. Mit den folgenden Schritten können Sie auch die Anzeige von Programm-Validator-Logs und <code>msg!</code>-Ausgaben Ihres Programms, innerhalb des Editors arbeiten:</p><ol><li>Führen Sie im Repo-Verzeichnis <code>cargo build-bpf</code> aus, um das Beispielprogramm zu erstellen</li><li>Öffnen Sie im Editor „tests/integration.rs“.</li><li>Zeile 1 auskommentieren -> <code>// #![cfg(feature = "test-bpf")]</code></li><li>Ändern Sie es in Zeile 19 wie folgt: <code>.add_program("target/deploy/bpf_program_template", program_id)</code></li><li>Fügen Sie in Zeile 22 Folgendes ein: <code>solana_logger::setup_with_default("solana_runtime::message=debug");</code></li><li>Klicken Sie über der Funktion „test_validator_transaction()“ auf „Test ausführen“.</li></ol><p>Dadurch wird der Validator-Knoten geladen und Sie können dann eine Transaktion erstellen (auf Rust-Weise) und unter Verwendung des <code>RcpClient</code> an den Knoten übermitteln.</p><p>Die Ausgabe des Programms wird auch im Editor-Terminal ausgedruckt. Zum Beispiel (vereinfacht):</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>running <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">test</span>\nWaiting <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> fees to stabilize <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>.\nWaiting <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> fees to stabilize <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>.\nProgram 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nProgram log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: <span class=\"token number\">1</span> accounts, <span class=\"token assign-left variable\">data</span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span>, <span class=\"token number\">2</span>, <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nProgram 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM consumed <span class=\"token number\">13027</span> of <span class=\"token number\">200000</span> compute <span class=\"token function\">units</span>\nProgram 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success\n\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">test</span> test_validator_transaction <span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>. ok\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">test</span> result: ok. <span class=\"token number\">1</span> passed<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> failed<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> ignored<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> measured<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> filtered out<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> finished <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span>.40s\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br></div></div><p>Das Debuggen hier ermöglicht es Ihnen, die im <strong><em>test body</em></strong> verwendeten Funktionen und Methoden zu debuggen, wird aber kein Haltepunkt in Ihrem Programm.</p><p>Die Knie der Biene, oder?</p><h2 id=\"testen-lokaler-validator-knoten-von-client-apps\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#testen-lokaler-validator-knoten-von-client-apps\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Testen lokaler Validator-Knoten von Client-Apps</h2><p>Schließlich können Sie einen lokalen Validierungsknoten starten und Ihr Programm und alle Konten mit dem <code>solana-test-validator</code> laden von der Kommandozeile.</p><p>Mit dieser Methode, wirst du eine client application oder Rust benutzen Bei diesem Ansatz benötigen Sie eine Client-Anwendung, die entweder in Rust <a href=\"#Ressourcen\">RcpClient</a> oder in <a href=\"#Ressourcen\">JavaScript or Typescript clients</a> verwendet wird.</p><p>Siehe <code>solana-test-validator --help</code> für weitere Details und Optionen. Für das Beispielprogramm hier ist Vanilla Setup:</p><ol><li>Öffnen Sie ein Terminal im Repo-Ordner</li><li>Führen Sie <code>solana config set -ul</code> aus, um die Konfiguration so einzustellen, dass sie auf lokal zeigt</li><li>Führen Sie „solana-test-validator --bpf-program target/deploy/bpf_program_template-keypair.json target/deploy/bpf_program_template.so“ aus</li><li>Öffnen Sie ein anderes Terminal und führen Sie „solana logs“ aus, um den Log-Streamer zu starten</li><li>Sie können dann Ihr Client-Programm ausführen und die Programmausgabe in dem Terminal beobachten, in dem Sie den Log-Streamer gestartet haben</li></ol><p>Nun, das ist der Schlafanzug der Katze YO!</p><h2 id=\"ressourcen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#ressourcen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Ressourcen</h2><p><a href=\"https://github.com/mvines/solana-bpf-program-template\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">solana-program-bpf-template<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" 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d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href=\"https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">JavaScript/Typescript Library<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span 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class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/id/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Bahasa Indonesia\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/kr/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"한국어\"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/tr/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Türkçe\"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/ja/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"日本語\"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Für Beginner <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Installation\"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html#ableitende-pdas\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Ableitende PDAs\"><!--[--><!--]--> Ableitende PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html#einzelnes-kartenkonto\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Einzelnes Kartenkonto\"><!--[--><!--]--> Einzelnes Kartenkonto <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"kontozuordnungen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#kontozuordnungen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Kontozuordnungen</h1><p>Zuordnungen (Maps) sind Datenstrukturen, die wir häufig beim Programmieren verwenden, um einen <strong>Schlüssel</strong> mit einem <strong>Wert</strong> irgendeiner Art zu verknüpfen. Der Schlüssel und der Wert können von jedem beliebigen Typ sein, und der Schlüssel dient als Kennung für einen bestimmten Wert, der gespeichert wird. Es ermöglicht uns dann, angesichts seines Schlüssels, diese Werte effizient einzufügen, abzurufen und zu aktualisieren.</p><p>Wie wir wissen, erfordert das Kontomodell von Solana, dass Programmdaten und ihre relevanten Zustandsdaten in verschiedenen Konten gespeichert werden. Diesen Konten ist eine Adresse zugeordnet. Dies dient an sich als Karte! Erfahren Sie [hier][AccountCookbook] mehr über den Kontomodus von Solana.</p><p>Es wäre also sinnvoll, Ihre <strong>Werte</strong> in separaten Konten zu speichern, wobei deren Adresse der <strong>Schlüssel</strong> ist, der zum Abrufen des Werts erforderlich ist. Aber das bringt ein paar Probleme mit sich, wie z.B.</p><ul><li><p>Die oben genannten Adressen sind höchstwahrscheinlich keine idealen <strong>Schlüssel</strong>, an die Sie sich erinnern und den erforderlichen Wert abrufen könnten.</p></li><li><p>Die oben erwähnten Adressen beziehen sich auf öffentliche Schlüssel verschiedener <strong>Schlüsselpaare</strong>, wobei jedem öffentlichen Schlüssel (oder <em>Adresse</em>) auch ein <strong>privater Schlüssel</strong> zugeordnet wäre. Dieser private Schlüssel müsste bei Bedarf verschiedene Anweisungen unterzeichnen, sodass wir den privaten Schlüssel irgendwo speichern müssen, was definitiv <strong>nicht</strong> empfohlen wird!</p></li></ul><p>Dies stellt ein Problem dar, mit dem viele Solana-Entwickler konfrontiert sind, nämlich das Implementieren einer "Map"-ähnlichen Logik in ihre Programme. Schauen wir uns ein paar Möglichkeiten an, wie wir dieses Problem angehen würden.</p><h2 id=\"ableitende-pdas\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#ableitende-pdas\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Ableitende PDAs</h2><p>PDA steht für <a href=\"https://solanacookbook.com/references/accounts.html#program-derived-address\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Program Derived Address<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>, und sind kurz gesagt Adressen <strong>abgeleitet</strong> von einer Reihe von Seeds und einer Programm-ID (oder <em>address</em>).</p><p>The unique thing about PDAs is that, these addresses are <strong>not</strong> associated with any private key. This is because these addresses do not lie on the ED25519 curve. Hence, <strong>only</strong> the program, from which this <em>address</em> was derived, can sign an instruction with the key, provided the seeds as well. Learn more about this <a href=\"https://solanacookbook.com/references/programs.html#create-a-program-derived-address\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Nachdem wir nun eine Vorstellung davon haben, was PDAs sind, verwenden wir sie, um einige Konten zuzuordnen! Wir nehmen ein Beispiel eines <strong>Blog</strong>-Programms, um zu demonstrieren, wie dies implementiert werden würde.</p><p>In diesem Blog-Programm möchten wir, dass jeder „Benutzer“ einen einzigen „Blog“ hat. Dieser Blog kann beliebig viele <code>Beiträge</code> haben. Das würde bedeuten, dass wir jeden Benutzer einem Blog <strong>zuordnen</strong> und jeder Beitrag einem bestimmten Blog <strong>zugeordnet</strong> wird.</p><p>Kurz gesagt, es gibt eine 1:1-Zuordnung zwischen einem Benutzer und seinem/ihrem Blog, während eine 1:N-Zuordnung zwischen einem Blog und seinen Beiträgen besteht.</p><p>Für die 1:1-Zuordnung möchten wir, dass die Adresse eines Blogs <strong>nur</strong> von seinem Benutzer abgeleitet wird, was es uns ermöglichen würde, ein Blog abzurufen, wenn seine Autorität (oder <em>user</em>) gegeben ist. Daher würden die Schlüssel für einrn Blog aus dem Schlüssel seiner <strong>Autorität</strong> und möglicherweise einem Präfix von <strong>"Blog"</strong> bestehen, das als Typidentifizierer fungiert.</p><p>For the <code>1:N</code> mapping, we would want each post's address to be derived <strong>not only</strong> from the blog which it is associated with, but also another <strong>identifier</strong>, allowing us to differentiate between the <code>N</code> number of posts in the blog. In the example below, each post's address is derived from the <strong>blog's key</strong>, a <strong>slug</strong> to identify each post, and a prefix of <strong>"post"</strong>, to act as a type identifier.</p><p>Der Code ist wie unten gezeigt,</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Anchor</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">anchor_lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>prelude<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">declare_id!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"2vD2HBhLnkcYcKxnxLjFYXokHdcsgJnyEXGnSpAX376e"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[program]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mod</span> <span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\">mapping_pda</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">super</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">initialize_blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Context</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InitializeBlog</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _blog_account_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> blog<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">set_inner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>blog<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">create_post</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Context</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">CreatePost</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _post_account_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> post<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Post</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>post<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>title<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>post<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>content<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">50</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ErrorCode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidContentOrTitle</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">set_inner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>post<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>post_count <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[instruction(blog_account_bump: u8)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">InitializeBlog</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n #<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token function\">account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n init<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n seeds <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"blog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">key</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bump <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> blog_account_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n payer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Account</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[account(mut)]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Program</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[instruction(post_account_bump: u8, post: Post)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">CreatePost</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[account(mut, has_one = authority)]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Account</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n #<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token function\">account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n init<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n seeds <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"post"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">key</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n post<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bump <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> post_account_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n payer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Post</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Account</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Post</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[account(mut)]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Program</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[account]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">Blog</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> post_count<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[account]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">Post</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> author<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 10 characters max</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 20 characters max</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 50 characters max</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Post</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">50</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> \n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[error]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">enum</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">ErrorCode</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[msg(<span class=\"token string\">"Invalid Content or Title."</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidContentOrTitle</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[instruction(blog_account_bump: u8)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">InitializeBlog</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n #<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token function\">account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n init<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n seeds <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"blog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">key</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bump <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> blog_account_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n payer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Account</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[account(mut)]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Program</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[instruction(post_account_bump: u8, post: Post)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">CreatePost</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[account(mut, has_one = authority)]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Account</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n #<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token function\">account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n init<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n seeds <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"post"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">key</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n post<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n bump <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> post_account_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n payer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Post</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Account</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Post</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[account(mut)]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Program</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>convert<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">TryInto</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">thiserror<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Processor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">process</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">enum</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">BlogInstruction</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Accounts expected:</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// </span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// 0. `[signer]` User account who is creating the blog</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. `[writable]` Blog account derived from PDA</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. `[]` The System Program</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">InitBlog</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// Accounts expected:</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// </span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// 0. `[signer]` User account who is creating the post</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. `[writable]` Blog account for which post is being created</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. `[writable]` Post account derived from PDA</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. `[]` System Program</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">CreatePost</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n title<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n content<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">Processor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Processor</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BlogInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> instruction <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">BlogInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InitBlog</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Instruction: InitBlog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">process_init_blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">BlogInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">CreatePost</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Instruction: CreatePost"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">process_create_post</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_create_post</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n title<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n content<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">50</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidPostData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> authority_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> blog_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> post_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>blog_pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _blog_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">find_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">b"blog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> blog_pda <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_writable <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">data_is_empty</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>post_pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> post_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">find_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">b"post"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> post_pda <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> post_len<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_lamports <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>post_len<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_post_pda_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n rent_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n post_len<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Creating post account!"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n create_post_pda_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"post"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>post_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> post_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Post</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>author <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>blog <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>bump <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> post_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>slug <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>title <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>content <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Serializing Post data"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>post_count <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Serializing Blog data"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_init_blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> authority_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> blog_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>blog_pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> blog_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">find_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">b"blog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id \n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> blog_pda <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_lamports <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_blog_pda_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n rent_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Creating blog account!"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n create_blog_pda_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"blog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>blog_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>authority <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>bump <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> blog_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>post_count <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">PostIxPayload</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n title<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n content<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BlogInstruction</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">unpack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>input<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>variant<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rest<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> input<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">split_first</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payload <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PostIxPayload</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rest<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> variant <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InitBlog</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">CreatePost</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n title<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>title<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n content<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> payload<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>content\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _ <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug, Clone)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">Blog</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> authority<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> post_count<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 10 posts max</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug, Clone)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">Post</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> author<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> blog<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 10 chars max</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 20 chars max</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 50 chars max</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(Error, Debug, Copy, Clone)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">enum</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">BlogError</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[error(<span class=\"token string\">"Invalid Instruction"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[error(<span class=\"token string\">"Invalid Blog Account"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[error(<span class=\"token string\">"Invalid Post Account"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[error(<span class=\"token string\">"Invalid Post Data"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidPostData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[error(<span class=\"token string\">"Account not Writable"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountNotWritable</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">From</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>e<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Custom</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>e <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">104</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">105</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">106</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">107</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">108</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">109</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">110</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">111</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">112</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">113</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">114</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">115</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">116</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">117</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">118</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">119</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">120</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">121</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">122</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">123</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">124</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">125</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">126</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">127</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">128</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">129</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">130</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">131</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">132</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">133</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">134</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">135</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">136</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">137</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">138</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">139</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">140</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">141</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">142</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">143</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">144</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">145</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">146</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">147</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">148</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">149</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">150</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">151</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">152</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">153</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">154</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">155</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">156</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">157</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">158</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">159</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">160</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">161</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">162</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">163</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">164</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">165</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">166</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">167</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">168</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">169</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">170</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">171</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">172</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">173</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">174</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">175</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">176</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">177</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">178</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">179</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">180</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">181</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">182</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">183</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">184</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">185</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">186</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">187</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">188</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">189</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">190</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">191</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">192</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">193</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">194</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">195</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">196</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">197</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">198</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">199</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">200</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">201</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">202</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">203</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">204</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">205</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">206</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">207</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">208</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">209</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">210</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">211</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">212</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">213</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">214</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">215</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">216</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">217</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">218</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">219</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">220</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">221</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">222</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">223</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">224</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">225</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">226</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">227</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">228</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">229</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">230</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">231</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">232</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">233</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">234</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">235</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">236</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">237</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">238</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">239</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">240</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">241</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">242</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">243</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">244</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">245</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">246</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">247</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">248</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">249</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">250</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">251</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">252</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">253</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">254</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">255</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">256</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">257</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">258</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">259</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">260</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">261</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">262</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">263</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">264</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">265</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">266</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">267</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">268</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">269</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">270</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">271</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">272</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">273</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">274</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">275</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">276</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">277</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">278</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">279</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">280</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_create_post</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n title<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n content<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">50</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidPostData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> authority_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> blog_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> post_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>blog_pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _blog_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">find_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">b"blog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> blog_pda <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_writable <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">data_is_empty</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>post_pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> post_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">find_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">b"post"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> post_pda <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> post_len<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_lamports <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>post_len<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_post_pda_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n rent_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n post_len<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Creating post account!"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n create_post_pda_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"post"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>post_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> post_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Post</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>author <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>blog <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>bump <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> post_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>slug <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> slug<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>title <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>content <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Serializing Post data"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n post_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> post_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>post_count <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Serializing Blog data"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_init_blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> authority_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> blog_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>blog_pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> blog_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">find_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">b"blog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id \n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> blog_pda <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_lamports <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_blog_pda_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n rent_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Creating blog account!"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n create_blog_pda_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"blog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>blog_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Blog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>authority <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>bump <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> blog_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>post_count <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blog_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> blog_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">104</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">105</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">106</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">107</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">108</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">109</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">110</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">111</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">112</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">113</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">114</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">115</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">116</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">117</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">118</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">119</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">120</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">121</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">122</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">123</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">124</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">125</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">126</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">127</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">128</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">129</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">130</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">131</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">132</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">133</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">134</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">135</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">136</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">137</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">138</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">139</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">140</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">141</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">142</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">143</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Auf der Client-Seite können Sie „PublicKey.findProgramAddress()“ verwenden, um die erforderliche „Blog“- und „Post“-Kontoadresse zu erhalten, die Sie an „connection.getAccountInfo()“ übergeben können, um die Kontodaten abzurufen. Ein Beispiel ist unten gezeigt,</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> borsh <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@project-serum/borsh"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">struct</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">publicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"authorityPubkey"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"bump"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"postCount"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">struct</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">publicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"author"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">publicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"blog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"bump"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"slug"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"title"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"content"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>blogAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"blog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> user<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>postAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"post"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"slug-1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> user<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> blogAccountInfo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getAccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>blogAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> blogAccountState <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n blogAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Blog account state: "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> blogAccountState<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> postAccountInfo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getAccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>postAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> postAccountState <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n postAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Post account state: "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> postAccountState<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>blogAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"blog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> user<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>postAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"post"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"slug-1"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> user<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> blogAccountInfo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getAccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>blogAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> blogAccountState <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n blogAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Blog account state: "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> blogAccountState<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> postAccountInfo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getAccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>postAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> postAccountState <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n postAccountInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Post account state: "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> postAccountState<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"einzelnes-kartenkonto\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#einzelnes-kartenkonto\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Einzelnes Kartenkonto</h2><p>Eine andere Möglichkeit, das Mapping zu implementieren, wäre, eine <code>BTreeMap</code>-Datenstruktur explizit in einem einzigen Konto zu speichern. Die Adresse dieses Kontos selbst könnte ein PDA oder der öffentliche Schlüssel eines generierten Schlüsselpaars sein.</p><p>Diese Methode zum Zuordnen von Konten ist aus folgenden Gründen nicht ideal:</p><ul><li><p>Sie müssen zuerst das Konto initialisieren, in dem die <code>BTreeMap</code> gespeichert ist, bevor Sie die erforderlichen Schlüssel-Wert-Paare darin einfügen können. Dann müssen Sie auch die Adresse dieses Kontos irgendwo speichern, um sie jedes Mal zu aktualisieren.</p></li><li><p>Es gibt Speicherbeschränkungen für ein Konto, wobei ein Konto eine maximale Größe von <strong>10 Megabyte</strong> haben kann, wodurch die <code>BTreeMap</code> daran gehindert wird, eine große Anzahl von Schlüssel-Wert-Paaren zu speichern.</p></li></ul><p>Daher können Sie nach Berücksichtigung Ihres Anwendungsfalls diese Methode wie unten gezeigt implementieren:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">collections<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">thiserror<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Error</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">num_traits<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">FromPrimitive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>invoke_signed<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"instruction_data: {:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Processor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">process</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">Processor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Processor</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">FromPrimitive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> instruction <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Initializing map!"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">process_init_map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Inserting entry!"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">process_insert_entry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _ <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_init_map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> authority_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> map_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>map_pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> map_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">find_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">b"map"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> map_pda <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_writable <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">data_is_empty</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_lamports <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MapAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_map_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n rent_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n <span class=\"token class-name\">MapAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Creating MapAccount account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n create_map_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"map"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>map_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> map_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MapAccount</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> empty_map<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>map <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> empty_map<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_insert_entry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> a_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> b_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> map_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>a_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>program_id <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> map_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MapAccount</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>map<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">contains_key</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>map<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">insert</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>a_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>b_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Clone, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">MapAccount</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> map<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 100</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MapAccount</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 10 user -> blog</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(Error, Debug, Copy, Clone)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">enum</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">BlogError</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[error(<span class=\"token string\">"Invalid MapAccount account"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[error(<span class=\"token string\">"Invalid Blog account"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[error(<span class=\"token string\">"Account already has entry in Map"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">impl</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">From</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>e<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">Self</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Custom</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>e <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">104</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">105</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">106</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">107</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">108</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">109</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">110</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">111</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">112</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">113</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">114</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">115</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">116</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">117</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">118</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">119</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">120</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">121</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">122</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">123</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">124</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">125</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">126</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">127</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">128</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">129</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">130</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">131</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">132</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">133</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">134</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">135</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">136</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">137</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">138</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">139</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">140</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">141</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">142</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">143</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">144</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">145</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">146</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">147</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">148</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">149</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">150</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">151</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">152</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">153</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">154</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">155</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">156</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">157</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">158</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">159</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">160</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_init_map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> authority_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> map_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>map_pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> map_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">find_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">b"map"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> map_pda <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_writable <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">data_is_empty</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_lamports <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MapAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_map_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n rent_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n <span class=\"token class-name\">MapAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Creating MapAccount account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n create_map_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n authority_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"map"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>map_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> map_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MapAccount</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> empty_map<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BTreeMap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>map <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> empty_map<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_insert_entry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> a_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> b_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> map_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>a_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>program_id <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> map_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MapAccount</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>map<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">contains_key</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BlogError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>map<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">insert</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>a_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>b_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n map_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> map_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Der clientseitige Code zum Testen des obigen Programms würde wie folgt aussehen:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> borsh <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@project-serum/borsh"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"FwcG3yKuAkCfX68q9GPykNWDaaPjdZFaR1Tgr8qSxaEa"</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAP_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">struct</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"is_initialized"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">publicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"user_a"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">publicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"user_b"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"blogs"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> userA <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> userB <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> userC <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>mapKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"map"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropASig <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n userA<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">5</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropBSig <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n userB<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">5</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropCSig <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n userC<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">5</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> promiseA <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropASig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> promiseB <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropBSig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> promiseC <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropCSig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">Promise</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">all</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>promiseA<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> promiseB<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> promiseC<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> initMapIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userA<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mapKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> insertABIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userA<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userB<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mapKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> insertBCIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userB<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userC<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mapKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> insertCAIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userC<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userA<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mapKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>initMapIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>insertABIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>insertBCIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>insertCAIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> sig <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>userA<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> userB<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> userC<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n skipPreflight<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n preflightCommitment<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mapAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getAccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>mapKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mapData <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MAP_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>mapAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"MapData: "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mapData<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">104</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">105</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">106</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">107</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">108</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">109</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">110</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">111</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">112</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">113</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">114</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">115</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">116</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">117</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">118</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">119</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">120</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">121</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">122</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">123</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">124</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">125</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">126</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">127</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">128</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">129</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">130</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">131</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">132</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">133</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">134</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">135</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">136</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">137</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">138</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">139</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">140</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">141</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">142</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">143</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">144</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">145</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">146</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">147</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">148</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">149</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">150</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">151</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">152</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">153</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">154</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">155</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> insertABIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userA<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userB<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mapKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> insertBCIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userB<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userC<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mapKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> insertCAIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userC<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> userA<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mapKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\ntx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>initMapIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\ntx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>insertABIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\ntx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>insertBCIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\ntx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>insertCAIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 93952610+0xNyk@users.noreply.github.com\">nyk</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von 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Um dem entgegenzuwirken, können Anwendungsentwickler ihre eigene benutzerdefinierte Rebroadcasting-Logik entwickeln. Erfahren Sie mehr über das Wiederholen von Transaktionen und mehr im Solana-Kochbuch.\"><meta name=\"og:description\" content=\"In einigen Fällen kann eine scheinbar gültige Transaktion verworfen werden, bevor sie in einen Block aufgenommen wird. Um dem entgegenzuwirken, können Anwendungsentwickler ihre eigene benutzerdefinierte Rebroadcasting-Logik entwickeln. Erfahren Sie mehr über das Wiederholen von Transaktionen und mehr im Solana-Kochbuch.\"><meta name=\"og:image\" content=\"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png\"><meta name=\"og:image:alt\" content=\"Solana splash card\"><meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\"><meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@solanacookbook\"><meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png\"><meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index,follow,noodp\"><meta name=\"googlebot\" content=\"index,follow\"><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/solana_cookbook_lightmode.svg\"><script data-domain=\"solanacookbook.com\" src=\"https://plausible.io/js/plausible.js\"></script><title>Transaktionen Wiederholen | Solana Cookbook</title>\n <link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\"><link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/retrying-transactions.html.8880b234.js\"><link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/retrying-transactions.html.63745293.js\">\n <link 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d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span><!--[--><!--]--></a></div><div class=\"navbar-item\"><div class=\"navbar-dropdown-wrapper\"><button class=\"navbar-dropdown-title\" type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Select language\"><span class=\"title\">Languages</span><span class=\"arrow down\"></span></button><button class=\"navbar-dropdown-title-mobile\" type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Select language\"><span class=\"title\">Languages</span><span class=\"right arrow\"></span></button><!--[--><ul style=\"display:none;\" class=\"navbar-dropdown\"><!--[--><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"English\"><!--[--><!--]--> English <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li 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aria-label=\"Français\"><!--[--><!--]--> Français <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/id/\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Bahasa Indonesia\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/kr/\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"한국어\"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/tr/\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Türkçe\"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/ja/\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"日本語\"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Für Beginner <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Installation\"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a 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aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"die-reise-einer-transaktion\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#die-reise-einer-transaktion\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Die Reise einer Transaktion</h1><p>In einigen Fällen kann eine scheinbar gültige Transaktion verworfen werden, bevor sie in einen Block aufgenommen wird. Dies tritt am häufigsten in Zeiten von Netzwerküberlastung auf, wenn ein RPC-Knoten die Transaktion nicht erneut an den [Leader] (https://docs.solana.com/terminology#leader) sendet. Für einen Endbenutzer kann es so aussehen, als würde seine Transaktion vollständig verschwinden. Während RPC-Knoten mit einem generischen Rebroadcasting-Algorithmus ausgestattet sind, sind Anwendungsentwickler auch in der Lage, ihre eigene benutzerdefinierte Rebroadcasting-Logik zu entwickeln.</p><h2 id=\"fakten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#fakten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Fakten</h2><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>RPC-Knoten versuchen, Transaktionen unter Verwendung eines generischen Algorithmus erneut auszusenden</li><li>Anwendungsentwickler können ihre eigene benutzerdefinierte Rebroadcasting-Logik implementieren</li><li>Entwickler sollten den Parameter "maxRetries" in der JSON-RPC-Methode "sendTransaction" nutzen</li><li>Entwickler sollten Preflight-Prüfungen aktivieren, um Fehler zu melden, bevor Transaktionen übermittelt werden</li><li>Bevor Sie eine Transaktion neu signieren, ist es <strong>sehr wichtig</strong> sicherzustellen, dass der Blockhash der ursprünglichen Transaktion abgelaufen ist</li></ul></div><h2 id=\"die-reise-einer-transaktion-1\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#die-reise-einer-transaktion-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Die Reise einer Transaktion</h2><h3 id=\"wie-anwender-transaktionen-ubermitteln\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-anwender-transaktionen-ubermitteln\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie Anwender Transaktionen übermitteln</h3><p>In Solana gibt es kein Konzept eines Mempools. Alle Transaktionen, ob programmgesteuert oder von einem Endbenutzer initiiert, werden effizient an Leader weitergeleitet, damit sie in einem Block verarbeitet werden können. Es gibt zwei Hauptwege, auf denen eine Transaktion an Führungskräfte gesendet werden kann:</p><ol><li>Per Proxy über einen RPC-Server und die JSON-RPC-Methode <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#sendtransaction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sendTransaction<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>.</li><li>Direkt zu Führungskräften über einen [TPU-Client] (https://docs.rs/solana-client/1.7.3/solana_client/tpu_client/index.html)</li></ol><p>Die überwiegende Mehrheit der Endbenutzer übermittelt Transaktionen über einen RPC-Server. Wenn ein Client eine Transaktion übermittelt, versucht der empfangende RPC-Knoten wiederum, die Transaktion sowohl an den aktuellen als auch an den nächsten Leader zu senden. Bis die Transaktion von einem Leader verarbeitet wird, gibt es keine Aufzeichnung der Transaktion außerhalb dessen, was dem Client und den weiterleitenden RPC-Knoten bekannt ist. Im Fall eines TPU-Clients wird das Rebroadcasting und die Leader-Weiterleitung vollständig von der Client-Software gehandhabt.</p><p><img src=\"/assets/tx-journey.dd6310be.png\" alt=\"Transaction Journey\"></p><h3 id=\"wie-rpc-knoten-transaktionen-senden\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-rpc-knoten-transaktionen-senden\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie RPC-Knoten Transaktionen senden</h3><p>Nachdem ein RPC-Knoten eine Transaktion über „sendTransaction“ empfangen hat, konvertiert er die Transaktion in ein <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UDP<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>-Paket, bevor er es an die relevanten Leader weiterleitet. UDP ermöglicht es Validatoren, schnell miteinander zu kommunizieren, bietet jedoch keine Garantien für die Transaktionszustellung.</p><p>Da Solanas Leader-Zeitplan vor jeder <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/terminology#epoch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Epoche<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> (~2 Tage) bekannt ist, sendet ein RPC-Knoten seine Transaktion direkt an die aktuellen und nächsten Leader. Dies steht im Gegensatz zu anderen Klatschprotokollen wie Ethereum, die Transaktionen zufällig und breit über das gesamte Netzwerk verbreiten. Standardmäßig versuchen RPC-Knoten alle zwei Sekunden, Transaktionen an Leader weiterzuleiten, bis entweder die Transaktion abgeschlossen ist oder der Blockhash der Transaktion abläuft (150 Blöcke oder ~1 Minute 19 Sekunden zum Zeitpunkt des Schreibens dieses Artikels). Wenn die Größe der ausstehenden Rebroadcast-Warteschlange größer als <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/bfbbc53dac93b3a5c6be9b4b65f679fdb13e41d9/send-transaction-service/src/send_transaction_service.rs#L20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">10.000 Transaktionen<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> ist, werden neu übermittelte Transaktionen fallengelassen. Es gibt Befehlszeilen-<a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/bfbbc53dac93b3a5c6be9b4b65f679fdb13e41d9/validator/src/main.rs#L1172\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Argumente<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>, die die Logik der RPC-Operatoren anpassen können, um das Standardverhalten dieser Wiederholung zu ändern.</p><p>Wenn ein RPC-Knoten eine Transaktion sendet, versucht er, die Transaktion an die <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/cd6f931223181d5a1d47cba64e857785a175a760/core/src/validator.rs#L867\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Transaction Processing Unit (TPU)<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> eines Leaders weiterzuleiten . Die TPU verarbeitet Transaktionen in fünf verschiedenen Phasen:</p><ul><li><a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/cd6f931223181d5a1d47cba64e857785a175a760/core/src/fetch_stage.rs#L21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fetch Stage<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/cd6f931223181d5a1d47cba64e857785a175a760/core/src/tpu.rs#L91\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SigVerify Stage<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/cd6f931223181d5a1d47cba64e857785a175a760/core/src/banking_stage.rs#L249\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Banking Stage<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/cd6f931223181d5a1d47cba64e857785a175a760/poh/src/poh_service.rs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Proof of History Service<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/cd6f931223181d5a1d47cba64e857785a175a760/core/src/tpu.rs#L136\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Broadcast Stage<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><p><img src=\"/assets/tpu-jito-labs.8bb32fb6.png\" alt=\"TPU Overview\"><small style=\"display:block;text-align:center;\">Image Courtesy of Jito Labs</small></p><p>Von diesen fünf Phasen ist die Fetch-Phase für den Empfang von Transaktionen verantwortlich. Innerhalb der Fetch-Phase kategorisieren Validatoren eingehende Transaktionen nach drei Ports:</p><ul><li><a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/cd6f931223181d5a1d47cba64e857785a175a760/gossip/src/contact_info.rs#L27\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tpu<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> verarbeitet regelmäßige Transaktionen wie Token-Transfers, NFT-Mints und Programmanweisungen</li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/cd6f931223181d5a1d47cba64e857785a175a760/gossip/src/contact_info.rs#L31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tpu_vote<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> konzentriert sich ausschließlich auf Stimmrechtsgeschäfte</li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/cd6f931223181d5a1d47cba64e857785a175a760/gossip/src/contact_info.rs#L29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tpu_forwards<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> leitet unverarbeitete Pakete an den nächsten Leader weiter, wenn der aktuelle Leader nicht in der Lage ist, alle Transaktionen zu verarbeiten</li></ul><p>Weitere Informationen zum TPU finden Sie unter <a href=\"https://jito-labs.medium.com/solana-validator-101-transaction-processing-90bcdc271143\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dieser hervorragenden Beschreibung von Jito Labs<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><h2 id=\"wie-transaktionen-verworfen-werden\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wie-transaktionen-verworfen-werden\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wie Transaktionen verworfen werden</h2><p>Während der Reise einer Transaktion gibt es einige Szenarien, in denen die Transaktion unbeabsichtigt aus dem Netzwerk fallen gelassen werden kann.</p><h3 id=\"bevor-eine-transaktion-verarbeitet-wird\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bevor-eine-transaktion-verarbeitet-wird\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bevor eine Transaktion verarbeitet wird</h3><p>Wenn das Netzwerk eine Transaktion verwirft, wird es dies höchstwahrscheinlich tun, bevor die Transaktion von einem Leader verarbeitet wird. UDP <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_loss\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paketverlust<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> ist der einfachste Grund, warum dies auftreten kann. In Zeiten intensiver Netzwerklast ist es auch möglich, dass Validierer von der schieren Anzahl der für die Verarbeitung erforderlichen Transaktionen überwältigt werden. Während Validatoren in der Lage sind, überschüssige Transaktionen über <code>tpu_forwards</code> weiterzuleiten, gibt es eine Grenze für die Datenmenge, die <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/master/core/src/banking_stage.rs#L389\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">weitergeleitet<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> werden kann . Darüber hinaus ist jede Weiterleitung auf einen einzelnen Sprung zwischen Prüfern beschränkt. Das heißt, Transaktionen, die auf dem <code>tpu_forwards</code>-Port empfangen werden, werden nicht an andere Validatoren weitergeleitet.</p><p>Es gibt auch zwei weniger bekannte Gründe, warum eine Transaktion verworfen werden kann, bevor sie verarbeitet wird. Das erste Szenario umfasst Transaktionen, die über einen RPC-Pool übermittelt werden. Gelegentlich kann ein Teil des RPC-Pools dem Rest des Pools ausreichend voraus sein. Dies kann zu Problemen führen, wenn Knoten innerhalb des Pools zusammenarbeiten müssen. In diesem Beispiel wird der <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions#recent-blockhash\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recentBlockhash<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> der Transaktion aus dem erweiterten Teil des Pools (Backend A) abgefragt. Wenn die Transaktion an den verzögerten Teil des Pools (Backend B) gesendet wird, erkennen die Knoten den erweiterten Blockhash nicht und verwerfen die Transaktion. Dies kann bei der Transaktionsübermittlung erkannt werden, wenn Entwickler <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#sendtransaction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Preflight-Prüfungen<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> für <code>sendTransaction</code> aktivieren.</p><p><img src=\"/assets/dropped-via-rpc-pool.8d1ce9af.png\" alt=\"Über RPC Pool gelöscht\"></p><p>Vorübergehende Netzwerk-Forks können auch zu abgebrochenen Transaktionen führen. Wenn ein Validator seine Blöcke innerhalb der Banking-Phase nur langsam wiedergibt, kann er am Ende einen Minority Fork erstellen. Wenn ein Client eine Transaktion erstellt, ist es möglich, dass die Transaktion auf einen <code>recentBlockhash</code> verweist, der nur auf dem Minority Fork existiert. Nachdem die Transaktion übermittelt wurde, kann der Cluster von seinem Minority Fork wegschalten, bevor die Transaktion verarbeitet wird. In diesem Szenario wird die Transaktion verworfen, weil der Blockhash nicht gefunden wird.</p><p><img src=\"/assets/dropped-minority-fork-pre-process.555653e1.png\" alt=\"Aufgrund von Minority Fork fallen gelassen (vor der Verarbeitung)\"></p><h3 id=\"nachdem-eine-transaktion-verarbeitet-wurde-und-bevor-sie-abgeschlossen-wird\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#nachdem-eine-transaktion-verarbeitet-wurde-und-bevor-sie-abgeschlossen-wird\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Nachdem eine Transaktion verarbeitet wurde und bevor sie abgeschlossen wird</h3><p>Für den Fall, dass eine Transaktion auf einen „recentBlockhash“ von einem Minority Fork verweist, ist es immer noch möglich, dass die Transaktion verarbeitet wird. In diesem Fall würde es jedoch vom Leader auf dem Minority Fork verarbeitet. Wenn dieser Anführer versucht, seine verarbeiteten Transaktionen mit dem Rest des Netzwerks zu teilen, würde er keinen Konsens mit der Mehrheit der Validatoren erzielen, die den Minority Fork nicht anerkennen. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt würde die Transaktion fallen gelassen, bevor sie abgeschlossen werden könnte.</p><p><img src=\"/assets/dropped-minority-fork-post-process.48c3c955.png\" alt=\"Gefallen aufgrund von Minority Fork (nach Verarbeitung)\"></p><h2 id=\"umgang-mit-abgebrochenen-transaktionen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#umgang-mit-abgebrochenen-transaktionen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Umgang mit abgebrochenen Transaktionen</h2><p>Während RPC-Knoten versuchen, Transaktionen erneut zu übertragen, ist der von ihnen verwendete Algorithmus generisch und oft für die Anforderungen bestimmter Anwendungen ungeeignet. Um sich auf Zeiten der Netzwerküberlastung vorzubereiten, sollten Anwendungsentwickler ihre eigene Rebroadcasting-Logik anpassen.</p><h3 id=\"ein-eingehender-blick-in-sendtransaction\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#ein-eingehender-blick-in-sendtransaction\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Ein eingehender Blick in sendTransaction</h3><p>Wenn es um das Senden von Transaktionen geht, ist die RPC-Methode <code>sendTransaction</code> das primäre Tool, das Entwicklern zur Verfügung steht. <code>sendTransaction</code> ist nur für die Weiterleitung einer Transaktion von einem Client an einen RPC-Knoten verantwortlich. Wenn der Knoten die Transaktion empfängt, gibt <code>sendTransaction</code> die Transaktions-ID zurück, die zum Verfolgen der Transaktion verwendet werden kann. Eine erfolgreiche Antwort zeigt nicht an, ob die Transaktion vom Cluster verarbeitet oder abgeschlossen wird.</p><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">TIP</p><h4 id=\"request-parameters\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#request-parameters\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Request Parameters</h4><ul><li><code>transaction</code>: <code>string</code> - vollständig signierte Transaktion als verschlüsselte Zeichenfolge</li><li>(optional) <code>Konfigurationsobjekt</code>: <code>Objekt</code><ul><li><code>skipPreflight</code>: <code>boolean</code> - wenn wahr, die Preflight-Transaktionsprüfungen überspringen (Standard: falsch)</li><li>(optional) <code>preflightCommitment</code>: <code>string</code> - <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#configuring-state-commitment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Commitment<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> Level zur Verwendung für Preflight-Simulationen gegen den Bank-Slot (Standard: "abgeschlossen").</li><li>(optional) <code>encoding</code>: <code>string</code> - Codierung, die für die Transaktionsdaten verwendet werden. Entweder "base58" (langsam) oder "base64". (Standard: "base58").</li><li>(optional) <code>maxRetries</code>: <code>usize</code> - Maximale Anzahl von Malen für den RPC-Knoten, um erneut zu versuchen, die Transaktion an den Leader zu senden. Wenn dieser Parameter nicht angegeben wird, wiederholt der RPC-Knoten die Transaktion, bis sie abgeschlossen ist oder bis der Blockhash abläuft.</li></ul></li></ul><h4 id=\"antwort\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#antwort\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Antwort</h4><ul><li><code>transaction id</code>: <code>string</code> – Erste in die Transaktion eingebettete Transaktionssignatur als base-58-codierte Zeichenfolge. Diese Transaktions-ID kann mit <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#getsignaturestatuses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">getSignatureStatuses<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> verwendet werden, um Statusaktualisierungen abzurufen.</li></ul></div><h2 id=\"anpassen-der-reroadcast-logik\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#anpassen-der-reroadcast-logik\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Anpassen der Reroadcast-Logik</h2><p>Um ihre eigene Rebroadcasting-Logik zu entwickeln, sollten Entwickler den Parameter <code>maxRetries</code> von <code>sendTransaction</code> nutzen. Falls angegeben, überschreibt <code>maxRetries</code> die standardmäßige Wiederholungslogik eines RPC-Knotens, sodass Entwickler den Wiederholungsprozess <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/98707baec2385a4f7114d2167ef6dfb1406f954f/validator/src/main.rs#L1258-L1274\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">innerhalb vernünftiger Grenzen<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> manuell steuern können.</p><p>Ein gängiges Muster für das manuelle Wiederholen von Transaktionen besteht darin, <code>lastValidBlockHeight</code> vorübergehend zu speichern, das von <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#getlatestblockhash\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">getLatestBlockhash<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> stammt. Nach dem Zwischenspeichern kann eine Anwendung dann <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#getblockheight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">die Blockhöhe des Clusters abfragen<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> und die Transaktion in einem angemessenen Intervall manuell wiederholen. In Zeiten von Netzwerküberlastung ist es vorteilhaft, „maxRetries“ auf 0 zu setzen und manuell über einen benutzerdefinierten Algorithmus erneut zu senden. Während einige Anwendungen möglicherweise einen <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_backoff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">exponentiellen Backoff<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>-Algorithmus verwenden, entscheiden sich andere wie <a href=\"https://www.mango.markets/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mango<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> dafür, Transaktionen in einem konstanten Intervall <a href=\"https://github.com/blockworks-foundation/mango-ui/blob/b6abfc6c13b71fc17ebbe766f50b8215fa1ec54f/src/utils/send.tsx#L713\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">kontinuierlich erneut einzureichen<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>, bis eine Zeitüberschreitung aufgetreten ist.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> nacl <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"tweetnacl"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">sleep</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ms<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">number</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token builtin\">Promise</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>r<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token function\">setTimeout</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>r<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ms<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> payer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> toAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> blockhashResponse <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getLatestBlockhashAndContext</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> lastValidBlockHeight <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> blockhashResponse<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>slot <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">150</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n blockhash<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> blockhashResponse<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lastValidBlockHeight<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> lastValidBlockHeight<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> toAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1000000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> message <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serializeMessage</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nacl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">detached</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>message<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>secretKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">addSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>payer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> rawTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> blockheight <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBlockHeight</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>blockheight <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> lastValidBlockHeight<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendRawTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rawTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n skipPreflight<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sleep</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">500</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blockheight <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBlockHeight</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span 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class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>blockheight <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> lastValidBlockHeight<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendRawTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rawTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n skipPreflight<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sleep</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">500</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n blockheight <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBlockHeight</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Bei der Abfrage über <code>getLatestBlockhash</code> sollten Anwendungen ihre beabsichtigte <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#configuring-state-commitment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Commitment<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>-Ebene angeben. Indem sie ihr Commitment auf „bestätigt“ (abgestimmt) oder „abgeschlossen“ (~30 Blöcke nach „bestätigt“) setzen, kann eine Anwendung vermeiden, einen Blockhash von einem Minority Fork abzufragen.</p><p>Wenn eine Anwendung Zugriff auf RPC-Knoten hinter einem Load Balancer hat, kann sie ihre Arbeitslast auch auf bestimmte Knoten aufteilen. RPC-Knoten, die datenintensive Anfragen wie <a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"\">getProgramAccounts</a> bedienen, neigen möglicherweise dazu, ins Hintertreffen zu geraten, und können auch für die Weiterleitung von Transaktionen ungeeignet sein. Für Anwendungen, die zeitkritische Transaktionen verarbeiten, kann es ratsam sein, dedizierte Knoten zu haben, die nur "sendTransaction" verarbeiten.</p><h3 id=\"die-kosten-fur-das-uberspringen-des-preflights\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#die-kosten-fur-das-uberspringen-des-preflights\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Die Kosten für das Überspringen des Preflights</h3><p>Standardmäßig führt "sendTransaction" drei Preflight-Prüfungen durch, bevor eine Transaktion übermittelt wird. Insbesondere wird <code>sendTransaction</code>:</p><ul><li>Überprüfen, ob alle Unterschriften gültig sind</li><li>Überprüfen, ob der referenzierte Blockhash innerhalb der letzten 150 Blöcke liegt</li><li>Die Transaktion mit dem durch "preflightCommitment" angegebenen Bankfach simulieren</li></ul><p>Für den Fall, dass eine dieser drei Preflight-Prüfungen fehlschlägt, wird <code>sendTransaction</code> einen Fehler auslösen, bevor die Transaktion übermittelt wird. Preflight-Prüfungen können oft den Unterschied zwischen dem Verlust einer Transaktion und der ordnungsgemäßen Behandlung eines Fehlers durch einen Client ausmachen. Um sicherzustellen, dass diese häufigen Fehler berücksichtigt werden, wird empfohlen, dass Entwickler <code>skipPreflight</code> auf <code>false</code> setzen.</p><h3 id=\"wann-transaktionen-neu-signiert-werden-mussen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#wann-transaktionen-neu-signiert-werden-mussen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Wann Transaktionen neu signiert werden müssen</h3><p>Trotz aller Wiederholungsversuche kann es vorkommen, dass ein Kunde eine Transaktion erneut signieren muss. Bevor Sie eine Transaktion neu signieren, ist es <strong>sehr wichtig</strong> sicherzustellen, dass der Blockhash der ursprünglichen Transaktion abgelaufen ist. Wenn der anfängliche Blockhash noch gültig ist, ist es möglich, dass beide Transaktionen vom Netzwerk akzeptiert werden. Für einen Endbenutzer würde dies so aussehen, als ob er dieselbe Transaktion unbeabsichtigt zweimal gesendet hätte.</p><p>In Solana kann eine verworfene Transaktion sicher verworfen werden, sobald der Blockhash, auf den sie verweist, älter ist als die von „getLatestBlockhash“ empfangene „lastValidBlockHeight“. Entwickler sollten diese <code>lastValidBlockHeight</code> im Auge behalten, indem sie <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#getepochinfo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><code>getEpochInfo</code><span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> abfragen und mit <code>blockHeight</code> in der Antwort vergleichen. Sobald ein Blockhash für ungültig erklärt wurde, können Clients mit einem neu abgefragten Blockhash erneut signieren.</p><h2 id=\"danksagungen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#danksagungen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Danksagungen</h2><p>Vielen Dank an Trent Nelson, <a href=\"https://twitter.com/jacobvcreech\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jacob Creech<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>, White Tiger, Le Yafo, <a href=\"https://twitter.com/buffalu__\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Buffalu<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> und <a href=\"https://twitter.com/jito_labs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jito Labs<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" 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class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Für Beginner <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Installation\"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html#fakten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Fakten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Fakten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html#deep-dive\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Deep Dive\"><!--[--><!--]--> Deep Dive <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html#filters\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"filters\"><!--[--><!--]--> filters <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html#dataslice\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"dataSlice\"><!--[--><!--]--> dataSlice <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html#other-resources\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Other Resources\"><!--[--><!--]--> Other Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"programmkonten-abfragen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#programmkonten-abfragen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Programmkonten Abfragen</h1><p>Eine RPC-Methode, die alle Konten zurückgibt, die einem Programm gehören. Paginierung wird derzeit nicht unterstützt. Anfragen an „getProgramAccounts“ sollten die Parameter „dataSlice“ und/oder „filters“ enthalten, um die Antwortzeit zu verbessern und nur beabsichtigte Ergebnisse zurückzugeben.</p><h2 id=\"fakten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#fakten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Fakten</h2><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">Parameters</p><ul><li>„programId“: „string“ – Pubkey des abzufragenden Programms, bereitgestellt als base58-codierter String</li><li>(optional) <code>configOrCommitment</code>: <code>object</code> - Konfigurationsparameter, die die folgenden optionalen Felder enthalten: <ul><li>(optional) <code>commitment</code>: <code>string</code> - <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#configuring-state-commitment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Staatliche Verpflichtung<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>(optional) <code>encoding</code>: <code>string</code> - Encoding für Kontodaten, entweder: <code>base58</code>, <code>base64</code> oder <code>jsonParsed</code>. Beachten Sie, dass Benutzer von web3js stattdessen <a href=\"https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getParsedProgramAccounts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">getParsedProgramAccounts<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> verwenden sollten.</li><li>(optional) <code>dataSlice</code>: <code>object</code> - Beschränken Sie die zurückgegebenen Kontodaten basierend auf: <ul><li><code>offset</code>: <code>number</code> - Anzahl der Bytes in Kontodaten, um mit der Rückgabe zu beginnen</li><li><code>length</code>: <code>number</code> - Anzahl der zurückzugebenden Kontodaten-Bytes</li></ul></li><li>(optional) <code>filters</code>: <code>array</code> - Filtern Sie die Ergebnisse mit den folgenden Filterobjekten: <ul><li><code>memcmp</code>: <code>object</code> - Passen Sie eine Reihe von Bytes an Kontodaten an: <ul><li><code>offset</code>: <code>number</code> - Anzahl der Bytes in den Kontodaten, um mit dem Vergleich zu beginnen</li><li><code>bytes</code>: <code>string</code> - Zu vergleichende Daten, als Base58-codierter String, begrenzt auf 129 Bytes</li></ul></li><li><code>dataSize</code>: <code>number</code> - Vergleicht die Kontodatenlänge mit der bereitgestellten Datengröße</li></ul></li><li>(optional) <code>withContext</code>: <code>boolean</code> - Das Ergebnis in ein [RpcResponse JSON-Objekt] einschließen (https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#rpcresponse-structure)</li></ul></li></ul></div><h5 id=\"antwort\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#antwort\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Antwort</h5><p>Standardmäßig gibt <code>getProgramAccounts</code> ein Array von JSON-Objekten mit der folgenden Struktur zurück:</p><ul><li><code>pubkey</code>: <code>string</code> - Der Konto-Pubkey als base58-codierter String</li><li>„account“: „object“ – ein JSON-Objekt mit den folgenden Unterfeldern: <ul><li><code>lamports</code>: <code>number</code>, Anzahl der dem Konto zugeordneten Lamports</li><li><code>owner</code>: <code>string</code>, Der base58-kodierte Pubkey des Programms, dem das Konto zugewiesen wurde</li><li>„Daten“: „Zeichenfolge“ | „Objekt“ – Daten, die dem Konto zugeordnet sind, entweder als codierte Binärdaten oder im JSON-Format, abhängig vom bereitgestellten Codierungsparameter</li><li><code>executable</code>: <code>boolean</code>, Angabe ob das Konto ein Programm enthält</li><li><code>rentEpoch</code>: <code>number</code>, Die Epoche, in der dieses Konto das nächste mal Miete schuldet :::</li></ul></li></ul><h2 id=\"deep-dive\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#deep-dive\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Deep Dive</h2><p>„getProgramAccounts“ ist eine vielseitige RPC-Methode, die alle Konten zurückgibt, die einem Programm gehören. Wir können "getProgramAccounts" für eine Reihe nützlicher Abfragen verwenden, z. B. um Folgendes zu finden:</p><ul><li>Alle Token-Konten für eine bestimmte Brieftasche</li><li>Alle Token-Konten für eine bestimmte Minze (d. h. alle <a href=\"https://www.projectserum.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SRM<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>-Inhaber)</li><li>Alle benutzerdefinierten Konten für ein bestimmtes Programm (d. h. alle Benutzer von <a href=\"https://mango.markets/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mango<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>)</li></ul><p>Trotz seiner Nützlichkeit wird <code>getProgramAccounts</code> aufgrund seiner derzeitigen Beschränkungen oft missverstanden. Viele der von „getProgramAccounts“ unterstützten Abfragen erfordern RPC-Knoten, um große Datensätze zu scannen. Diese Scans sind sowohl speicher- als auch ressourcenintensiv. Daher können zu häufige oder zu umfangreiche Aufrufe zu Verbindungszeitüberschreitungen führen. Darüber hinaus unterstützt der Endpunkt „getProgramAccounts“ zum Zeitpunkt der Erstellung dieses Dokuments keine Paginierung. Wenn die Ergebnisse einer Abfrage zu groß sind, wird die Antwort abgeschnitten.</p><p>Um diese derzeitigen Beschränkungen zu umgehen, bietet <code>getProgramAccounts</code> eine Reihe nützlicher Parameter: nämlich <code>dataSlice</code> und die <code>filters</code>-Optionen <code>memcmp</code> und <code>dataSize</code>. Durch die Bereitstellung von Kombinationen dieser Parameter können wir den Umfang unserer Abfragen auf überschaubare und vorhersehbare Größen reduzieren.</p><p>Ein gängiges Beispiel für „getProgramAccounts“ ist die Interaktion mit dem [SPL-Token-Programm] (https://spl.solana.com/token). Das Anfordern aller Konten des Token-Programms mit einem <a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html#get-program-accounts\" class=\"\">einfachen Aufruf</a> würde eine enorme Datenmenge erfordern. Durch die Bereitstellung von Parametern können wir jedoch effizient nur die Daten anfordern, die wir verwenden möchten.</p><h3 id=\"filters\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#filters\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> <code>filters</code></h3><p>Der häufigste Parameter, der mit „getProgramAccounts“ verwendet wird, ist das „filters“-Array. Dieses Array akzeptiert zwei Arten von Filtern, „dataSize“ und „memcmp“. Bevor Sie einen dieser Filter verwenden, sollten wir uns damit vertraut machen, wie die angeforderten Daten angeordnet und serialisiert sind.</p><h4 id=\"datasize\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#datasize\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> <code>dataSize</code></h4><p>Im Fall des Token-Programms können wir sehen, dass <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-program-library/blob/08d9999f997a8bf38719679be9d572f119d0d960/token/program/src/state.rs#L86-L106\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Token-Konten 165 Byte lang sind<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>. Insbesondere hat ein Token-Konto acht verschiedene Felder, wobei jedes Feld eine vorhersagbare Anzahl von Bytes erfordert. Wir können anhand der folgenden Abbildung visualisieren, wie diese Daten angeordnet sind.</p><p><img src=\"/assets/account-size.398f17bf.png\" alt=\"Account Größe\"></p><p>Wenn wir alle Token-Konten finden möchten, die unserer Wallet-Adresse gehören, könnten wir „{ dataSize: 165 }“ zu unserem „filters“-Array hinzufügen, um den Umfang unserer Abfrage auf nur Konten einzugrenzen, die genau 165 Byte lang sind. Dies allein würde jedoch nicht ausreichen. Wir müssten auch einen Filter hinzufügen, der nach Konten sucht, die unserer Adresse gehören. Dies können wir mit dem <code>memcmp</code>-Filter erreichen.</p><h4 id=\"memcmp\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#memcmp\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> <code>memcmp</code></h4><p>Der <code>memcmp</code>-Filter oder "Speichervergleichsfilter" ermöglicht es uns, Daten in jedem Feld zu vergleichen, das in unserem Konto gespeichert ist. Insbesondere können wir nur nach Konten abfragen, die mit einem bestimmten Satz von Bytes an einer bestimmten Position übereinstimmen. <code>memcmp</code> erfordert zwei Argumente:</p><ul><li><code>offset</code>: Die Position, an der mit dem Datenvergleich begonnen werden soll. Diese Position wird in Bytes gemessen und als ganze Zahl ausgedrückt.</li><li><code>bytes</code>: Die Daten, die mit den Daten des Kontos übereinstimmen sollen. Dies wird als Base-58-codierte Zeichenfolge dargestellt und sollte auf weniger als 129 Bytes begrenzt sein.</li></ul><p>Es ist wichtig zu beachten, dass "memcmp" nur Ergebnisse zurückgibt, die eine genaue Übereinstimmung mit "Bytes" sind. Derzeit werden keine Vergleiche für Werte unterstützt, die kleiner oder größer als die von uns bereitgestellten „Bytes“ sind.</p><p>In Übereinstimmung mit unserem Beispiel für das Token-Programm können wir unsere Abfrage so ändern, dass nur Token-Konten zurückgegeben werden, die unserer Wallet-Adresse gehören. Wenn wir uns ein Token-Konto ansehen, können wir sehen, dass die ersten beiden Felder, die auf einem Token-Konto gespeichert sind, beide Pubkeys sind und dass jeder Pubkey 32 Bytes lang ist. Da „Eigentümer“ das zweite Feld ist, sollten wir unser „memcmp“ bei einem „Offset“ von 32 Bytes beginnen. Von hier aus suchen wir nach Konten, deren Eigentümerfeld mit unserer Brieftaschenadresse übereinstimmt.</p><p><img src=\"/assets/memcmp.c5e1f050.png\" alt=\"Account Größe\"></p><p>Wir können diese Abfrage über das folgende Beispiel aufrufen:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust Client</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">cURL</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getParsedProgramAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// new PublicKey("TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA")</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n filters<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n dataSize<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">165</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n memcmp<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n bytes<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// base58 encoded string</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Found </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> token account(s) for wallet </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token constant\">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">: </span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">forEach</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">-- Token Account Address </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>i <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> --</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Mint: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parsed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"info"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"mint"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Amount: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"parsed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"info"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"tokenAmount"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">"uiAmount"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n // Output\n\n Found 2 token account(s) for wallet FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T: \n -- Token Account Address 0: H12yCcKLHFJFfohkeKiN8v3zgaLnUMwRcnJTyB4igAsy --\n Mint: CKKDsBT6KiT4GDKs3e39Ue9tDkhuGUKM3cC2a7pmV9YK\n Amount: 1\n -- Token Account Address 1: Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb --\n Mint: BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf\n Amount: 3\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n <span class=\"token namespace\">rpc_filter<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcFilterType</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Memcmp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MemcmpEncoding</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">rpc_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">program_pack<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pack</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">spl_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">state<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Mint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_account_decoder<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> filters <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token macro property\">vec!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcFilterType</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Memcmp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Memcmp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcFilterType</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataSize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">165</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_program_accounts_with_config</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">spl_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token constant\">ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n filters<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n encoding<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Base64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n commitment<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Found {:?} token account(s) for wallet {MY_WALLET_ADDRESS}: "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> account<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">enumerate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"-- Token Account Address {:?}: {:?} --"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> account<span class=\"token number\">.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> mint_token_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account<span class=\"token number\">.1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Mint: {:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mint_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> mint_account_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_account_data</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>mint_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> mint <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Mint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">unpack_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>mint_account_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Amount: {:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mint_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>amount <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">f64</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span><span class=\"token number\">10usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">pow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>mint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>decimals <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">f64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/*\n// Output\n\nFound 2 token account(s) for wallet FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T: \n-- Token Account Address 0: H12yCcKLHFJFfohkeKiN8v3zgaLnUMwRcnJTyB4igAsy --\nMint: CKKDsBT6KiT4GDKs3e39Ue9tDkhuGUKM3cC2a7pmV9YK\nAmount: 1.0\n-- Token Account Address 1: Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb --\nMint: BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf\nAmount: 3.0\n*/</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">curl</span> http://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com -X POST -H <span class=\"token string\">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -d <span class=\"token string\">'\n {\n "jsonrpc": "2.0",\n "id": 1,\n "method": "getProgramAccounts",\n "params": [\n "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",\n {\n "encoding": "jsonParsed",\n "filters": [\n {\n "dataSize": 165\n },\n {\n "memcmp": {\n "offset": 32,\n "bytes": "FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"\n }\n }\n ]\n }\n ]\n }\n'</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Output: </span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "jsonrpc": "2.0",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "result": [</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "account": {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "data": {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "parsed": {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "info": {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "isNative": false,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "mint": "BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "owner": "FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "state": "initialized",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "tokenAmount": {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "amount": "998999999000000000",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "decimals": 9,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "uiAmount": 998999999,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "uiAmountString": "998999999"</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># }</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># },</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "type": "account"</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># },</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "program": "spl-token",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "space": 165</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># },</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "executable": false,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># },</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "pubkey": "Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb"</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># }</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># ],</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "id": 1</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># }</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"dataslice\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#dataslice\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> <code>dataSlice</code></h3><p>Abgesehen von den beiden Filterparametern ist der dritthäufigste Parameter für „getProgramAccounts“ „dataSlice“. Im Gegensatz zum Parameter "filters" reduziert "dataSlice" nicht die Anzahl der von einer Abfrage zurückgegebenen Konten. Stattdessen begrenzt „dataSlice“ die Datenmenge für jedes Konto.</p><p>Ähnlich wie <code>memcmp</code> akzeptiert <code>dataSlice</code> zwei Argumente:</p><ul><li><code>offset</code>: Die Position (in Bytes), an der mit der Rückgabe von Kontodaten begonnen werden soll</li><li><code>length</code>: Die Anzahl der Bytes, die zurückgegeben werden sollen</li></ul><p><code>dataSlice</code>ist besonders nützlich, wenn wir Abfragen für einen großen Datensatz ausführen, uns aber nicht um die Kontodaten selbst kümmern. Ein Beispiel dafür wäre, wenn wir die Anzahl der Token-Konten (d. h. die Anzahl der Token-Inhaber) für eine bestimmte Token-Münze ermitteln wollten.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust Client</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">cURL</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getProgramAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// new PublicKey("TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA")</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n dataSlice<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n length<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n filters<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n dataSize<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">165</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n memcmp<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n bytes<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// base58 encoded string</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Found </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> token account(s) for mint </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token constant\">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n // Output (notice the empty <Buffer > at acccount.data)\n \n Found 3 token account(s) for mint BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf\n [\n {\n account: {\n data: <Buffer >,\n executable: false,\n lamports: 2039280,\n owner: [PublicKey],\n rentEpoch: 228\n },\n pubkey: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: a8aca7a3132e74db2ca37bfcd66f4450f4631a5464b62fffbd83c48ef814d8d7>\n }\n },\n {\n account: {\n data: <Buffer >,\n executable: false,\n lamports: 2039280,\n owner: [PublicKey],\n rentEpoch: 228\n },\n pubkey: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: ce3b7b906c2ff6c6b62dc4798136ec017611078443918b2fad1cadff3c2e0448>\n }\n },\n {\n account: {\n data: <Buffer >,\n executable: false,\n lamports: 2039280,\n owner: [PublicKey],\n rentEpoch: 228\n },\n pubkey: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: d4560e42cb24472b0e1203ff4b0079d6452b19367b701643fa4ac33e0501cb1>\n }\n }\n ]\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n <span class=\"token namespace\">rpc_filter<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcFilterType</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Memcmp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MemcmpEncoding</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">rpc_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_account_decoder<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">UiDataSliceConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"http://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> filters <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token macro property\">vec!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcFilterType</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Memcmp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Memcmp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcFilterType</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataSize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">165</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_program_accounts_with_config</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">spl_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token constant\">ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n filters<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n data_slice<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">UiDataSliceConfig</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n offset<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n length<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n encoding<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Base64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n commitment<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">default</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Found {:?} token account(s) for mint {MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS}: "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"{:#?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/*\n// Output (notice zero `len` in `data` of `Account`s)\n\nFound 3 token account(s) for mint BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf: \n[\n (\n tofD3NzLfZ5pWG91JcnbfsAbfMcFF2SRRp3ChnjeTcL,\n Account {\n lamports: 2039280,\n data.len: 0,\n owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,\n executable: false,\n rent_epoch: 319,\n },\n ),\n (\n CMSC2GeWDsTPjfnhzCZHEqGRjKseBhrWaC2zNcfQQuGS,\n Account {\n lamports: 2039280,\n data.len: 0,\n owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,\n executable: false,\n rent_epoch: 318,\n },\n ),\n (\n Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb,\n Account {\n lamports: 2039280,\n data.len: 0,\n owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,\n executable: false,\n rent_epoch: 318,\n },\n ),\n]\n*/</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token comment\"># Note: encoding only available for "base58", "base64" or "base64+zstd"</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">curl</span> http://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com -X POST -H <span class=\"token string\">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -d <span class=\"token string\">'\n {\n "jsonrpc": "2.0",\n "id": 1,\n "method": "getProgramAccounts",\n "params": [\n "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",\n {\n "encoding": "base64",\n "dataSlice": {\n "offset": 0,\n "length": 0\n },\n "filters": [\n {\n "dataSize": 165\n },\n {\n "memcmp": {\n "offset": 0,\n "bytes": "BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"\n }\n }\n ]\n }\n ]\n }\n'</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Output:</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "jsonrpc": "2.0",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "result": [</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "account": {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "data": [</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "base64"</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># ],</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "executable": false,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># },</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "pubkey": "FqWyVSLQgyRWyG1FuUGtHdTQHrEaBzXh1y9K6uPVTRZ4"</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># },</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "account": {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "data": [</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "base64"</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># ],</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "executable": false,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "rentEpoch": 314</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># },</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "pubkey": "CMSC2GeWDsTPjfnhzCZHEqGRjKseBhrWaC2zNcfQQuGS"</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># },</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "account": {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "data": [</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "base64"</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># ],</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "executable": false,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "rentEpoch": 314</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># },</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "pubkey": "61NfACb21WvuEzxyiJoxBrivpiLQ79gLBxzFo85BiJ2U"</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># },</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "account": {</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "data": [</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "base64"</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># ],</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "executable": false,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># },</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "pubkey": "Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb"</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># }</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># ],</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># "id": 1</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># }</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Durch die Kombination aller drei Parameter (<code>dataSlice</code>, <code>dataSize</code> und <code>memcmp</code>) können wir den Umfang unserer Abfrage begrenzen und effizient nur die Daten zurückgeben, an denen wir interessiert sind.</p><h2 id=\"other-resources\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#other-resources\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Other Resources</h2><ul><li><a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#getprogramaccounts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">RPC API Dokumentation<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getProgramAccounts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Web3js Dokumentation<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getParsedProgramAccounts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">JSON-parsed Web3js Dokumentation<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 93952610+0xNyk@users.noreply.github.com\">nyk</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><!----><span class=\"next\"><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n </body>\n</html>\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":91,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de/core-concepts/accounts.html"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"de-DE\">\n <head>\n <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1\">\n <meta name=\"generator\" content=\"VuePress 2.0.0-beta.36\">\n <style>\n :root {\n --c-bg: #fff;\n }\n html.dark {\n --c-bg: #22272e;\n }\n html, body {\n background-color: var(--c-bg);\n }\n </style>\n <script>\n const userMode = localStorage.getItem('vuepress-color-scheme');\n\t\t\tconst systemDarkMode = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;\n\t\t\tif (userMode === 'dark' || (userMode !== 'light' && systemDarkMode)) 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Erfahren Sie mehr über Accounts und weitere Kernkonzepte im Solana-Kochbuch.\"><meta name=\"og:image\" content=\"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png\"><meta name=\"og:image:alt\" content=\"Solana splash card\"><meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\"><meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@solanacookbook\"><meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png\"><meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index,follow,noodp\"><meta name=\"googlebot\" content=\"index,follow\"><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/solana_cookbook_lightmode.svg\"><script data-domain=\"solanacookbook.com\" src=\"https://plausible.io/js/plausible.js\"></script><title>Accounts | Solana Cookbook</title>\n <link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\"><link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/accounts.html.05949c32.js\"><link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/accounts.html.369da584.js\">\n <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"/assets/style.fecd2c41.css\">\n 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style=\"display:none;\" class=\"navbar-dropdown\"><!--[--><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"English\"><!--[--><!--]--> English <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/zh/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"中文（简体）\"><!--[--><!--]--> 中文（简体） <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/es/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Spanish\"><!--[--><!--]--> Spanish <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/pt/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Português\"><!--[--><!--]--> Português <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active\" aria-label=\"Deutsch\"><!--[--><!--]--> Deutsch <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a 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href=\"/ja/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"日本語\"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Für Beginner <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kochen mit Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kochen mit Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Installation\"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html#fakten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Fakten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Fakten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html#deep-dive\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Deep Dive\"><!--[--><!--]--> Deep Dive <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html#accounts-model\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts Model\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts Model <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html#miete\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Miete\"><!--[--><!--]--> Miete <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html#andere-ressourcen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Andere Ressourcen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Andere Ressourcen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html#credit\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Credit\"><!--[--><!--]--> Credit <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"accounts\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#accounts\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Accounts</h1><p>Accounts innerhalb von Solana werden zum Speichern des Zustands verwendet. Sie sind ein wesentlicher Baustein für die Entwicklung auf Solana.</p><h2 id=\"fakten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#fakten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Fakten</h2><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>Accounts werden genutzt um Daten zu speichern</li><li>Jedes Konto hat eine eindeutige (einmalig vorhandene) Adresse</li><li>Accounts haben eine maximale Größe von 10MB (10 Mega Bytes)</li><li>PDA Accounts haben eine maximale Größe von 10KB (10 Kilo Bytes)</li><li>PDA Accounts können verwendet werden, um im Namen eines Programms zu signieren</li><li>Accountgrößen sind bei erstellung festgelegt, können aber mit <a href=\"https://solanacookbook.com/references/programs.html#how-to-change-account-size\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">realloc<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> angepasst werden</li><li>Für Accountsdatenspeicher wird "Miete" gezahlt (in SOL)</li><li>Der Standard-Accounts-Besitzer ist das Systemprogramm</li></ul></div><h2 id=\"deep-dive\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#deep-dive\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Deep Dive</h2><h3 id=\"accounts-model\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#accounts-model\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Accounts Model</h3><p>Auf Solana gibt es 3 Arten von Accounts:</p><ul><li>Daten Accounts speichern Daten</li><li>Program Accounts speichern ausführbare Programme</li><li>Native Accounts die native Programme auf Solana angeben (wie z.B. System, Stake, und Vote )</li></ul><p>Es gibt 2 Arten von Daten Accounts:</p><ul><li>Systemeigene Accounts</li><li>PDA-Accounts (Program Derived Address).</li></ul><p>Jedes Konto hat eine Adresse (normalerweise einen öffentlichen Schlüssel) und einen Besitzer (Adresse eines Programmkontos). Die vollständige Feldliste speichert ein Konto ist unten zu finden.</p><table><thead><tr><th>Feld</th><th>Beschreibung</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lamports</td><td>Die Anzahl der Lamports im Besitz dieses Kontos</td></tr><tr><td>owner</td><td>Der Programmbesitzer dieses Kontos</td></tr><tr><td>executable</td><td>Ob dieses Konto Anweisungen verarbeiten kann</td></tr><tr><td>data</td><td>Das Rohdaten-Byte-Array, das von diesem Konto gespeichert wird</td></tr><tr><td>rent_epoch</td><td>Die nächste Epoche, in der dieses Konto Miete schuldet</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Es gibt ein paar wichtige Eigentumsregeln:</p><ul><li>Nur der Besitzer eines Datenkontos kann seine Daten ändern und Lamports belasten</li><li>Jeder darf Lamports auf ein Datenkonto gutschreiben</li><li>Der Inhaber eines Kontos kann einen neuen Inhaber zuweisen, wenn die Daten des Kontos auf Null gesetzt werden</li></ul><p>ProgrammAccounts speichern keinen Status.</p><p>Wenn Du beispielsweise ein Zählerprogramm hast, mit dem Du einen Zähler erhöhen kannst, musst Du zwei Accounts erstellen - ein Konto zum Speichern des Programmcodes und eines zum Speichern der Zähler.</p><p><img src=\"/assets/account_example.5b70d95a.jpeg\" alt=\"\"></p><p>Um zu verhindern, dass ein Konto gelöscht wird, müssen Sie Miete zahlen.</p><h3 id=\"miete\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#miete\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Miete</h3><p>Daten auf Accounts zu speichern kostet SOL - diese Zahlung wird Miete genannt. Wenn du eine Mindesteinzahlung von 2 Jahren Miete tätigst, wird dein Account von zukünftiger Miete befreit. Du kannst vorausgezahlte Miete durch schließen von Accounts zurück in deine Wallet bekommen.</p><p>Die Miete wird zu zwei verschiedenen Zeitpunkten gezahlt:</p><ol><li>Wenn es von einer Transaktion referenziert wird</li><li>Einmal pro Epoche</li></ol><p>Ein Teil der über Accounts eingezogenen Miete wird vernichtet, während der Rest verteilt wird Accounts am Ende jedes Slots zu bestimmen.</p><p>Reicht das Konto nicht aus, um die Miete zu zahlen, wird das Konto aufgelöst und die Daten ENTFERNT.</p><p>Wichtig ist auch zu beachten, dass NeuAccounts mietfrei sein müssen.</p><h2 id=\"andere-ressourcen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#andere-ressourcen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Andere Ressourcen</h2><ul><li><a href=\"https://solana.wiki/zh-cn/docs/de/account-model/#account-storage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solana Accounts Model<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Official Documentation<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://twitter.com/pencilflip/status/1452402100470644739\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pencilflip account thread<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><h3 id=\"credit\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#credit\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Credit</h3><p>Dieses Kernkonzept wird Pencilflip zugeschrieben. <a href=\"https://twitter.com/intent/user?screen_name=pencilflip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Folgt ihm auf Twitter<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 93952610+0xNyk@users.noreply.github.com\">nyk</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><!----><span class=\"next\"><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n </body>\n</html>\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":92,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de/core-concepts/pdas.html"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html 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class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html#fakten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Fakten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Fakten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html#deep-dive\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Deep Dive\"><!--[--><!--]--> Deep Dive <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html#generating-pdas\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Generating PDAs\"><!--[--><!--]--> Generating PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html#interaktion-mit-pdas\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit PDAs\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html#andere-quellen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Andere Quellen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Andere Quellen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"programm-eigene-adressen-pdas\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#programm-eigene-adressen-pdas\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Programm-eigene-Adressen (PDAs)</h1><p>Program-eigene-Adressen (PDAs) sind das zu Hause von Accounts die dazu designed sind, um von einem bestimmten Programm kontrolliert bzw. gesteuert zu werden. Mit PDAs können Programme programmgesteuert für bestimmte Adressen signieren, ohne einen privaten Schlüssel zu benötigen. PDAs dienen als Grundlage für <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#cross-program-invocations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cross-Program Invocation<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>, wodurch Solana-Apps miteinander kombinierbar sind.</p><h2 id=\"fakten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#fakten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Fakten</h2><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>PDAs sind 32-Byte-Strings, die wie öffentliche Schlüssel aussehen, aber keine entsprechenden privaten Schlüssel haben</li><li><code>findProgramAddress</code> wird einen PDA deterministisch aus einer programId und Seeds (Sammlung von Bytes) ableiten</li><li>Ein Bump (ein Byte) wird verwendet, um einen potenziellen PDA von der elliptischen Kurve ed25519 zu schieben</li><li>Programme können für ihre PDAs signieren, indem sie die Seeds und Bump bereitstellen <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-signed-accounts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">invoke_signed<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Ein PDA kann nur von dem Programm signiert werden, von dem es abgeleitet wurde</li><li>PDAs ermöglichen es Programmen nicht nur, verschiedene Anweisungen zu signieren, sondern bieten auch eine Hashmap-ähnliche Schnittstelle um <a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"\">Accounts zu indexieren</a></li></ul></div><h2 id=\"deep-dive\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#deep-dive\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Deep Dive</h2><p>PDAs sind ein wesentlicher Baustein für die Entwicklung von Programmen auf Solana. Mit PDAs können Programme für Accounts signieren und gleichzeitig sicherstellen, dass kein externer Benutzer auch eine gültige Signatur für dasselbe Konto erstellen kann. Zusätzlich zum Signieren von Accounts können bestimmte Programme auch Accounts ändern, die auf ihren PDAs geführt werden.</p><p><img src=\"/assets/account-matrix.c3a79f80.png\" alt=\"Accounts matrix\"></p><p><small style=\"text-align:center;display:block;\">Bildausschnit von <a href=\"https://twitter.com/pencilflip\">Pencilflip</a></small></p><h3 id=\"generating-pdas\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#generating-pdas\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Generating PDAs</h3><p>Um das Konzept hinter PDAs zu verstehen, kann es hilfreich sein zu bedenken, dass PDAs nicht technisch erstellt, sondern eher gefunden werden. PDAs werden aus einer Kombination von Seeds (z. B. der Zeichenfolge „vote_account““) und einer Programm-ID generiert. Diese Kombination aus Seeds und Programm-ID wird dann durch eine sha256-Hash-Funktion geleitet, um zu sehen, ob sie einen öffentlichen Schlüssel generieren, der auf der elliptischen Kurve ed25519 liegt.</p><p><img src=\"/assets/pda-curve.7c0b9307.png\" alt=\"PDA on the ellipitic curve\"></p><h3 id=\"interaktion-mit-pdas\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#interaktion-mit-pdas\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Interaktion mit PDAs</h3><p>Wenn ein PDA generiert wird, gibt <code>findProgramAddress</code> sowohl die Adresse als auch den Bump zurück, der verwendet wird, um die Adresse aus der elliptischen Kurve zu entfernen. Mit diesem Bump bewaffnet, kann ein Programm dann für jede Anweisung, die seinen PDA erfordert, <a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html#sign-with-a-pda\" class=\"\">signieren</a>. Um zu signieren, sollten Programme die Anweisung, die Liste der Accounts und die Seeds und Bump, die verwendet werden, um den PDA abzuleiten, an „invoke_signed“ übergeben. Zusätzlich zum Signieren von Anweisungen müssen PDAs auch für ihre eigene Erstellung über "invoke_signed" signieren.</p><p>Beim Bauen mit PDAs ist es üblich, <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-program-library/blob/78e29e9238e555967b9125799d7d420d7d12b959/token-swap/program/src/state.rs#L100\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">den Bump Seed in den Kontodaten selbst zu speichern<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>. Auf diese Weise können Entwickler einen PDA einfach validieren, ohne den Bump als Anweisungsargument übergeben zu müssen.having to pass in the bump as an instruction argument.</p><h2 id=\"andere-quellen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#andere-quellen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Andere Quellen</h2><ul><li><a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-derived-addresses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Offizielle Dokumentation<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://www.brianfriel.xyz/understanding-program-derived-addresses/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Programmeigene Accounts verstehen<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 93952610+0xNyk@users.noreply.github.com\">nyk</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n </body>\n</html>\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":93,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/de/core-concepts/programs.html"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"de-DE\">\n <head>\n <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1\">\n <meta name=\"generator\" content=\"VuePress 2.0.0-beta.36\">\n <style>\n :root {\n --c-bg: #fff;\n }\n html.dark {\n --c-bg: #22272e;\n }\n html, body {\n background-color: var(--c-bg);\n }\n </style>\n <script>\n const userMode = localStorage.getItem('vuepress-color-scheme');\n\t\t\tconst systemDarkMode = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;\n\t\t\tif (userMode === 'dark' || (userMode !== 'light' && systemDarkMode)) {\n\t\t\t\tdocument.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', true);\n\t\t\t}\n </script>\n <meta name=\"title\" content=\"Solana Cookbook | Programme\"><meta name=\"og:title\" content=\"Solana Cookbook | Programme\"><meta name=\"description\" content=\"Programme (also known as smart contracts) serve as the foundation for on-chain activity. 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class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html#facts\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Facts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Facts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html#deep-dive\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Deep Dive\"><!--[--><!--]--> Deep Dive <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html#native-programme-die-solana-programm-bibliothek-spl-solana-program-library\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Native Programme & Die Solana Programm Bibliothek (SPL - Solana Program Library)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Native Programme & Die Solana Programm Bibliothek (SPL - Solana Program Library) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html#writing-programs\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Writing Programs\"><!--[--><!--]--> Writing Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html#bereitstellen-von-programmen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bereitstellen von Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bereitstellen von Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html#weitere-quellen\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Weitere Quellen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Weitere Quellen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"programme\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#programme\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Programme</h1><p>Jeder Entwickler kann Programme für die Solana-Blockchain schreiben und bereitstellen. Das Programm (in anderen Protokollen als Smart Contracts bekannt) dient als Grundlage für On-Chain-Aktivitäten und treibt alles an, von DeFi und NFTs bis hin zu Social Media und Gaming.</p><h2 id=\"facts\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#facts\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Facts</h2><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>Programme verarbeiten <a href=\"./transactions\">Aneweisungen</a> sowohl von Endbenutzern als auch von anderen Programmen</li><li>Alle Programme sind <em>zustandslos</em> (<em>stateless</em>): Alle Daten, mit denen sie interagieren, werden in separaten <a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"\">Konten</a> gespeichert, die über Anweisungen gegeben werden.</li><li>Programme selbst werden in Konten gespeichert, die als "ausführbar" gekennzeichnet sind</li><li>Alle Programme gehören dem <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BPF Loader<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> und werden von der <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solana Runtime<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> ausgeführt</li><li>Entwickler schreiben am häufigsten Programme in Rust oder C++, können aber jede Sprache wählen, die auf das <a href=\"https://llvm.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">LLVM<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>'s <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley_Packet_Filter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BPF<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> Backend abziehlt</li><li>Alle Programme haben einen einzigen Einstiegspunkt, an dem die Befehlsverarbeitung stattfindet (i.e. <code>process_instruction</code>); Parameter beinhalten immer: <ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul></li></ul></div><h2 id=\"deep-dive\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#deep-dive\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Deep Dive</h2><p>Im Gegensatz zu den meisten anderen Blockchains trennt Solana Code vollständig von Daten. Alle Daten, mit denen Programme interagieren, werden in separaten Konten gespeichert und als Referenzen über Anweisungen weitergegeben. Dieses Modell ermöglicht es, dass ein einziges generisches Programm über verschiedene Konten läuft, ohne dass zusätzliche Bereitstellungen (Deployments) erforderlich sind. Übliche Beispiele für dieses Muster finden sich in den Native- und SPL-Programmen.</p><h3 id=\"native-programme-die-solana-programm-bibliothek-spl-solana-program-library\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#native-programme-die-solana-programm-bibliothek-spl-solana-program-library\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Native Programme & Die Solana Programm Bibliothek (SPL - Solana Program Library)</h3><p>Solana ist mit einer Reihe von Programmen ausgestattet, die als Kernbausteine für On-Chain-Interaktionen dienen. Diese Programme sind unterteilt in <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Native Programme<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> und <a href=\"https://spl.solana.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solana Programm (SPL) Bibliotheken<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Native Programme stellen die Basisfunktionalität bereit, die für den Betrieb von Validatoren erforderlich ist. Unter diesen Programmen ist das bekannteste das <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">System Programm<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>, welches für die Verwaltung neuer Konten und die Übertragung von SOL zwischen zwei Parteien verantwortlich ist.</p><p>SPL-Programme unterstützen eine Reihe von On-Chain-Aktivitäten, darunter das Erstellen, Tauschen und Verleihen von Token sowie die Generierung von Stake-Pools und die Aufrechterhaltung eines On-Chain-Namensdienstes. Das <a href=\"https://spl.solana.com/token\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SPL Token Program<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> an direkt über die CLI aufgerufen werden, während andere wie das <a href=\"https://spl.solana.com/associated-token-account\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">verbundene Token-Kontoprogramm<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> werden normalerweise mit benutzerdefinierten Programmen zusammengestellt.</p><h3 id=\"writing-programs\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#writing-programs\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Writing Programs</h3><p>Programme werden am häufigsten mit Rust oder C++ entwickelt, können aber mit jeder Sprache entwickelt werden, die auf das BPF-Backend des LLVM abzielt. Jüngste Initiativen von <a href=\"https://neon-labs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Neon Labs<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> und <a href=\"https://solang.readthedocs.io/en/latest/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solang<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> ermöglichen jedoch <a href=\"https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/evm/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EVM<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> Kompatibilität und ermöglichen es Entwicklern, Programme in Solidity zu schreiben.</p><p>Die meisten Rust-basierten Programme halten sich an die folgende Architektur:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Datei</th><th>Beschreibung</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lib.rs</td><td>Module registrieren</td></tr><tr><td>entrypoint.rs</td><td>Einstieg ins Programm</td></tr><tr><td>instruction.rs</td><td>Programm-API, (De-)Serialisierung von Befehlsdaten</td></tr><tr><td>processor.rs</td><td>Programmlogik</td></tr><tr><td>state.rs</td><td>Programmobjekte, (De-)Serialisierungszustand</td></tr><tr><td>error.rs</td><td>Programmspezifische Fehler</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Kürzlich hat sich <a href=\"https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Anchor<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> zu einem beliebten Framework für die Entwicklung von Programmen entwickelt. Anchor ist ein rechthaberisches Framework, ähnlich wie Ruby on Rails, das Boilerplates reduziert und den (De-)Serialisierungsprozess für die Rust-basierte Entwicklung rationalisiert.</p><p>Programme werden normalerweise entwickelt und in Localhost- und Devnet-Umgebungen getestet, bevor sie auf Testnet oder Mainnet bereitgestellt werden. Solana unterstützt die folgenden Umgebungen:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Cluster-Umgebung</th><th>RPC Verbindungs URL</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Mainnet-beta</td><td>https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Testnet</td><td>https://api.testnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Devnet</td><td>https://api.devnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Localhost</td><td>Default port: 8899 (e.g. http://localhost:8899, http://192.168.1.88:8899)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Nach der Bereitstellung in einer Umgebung können Clients mit On-Chain-Programmen über <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">RPC Verbindungen<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> mit dem jeweiligen Cluster interagieren.</p><h3 id=\"bereitstellen-von-programmen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bereitstellen-von-programmen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bereitstellen von Programmen</h3><p>Entwickler können ihre Programme über die <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/cli/deploy-a-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CLI<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> bereitstellen:</p><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana program deploy <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>PROGRAM_FILEPATH<span class=\"token operator\">></span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p>Wenn ein Programm bereitgestellt wird, wird es zu einem <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ELF shared object<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> kompiliert und in den Solana-Cluster hochgeladen. Programme befinden sich in Konten (ähnlich wie alles andere auf Solana), außer dass diese Konten als „ausführbar“ markiert und dem BPF Loader zugewiesen sind. Die Adresse dieses Kontos wird als „program_id“ bezeichnet und wird verwendet, um bei allen zukünftigen Transaktionen auf das Programm zu verweisen.</p><p>Solana unterstützt mehrere BPF Loader, wobei der neueste der <a href=\"https://explorer.solana.com/address/BPFLoaderUpgradeab1e11111111111111111111111\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">aktualisierbare BPF Lader<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>. Der BPF Loader ist dafür verantwortlich, das Konto des Programms zu verwalten und es den Clients über die „program_id“ zur Verfügung zu stellen. Alle Programme haben einen einzigen Einstiegspunkt, an dem die Befehlsverarbeitung stattfindet (d. h. „process_instruction“), und die Parameter beinhalten immer:</p><ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul><p>Einmal aufgerufen, werden Programme von der Solana-Laufzeit ausgeführt.</p><h2 id=\"weitere-quellen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#weitere-quellen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Weitere Quellen</h2><ul><li><a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/on-chain-programs/overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Offizielle Dokumentation<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://spl.solana.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SPL Dokumentation<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://jstarry.notion.site/Program-deploys-29780c48794c47308d5f138074dd9838\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Programm-Bereitstellung von Justin Starry<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://book.solmeet.dev/notes/solana-starter-kit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solana Starter Kit von Iron Addicted Dog<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://paulx.dev/blog/2021/01/14/programming-on-solana-an-introduction/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Programmierung auf Solana by Paulx<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eine Einführung in die Solana Blockchain von Hana<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Anchor<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span 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tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Fundamentale Konzepte <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html#fakten\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Fakten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Fakten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html#deep-dive\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Deep Dive\"><!--[--><!--]--> Deep Dive <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html#gebuhren\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Gebühren\"><!--[--><!--]--> Gebühren <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/de/core-concepts/transactions.html#other-resources\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Other Resources\"><!--[--><!--]--> Other Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/de/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmabgeleitete Adressen (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programmkonten Abfragen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmkonten Abfragen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisieren von Daten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisieren von Daten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrieren von Programmdatenkonten <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Kontozuordnungen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontozuordnungen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debuggen von Solana-Programmen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debuggen von Solana-Programmen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Funktionsparitätstest\"><!--[--><!--]--> Funktionsparitätstest <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referenzen <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/de/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Local Development\"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs and Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaktionen versenden\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaktionen versenden <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Accounts\"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Programme schreiben\"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme schreiben <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaktion mit Tokens\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaktion mit Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFTs\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Senden von Offline-Transaktionen\"><!--[--><!--]--> Senden von Offline-Transaktionen <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/de/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"transaktionen\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#transaktionen\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Transaktionen</h1><p>Clients können <a href=\"/de/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"\">Programme</a> durch Senden einer Transaktion an einen Cluster aufrufen. Eine einzelne Transaktion kann mehrere Answeisungen beinhalten - jedes zielt auf sein eigenes Programm ab. Wenn eine Transaktion übermittelt wird, verarbeitet der Solana <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Runtime<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> seine Anweisungen der Reihe nach und atomar. Wenn ein Teil einer Anweisung fehlschlägt, schlägt die gesamte Transaktion fehl.</p><h2 id=\"fakten\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#fakten\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Fakten</h2><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>Anweisungen sind die grundlegendste operative Einheit auf Solana</li><li>Jede Anweisung enthält:</li><li>Die <code>program_id</code> des beabsichtigten Programms <ul><li>Ein Array aller <code>Accounts</code>, von denen gelesen oder in die geschrieben werden soll</li><li>Ein "instruction_data"-Byte-Array, das für das vorgesehene Programm spezifisch ist</li></ul></li><li>Mehrere Anweisungen können zu einer einzigen Transaktion gebündelt werden</li><li>Jede Transaktion enthält: <ul><li>Ein Array aller <code>Accounts</code>, von denen gelesen oder in die geschrieben werden soll</li><li>Eine oder mehrere <code>Anweisungen</code></li><li>Ein neuer <code>Blockhash</code></li><li>Eine oder mehrere „Signaturen“.</li></ul></li><li>Anweisungen werden der Reihe nach und atomar verarbeitet</li><li>Wenn ein Teil einer Anweisung fehlschlägt, schlägt die gesamte Transaktion fehl.</li><li>Transaktionen sind auf 1232 Bytes begrenzt</li></ul></div><h2 id=\"deep-dive\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#deep-dive\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Deep Dive</h2><p>Die Solana-Laufzeit erfordert sowohl Anweisungen als auch Transaktionen, um eine Liste aller Accounts anzugeben, von denen sie lesen oder in die sie schreiben möchten. Indem diese Accounts im Voraus angefordert werden, ist die Laufzeit in der Lage, die Ausführung über alle Transaktionen hinweg zu parallelisieren.</p><p>Wenn eine Transaktion an einen Cluster übermittelt wird, verarbeitet die Laufzeitumgebung ihre Anweisungen der Reihe nach und atomar. Für jede Anweisung interpretiert das empfangende Programm sein Datenarray und verarbeitet seine angegebenen Accounts. Das Programm kehrt entweder erfolgreich oder mit einem Fehlercode zurück. Wenn ein Fehler zurückgegeben wird, schlägt die gesamte Transaktion sofort fehl.</p><p>Jede Transaktion, die darauf abzielt, ein Konto zu belasten oder seine Daten zu ändern, erfordert die Unterschrift seines Kontoinhabers. Jedes Konto, das geändert wird, wird als „beschreibbar“ markiert. Ein Konto kann ohne Zustimmung des Inhabers gutgeschrieben werden, solange der Zahler der Transaktionsgebühr die erforderlichen Mieten und Transaktionsgebühren trägt.</p><p>Vor der Übermittlung, müssen alle Transaktionen auf einen <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions#recent-blockhash\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">aktuellen blockhash<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> verweisen. Der Blockhash wird verwendet, um Duplizierungen zu verhindern und veraltete Transaktionen zu beseitigen. Das maximale Alter des Blockhashs einer Transaktion beträgt 150 Blöcke oder etwa 1 Minute 19 Sekunden zum Zeitpunkt des Schreibens dieses Artikels.</p><h3 id=\"gebuhren\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#gebuhren\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Gebühren</h3><p>Das Solana-Netzwerk erhebt zwei Arten von Gebühren:</p><ul><li><a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/transaction_fees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Transaktionsgebühren<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> zur Verbreitung der Transaktion (auch bekannt als „Gasgebühren“)</li><li><a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mietgebühren<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> zum Speichern von Daten in der Kette</li></ul><p>In Solana sind Transaktionsgebühren deterministisch: Es gibt kein Konzept für einen Gebührenmarkt, auf dem Benutzer höhere Gebühren zahlen können, um ihre Chancen zu erhöhen, in den nächsten Block aufgenommen zu werden. Zum Zeitpunkt der Erstellung dieses Artikels werden die Transaktionsgebühren nur durch die Anzahl der erforderlichen Unterschriften (d. h. „lamports_per_signature“) bestimmt, nicht durch die Menge der verwendeten Ressourcen. Dies liegt daran, dass derzeit für alle Transaktionen eine feste Obergrenze von 1232 Bytes gilt.</p><p>Alle Transaktionen erfordern mindestens ein „beschreibbares“ Konto, um die Transaktion zu signieren. Nach der Übermittlung ist das zuerst serialisierte Konto des beschreibbaren Unterzeichners der Gebührenzahler. Dieses Konto zahlt für die Kosten der Transaktion, unabhängig davon, ob die Transaktion erfolgreich ist oder fehlschlägt. Wenn der Gebührenzahler nicht über ein ausreichendes Guthaben verfügt, um die Transaktionsgebühr zu bezahlen, wird die Transaktion abgebrochen.</p><p>Zum Zeitpunkt der Erstellung dieses Artikels werden 50 % aller Transaktionsgebühren von dem Validator eingezogen, der den Block produziert, während die restlichen 50 % verbrannt werden. Diese Struktur dient dazu, die Prüfer dazu anzuregen, so viele Transaktionen wie möglich während ihrer Slots im Leader-Zeitplan zu verarbeiten.</p><h2 id=\"other-resources\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#other-resources\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Other Resources</h2><ul><li><a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/Transaktionen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Offizielle Dokumentation<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://solana.wiki/docs/solidity-guide/transactions/#solana-transaction-structure\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Transaktionsstruktur<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://jstarry.notion.site/transactions-Fees-f09387e6a8d84287aa16a34ecb58e239\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Transaktionsgebühren von Justin Starry<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eine Einfühhrung in Solana von Hana<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://jito-labs.medium.com/solana-validator-101-transaction-processing-90bcdc271143\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Transaktionsverarbeitung von Jito Labs<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href=\"https://medium.com/@asmiller1989/solana-transactions-in-depth-1f7f7fe06ac2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solana-Transaktion im Detail von Alex Miller<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span 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aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Memulai <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Buku Panduan Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/#cara-untuk-berkontribusi\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Cara untuk berkontribusi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara untuk berkontribusi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/#cara-untuk-membaca-buku-panduan\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Cara untuk membaca Buku Panduan\"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara untuk membaca Buku Panduan <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/id/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Instalasi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mendapatkan Akun Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisasi Data\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrasi Akun Data Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Peta Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debug Program Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Pengujian Paritas Fitur\"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Development Lokal\"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs & Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mengirim Transaksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Menulis Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaksi dengan Token\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFT\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mengirim Transaksi Offline\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"menggunakan-buku-panduan-solana\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#menggunakan-buku-panduan-solana\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Menggunakan buku panduan Solana</h1><p>Buku panduan Solana adalah sumber daya pengembang yang memberikan konsep penting dan referensi untuk membangun aplikasi di Solana. Setiap konsep dan referensi akan fokus kepada aspek spesifik pada bidang pengembangan Solana sekaligus memberikan detail-detail dan contoh cara penggunaannya.</p><h2 id=\"cara-untuk-berkontribusi\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#cara-untuk-berkontribusi\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Cara untuk berkontribusi</h2><p>Buku panduan Solana dirancang dengan cara yang bertujuan untuk memudahkan pengembang solana yang baru untuk berkontribusi. Bahkan jika anda ingin tahu cara untuk melakukan sesuatu, berkontribusi pada buku panduan Solana adalah cara yang baik untuk belajar.</p><p>Cek link berikut untuk lihat semua issue yang masih aktif<a href=\"https://github.com/solana-developers/solana-cookbook/issues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>. Pedoman untuk berkontribusi <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-developers/solana-cookbook#contributing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>. Jika kamu menemukan saran yang tidak ada di buku panduan, tolong untuk menambahkan laporan isu terkait.</p><h2 id=\"cara-untuk-membaca-buku-panduan\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#cara-untuk-membaca-buku-panduan\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Cara untuk membaca Buku Panduan</h2><p>Buku Panduan Solana dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian yang berbeda, masing-masing ditujukan untuk tujuan yang berbeda.</p><table><thead><tr><th>Section</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Konsep Utama</td><td>Membangun blocks Solana yang bagus untuk diketahui untuk pengembangan</td></tr><tr><td>Panduan</td><td>Panduan detail tentang beragam tools yang berbeda untuk pengembangan</td></tr><tr><td>Referensi</td><td>Referensi untuk cuplikan kode yang umum dibutuhkan untuk pengembangan</td></tr></tbody></table><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: aziz@okadoc.com\">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><!----><span class=\"next\"><a href=\"/id/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Instalasi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n </body>\n</html>\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":96,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/id"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/id/references/staking.html"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"id-ID\">\n <head>\n <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1\">\n <meta name=\"generator\" content=\"VuePress 2.0.0-beta.36\">\n <style>\n :root {\n --c-bg: #fff;\n }\n html.dark {\n --c-bg: #22272e;\n }\n html, body {\n background-color: var(--c-bg);\n }\n </style>\n <script>\n const userMode = localStorage.getItem('vuepress-color-scheme');\n\t\t\tconst systemDarkMode = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;\n\t\t\tif (userMode === 'dark' || (userMode !== 'light' && systemDarkMode)) {\n\t\t\t\tdocument.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', true);\n\t\t\t}\n </script>\n <meta name=\"title\" content=\"Buku Panduan Solana | Staking\"><meta name=\"og:title\" content=\"Buku Panduan Solana | Staking\"><meta name=\"description\" content=\"stake SOL dan raih reward dengan membantu mengamankan jaringan.\"><meta name=\"og:description\" content=\"stake SOL dan raih reward dengan membantu mengamankan jaringan. Belajar tentang cara membuat Akun Stake, Delegate State dan Withdraw Stake di Buku Panduan Solana.\"><meta name=\"og:image\" content=\"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png\"><meta name=\"og:image:alt\" content=\"Solana splash card\"><meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\"><meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"“@solanacookbook”\"><meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"“https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png”\"><meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index,follow,noodp\"><meta name=\"googlebot\" content=\"index,follow\"><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/solana_cookbook_lightmode.svg\"><script data-domain=\"solanacookbook.com\" src=\"https://plausible.io/js/plausible.js\"></script><title>Staking | Buku Panduan Solana</title>\n <link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\"><link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/staking.html.e8c26eca.js\"><link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/staking.html.04e151a8.js\">\n <link rel=\"stylesheet\" 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class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/references/staking.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Memulai <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Buku Panduan Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Instalasi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mendapatkan Akun Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisasi Data\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrasi Akun Data Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Peta Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debug Program Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Pengujian Paritas Fitur\"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Development Lokal\"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs & Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mengirim Transaksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Menulis Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaksi dengan Token\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/staking.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/staking.html#mendapatkan-validators\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mendapatkan Validators\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Validators <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/staking.html#membuat-stake-account\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Membuat Stake Account\"><!--[--><!--]--> Membuat Stake Account <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/staking.html#mendelegasi-stake\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mendelegasi Stake\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendelegasi Stake <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/staking.html#mendapatkan-delegator-dengan-validator\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mendapatkan Delegator dengan Validator\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Delegator dengan Validator <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/staking.html#deactivate-stake\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Deactivate Stake\"><!--[--><!--]--> Deactivate Stake <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/staking.html#withdraw-stake\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Withdraw Stake\"><!--[--><!--]--> Withdraw Stake <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFT\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mengirim Transaksi Offline\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"staking\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#staking\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Staking</h1><h2 id=\"mendapatkan-validators\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#mendapatkan-validators\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Mendapatkan Validators</h2><p>Kita bisa stake SOL dan mendapatkan rewards dari membantu menjaga keamanan network. Untuk melakukan staking, kita mendelegasi SOL kepada para validator yang selanjutnya memproses transaksi.</p><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get all validators, categorized by current (i.e. active) and deliquent (i.e. inactive)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> delinquent <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getVoteAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"current validators: "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"all validators: "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">concat</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>delinquent<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br></div></div><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana validators\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><h2 id=\"membuat-stake-account\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#membuat-stake-account\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Membuat Stake Account</h2><p>Semua instruksi staking ditangani oleh <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#stake-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stake Program<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>. Untuk memulai, kita membuat sebuah <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/staking/stake-accounts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stake Account<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> yang dibuat dan dikelola secara berbeda daripada <a href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#create-a-system-account\" class=\"\">system account</a>. Khususnya, kita harus menyetel <code>Stake Authority</code> dan <code>Withdrawal Authority</code>.</p><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Authorized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Lockup<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> stakeAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> minimumRent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>space\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> amountToStake <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> minimumRent <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n authorized<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Authorized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> amountToStake<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lockup<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Lockup</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createStakeAccountTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account balance: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> SOL</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> stakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br></div></div><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n authorized<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Authorized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> amountToStake<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lockup<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Lockup</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createStakeAccountTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account balance: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> SOL</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> stakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br></div></div><h2 id=\"mendelegasi-stake\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#mendelegasi-stake\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Mendelegasi Stake</h2><p>Ketika sebuah stake account sudah didanai, <code>Stake Authority</code> dapat mendelegasinya kepada validator. Setiap stake account hanya bisa didelegasikan kepada 1 validator di suatu waktu. Selain itu, semua token di dalam account harus antara didelegasikan atau tidak didelegasikan. Ketika sudah didelegasi, dibutuhkan beberapa epoch untuk stake account menjadi aktif.</p><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Authorized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Lockup<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> stakeAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> minimumRent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>space\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> amountToStake <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> minimumRent <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n authorized<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Authorized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> amountToStake<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lockup<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Lockup</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createStakeAccountTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account balance: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> SOL</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> stakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> validators <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getVoteAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> selectedValidator <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> validators<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>current<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> selectedValidatorPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>selectedValidator<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>votePubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> delegateTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">delegate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n votePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> delegateTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> delegateTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account delegated to </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>delegateTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>\n stakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span 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class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br></div></div><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> delegateTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">delegate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n votePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> delegateTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> delegateTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account delegated to </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>delegateTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>\nstakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br></div></div><h2 id=\"mendapatkan-delegator-dengan-validator\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#mendapatkan-delegator-dengan-validator\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Mendapatkan Delegator dengan Validator</h2><p>Beberapa account mungkin telah stake ke validator account tertentu. Untuk mengambil para staker, kita akan menggunakan <code>getProgramAccounts</code> atau <code>getParsedProgramAccounts</code> API. Untuk informasi lebih, cek <a href=\"/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"\">guides section</a>. Stake account berukuran 200 bytes dan Voter Public Key dimulai dari 124 bytes. <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/e960634909a9617fb98d5d836c9c4c5e0d9d59cc/sdk/program/src/stake/state.rs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Reference<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a></p><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getParsedProgramAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n filters<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n dataSize<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">200</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n memcmp<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">124</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n bytes<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// base58 encoded string</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Accounts for program </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token constant\">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">: </span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Total number of delegators found for </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token constant\">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> is: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Sample delegator:</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">JSON</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">stringify</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n // Output\n\n Accounts for program Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111: \n Total number of delegators found for 27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x is: 184\n Sample delegator: \n {\n "account": {\n "data": {\n "parsed": {\n "info": {\n "meta": {\n "authorized": {\n "staker": "3VDVh3rHTLkNJp6FVYbuFcaihYBFCQX5VSBZk23ckDGV",\n "withdrawer": "EhYXq3ANp5nAerUpbSgd7VK2RRcxK1zNuSQ755G5Mtxx"\n },\n "lockup": {\n "custodian": "3XdBZcURF5nKg3oTZAcfQZg8XEc5eKsx6vK8r3BdGGxg",\n "epoch": 0,\n "unixTimestamp": 1822867200\n },\n "rentExemptReserve": "2282880"\n },\n "stake": {\n "creditsObserved": 58685367,\n "delegation": {\n "activationEpoch": "208",\n "deactivationEpoch": "18446744073709551615",\n "stake": "433005300621",\n "voter": "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x",\n "warmupCooldownRate": 0.25\n }\n }\n },\n "type": "delegated"\n },\n "program": "stake",\n "space": 200\n },\n "executable": false,\n "lamports": 433012149261,\n "owner": {\n "_bn": "06a1d8179137542a983437bdfe2a7ab2557f535c8a78722b68a49dc000000000"\n },\n "rentEpoch": 264\n },\n "pubkey": {\n "_bn": "0dc8b506f95e52c9ac725e714c7078799dd3268df562161411fe0916a4dc0a43"\n }\n }\n\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br></div></div><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111"</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getParsedProgramAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n filters<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n dataSize<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">200</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n memcmp<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n offset<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">124</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// number of bytes</span>\n bytes<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// base58 encoded string</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Accounts for program </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token constant\">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">: </span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Total number of delegators found for </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token constant\">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> is: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Sample delegator:</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">JSON</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">stringify</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/*\n// Output\n\n Accounts for program Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111: \n Total number of delegators found for 27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x is: 184\n Sample delegator: \n {\n "account": {\n "data": {\n "parsed": {\n "info": {\n "meta": {\n "authorized": {\n "staker": "3VDVh3rHTLkNJp6FVYbuFcaihYBFCQX5VSBZk23ckDGV",\n "withdrawer": "EhYXq3ANp5nAerUpbSgd7VK2RRcxK1zNuSQ755G5Mtxx"\n },\n "lockup": {\n "custodian": "3XdBZcURF5nKg3oTZAcfQZg8XEc5eKsx6vK8r3BdGGxg",\n "epoch": 0,\n "unixTimestamp": 1822867200\n },\n "rentExemptReserve": "2282880"\n },\n "stake": {\n "creditsObserved": 58685367,\n "delegation": {\n "activationEpoch": "208",\n "deactivationEpoch": "18446744073709551615",\n "stake": "433005300621",\n "voter": "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x",\n "warmupCooldownRate": 0.25\n }\n }\n },\n "type": "delegated"\n },\n "program": "stake",\n "space": 200\n },\n "executable": false,\n "lamports": 433012149261,\n "owner": {\n "_bn": "06a1d8179137542a983437bdfe2a7ab2557f535c8a78722b68a49dc000000000"\n },\n "rentEpoch": 264\n },\n "pubkey": {\n "_bn": "0dc8b506f95e52c9ac725e714c7078799dd3268df562161411fe0916a4dc0a43"\n }\n }\n \n*/</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br></div></div><h2 id=\"deactivate-stake\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#deactivate-stake\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Deactivate Stake</h2><p>Kapan pun setelah suatu stake account didelegasi, <code>Stake Authority</code> bisa memilih untuk deactivate account. Deactivation bisa memakan waktu yang cukup lama, dan dibutuhkan sebelum SOL bisa di-withdraw.</p><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Authorized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Lockup<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> stakeAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> minimumRent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>space\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> amountToStake <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> minimumRent <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n authorized<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Authorized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> amountToStake<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lockup<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Lockup</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createStakeAccountTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account balance: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> SOL</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> stakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> validators <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getVoteAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> selectedValidator <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> validators<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>current<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> selectedValidatorPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>selectedValidator<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>votePubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> delegateTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">delegate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n votePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> delegateTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> delegateTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account delegated to </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>delegateTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>\n stakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> deactivateTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">deactivate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> deactivateTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n deactivateTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>deactivateTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.</span>\n stakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br></div></div><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> deactivateTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">deactivate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> deactivateTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n deactivateTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>deactivateTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.</span>\nstakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><h2 id=\"withdraw-stake\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#withdraw-stake\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Withdraw Stake</h2><p>Ketika account sudah di-deactivate, <code>Withdrawal Authority</code> bisa withdraw SOL kembali ke system account. Saat sebuah stake account sudah tidak didelegasi dan memiliki saldo 0 SOL, account tersebut akan dihancurkan.</p><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Authorized<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Lockup<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> stakeAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> minimumRent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>space\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> amountToStake <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> minimumRent <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n authorized<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Authorized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> amountToStake<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lockup<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Lockup</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createStakeAccountTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account balance: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> SOL</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> stakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> validators <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getVoteAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> selectedValidator <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> validators<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>current<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> selectedValidatorPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>selectedValidator<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>votePubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> delegateTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">delegate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n votePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> delegateTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> delegateTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account delegated to </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>delegateTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>\n stakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> deactivateTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">deactivate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> deactivateTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n deactivateTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>deactivateTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.</span>\n stakeStatus <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getStakeActivation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account status: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeStatus<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>state<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Once deactivated, we can withdraw our SOL back to our main wallet</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> withdrawTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">withdraw</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeBalance<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Withdraw the full balance at the time of the transaction</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> withdrawTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> withdrawTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account withdrawn. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>withdrawTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Confirm that our stake account balance is now 0</span>\n stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account balance: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> SOL</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span 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class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">104</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">105</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">106</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">107</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">108</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">109</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">110</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">111</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">112</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">113</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">114</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">115</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">116</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">117</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">118</span><br></div></div><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// Once deactivated, we can withdraw our SOL back to our main wallet</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> withdrawTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> StakeProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">withdraw</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n stakePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n authorizedPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> stakeBalance<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Withdraw the full balance at the time of the transaction</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> withdrawTxId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> withdrawTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account withdrawn. Tx Id: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>withdrawTxId<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Confirm that our stake account balance is now 0</span>\nstakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>stakeAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Stake account balance: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>stakeBalance <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> SOL</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span 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check jika sebuah public key telah terhubung dengan sebuah private key\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara untuk check jika sebuah public key telah terhubung dengan sebuah private key <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#bagaimana-cara-membuat-mnemonic-phrase\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara membuat mnemonic phrase\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara membuat mnemonic phrase <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#bagaimana-cara-restore-sebuah-keypair-dari-sebuah-mnemonic-phrase\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara restore sebuah Keypair dari sebuah mnemonic phrase\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara restore sebuah Keypair dari sebuah mnemonic phrase <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-vanity-address\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah vanity address\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah vanity address <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#bagaimana-cara-untuk-sign-dan-menverifikasi-messages-dalam-wallet\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara untuk sign dan menverifikasi messages dalam wallet\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara untuk sign dan menverifikasi messages dalam wallet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#bagaimana-cara-mengkoneksi-ke-sebuah-wallet\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara mengkoneksi ke sebuah wallet\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara mengkoneksi ke sebuah wallet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#react\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"React\"><!--[--><!--]--> React <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#vue\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Vue\"><!--[--><!--]--> Vue <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#svelte\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Svelte\"><!--[--><!--]--> Svelte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mengirim Transaksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Menulis Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaksi dengan Token\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFT\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mengirim Transaksi Offline\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"keypairs-wallets\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#keypairs-wallets\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Keypairs & Wallets</h1><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-keypair-baru\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-keypair-baru\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah Keypair baru</h2><p>Banyak action-action yang dapat anda ambil dari beragam Solana libaries memerlukan sebuah Keypair atau Wallet. Jika anda terhubung dengan sebuah wallet, anda tidak perlu khawatir. Namun, jika anda memerlukan sebuah keypair, and perlu meng-generatenya.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">C++</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Keypair <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n\nkeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// clang++ generate_keypair.cpp -o generate_keypair -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana.hpp"</span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">using</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">namespace</span> many<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> public_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"public_key = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>$ solana-keygen new\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># pubkey: 9ZNTfG4NyQgxy2SWjSiQoUyBPEvXT2xo7fKc5hPYYJ7b</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-keygen new\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-me-restore-sebuah-keypair-dari-sebuah-secret\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-me-restore-sebuah-keypair-dari-sebuah-secret\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara me-restore sebuah Keypair dari sebuah secret</h2><p>Jika anda sudah mempunyai sebuah secret, anda dapat mendapatkan Keypair dari sebuah secret untuk mentest dApp anda.</p><ol><li>Dari Bytes</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">C++</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Keypair <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n\nsecret_key<span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n \nkeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>secret_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token builtin\">format</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>secret_key<span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n \nkeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>secret_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// clang++ keypair_from_seed.cpp -o keypair_from_seed -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana.hpp"</span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">using</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">namespace</span> many<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">uint8_t</span> bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n Keypair key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_seed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"Created Keypair with Public Key: "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">uint8_t</span> secret_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n<span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\nKeypair key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_seed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>secret_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> secret_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>secret_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Created keypair: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> secret_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>secret_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token comment\"># input your secret into the Keypath listed under solana config get</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token comment\"># input your secret into the Keypath listed under solana config get</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><ol start=\"2\"><li>Dari Base58 String</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Keypair <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n\nb58_string <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>\nkeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_string<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>b58_string<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token builtin\">format</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>b58_string <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>\nkeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_string<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>b58_string<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_base58_string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Created keypair: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_base58_string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-menverifikasi-sebuah-keypair\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-menverifikasi-sebuah-keypair\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara menverifikasi sebuah Keypair</h2><p>Jika anda diberikan sebuah keypair, anda dapat menverifikasi apakah secret sesuai dengan public key yang diberikan.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">C++</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> publicKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// true</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> publicKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// true</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Pubkey\n\npublic_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_string<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nkeys <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nkeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keys<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># True</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>public_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_string<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nkeys <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nkeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keys<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># True</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// clang++ verify_keypair.cpp -o verify_keypair -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana.hpp"</span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">using</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">namespace</span> many<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n PublicKey public_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">uint8_t</span> bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n Keypair key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_seed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code>PublicKey public_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">uint8_t</span> bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n<span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\nKeypair key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_seed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\nstd<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 1</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-keygen verify <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>PUBKEY<span class=\"token operator\">></span> prompt://\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-keygen verify <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>PUBKEY<span class=\"token operator\">></span> prompt://\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-untuk-check-jika-sebuah-public-key-telah-terhubung-dengan-sebuah-private-key\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-untuk-check-jika-sebuah-public-key-telah-terhubung-dengan-sebuah-private-key\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara untuk check jika sebuah public key telah terhubung dengan sebuah private key</h2><p>Dalam beberapa kasus khusus (contohnya sebuah Program Derived Address), public key mungkin tidak mempunyai sebuah private key yang terhubung. Anda dapat check hal ini dengan melihat apakah public key terdapat dalam kurva ed25519. Hanya public key yang terdapat dalam kurva yang bisa dikontrol oleh user dengan menggunakan wallet.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">C++</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Note that Keypair.generate() will always give a public key that is valid for users</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Valid public key</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">isOnCurve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Lies on the ed25519 curve and is suitable for users</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> offCurveAddress <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4BJXYkfvg37zEmBbsacZjeQDpTNx91KppxFJxRqrz48e"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Valid public key</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">isOnCurve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>offCurveAddress<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Not on the ed25519 curve, therefore not suitable for users</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> errorPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"testPubkey"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Is not a valid public key</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">isOnCurve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Pubkey\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Note that Keypair() will always give a public key that is valid for users</span>\nkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_string<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># Valid public key</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_on_curve<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># Lies on the ed25519 curve and is suitable for users</span>\n\noff_curve_address <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_string<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'4BJXYkfvg37zEmBbsacZjeQDpTNx91KppxFJxRqrz48e'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># Valid public key</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>off_curve_address<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_on_curve<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># Not on the ed25519 curve, therefore not suitable for users</span>\n\nerror_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_string<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"testPubkey"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># Is not a valid public key</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_string<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_on_curve<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\"><iostream></span></span>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\"><solana_sdk.h></span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> public_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_on_curve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> public_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\nstd<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_on_curve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">FromStr</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Note that Keypair::new() will always give a public key that is valid for users</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Valid public key</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"{:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_on_curve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Lies on the ed25519 curve and is suitable for users</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> off_curve_address <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"4BJXYkfvg37zEmBbsacZjeQDpTNx91KppxFJxRqrz48e"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Valid public key</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"{:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> off_curve_address<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_on_curve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Not on the ed25519 curve, therefore not suitable for users</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> error_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"testPubkey"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// Is not a valid public key</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"{:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_on_curve</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-membuat-mnemonic-phrase\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-membuat-mnemonic-phrase\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara membuat mnemonic phrase</h2><p>Jika anda akan membuat sebuah wallet, anda perlu untuk membuat sebuah mnemonic phrase sehingga user dapat menyimpannya sebagai sebuah backup.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bip39 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bip39"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mnemonic <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> bip39<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generateMnemonic</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mnemonic <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> bip39<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generateMnemonic</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> mnemonic <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Mnemonic\n\nmnemo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Mnemonic<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"english"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nwords <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> mnemo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>generate<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>strength<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">256</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>mnemo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Mnemonic<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"english"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nwords <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> mnemo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>generate<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>strength<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">256</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-keygen new\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-keygen new\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-restore-sebuah-keypair-dari-sebuah-mnemonic-phrase\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-restore-sebuah-keypair-dari-sebuah-mnemonic-phrase\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara restore sebuah Keypair dari sebuah mnemonic phrase</h2><p>Banyak ektension-extension wallet menggunakan mnemonics untuk memrepresentasikan secret key-secret key mereka. Anda dapat menkonversikan mnemonic ke Keypairs untuk local testing.</p><ol><li>BIP39 - membuat sebuah single wallet</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Keypair <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bip39 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bip39"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mnemonic <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> seed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> bip39<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>mnemonic<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">""</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// (mnemonic, password)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSeed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 5ZWj7a1f8tWkjBESHKgrLmXshuXxqeY9SYcfbshpAqPG</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mnemonic <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> seed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> bip39<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>mnemonic<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">""</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// (mnemonic, password)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSeed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> mnemonic <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Mnemonic\n\nmnemo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Mnemonic<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"english"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nseed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> mnemo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>to_seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nkeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token builtin\">format</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>mnemo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Mnemonic<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"english"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nseed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> mnemo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>to_seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nkeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-keygen recover\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-keygen recover\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><ol start=\"2\"><li>BIP44 (multiple wallets, also known HD wallets)</li></ol><p>You can make multiple wallets from a single seed - also known as 'Hierarchical Deterministic wallets' or HD wallets:</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Keypair <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> HDKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"micro-ed25519-hdkey"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bip39 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bip39"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mnemonic <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"neither lonely flavor argue grass remind eye tag avocado spot unusual intact"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> seed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> bip39<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>mnemonic<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">""</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// (mnemonic, password)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> hd <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> HDKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromMasterSeed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"hex"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> path <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">m/44'/501'/</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>i<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">'/0'</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSeed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>hd<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">derive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>path<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>privateKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>path<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> => </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mnemonic <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"neither lonely flavor argue grass remind eye tag avocado spot unusual intact"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> seed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> bip39<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>mnemonic<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">""</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// (mnemonic, password)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> path <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">m/44'/501'/</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>i<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">'/0'</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSeed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">derivePath</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>path<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"hex"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>path<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> => </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-keygen recover <span class=\"token string\">'prompt:?key=0/0'</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-keygen recover <span class=\"token string\">'prompt:?key=0/0'</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-vanity-address\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-vanity-address\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah vanity address</h2><p>Vanity publickeys, atau custom address adalah keys yang dimulai dengan character spesifik. Sebagai contoh, jika seseorang ingin publickey dimulai dengan "elv1s", atau mungkin juga "cook". Ini dapat membantu orang lain untuk mengingat siapa yang mempunyai key itu, membuat key lebih mudah untuk diidentifikasi.</p><p>Catatan: Semakin banyak character di dalam vanity address anda, semakin lama prosesnya.</p><p>::: peringatan Anda harus menggunakan CLI untuk task ini. Python dan TypeScript hanyalah contoh untuk ilustrasi saja dan lebih lambat dibandingkan dengan CLI.</p><p>:::</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">C++</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Keypair <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">startsWith</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"elv1s"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">startsWith</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"elv1s"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n\nkeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">while</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token builtin\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">!=</span><span class=\"token string\">"elv1s"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n \n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token builtin\">format</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">while</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token builtin\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">!=</span><span class=\"token string\">"elv1s"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// clang++ vanity_keypair.cpp -o vanity_keypair -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana.hpp"</span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">using</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">namespace</span> many<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">substr</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"elv1s"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"Created Keypair with Public Key: "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">substr</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"elv1s"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-keygen grind --starts-with e1v1s:1\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana-keygen grind --starts-with e1v1s:1\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-untuk-sign-dan-menverifikasi-messages-dalam-wallet\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-untuk-sign-dan-menverifikasi-messages-dalam-wallet\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara untuk sign dan menverifikasi messages dalam wallet</h2><p>Fungsi utama dari sebuah keypair adalah untuk sign messages dan mengaktifkan verifikasi dari signature. Verifikasi signature menyakinkan recipient bahwa data telah disign oleh pemilik dengan spesifik private key.</p><p>Untuk melakukan itu, kita perlu import <a href=\"https://www.npmjs.com/package/tweetnacl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TweetNaCl<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> crypto library.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Keypair <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> nacl <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"tweetnacl"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> decodeUTF8 <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"tweetnacl-util"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> message <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> messageBytes <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">decodeUTF8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nacl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">detached</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>messageBytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>secretKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> result <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nacl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>detached<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">verify</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n messageBytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>result<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> message <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> messageBytes <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">decodeUTF8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nacl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">detached</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>messageBytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>secretKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> result <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nacl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>detached<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">verify</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n messageBytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>result<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n\nsecret_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">174</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">47</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">154</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">202</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">193</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">206</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">113</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">199</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">190</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">133</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">169</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">175</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">31</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">222</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">138</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">189</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">224</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">216</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">117</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">173</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">149</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">53</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">73</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">237</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">246</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">185</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">186</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">82</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">177</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">148</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">69</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">241</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">227</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">167</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">141</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">240</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">121</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">35</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">172</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">247</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">68</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">251</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">226</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">218</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">48</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">63</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">176</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">109</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">168</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">89</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">238</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">135</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> \nkeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>secret_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nmessage <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">b"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span>\nsignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign_message<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nverify_sign <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>verify<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>verify_sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># bool</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>message <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">b"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span>\nsignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sign_message<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nverify_sign <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>verify<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>verify_sign<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># bool</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-mengkoneksi-ke-sebuah-wallet\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-mengkoneksi-ke-sebuah-wallet\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara mengkoneksi ke sebuah wallet</h2><p>Solana <a href=\"https://github.com/solana-labs/wallet-adapter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wallet-adapter<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> libraries mempermudah untuk mengatur koneksi wallet di client-side.</p><h3 id=\"react\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#react\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> React</h3><p>Run command berikut untuk menginstall dependencies yang diperlukan:</p><div class=\"language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-text\"><code>yarn add @solana/wallet-adapter-react @solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui @solana/wallet-adapter-base @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p>React wallet-adapter libraries mengijinkan kita untuk mempertahankan dan mengakses states koneksi wallet melalui hooks dan Context providers bernama, <code>useWallet</code>, <code>WalletProvider</code>, <code>useConnection</code>, dan <code>ConnectionProvider</code>. React App harus di-wrap dengan <code>WalletProvider</code> dan <code>ConnectionProvider</code>.</p><p>Sebagai tambahan, kita dapat memperingatkan user untuk terhubung dengan menggunakan <code>useWalletModal</code> untuk mengganti visibility dari connection modal dan men-wrap App dengan <code>WalletModalProvider</code> dari <code>@solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui</code>. Connection modal akan menghandle arus koneksi untuk kita, jadi kita cukup untuk listen kapan sebuah wallet terkoneksi. Kita dapat mengetahui sebuah wallet terkoneksi ketika <code>useWallet</code> response menjadi non-null di property <code>wallet</code>. Sebaliknya, jika property tersebut null, kita tahu bahwa wallet itu tidak terkoneksi.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-tsx\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> React<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> useMemo<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">FC</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PropsWithChildren <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"react"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n ConnectionProvider<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n WalletProvider<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> WalletModalProvider <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> WalletAdapterNetwork <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n LedgerWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PhantomWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SlopeWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TorusWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-wallets"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> useWallet <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> useWalletModal <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> MouseEventHandler <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"react"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> Web3Provider<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">FC</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span>PropsWithChildren<span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token operator\">>></span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> children <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Can be set to 'devnet', 'testnet', or 'mainnet-beta'</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> endpoint <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useMemo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>WalletAdapterNetwork<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>Devnet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets includes all the adapters but supports tree shaking --</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Only the wallets you configure here will be compiled into your application</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> wallets <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useMemo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PhantomWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SlopeWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TorusWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">LedgerWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ConnectionProvider</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">endpoint</span><span class=\"token script language-javascript\"><span class=\"token script-punctuation punctuation\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>endpoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">WalletModalProvider</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">WalletProvider</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">wallets</span><span class=\"token script language-javascript\"><span class=\"token script-punctuation punctuation\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>wallets<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>children<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span><span class=\"token class-name\">WalletProvider</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span><span class=\"token class-name\">WalletModalProvider</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ConnectionProvider</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/**\n * Make sure to wrap the App with\n * ConnectionProvider, WalletProvider, and WalletModalProvider.\n *\n * If you have a lot of Providers already, you can combine them\n * into a single wrapper (i.e. Web3Provider) instead.\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">App</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Web3Provider</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AppChild</span></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">/></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Web3Provider</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">AppChild</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> wallet <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useWallet</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> setVisible <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useWalletModal</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Display the connection modal</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">onRequestConnectWallet</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">setVisible</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Prompt user to connect wallet</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>button</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">onClick</span><span class=\"token script language-javascript\"><span class=\"token script-punctuation punctuation\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>onRequestConnectWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">Connect Wallet</span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>button</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">Wallet successfully connected!</span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-tsx\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> wallet <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useWallet</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> setVisible <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useWalletModal</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">onRequestConnectWallet</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">setVisible</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Prompt the user to connect their wallet</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>button</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">onClick</span><span class=\"token script language-javascript\"><span class=\"token script-punctuation punctuation\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>onRequestConnectWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">Connect Wallet</span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>button</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Displays the connected wallet address</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">Wallet successfully connected!</span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token plain-text\">\n </span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"vue\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#vue\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Vue</h3><p>Run command dibawah ini untuk menginstall dependencies yang diperlukan:</p><div class=\"language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-text\"><code>npm install solana-wallets-vue @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p><a href=\"https://github.com/lorisleiva/solana-wallets-vue\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solana Wallets Vue<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> plugin mengijinkan kita untuk menginisiasi sebuah wallet store dan membuat sebuah global property <code>$wallet</code> baru yang dapat diakses di dalam beragam compenent. Semua property dan method yang didapat dari <code>useWallet()</code> dapat dilihat di <a href=\"https://github.com/lorisleiva/solana-wallets-vue#usewallet-references\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sini<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>. Kita juga mengimport dan menrender WalletMultiButton component agar user dapat memilih wallet yang terkoneksi dengannya.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Vue</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-vue ext-vue line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-vue\"><code><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">setup</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"><span class=\"token language-javascript\">\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> WalletMultiButton <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana-wallets-vue"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n LedgerWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PhantomWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SlopeWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TorusWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-wallets"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> initWallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> useWallet <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana-wallets-vue"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> wallets <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token literal-property property\">wallets</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PhantomWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SlopeWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TorusWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">LedgerWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">initWallet</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallets<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> connected<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> wallet <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">useWallet</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</span></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>template</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>p</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">v-if</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">"</span>connected<span class=\"token punctuation\">"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n Wallet with public key {{ wallet.publicKey }} successfully connected!\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">v-else</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>template</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-vue ext-vue line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-vue\"><code><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">setup</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"><span class=\"token language-javascript\">\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> WalletMultiButton <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana-wallets-vue"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</span></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>template</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>template</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"svelte\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#svelte\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Svelte</h3><p>Run command berikut ini untuk menginstall dependencies yang dibutuhkan:</p><div class=\"language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-text\"><code>npm install @svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-core @svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-ui @solana/wallet-adapter-base @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets @solana/web3.js\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><p><a href=\"https://github.com/svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Svelte Wallet Adapter<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> package dapat menambahkan sebuah Svelte Store(<code>$walletStore</code>) yang dapat diakses oleh semua JS, TS dan/atau Svelte files di dalam sebuah project yang telah dikerjakan dengan Svelte Template atau SvelteKit. Menggunakan repo reference <a href=\"https://github.com/svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter/blob/master/packages/core/README.md/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ini<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> anda dapat mengunakan adapter untuk SSR atau SPA. UI package mempunyai sebuah <code><WalletMultiButton /></code> component untuk membantu user untuk memilih wallet yang terkoneksi dengannya.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Svelte</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-html\"><code><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"><span class=\"token language-javascript\">\n <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> walletStore <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-core"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n WalletProvider<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n WalletMultiButton<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n ConnectionProvider<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-ui"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n PhantomWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SolflareWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TorusWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n LedgerWalletAdapter<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/wallet-adapter-wallets"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> localStorageKey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"walletAdapter"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> network <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// localhost or mainnet</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallets <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PhantomWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SolflareWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TorusWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">LedgerWalletAdapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</span></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>WalletProvider</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">{localStorageKey}</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">{wallets}</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">autoConnect</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">/></span></span>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>ConnectionProvider</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">{network}</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">/></span></span>\n\n{#if $walletStore?.connected} Wallet with public key {$walletStore.publicKey}\nsuccessfully connected! {:else}\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>WalletMultiButton</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">/></span></span>\n{/if}\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-html\"><code><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"><span class=\"token language-javascript\">\n <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> walletStore <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-core"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> WalletMultiButton <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-ui"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</span></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n\n{#if $walletStore?.connected} Wallet with public key {$walletStore.publicKey}\nsuccessfully connected! {:else}\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>WalletMultiButton</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">/></span></span>\n{/if}\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 91437574+partiallysorted@users.noreply.github.com\">Partially Sorted</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: aziz@okadoc.com\">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a href=\"/id/references/local-development.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Development Lokal\"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class=\"next\"><a href=\"/id/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Mengirim Transaksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n </body>\n</html>\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":98,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/id"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/id/references/accounts.html"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"<!DOCTYPE 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akun di Solana dan cara menggunakannya di program.\"><meta name=\"og:image\" content=\"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png\"><meta name=\"og:image:alt\" content=\"Solana splash card\"><meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\"><meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@solanacookbook\"><meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png\"><meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index,follow,noodp\"><meta name=\"googlebot\" content=\"index,follow\"><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/solana_cookbook_lightmode.svg\"><script data-domain=\"solanacookbook.com\" src=\"https://plausible.io/js/plausible.js\"></script><title>Akun | Buku Panduan Solana</title>\n <link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\"><link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/accounts.html.cf985a2a.js\"><link rel=\"modulepreload\" href=\"/assets/accounts.html.0cab14f0.js\">\n <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"/assets/style.fecd2c41.css\">\n </head>\n <body>\n <div 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aria-label=\"Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mendapatkan Akun Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisasi Data\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrasi Akun Data Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Peta Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debug Program Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Pengujian Paritas Fitur\"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Development Lokal\"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs & Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mengirim Transaksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active\" aria-label=\"Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-sistem-akun\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah sistem akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah sistem akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#bagaimana-cara-mengkalkulasi-biaya-akun\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara mengkalkulasi biaya akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara mengkalkulasi biaya akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#bagaimana-cara-membuat-akun-dengan-seeds\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara membuat akun dengan seeds\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara membuat akun dengan seeds <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#generate\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Generate\"><!--[--><!--]--> Generate <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#create\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Create\"><!--[--><!--]--> Create <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#transfer\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transfer\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transfer <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#bagaimana-cara-membuat-pdas\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara membuat PDAs\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara membuat PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#menghasilkan-sebuah-pda\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Menghasilkan sebuah PDA\"><!--[--><!--]--> Menghasilkan sebuah PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#membuat-sebuah-pda\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Membuat sebuah PDA\"><!--[--><!--]--> Membuat sebuah PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#bagaimana-cara-untuk-sign-sebuah-pda\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara untuk sign sebuah PDA\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara untuk sign sebuah PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#program-1\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#client-1\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Client\"><!--[--><!--]--> Client <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-program-akun\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana Cara Mendapatkan Program Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana Cara Mendapatkan Program Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#bagaimana-cara-menutup-akun\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana Cara Menutup Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana Cara Menutup Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/accounts.html#bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-balance-akun\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana Cara Mendapatkan Balance Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana Cara Mendapatkan Balance Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Menulis Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaksi dengan Token\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFT\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mengirim Transaksi Offline\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"akun\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#akun\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Akun</h1><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-sistem-akun\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-sistem-akun\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah sistem akun</h2><p>Membuat sistem akun (<em>system account</em>) yang dimiliki oleh <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/javascript-reference#systemprogram\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">System Program<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>. Solana runtime akan memberikan akses ke pemilik akun, akses untuk menulis ke dalam datanya sendiri dana mentransfer lamports. Ketika membuat sebuah account, kita harus mempersiapkan kapasitas penyimpanan tetap dalam bytes (<code>space</code>) dan lamports yang cukup untuk mencover rent. <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rent<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> adalah biaya yang ditimbulkan untuk menjaga agar account tetap hidup di Solana.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> fromPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdrop SOL for transferring lamports to the created account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> airdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>airdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// amount of space to reserve for the account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> space <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Seed the created account with lamports for rent exemption</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> rentExemptionAmount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>space<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> newAccountPubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createAccountParams <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> fromPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> rentExemptionAmount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createAccountTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>createAccountParams<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> createAccountTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createAccountParams <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> rentExemptionAmount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createAccountTransaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>createAccountParams<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> createAccountTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n fromKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>native_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> from_keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> from_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">request_airdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">loop</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> confirmed <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> space <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_exemption_amount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>space<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> new_account_keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> new_account_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>new_account_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_account_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>new_account_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n rent_exemption_amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_account_tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>create_account_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>new_account_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_account_tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">loop</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> confirmed <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Error creating system account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_account_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>new_account_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n rent_exemption_amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_account_tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>create_account_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>from_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>new_account_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_account_tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">loop</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> confirmed <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Error creating system account"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-mengkalkulasi-biaya-akun\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-mengkalkulasi-biaya-akun\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara mengkalkulasi biaya akun</h2><p>Menjaga agar akun tetap hidup di Solana membutuhkan biaya penyimpanan yang disebut dengan <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rent<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a>. Sebuah akun dapat dikecualikan sepenuhnya dari pungutan biaya rent apabila mendepositokan sekurang-kurangnya dua tahun biaya rent. Untuk kalkulasi, kita perlu mempertimbangkan jumlah data yang ingin disimpan di dalam akun.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// length of data in the account to calculate rent for</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> dataLength <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1500</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> rentExemptionAmount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>dataLength<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n rentExemptionAmount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> data_length <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1500</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_exemption_amount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>data_length<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"rent exemption amount: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rent_exemption_amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code>solana rent <span class=\"token number\">1500</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-membuat-akun-dengan-seeds\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-membuat-akun-dengan-seeds\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara membuat akun dengan seeds</h2><p>Anda dapat menggunakan <code>createAccountWithSeed</code> untuk mengatur akun anda dibandingkan dengan membuat sejumlah keypair yang berbeda.</p><h3 id=\"generate\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#generate\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Generate</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> SystemProgram <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> basePubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> seed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"robot001"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createWithSeed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>basePubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code>PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createWithSeed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>basePubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> base_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> seed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"robot001"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_id <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">id</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">create_with_seed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>base_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"account pubkey: {:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> derived_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> base_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> seed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"robot001"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_id <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">id</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">create_with_seed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>base_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"account pubkey: {:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> derived_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"create\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#create\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Create</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> base <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> basePubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> base<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> seed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"robot001"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> derived <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createWithSeed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>basePubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccountWithSeed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// funder</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> derived<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n basePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> basePubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n seed<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.1 SOL</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n base<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccountWithSeed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// funder</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> derived<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n basePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> basePubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n seed<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.1 SOL</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> base<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>native_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> fee_payer_keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> fee_payer_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>fee_payer_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> base_keypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> base_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Signer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>base_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> seed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"robot001"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_id <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">id</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">create_with_seed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>base_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">request_airdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">loop</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> confirmed <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account_with_seed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>derived_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>base_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>fee_payer_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>base_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">loop</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirm_transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> confirmed <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> confirmed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Error creating account with seed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">create_with_seed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>base_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account_with_seed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>derived_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>base_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Some</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>fee_payer_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>base_keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n recent_blockhash<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"transfer\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#transfer\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Transfer</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> base <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fromSecretKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n bs58<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">decode</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> basePubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> base<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> seed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"robot001"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> derived <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createWithSeed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>basePubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> derived<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n basePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> basePubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// create a random receiver</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.01</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n seed<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n base<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> derived<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n basePubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> basePubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n toPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// create a random receiver</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.01</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n seed<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> <span class=\"token function\">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> base<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">TIP</p><p>Hanya account yang dimiliki oleh system program dapat mentransfer melalui system program.</p></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-membuat-pdas\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-membuat-pdas\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara membuat PDAs</h2><p><a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-derived-addresses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Program derived address(PDA)<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> mirip dengan alamat normal dengan beberapa perbedaan:</p><ol><li>Tanpa kurva ed25519</li><li>Menggunakan program untuk masuk dibandingkan dengan private key</li></ol><p><strong>Note</strong>: PDA accounts hanya dapat dibuat oleh program. Alamat dapat dibuat di client side.</p><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">TIP</p><p>Walaupun PDA diturunkan dari program id, itu tidak serta merta membuat PDA dimiliki oleh program yang sama. (Sebagai contoh, anda dapat menginisiasi PDA sebagai sebuah token account yang merupakan sebuah account yang dimiliki oleh token program)</p></div><h3 id=\"menghasilkan-sebuah-pda\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#menghasilkan-sebuah-pda\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Menghasilkan sebuah PDA</h3><p><code>findProgramAddress</code> akan menambah byte extra di akhir dari seed anda. <code>findProgramAddress</code> akan memulai dari 255 ke 0 dan mengembalikan public key yang pertama kali di luar kurva. Anda akan selalu mendapatkan hasil yang sama jika anda memberikan program id dan seed yang sama.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"G1DCNUQTSGHehwdLCAmRyAG8hf51eCHrLNUqkgGKYASj"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"test"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">bump: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>bump<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, pubkey: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// you will find the result is different from `createProgramAddress`.</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// It is expected because the real seed we used to calculate is ["test" + bump]</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">FromStr</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_id <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"G1DCNUQTSGHehwdLCAmRyAG8hf51eCHrLNUqkgGKYASj"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bump_seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">find_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">b"test"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"pda: {}, bump: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bump_seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"membuat-sebuah-pda\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#membuat-sebuah-pda\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Membuat sebuah PDA</h3><p>Berikut adalah contoh program untuk membuat sebuah PDA account yang dimiliki oleh program dan contoh untuk memanggil program dengan client.</p><h4 id=\"program\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#program\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Program</h4><p>Berikut ini adalah sebuah intruksi tunggal <code>system_instruction::create_account</code> yang membuat akun dengan data teralokasi sebesar <code>space</code>, <code>rent_lamports</code> sebesar jumlah <em>lamports</em> dari <em>derived PDA</em>. Ini di <em>sign</em> dengan PDA menggunakan <code>invoke_signed</code> seperti yang telah di diskusikan sebelumnya diatas.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token namespace\">rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> \n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payer_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pda_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_sysvar_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// find space and minimum rent required for account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> space <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> bump <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_lamports <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rent_sysvar_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>space<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>payer_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n rent_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n payer_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pda_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>payer_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>payer_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n rent_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n payer_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pda_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>payer_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">as_ref</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h4 id=\"client\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#client\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Client</h4><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// program id</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"7ZP42kRwUQ2zgbqXoaXzAFaiQnDyp6swNktTSv8mNQGN"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// setup fee payer</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// setup pda</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">bump: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>bump<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, pubkey: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> data_size <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Uint8Array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>data_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Uint8Array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>data_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-untuk-sign-sebuah-pda\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-untuk-sign-sebuah-pda\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara untuk sign sebuah PDA</h2><p>PDA hanya dapat di "<em>sign</em>" dalam lingkup program. Berikut adalah sebuah contoh program untuk "sign" dengan sebuah PDA dan memanggil program dari client.</p><h3 id=\"program-1\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#program-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Program</h3><p>Instruksi tunggal berikut melakukan transfer SOL dari PDA yang di derive dari seed <code>escrow</code> ke akun. <code>invoke_signed</code> digunakan untuk sign dengan PDA.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pda_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> to_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// pass bump seed for saving compute budget</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> bump_seed <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>to_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">100_000_000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n pda_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n to_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">b"escrow"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>bump_seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>to_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token number\">100_000_000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n pda_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n to_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">b"escrow"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>bump_seed<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"client-1\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#client-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Client</h3><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> bs58 <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bs58"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// program id</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4wQC2yuVt4rbcPeYLK8WngqbYLg7UAahVjRFrK3NBjP6"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// setup fee payer</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// setup pda</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"escrow"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">bump: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>bump<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, pubkey: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// require 1 SOL for the transfering in the program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> pdaAirdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>pdaAirdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// create a random `to`</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> to <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">receiver: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>to<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Leave `false` here although we need a pda as a signer.</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// It will be escalated on program if we use invoke_signed.</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> to<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Uint8Array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> tx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Leave `false` here although we need a pda as a signer.</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// It will be escalated on program if we use invoke_signed.</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> to<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Uint8Array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-program-akun\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-program-akun\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana Cara Mendapatkan Program Akun</h2><p>Mendapatkan semua akun yang dimiliki oleh sebuah program. Refer ke <a href=\"/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"\">guides section</a> untuk informasi lebih lanjut seputar <code>getProgramAccounts</code> dan konfigurasinya.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">CLI</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getProgramAccounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Accounts for program </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token constant\">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">: </span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n // Output\n\n Accounts for program 6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U: \n [\n {\n account: {\n data: <Buffer 60 06 66 ca 2c 1d c7 85 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc>,\n executable: false,\n lamports: 1064880,\n owner: [PublicKey],\n rentEpoch: 228\n },\n pubkey: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: 82fc5b91154dc5c840cb464ba6a89212d0fd789367c0a1488fb1941d78f9727a>\n }\n },\n {\n account: {\n data: <Buffer 60 06 66 ca 2c 1d c7 85 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fd>,\n executable: false,\n lamports: 1064880,\n owner: [PublicKey],\n rentEpoch: 229\n },\n pubkey: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: 404dc1fe368cf194f20cf3c681a071c61893ced98f65cda12ba5a147e984e669>\n }\n }\n ]\n */</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">FromStr</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_id <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_program_accounts</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"accounts for {}, {:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-bash\"><code><span class=\"token function\">curl</span> https://api.devnet.solana.com -X POST -H <span class=\"token string\">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -d <span class=\"token string\">'\n {"jsonrpc":"2.0", "id":1, "method":"getProgramAccounts", "params":["6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U"]}\n'</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Output</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># {"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":[{"account":{"data":"fe2kiXpgfrjWQjCPX3n5MB339Ayqav75ej","executable":false,"lamports":1064880,"owner":"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U","rentEpoch":228},"pubkey":"9pKBrUtJU9GNmct6T2BQtiKqvubtjS9D2if2bm1P8TQd"},{"account":{"data":"fe2kiXpgfrjVs7hiZJNVFsbJUuhXhFx3pQ","executable":false,"lamports":1064880,"owner":"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U","rentEpoch":229},"pubkey":"5L1rztbopmgGMWPKb2efoGyhGnrBJm6K53Hf9S4nxdHr"}],"id":1}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-menutup-akun\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-menutup-akun\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana Cara Menutup Akun</h2><p>Anda bisa menutup akun (termasuk menghapus semua data yang di simpan) dengan cara menghilangkan semua SOL. (refer ke <a href=\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rent<span><svg class=\"external-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewbox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z\"></path><polygon fill=\"currentColor\" points=\"45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9\"></polygon></svg><span class=\"external-link-icon-sr-only\">open in new window</span></span></a> untuk info lebih lanjut)</p><h4 id=\"program-2\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#program-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Program</h4><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> source_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> dest_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> dest_starting_lamports <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dest_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>dest_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dest_starting_lamports\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">checked_add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> source_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n source_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fill</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> dest_starting_lamports <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dest_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>dest_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dest_starting_lamports\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">checked_add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> source_data <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> source_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\nsource_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">fill</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h4 id=\"client-2\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#client-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Client</h4><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// connection</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// setup fee payer</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// remember to deploy your program first</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"An47uBJ8kY7hzKPzDyRoFSsDHkZFY9vkfUGpTViWqLFz"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1. create an account to your program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> newAccountKeypair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">new account: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBase58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> createNewAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.1 SOL</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// a random value</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">create account txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n createNewAccountTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2. close your account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> closeAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">close account txhash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>closeAccountTx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// 1. create an account to your program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> createNewAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1e8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 0.1 SOL</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// a random value</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// 2. close your account</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> closeAccountTx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-balance-akun\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-balance-akun\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana Cara Mendapatkan Balance Akun</h2><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Rust</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">Python</button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\" ariapressed=\"false\" ariaexpanded=\"false\">C++</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> SOL</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getBalance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> SOL</span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rpc_client<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>native_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_sdk<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>commitment_config<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token keyword\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">FromStr</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rpc_url <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RpcClient</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new_with_commitment</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>rpc_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CommitmentConfig</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> wallet <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">println!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"The account {}, has {} SOL "</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n balance <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>wallet<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solders<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>keypair <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Keypair\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>rpc<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>api <span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> Client\n\nclient <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nkey_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\npublic_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>get_balance<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code>client <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Client<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nkey_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\npublic_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nclient<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>get_balance<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// clang++ get_balance.cpp -o get_balance -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#</span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token string\">"solana.hpp"</span></span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">using</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">namespace</span> many<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>solana<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n Connection <span class=\"token function\">connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> public_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"public_key = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_base58</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">uint64_t</span> balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>cout <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token string\">"balance = "</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> balance <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-cpp\"><code>Connection <span class=\"token function\">connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> key_pair <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Keypair</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">auto</span> public_key <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> key_pair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">uint64_t</span> balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>public_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"custom-container tip\"><p class=\"custom-container-title\">TIP</p><p>Jika kita mau mendapatkan token balance, kita harus mengetahui alamat dari sebuah token akun. Untuk info lebih lanjut, lihat <a href=\"/id/references/token.html\" class=\"\">Token References</a></p></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: 91437574+partiallysorted@users.noreply.github.com\">Partially Sorted</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: aziz@okadoc.com\">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a href=\"/id/references/basic-transactions.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Mengirim Transaksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class=\"next\"><a href=\"/id/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Menulis Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n </body>\n</html>\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":99,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/id"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/id/references/programs.html"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"id-ID\">\n <head>\n <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1\">\n <meta name=\"generator\" content=\"VuePress 2.0.0-beta.36\">\n <style>\n :root {\n --c-bg: #fff;\n }\n html.dark {\n --c-bg: #22272e;\n }\n html, body {\n background-color: var(--c-bg);\n }\n </style>\n <script>\n const userMode = localStorage.getItem('vuepress-color-scheme');\n\t\t\tconst systemDarkMode = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;\n\t\t\tif (userMode === 'dark' || (userMode !== 'light' && systemDarkMode)) {\n\t\t\t\tdocument.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', true);\n\t\t\t}\n </script>\n <meta name=\"title\" content=\"Buku Panduan Solana | Referensi Program Solana\"><meta name=\"og:title\" content=\"Buku Panduan Solana | Referensi Program Solana\"><meta name=\"description\" content=\"Belajar cara membuat sebuah program di Solana dengan referensi invokasi cross program, membaca akun, dan lainnya.\"><meta name=\"og:description\" content=\"Belajar cara membuat sebuah program di Solana dengan referensi invokasi cross program, membaca akun, dan lainnya.\"><meta name=\"og:image\" content=\"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png\"><meta name=\"og:image:alt\" content=\"Solana splash card\"><meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\"><meta 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class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/es/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Spanish\"><!--[--><!--]--> Spanish <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/pt/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Português\"><!--[--><!--]--> Português <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/de/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Deutsch\"><!--[--><!--]--> Deutsch <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/vi/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Tiếng Việt\"><!--[--><!--]--> Tiếng Việt <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/th/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"ไทย\"><!--[--><!--]--> ไทย <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fr/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Français\"><!--[--><!--]--> Français <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/programs.html\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active\" aria-label=\"Bahasa Indonesia\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/kr/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"한국어\"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/tr/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Türkçe\"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/ja/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"日本語\"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class=\"navbar-dropdown-item\"><a href=\"/fil/references/programs.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Filipino\"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class=\"sidebar-items\"><!--[--><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Memulai <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Buku Panduan Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/getting-started/installation.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Instalasi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Transaksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/core-concepts/pdas.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)\"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading\">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mendapatkan Akun Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/serialization.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Serialisasi Data\"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/data-migration.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Migrasi Akun Data Program\"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/account-maps.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Peta Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Debug Program Solana\"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Pengujian Paritas Fitur\"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex=\"0\" class=\"sidebar-item sidebar-heading active\">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style=\"\" class=\"sidebar-item-children\"><!--[--><li><a href=\"/id/references/local-development.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Development Lokal\"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Keypairs & Wallets\"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets 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router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mengakses Waktu secara langsung di dalam sebuah instruksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengakses Waktu secara langsung di dalam sebuah instruksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/programs.html#bagaimana-cara-merubah-size-akun\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara merubah size akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara merubah size akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/programs.html#bagaimana-cara-untuk-membuat-program-cross-invocation\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara untuk membuat program Cross Invocation\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara untuk membuat program Cross Invocation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/programs.html#bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-pda\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah PDA\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/programs.html#bagaimana-cara-membaca-akun\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara membaca akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara membaca akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/programs.html#bagaimana-cara-men-verifikasi-akun\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara men-verifikasi akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara men-verifikasi akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current=\"page\" href=\"/id/references/programs.html#bagaimana-cara-membaca-beberapa-instruksi-dalam-sebuah-transaksi\" class=\"router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Bagaimana cara membaca beberapa instruksi dalam sebuah transaksi\"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara membaca beberapa instruksi dalam sebuah transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/token.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Interaksi dengan Token\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/staking.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Staking\"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/nfts.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"NFT\"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/offline-transactions.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Mengirim Transaksi Offline\"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href=\"/id/references/name-service.html\" class=\"sidebar-item\" aria-label=\"Name Service\"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class=\"page\"><!--[--><!--]--><div class=\"theme-default-content\"><!--[--><h1 id=\"menulis-program\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#menulis-program\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Menulis Program</h1><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-mentransfer-sol-di-dalam-sebuah-program\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-mentransfer-sol-di-dalam-sebuah-program\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara mentransfer SOL di dalam sebuah program</h2><p>Program Solana anda dapat mentransfer lamports dari sebuah akun ke akun lainnya tanpa 'invoke' program system. Aturan dasar adalah program anda dapat mentransfer lamports dari akun mana saja yang <strong>dimiliki</strong> oleh program anda ke semua akun.</p><p>Penerima akun <strong>tidak harus menjadi</strong> sebuah akun yang dimilik oleh program anda.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item\" aria-selected=\"false\"><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">/// Transfers lamports from one account (must be program owned)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// to another account. The recipient can by any account</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">transfer_service_fee_lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n from_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n to_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n amount_of_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Does the from account have enough lamports to transfer?</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>from_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_borrow_lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> amount_of_lamports <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">CustomError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InsufficientFundsForTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Debit from_account and credit to_account</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>from_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-=</span> amount_of_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>to_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> amount_of_lamports<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// Primary function handler associated with instruction sent</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// to your program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">instruction_handler</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Get the 'from' and 'to' accounts</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_info_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> from_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> to_service_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_info_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Extract a service 'fee' of 5 lamports for performing this instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">transfer_service_fee_lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>from_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> to_service_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Perform the primary instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// ... etc.</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-waktu-dalam-sebuah-program\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-waktu-dalam-sebuah-program\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara mendapatkan waktu dalam sebuah program</h2><p>Mendapatkan waktu dapat dilakukan melalui 2 cara</p><ol><li>Passing <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> ke sebuah instruksi</li><li>Mengakses waktu secara langsung di dalam sebuah instruksi.</li></ol><p>Adalah baik untuk mengetahui dua cara tersebut, karena beberapa legacy program masih memerlukan <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> sebagai sebuah akun.</p><h3 id=\"passing-waktu-sebagai-sebuah-account-di-dalam-sebuah-instruksi\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#passing-waktu-sebagai-sebuah-account-di-dalam-sebuah-instruksi\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Passing Waktu sebagai sebuah account di dalam sebuah instruksi</h3><p>Mari membuat sebuah instruksi yang menerima sebuah akun untuk menginisiasi dan sysvar pubkey</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">HelloState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [] Clock sys var</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Payer account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> _payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Clock sysvar</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> sysvar_clock_pubkey <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HelloState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Type casting [AccountInfo] to [Clock]</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> clock <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sysvar_clock_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Getting timestamp</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> current_timestamp <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Current Timestamp: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> current_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> clock <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">from_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>sysvar_clock_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> current_timestamp <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Now we pass the clock's sysvar public address via the client</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"77ezihTV6mTh2Uf3ggwbYF2NyGJJ5HHah1GrdowWJVD3"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdropping 1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> helloAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> accountSpace <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// because there exists just one boolean variable</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> rentRequired <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n accountSpace\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Allocating space for hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> allocateHelloAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> rentRequired<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> accountSpace<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Passing Clock Sys Var</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> passClockIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>allocateHelloAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> passClockIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"77ezihTV6mTh2Uf3ggwbYF2NyGJJ5HHah1GrdowWJVD3"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Passing Clock Sys Var</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> passClockIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_signer<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n is_writable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>passClockIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id=\"mengakses-waktu-secara-langsung-di-dalam-sebuah-instruksi\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#mengakses-waktu-secara-langsung-di-dalam-sebuah-instruksi\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Mengakses Waktu secara langsung di dalam sebuah instruksi</h3><p>Mari membuat sebuah instruksi yang sama, tetapi tanpa mengharapkan <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> dari client side.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">HelloState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Payer account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> _payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Getting clock directly</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> clock <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HelloState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Getting timestamp</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> current_timestamp <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Current Timestamp: {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> current_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> clock <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> current_timestamp <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Instruksi di client side sekarang hanya perlu diberikan state dan akun pembayar.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4ZEdbCtb5UyCSiAMHV5eSHfyjq3QwbG3yXb6oHD7RYjk"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdropping 1 SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> feePayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> helloAccount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> accountSpace <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// because there exists just one boolean variable</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> rentRequired <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n accountSpace\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Allocating space for hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> allocateHelloAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> rentRequired<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> accountSpace<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> initIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>allocateHelloAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> initIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"4ZEdbCtb5UyCSiAMHV5eSHfyjq3QwbG3yXb6oHD7RYjk"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// No more requirement to pass clock sys var key</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> initAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>initAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n feePayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n helloAccount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-merubah-size-akun\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-merubah-size-akun\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara merubah size akun</h2><p>Anda dapat merubah size program yang dimliiki dengan mengunakan <code>realloc</code>. <code>realloc</code> dapat meresize sebuah akun sampai 10KB. Ketika anda mengunakan <code>realloc</code> untuk menambah size dari sebuah akun, anda haru mentransfer lamport secara berurutan untuk menjaga agar akun rent-exempt.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">crate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">state<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">WhiteListData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>convert<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">TryInto</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n input<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Length = BOOL + VEC + Pubkey * n (n = number of keys)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"input: {:?}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> input<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>input<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> funding_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pda_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">match</span> instruction <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Initialize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Initialize"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pda_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">find_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"customaddress"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"customaddress"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>pda_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_required <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports_required<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>_program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WhiteListData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>white_list <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AddKey</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> key <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"AddKey"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WhiteListData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> new_size <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> new_minimum_balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>new_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_diff <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> new_minimum_balance<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">saturating_sub</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lamports_diff<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">realloc</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>new_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>white_list<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">90</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">91</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">92</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">93</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">94</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">95</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">96</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">97</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">98</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">99</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">100</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">101</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">102</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">103</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">104</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">105</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">106</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">107</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">108</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">109</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">110</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">111</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">112</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">113</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">114</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">115</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">116</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">117</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">118</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">119</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// adding a publickey to the account</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> new_size <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> new_minimum_balance <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>new_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_diff <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> new_minimum_balance<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">saturating_sub</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lamports_diff<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\npda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">realloc</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>new_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-untuk-membuat-program-cross-invocation\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-untuk-membuat-program-cross-invocation\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara untuk membuat program Cross Invocation</h2><p>Program cross invocaction hanya dengan memanggil instruksi program lainnya di dalam program kita. Salah satu contoh yang baik untuk menghasilkan adalah dengan fungsi <code>swap</code> di Uniswap. <code>UniswapV2Router</code> contract, memanggil logic yang diperlukan untuk swap, dana memanggil fungsi <code>ERC20</code> contract transfer untuk swap dari seseorang ke lainnya. Hal yang sama, kieta dapat memanggil sebuah instruksi program untuk dapat menghasilkan banyak tujuan.</p><p>Mari kita lihat contoh instruksi pertama kita <code>SPL Token Program's transfer</code>. Akun-akun yang kita perlukan untuk menjadikan sebuah transfer adalah</p><ol><li>The Source Token Account (Akun yang memegang tokens kita)</li><li>The Destination Token Account (Akun yang ingin kita transferkan token kita)</li><li>The Source Token Account's Holder (alamat wallet kita yang akan kita gunakan untuk sign-in)</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">spl_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>transfer<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [writable] Source Token Account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] Destination Token Account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [signer] Source Token Account holder's PubKey</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 4. [] Token Program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required for token transfer</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1. Token account we hold</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> source_token_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2. Token account to send to</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> destination_token_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 3. Our wallet address</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> source_token_account_holder <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 4. Token Program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> token_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Parsing the token transfer amount from instruction data</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// a. Getting the 0th to 8th index of the u8 byte array</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// b. Converting the obtained non zero u8 to a proper u8 (as little endian integers)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// c. Converting the little endian integers to a u64 number</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> token_transfer_amount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">and_then</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>slice<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> slice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Transferring {} tokens from {} to {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n token_transfer_amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n source_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n destination_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Creating a new TransactionInstruction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n Internal representation of the instruction's return value (Result<Instruction, ProgramError>)\n\n Ok(Instruction {\n program_id: *token_program_id, // PASSED FROM USER\n accounts,\n data,\n })\n */</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> transfer_tokens_instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>token_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>destination_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n token_transfer_amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> required_accounts_for_transfer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n source_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n destination_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Passing the TransactionInstruction to send</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>transfer_tokens_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>required_accounts_for_transfer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transfer successful"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">89</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> token_transfer_amount <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">and_then</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>slice<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> slice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> transfer_tokens_instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">transfer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>token_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>destination_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n token_transfer_amount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> required_accounts_for_transfer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n source_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n destination_token_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n source_token_account_holder<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>transfer_tokens_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>required_accounts_for_transfer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><br><p>Korespondensi instruksi client adalah sebagai berikut. Untuk mengetahui mint dan instruksi pembuatan token, tolong lihat ke full code sekitar. <br><br></p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n AccountLayout<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n MintLayout<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n u64<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BN</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bn.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Users</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">RECEIVER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Mint and token accounts</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Numbers</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">50</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span> <span class=\"token operator\">**</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">...</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token constant\">BN</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toArray</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"le"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"EfYK91eN3AqTwY1C34W6a33qGAtQ8HJYVhNv7cV4uMZj"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintDataSpace <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> MintLayout<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>span<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintRentRequired <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n mintDataSpace\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenDataSpace <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> AccountLayout<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>span<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> tokenRentRequired <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n tokenDataSpace\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdropping some SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Allocating space and rent for mint account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createMintAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mintRentRequired<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mintDataSpace<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Initializing mint with decimals and authority</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> initializeMintIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createInitMintInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// mintAuthority</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey <span class=\"token comment\">// freezeAuthority</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Allocating space and rent for source token account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createSourceTokenAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> tokenRentRequired<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> tokenDataSpace<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Initializing token account with mint and owner</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> initializeSourceTokenAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createInitAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Minting tokens to the source token account for transferring later to destination account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> mintTokensIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createMintToInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Allocating space and rent for destination token account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createDestinationTokenAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createAccount</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n fromPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n newAccountPubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> tokenRentRequired<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n space<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> tokenDataSpace<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Initializing token account with mint and owner</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> initializeDestinationTokenAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span>\n Token<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">createInitAccountInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">RECEIVER_KEYPAIR</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Our program's CPI instruction (transfer)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transferTokensIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n createMintAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n initializeMintIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createSourceTokenAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n initializeSourceTokenAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n mintTokensIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n createDestinationTokenAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n initializeDestinationTokenAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n transferTokensIx\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Token transfer CPI success: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span 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class=\"line-number\">145</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">146</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">147</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">148</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">149</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">150</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">151</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">152</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">153</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">154</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">155</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">156</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">157</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">158</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">159</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">160</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">161</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">162</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">163</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">164</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">165</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">166</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">167</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">168</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">169</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">170</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"EfYK91eN3AqTwY1C34W6a33qGAtQ8HJYVhNv7cV4uMZj"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transferTokensIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transferTokensIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Token transfer CPI success: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Mari sekarang lihat contoh lainnya yang adalah instruksi <code>System Program's create_account</code>. Ada beberapa perbedaan sedikit antara instruksi yang disebutkan diatas dan ini. Di atas, kita tidak pernah memerlukan <code>token_program</code> untuk dipass sebagai sebuah akun di dalam fungsi <code>invoke</code>. Namun, ada beberapa pengecualian dimana anda perlu untuk pass instruksi untuk meng-invoke <code>program_id</code>. Dalam kasus ini, itu adalah <code>System Program's</code> program_id. ("11111111111111111111111111111111"). Jadi akun-akun yang diperlukan sekarang akan menjadi</p><ol><li>Akun pembayar akun yang akan mendanai rent</li><li>Akun yang akan dibuat</li><li>Akun System Program</li></ol><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>create_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer Account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [signer, writable] General State Account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [] System Program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required for token transfer</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 1. Payer account for the state account creation</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 2. Token account we hold</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> general_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// 3. System Program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"Creating account for {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n general_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Parsing the token transfer amount from instruction data</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// a. Getting the 0th to 8th index of the u8 byte array</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// b. Converting the obtained non zero u8 to a proper u8 (as little endian integers)</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// c. Converting the little endian integers to a u64 number</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_span <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">and_then</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>slice<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> slice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_required <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_span <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Creating a new TransactionInstruction</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/*\n Internal representation of the instruction's return value (Instruction)\n\n Instruction::new_with_bincode(\n system_program::id(), // NOT PASSED FROM USER\n &SystemInstruction::CreateAccount {\n lamports,\n space,\n owner: *owner,\n },\n account_metas,\n )\n */</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_account_instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>general_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports_required<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_span<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> required_accounts_for_create <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n general_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Passing the TransactionInstruction to send (with the issused program_id)</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_account_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>required_accounts_for_create<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transfer successful"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">82</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">83</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">84</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">85</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">86</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">87</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">88</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> account_span <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">and_then</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>slice<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> slice<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u64</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_required <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>account_span <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_account_instruction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>general_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports_required<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n account_span<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> required_accounts_for_create <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n general_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">invoke</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_account_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>required_accounts_for_create<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Code di client side akan terlihat seperti ini</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> Keypair <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> SystemProgram <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> TransactionInstruction <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token constant\">BN</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"bn.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Users</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">...</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token constant\">BN</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">100</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toArray</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"le"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"DkuQ5wsndkzXfgqDB6Lgf4sDjBi4gkLSak1dM5Mn2RuQ"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdropping some SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Our program's CPI instruction (create_account)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>createAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Create Account CPI Success: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"DkuQ5wsndkzXfgqDB6Lgf4sDjBi4gkLSak1dM5Mn2RuQ"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdropping some SOL</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Our program's CPI instruction (create_account)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> creataAccountIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>creataAccountIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Create Account CPI Success: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-pda\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-pda\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah PDA</h2><p>Program Derived Address hanyalah sebuah program yang dimiliki oleh program, tetapi tidak memiliki private key. Sebaliknya signature-nya didapat dari set of seeds dan sebuah bump (sebuah nonce yang memastikannya untuk keluar kurva). "<strong>Men-generate</strong>" sebuah Program Address berbeda dari "<strong>membuat</strong>"nya. Seseorang dapat mengenerate sebuah PDA dengan mengunakan <code>Pubkey::find_program_address</code>. Membuat sebuah PDA pada essensinya berarti mengininisasi alamat dengan kapasitas dan men-set state ke dalamnya. Sebuah akun Keypair normal dapat dibuat dari luar program kita dan kemudian diperintahkan untuk menginisasikan statenya. Sayangnya, untuk PDA-PDA harus dibuat dalam chain, oleh sebab naturenya yang tidak dapat disign on atas namanya sendiri.Jadi kita memerlukan <code>invoke_signed</code> untuk men-pass PDA seeds, bersama dengan signature akun yang mendanai yang menghasilkan pembuatan akun PDA.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">HelloState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer, writable] Funding account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] PDA account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [] System Program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Getting required accounts</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> funding_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pda_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Getting PDA Bump from instruction data</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>pda_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> _<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_data\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">split_first</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ok_or</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if passed PDA and expected PDA are equal</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">b"customaddress"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_bytes</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>pda_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> pda <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">create_program_address</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Assessing required lamports and creating transaction instruction</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> lamports_required <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">minimum_balance</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports_required<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Invoking the instruction but with PDAs as additional signer</span>\n <span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Setting state for PDA</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HelloState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n pda_account_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">79</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">80</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">81</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">system_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token function\">create_account</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n lamports_required<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">try_into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">invoke_signed</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>funding_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pda_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>signers_seeds<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Seseorang dapat mengirim akun yang diperlukan melalui client dalam contoh berikut</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n clusterApiUrl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n Transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n TransactionInstruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"6eW5nnSosr2LpkUGCdznsjRGDhVb26tLmiM1P8RV1QQp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Airdop to Payer</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">confirmTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">requestAirdrop</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"customaddress"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">PDA Pubkey: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createPDAIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>createPDAIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token builtin\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token template-string\"><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span><span class=\"token string\">Created PDA successfully. Tx Hash: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">${</span>txHash<span class=\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token template-punctuation string\">`</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-typescript\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Keypair<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">generate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> connection <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">clusterApiUrl</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"devnet"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">"confirmed"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> programId <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PublicKey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token string\">"6eW5nnSosr2LpkUGCdznsjRGDhVb26tLmiM1P8RV1QQp"</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> PublicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">findProgramAddress</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"customaddress"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">toBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n programId\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> createPDAIx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TransactionInstruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n programId<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n data<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> Buffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">from</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Uint8Array<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">of</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n keys<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>publicKey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> pda<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n isSigner<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n isWritable<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n pubkey<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> SystemProgram<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>programId<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> transaction <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Transaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">add</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>createPDAIx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> txHash <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">await</span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">sendTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token constant\">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-membaca-akun\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-membaca-akun\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara membaca akun</h2><p>Hampir semua instruksi di dalam Solana memerlukan sekurang-kurangnya 2 - 3 akun, dan mereka perlu di-mentioned melalui instruction handlers mengenai apa yang diharapkan dari set akun tersebut. Adalah sangat mudah jika kita mengambil keuntungan dari <code>iter()</code> method dalam Rust, dibandingkan dengan men-index akun-akun secara manual. <code>next_account_info</code> method pada dasarnya men-slices index pertama yang dapat diiterasi dan mengembalikan kehadiran akun di dalam array akun-akun. Mari kita lihat instruksi sederhana yang mengharapkan beberapa akun dan perlu untuk mengurai masing-masing akun.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">HelloState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer] Payer</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [] Rent account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 4. [] System Program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Fetching all the accounts as a iterator (facilitating for loops and iterations)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Payer account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Rent account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// System Program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n _program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Fetching all the accounts as a iterator (facilitating for loops and iterations)</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Payer account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Rent account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// System Program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-men-verifikasi-akun\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-men-verifikasi-akun\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara men-verifikasi akun</h2><p>Karena program-program di Solana adalah stateless, kita sebagai pembuat program harus memastikan validasi akun-akun yang yang dipass sebanyak mungkin untuk menghindari masuknya akun yang disusupi (<em>malicious</em>). Hal dasar yang dapat kita lakukan adalah:</p><ol><li>Periksa apakah akun signer yang diharapkan bener-benar sudah sign</li><li>Periksa apakah state akun yang diharapkan sudah dicheck sebagai writeable</li><li>Periksa apakah state pemilik akun yang diharapkan adalah id program yang dipanggil</li><li>Jika menginisasi state untuk pertama kali, periksa apakah akun sudah ter-inisiasi atau belum.</li><li>Periksa apakah ada id-id cross program yang dipass (kapanpun diperlukan) sudah seperti yang diharapkan.</li></ol><p>Dibawah ini, instruksi dasar yang menginisiasi sebuah hero state acccount, tetapi dengan pemeriksaan yang disebutkan diatas</p><p>A basic instruction which initializes a hero state account, but with the above mentioned checks is defined below</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">borsh<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token class-name\">BorshDeserialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BorshSerialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>next_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">clock<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Clock</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">entrypoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">program_error<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token constant\">ID</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token constant\">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Sysvar</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">entrypoint!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>process_instruction<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">HelloState</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n is_initialized<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">bool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Accounts required</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 1. [signer] Payer</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">/// 3. [] System Program</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Payer account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Hello state account</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">// System Program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if payer account is the signer</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account is rent exempt</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_exempt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountNotRentExempt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account is writable</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_writable <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account's owner is the current program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IllegalOwner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if the system program is valid</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token constant\">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HelloState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if the state has already been initialized</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountAlreadyInitialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">65</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">66</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">67</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">68</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">69</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">70</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">71</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">72</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">73</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">74</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">75</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">76</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">77</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">78</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">process_instruction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>\n program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token class-name\">Pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountInfo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n _instruction_data<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramResult</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> accounts_iter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">iter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> payer_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> hello_state_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> system_program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">next_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>accounts_iter<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> rent <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if payer account is the signer</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>payer_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_signer <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account is rent exempt</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>rent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_exempt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">lamports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountNotRentExempt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account is writable</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_writable <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvalidAccountData</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if hello state account's owner is the current program</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>owner<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IllegalOwner</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if the system program is valid</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> system_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">ne</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token constant\">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HelloState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">try_from_slice</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span>hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token comment\">// Checking if the state has already been initialized</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProgramError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">AccountAlreadyInitialized</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>is_initialized <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n hello_state<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">serialize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow_mut</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id=\"bagaimana-cara-membaca-beberapa-instruksi-dalam-sebuah-transaksi\" tabindex=\"-1\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#bagaimana-cara-membaca-beberapa-instruksi-dalam-sebuah-transaksi\" aria-hidden=\"true\">#</a> Bagaimana cara membaca beberapa instruksi dalam sebuah transaksi</h2><p>Solana memberikan kita kemampuan untuk mengintip semua instruksi-instruksi dalam transaksi berjalan. Kita dapat menyimpannya di dalam sebuah variable dan mengulanginya lagi. Kita dapat melakukan banyak hal dengan ini, seperti memeriksa transaksi yang mencurigakan.</p><div class=\"code-group\"><div class=\"code-group__nav\"><ul class=\"code-group__ul\"><!--[--><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active\" ariapressed=\"true\" ariaexpanded=\"true\">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class=\"flex-grow\"></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4\"></path></svg></button></li><li class=\"code-group__li\"><button class=\"code-group__nav-tab\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class=\"code-info-title\">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class=\"code-group-item code-group-item__active\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class=\"\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">anchor_lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">prelude<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">solana_program<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token namespace\">serialize_utils<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>read_pubkey<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>read_u16<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token macro property\">declare_id!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"8DJXJRV8DBFjJDYyU9cTHBVK1F1CTCi6JUBDVfyBxqsT"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[program]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mod</span> <span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\">cookbook</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">super</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">read_multiple_instruction</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Context</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">ReadMultipleInstruction</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> creator_bump<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">u8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Result</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction_sysvar_account <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>accounts<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>instruction_sysvar_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction_sysvar_account_info <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_sysvar_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_account_info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> id <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">"8DJXJRV8DBFjJDYyU9cTHBVK1F1CTCi6JUBDVfyBxqsT"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> instruction_sysvar <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> instruction_sysvar_account_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">borrow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> idx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> num_instructions <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> idx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>_<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">NoInstructionFound</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> index <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>num_instructions <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>index <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> start <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n current <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> start <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> num_accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n current <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>num_accounts <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> program_id <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_pubkey</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> program_id <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> id\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token macro property\">msg!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">"Transaction had ix with program id {}"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> program_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token class-name\">MyError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">SuspiciousTransaction</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">into</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n <span class=\"token class-name\">Ok</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[instruction(creator_bump:u8)]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">ReadMultipleInstruction</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[account(address = sysvar::instructions::id())]</span>\n instruction_sysvar_account<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">UncheckedAccount</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token lifetime-annotation symbol\">'info</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[error_code]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">enum</span> <span class=\"token type-definition class-name\">MyError</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[msg(<span class=\"token string\">"No instructions found"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">NoInstructionFound</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n <span class=\"token attribute attr-name\">#[msg(<span class=\"token string\">"Suspicious transaction detected"</span>)]</span>\n <span class=\"token class-name\">SuspiciousTransaction</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">16</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">17</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">18</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">19</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">20</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">21</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">22</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">23</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">24</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">25</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">26</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">27</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">28</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">29</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">30</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">31</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">32</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">33</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">34</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">35</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">36</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">37</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">38</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">39</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">40</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">41</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">42</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">43</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">44</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">45</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">46</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">47</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">48</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">49</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">50</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">51</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">52</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">53</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">54</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">55</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">56</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">57</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">58</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">59</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">60</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">61</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">62</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">63</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">64</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class=\"hidden\" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class=\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"><pre class=\"language-rust\"><code><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> idx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> num_instructions <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> idx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">map_err</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token closure-params\"><span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span>_<span class=\"token closure-punctuation punctuation\">|</span></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token class-name\">NoInstructionFound</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> index <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>num_instructions <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n \n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>index <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> start <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n current <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> start <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> num_accounts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">read_u16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> current<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n current <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>num_accounts <span class=\"token keyword\">as</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre><div class=\"line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"line-number\">1</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">2</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">3</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">4</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">5</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">6</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">7</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">8</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">9</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">10</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">11</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">12</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">13</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">14</span><br><span class=\"line-number\">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class=\"page-meta\"><!----><div class=\"meta-item last-updated\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class=\"meta-item contributors\"><span class=\"meta-item-label\">Contributors: </span><span class=\"meta-item-info\"><!--[--><!--[--><span class=\"contributor\" title=\"email: aziz@okadoc.com\">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class=\"page-nav\"><p class=\"inner\"><span class=\"prev\"><a href=\"/id/references/accounts.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Akun\"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class=\"next\"><a href=\"/id/references/token.html\" class=\"\" aria-label=\"Interaksi dengan Token\"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>\n <script type=\"module\" src=\"/assets/app.07ce7a66.js\" defer></script>\n 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repo_id stringclasses 563
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