text stringlengths 186 8.61k | conversation_id int64 77.3k 898k | embedding list | cluster int64 93 93 |
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
The paradox of the link between health literacy and health promotion: the case of COVID-19
COVID-19 brought out the critical issues of public health messages and the relationship between health literacy, health promotion, and public health. The aim is to analyse these concepts to provide a framework in which mutual influences are ontologically analysed; more specifically this article will explore whether health promotion should improve health literacy or health literacy is actually a pre-requisite for understanding (and put into practice) health promotion/public health messages. Public health must protect the public from misinformation and on this nurses and other health care providers play a crucial role in supporting individuals and communities in the comprehension of public health messages. The paradox under analysis is the link between health literacy and health promotion; what the role of health literacy is when, as in the case of the recent outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, Public Health must address tens of hundreds of health promotion messages to the whole population. During the outbreak, there was an underlying uncertainty, every day new data and information emerged and every day something more was understood (or misunderstood) about the virus. There was a massive presence of COVID-19 misinformation, particularly on social media in terms of, among others, treatments, the utility of wearing mask, COVID-19 cases by age group, conspiracy theories, all added more confusion and uncertainty to the public. Public health must protect the public from misinfromation. While in practice actions have been put in place to improve patients' compliance with respect to health promotion it is unclear the ontological relationship between health promotion and health literacy within the Public Health context.
| 77,251 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Americans’ Perspectives on Online Media Warning Labels
Americans are pervasively exposed to social media, news, and online content. Some of this content is designed to be deliberately deceptive and manipulative. However, it is interspersed amongst other content from friends and family, advertising, and legitimate news. Filtering content violates key societal values of freedom of expression and inquiry. Taking no action, though, leaves users at the mercy of individuals and groups who seek to use both single articles and complex patterns of content to manipulate how Americans consume, act, work, and even think. Warning labels, which do not block content but instead aid the user in making informed consumption decisions, have been proposed as a potential solution to this dilemma. Ideally, they would respect the autonomy of users to determine what media they consume while combating intentional deception and manipulation through its identification to the user. This paper considers the perception of Americans regarding the use of warning labels to alert users to potentially deceptive content. It presents the results of a population representative national study and analysis of perceptions in terms of key demographics.
| 77,302 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Mythologizing Time in Internet Memes of the COVID-19 Pandemic Period
The article is devoted to the mythologization of time in Internet memes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors consider modern social mythology in the context of the digital humanities. Digitalization of human existence leads to the emergence of digital mythology, which allows us to comprehend the new electronic social reality and influences the formation of worldview. The myths of the digital age are embedded in the tools of social communication, one of which is the Internet meme. The authors define the Internet meme as a part of digital culture and a communication phenomenon that can transmit emotionally colored information and influence its perception. Internet memes contain myth elements that allow communicants to perceive the transmitted information with a high degree of efficiency. Memes make it possible for Internet users to describe the realities of a rapidly changing world, while at the same time comprehending it at a high speed, thanks to the recognition of the myth. Myths about the time have become particularly relevant during the pandemic, as they were associated with the need to adapt to new conditions of existence and accelerate digitalization. Internet memes about the year 2020 demonstrate the features of the mythologization of time in the pandemic period. © 2021 IEEE.
| 77,418 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Demand for Mobile Health in Developing Countries During COVID-19: Vietnamese's Perspectives from Different Age Groups and Health Conditions
BACKGROUND: Vietnam’s economy and intellectual standards have witnessed significant development, improving conditions for residents to acquire novel mHealth applications. Additionally, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced Vietnamese awareness of healthcare; however, previous studies have only been clinician-centered rather than customer-centered. METHODS: This study addresses this literature gap by interviewing 50 Vietnamese participants grouped by age, namely Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Z, and health conditions, namely whether participants or family members have chronic illness. The study utilized semi-structured and in-depth interviews to collect the data and used thematic analysis to analyze the data under the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology framework. RESULTS: Most participants were willing to adopt this technology and demanded a convenient and user-friendly one-stop-shop solution, endorsements from credible and authoritative sources, and professional customer services. However, each group also had distinctive demands and behaviors. CONCLUSION: This study contributes theoretically by providing context-rich demand for Vietnamese customers across three generations and healthcare conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic and comparing their behavior with pre-COVID literature. While this research provides helpful information for potential app developers, this study also suggests that mHealth developers and policymakers should pay more attention to the differences in the demand of age groups and health conditions.
| 77,451 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
An iterative topic model filtering framework for short and noisy user-generated data: analyzing conspiracy theories on twitter
Conspiracy theories have seen a rise in popularity in recent years. Spreading quickly through social media, their disruptive effect can lead to a biased public view on policy decisions and events. We present a novel approach for LDA-pre-processing called Iterative Filtering to study such phenomena based on Twitter data. In combination with Hashtag Pooling as an additional pre-processing step, we are able to achieve a coherent framing of the discussion and topics of interest, despite of the inherent noisiness and sparseness of Twitter data. Our novel approach enables researchers to gain detailed insights into discourses of interest on Twitter, allowing them to identify tweets iteratively that are related to an investigated topic of interest. As an application, we study the dynamics of conspiracy-related topics on US Twitter during the last four months of 2020, which were dominated by the US-Presidential Elections and Covid-19. We monitor the public discourse in the USA with geo-spatial Twitter data to identify conspiracy-related contents by estimating Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) Topic Models. We find that in this period, usual conspiracy-related topics played a marginal role in comparison with dominating topics, such as the US-Presidential Elections or the general discussions about Covid-19. The main conspiracy theories in this period were the ones linked to “Election Fraud” and the “Covid-19-hoax.” Conspiracy-related keywords tended to appear together with Trump-related words and words related to his presidential campaign.
| 77,581 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Types of Gameplay in Newsgames. Case of Persuasive Messages about COVID-19
Currently, independent video games have been presented as an alternative to approach the development of a ludic typology called newsgames in which, distancing themselves from the interests of the entertainment industry, a series of games related to the pandemic are presented. From here, we seek to examine the gameplay elements and persuasive messages of 17 “indie games”in the context of COVID-19, categorizing them according to types of newsgames and determining any patterns present among them. The results manifest a tendency towards tabloid newsgames, which are characterized by dealing with sensational, direct, and immediate information using humor and exaggeration to convey messages, which, in this case, focuses on biosafety measures such as hand washing, the use of alcohol for sanitation, and social distancing. On the part of the gameplay elements, a linear narrative is maintained, but it is mainly a sum of achievements to reach the game’s objectives. In short, independent newsgames are formalized as an instrument of diversification in media realities that allow for the presenting of information in an alternative way without depending on editorial lines within a crisis context, as has been the case during the pandemic.
| 77,773 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Communicating health crisis: a content analysis of global media framing of COVID-19.
Background: This study examines the global media framing of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) to understand the dominant frames and how choice of words compares in the media. Periods of health crisis such as the outbreak of coronavirus pandemic add to the enormous burden of the media in keeping people constantly informed. Extant literature suggests that when a message is released through the media, what matters most is not what is said but how it is said. As such, the media could either mitigate or accentuate the crisis depending on the major frames adopted for the coverage. Methods: The study utilises content analysis. Data were sourced from LexisNexis database and two websites that yielded 6145 items used for the analysis. Nine predetermined frames were used for the coding. Results: Human Interest and fear/scaremongering frames dominated the global media coverage of the pandemic. We align our finding with the constructionist frame perspective which assumes that the media as information processor creates 'interpretative packages' in order to both reflect and add to the 'issue culture' because frames that paradigmatically dominate event coverage also dominate audience response. The language of the coverage of COVID-19 combines gloom, hope, precaution and frustration at varied proportions. Conclusion: We conclude that global media coverage of COVID-19 was high, but the framing lacks coherence and sufficient self-efficacy and this can be associated with media's obsession for breaking news. The preponderance of these frames not only shapes public perception and attitudes towards the pandemic but also risks causing more problems for those with existing health conditions due to fear or panic attack.
| 77,794 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
The Role of Media Sources for COVID-19 Information on Engaging in Recommended Preventive Behaviors among Medicare Beneficiaries Aged ≥ 65 Years
OBJECTIVES: The public relies on various media sources and communication platforms for receipt of COVID-19 information. Therefore, identifying the primary sources of COVID-19 information among older adults can be valuable, as it can enable information on life-saving measures to be effectively disseminated to this population. METHODS: We analyzed the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey COVID-19 Supplement that was administrated from June 2020 through July 2020 (n=8,050). A survey-weighted logistic model was conducted to examine the association between sources of COVID-19 information Medicare beneficiaries most relied on (i.e., traditional news sources, social media, comments/guidance from government officials, other webpages/internet, friends/family members, and health care providers) and engaging in all three recommended preventive behaviors (i.e., mask wearing, social distancing, and handwashing). RESULTS: Among study participants, 89.8% engaged in all three recommended preventive behaviors. Approximately 59.3% of beneficiaries reported that they most relied upon traditional news sources for COVID-19 information; 11.4% reported health care providers; 10.6% reported comments/guidance from government officials; 8.8% reported other webpages/internet, 8.6% reported friends/family members; and 1.3% reported they relied upon social media. Beneficiaries who relied on comments/guidance from government officials for COVID-19 information (vs. traditional news sources) were more likely to engage in preventive behaviors (OR=1.68, 95% CI=1.20,2.35). However, those who relied on COVID-19 information from friends/family members (vs. traditional news sources) were less likely to engage in preventive behaviors (OR=0.56, 95% CI=0.44,0.73). DISCUSSION: Our findings can inform decision making about the effective communication sources to reach Medicare beneficiaries for public health messaging regarding preventive measures, including COVID-19 vaccination.
| 77,805 | [
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... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
The Covid-19 Infodemic and the Efficacy of Corrections
Social media platforms have taken unprecedented steps to combat misinformation about Covid-19. However, critics question whether the most common strategy – labeling and alerting readers to misinformation – successfully counters misinformation or paradoxically reinforces inaccurate beliefs. Using a pair of survey experiments, we examine the efficacy of two different corrections in reducing accuracy misperceptions and social media sharing that spreads false claims. Simply flagging fake headlines had little effect on subjects’ accuracy assessments and social media responses. Corrections explicitly countering false claims with factual information were more effective, though many respondents reported that they believed and would share the false information. Despite the increasing politicization of America’s pandemic response and polarization more generally, corrections to false claims with and without partisan valence were equally effective. We found no evidence of partisan backfire effects. The efficacy of corrections did vary with social media usage and age, a proxy for digital literacy. However, these moderating effects were inconsistent and often conflicting. Our results suggest that more aggressive corrections are essential to combating the Covid-19 infodemic;backlash risks are minimal and milder corrections ineffective.
| 77,896 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Understanding Public Perceptions of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Social Media Analysis
BACKGROUND: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 and its subsequent spread worldwide continues to be a global health crisis. Many governments consider contact tracing of citizens through apps installed on mobile phones as a key mechanism to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we sought to explore the suitability of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled social media analyses using Facebook and Twitter to understand public perceptions of COVID-19 contact tracing apps in the United Kingdom. METHODS: We extracted and analyzed over 10,000 relevant social media posts across an 8-month period, from March 1 to October 31, 2020. We used an initial filter with COVID-19-related keywords, which were predefined as part of an open Twitter-based COVID-19 dataset. We then applied a second filter using contract tracing app-related keywords and a geographical filter. We developed and utilized a hybrid, rule-based ensemble model, combining state-of-the-art lexicon rule-based and deep learning-based approaches. RESULTS: Overall, we observed 76% positive and 12% negative sentiments, with the majority of negative sentiments reported in the North of England. These sentiments varied over time, likely influenced by ongoing public debates around implementing app-based contact tracing by using a centralized model where data would be shared with the health service, compared with decentralized contact-tracing technology. CONCLUSIONS: Variations in sentiments corroborate with ongoing debates surrounding the information governance of health-related information. AI-enabled social media analysis of public attitudes in health care can help facilitate the implementation of effective public health campaigns.
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
"We Decided We Don't Want Children. We Will Let Them Know Tonight": Parental Humor on Social Media in a Time of Coronavirus Pandemic
A thematic analysis of humor circulating on Israeli social networks during the COVID-19 lockdown reveals challenges that parents faced Parents (mostly mothers) expressed the hardships of surviving quarantine while taking care of their children Their humor presents them as helpless, depressed, and even suicidal when they discover that none of their coping mechanisms help them Grandmothers escaped from caring for their grandchildren, and the relationships with remote schooling are contradictory, at best Overall, this article highlights the unique role that humor plays as an outlet for parents' anxieties and distress during the pandemic
| 77,981 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Choosing not to follow rules that will reduce the spread of COVID-19
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many authorities have implemented public health measures that place restrictions on individuals. Understanding how individuals respond to these new rules, particularly whether they are likely to follow or break them, is extremely important. Relational frame theory offers unique insights into rule-governed behavior, allowing researchers to develop functional-analytic interpretations of why a listener may understand a rule, have the required response established in their behavioral repertoire, and still choose not to follow the rule. Drawing from research on rule-following in accordance with relational frame theory and cognitive neuroscience, social psychology, and health literature, this paper presents reasons why a rule may be understood but not followed, identifying important considerations for implementing public health measures to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Specifically, rule-givers should attend to their credibility, authority and ability to mediate consequences, rule plausibility, establishing adequate motivative augmental control, whether the behavior specified in the rule opposes habits, and whether the message incites counterpliance.
| 78,010 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
#COVID-19 on Twitter: Bots, Conspiracies, and Social Media Activism
With people moving out of physical public spaces due to containment measures to tackle the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, online platforms become even more prominent tools to understand social discussion. Studying social media can be informative to assess how we are collectively coping with this unprecedented global crisis. However, social media platforms are also populated by bots, automated accounts that can amplify certain topics of discussion at the expense of others, possibly distorting the perception of the ongoing conversation. In this paper, we study 43.3M English tweets about COVID-19 and provide early evidence of the use of bots to promote political conspiracies in the US, but also as a tool to enable participatory activism to surface information that could otherwise be censored in China.
| 78,017 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Twitter as a Tool to Spread Communication Regarding Genitourinary Cancers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
OBJECTIVES: To better characterize the relay of information about prostate, kidney, and bladder cancer on Twitter in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tweets containing the joint hashtags “#COVID-19” and either “#bladder cancer”, “#kidney cancer”, or “#prostate cancer” were identified on the Twitter platform from January 1, 2020 to July 30, 2020. The Twitter handle responsible for each tweet was categorized as an Academic, Medical Education, Patient Advocacy Groups/Non-Profits, Pharmaceutical, or Other entity based on content domain. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data on Twitter handle characteristics stratified by disease category (bladder, kidney, and prostate). Median/interquartile range and percentages were used to summarize continuous and categorical data, respectively. Number of tweets containing the relevant joint hashtags were tracked over time in relation to the cumulative United States case count of COVID-19. RESULTS: The content of 730 total tweets containing the joint hashtags “COVID-19” and either “#bladder cancer” (138 tweets), “#kidney cancer” (137 tweets), or “#prostate cancer” (455 tweets) from January 1, 2020 to July 31, 2020 were analyzed. We identified 326 unique Twitter handles across all disease states (62 bladder, 47 kidney, and 217 prostate-related). Academic Twitter handles accounted for the greatest number of tweets containing the joint hashtags (31%). Temporal tracking of tweets with regard to monthly U.S. COVID cases revealed that communication surged in March of 2020 and peaked in April for both bladder and kidney cancer, whereas related prostate cancer Twitter communication peaked in May of 2020. CONCLUSIONS: As COVID-19 case counts rose in the United States initially, so too did communication surrounding COVID-19 and genitourinary cancers on Twitter. Many of these conversations were driven by academically-associated Twitter accounts.
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
A content analysis of Canadian influencer crisis messages on Instagram and the public’s response during COVID-19
Successful mitigation of emerging infectious disease requires that the public adopt recommended behaviours, which is directly influenced by effective crisis communication. Social media has become an important communication channel during COVID-19 where official actors, influencers, and the public are co-creating crisis messages. Our research examined COVID-19-related crisis messages across Canadian influencer accounts within news media, politicians, public health and government, science communicators, and brand influencer and celebrities, posted on Instagram between December 2019 and March 2021 for Health Belief Model and Extended Parallel Processing Model constructs and the corresponding public comment sentiment and engagement. Thirty-three influencer accounts resulted in a total of 2,642 Instagram posts collected, along with 461,436 comments, which showed overall low use of constructs in both captions and images. Further, most posts used no combinations (n = 0 or 1 construct per post) of constructs in captions and images and very infrequently used captions that combined threat (severity and susceptibility) with cues to action and efficacy. Brand influencers and celebrities, politicians, and science communicators had above average post engagement while public health and government and news media had lower. Finally, most influencers saw the largest proportion of neutral sentiment comments. Crisis messages must be designed to include combinations of constructs that increase message acceptance and influence risk perception and efficacy to increase the adoption of recommended and mandated behaviours.
| 78,166 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
An analysis of Twitter users opinions on vaccines using Machine Learning techniques
Vaccines are an old technique, known and used for over 200 years. However, it is likely that the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic made the public debate around this technology become polarized at a level never seen before. Thus, this work aims to determine and understand factors that lead Brazilian users on Twitter to be favorable or not to vaccines by first determining users' stances in relation to the vaccination topic and then using Machine Learning methods to infer demographic information and determine which are the socio-demographic factors that cause the greatest impact on users' opinions on vaccines. First, a data set composed of relevant demographic information from users who stand for or against vaccines was generated. Then, from the collected data, charts were generated showing the distributions of the obtained demographic information and Machine Learning algorithms were applied to the data set in order to generate relevant models for the research. Finally, the information collected in the previous steps was analyzed in order to draw relevant conclusions about how each demographic factor considered influences the formation of Twitter users opinions on vaccines and their use. The methodology proposed produced informative and pertinent results, and it was possible to determine that age and location are the factors that cause the most significant influence on users' opinions. Our work proposes an efficient and agile framework that can be easily and readily implemented and extended to understand not only stances on vaccines, but also opinions on any subject of public debate. © 2021 IEEE.
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
EXPRESS: Local Impact of Global Crises, Institutional Trust, and Consumer Well-being: Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Global crises become increasingly more frequent and consequential Yet, the impact of these crises is unevenly distributed across countries, leading to discrepancies in (inter)national crisis-regulating institutions? ability to uphold public trust and safeguard their constituents? well-being Employing the paradigm of citizens as customers of political institutions, drawing on attribution and socio-political trust theories, and using the COVID-19 pandemic as empirical context, we investigate how consumers? relative perceptions of local impact following a global crisis affect the psychological processes of institutional trust-formation and consumer well-being Conducting one survey-based study in two countries affected disproportionately by the pandemic?s first wave (USA, Greece) and one experimental study in a third country (Italy) during the pandemic?s second wave, we find that institutional trust declines more in countries whose citizens hold perceptions of higher relative local impact following a global crisis;institutional blame attributions explain trust erosion;institutional distrust decreases consumer well-being and adherence to institutional guidelines;consumers? globalization attitudes immunize international institutions from blame and distrust;and political conservatives transfer blame and distrust from national to international institutions amidst global crises The findings enrich institutional branding and trust literatures and have implications for stakeholders involved in global crisis-management (policymakers, political marketers, institutional brand managers)
| 78,518 | [
-0.1907958984375,
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-0.3791... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Association of "#covid19" Versus "#chinesevirus" With Anti-Asian Sentiments on Twitter: March 9-23, 2020.
Objectives. To examine the extent to which the phrases, "COVID-19" and "Chinese virus" were associated with anti-Asian sentiments.Methods. Data were collected from Twitter's Application Programming Interface, which included the hashtags "#covid19" or "#chinesevirus." We analyzed tweets from March 9 to 23, 2020, corresponding to the week before and the week after President Donald J. Trump's tweet with the phrase, "Chinese Virus." Our analysis focused on 1 273 141 hashtags.Results. One fifth (19.7%) of the 495 289 hashtags with #covid19 showed anti-Asian sentiment, compared with half (50.4%) of the 777 852 hashtags with #chinesevirus. When comparing the week before March 16, 2020, to the week after, there was a significantly greater increase in anti-Asian hashtags associated with #chinesevirus compared with #covid19 (P < .001).Conclusions. Our data provide new empirical evidence supporting recommendations to use the less-stigmatizing term "COVID-19," instead of "Chinese virus." (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print March 18, 2021: e1-e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306154).
| 78,548 | [
-0.0968017578125,
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0.2152099609375,
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0.2509765625,
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0.171875,
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-0.96435546875... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Understanding Adverse Population Sentiment Towards the Spread of COVID-19 in the United States
Background - During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the immediate threat of illness and mortality is not the only concern. In the United States, COVID-19 is not only causing physical suffering to patients, but also great levels of adverse sentiment (e.g., fear, panic, anxiety) among the public. Such secondary threats can be anticipated and explained through sentiment analysis of social media, such as Twitter. Methods - We obtained a dataset of geotagged tweets on the topic of COVID-19 in the contiguous United States during the period of 11/1/2019 - 9/15/2020. We classified each tweet into "adverse" and "non-adverse" using the NRC Emotion Lexicon and tallied up the counts for each category per county per day. We utilized the space-time scan statistic to find clusters and a three-stage regression approach to identify socioeconomic and demographic correlates of adverse sentiment. Results - We identified substantial spatiotemporal variation in adverse sentiment in our study area/period. After an initial period of low-level adverse sentiment (11/1/2019 - 1/15/2020), we observed a steep increase and subsequent fluctuation at a higher level (1/16/2020 - 9/15/2020). The number of daily tweets was low initially (11/1/2019 - 1/22/2020), followed by spikes and subsequent decreases until the end of the study period. The space-time scan statistic identified 12 clusters of adverse sentiment of varying size, location, and strength. Clusters were generally active during the time period of late March to May/June 2020. Increased adverse sentiment was associated with decreased racial/ethnic heterogeneity, decreased rurality, higher vulnerability in terms of minority status and language, and housing type and transportation. Conclusions - We utilized a dataset of geotagged tweets to identify the spatiotemporal patterns and the spatial correlates of adverse population sentiment during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. The characteristics of areas with high adverse sentiment may be relevant for communication of containment measures. The combination of spatial clustering and regression can be beneficial for understanding of the ramifications of COVID-19, as well as disease outbreaks in general.
| 78,551 | [
0.03277587890625,
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0.022... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
How 3D Printing and Social Media Tackles the PPE Shortage during Covid – 19 Pandemic
During the recent Covid-19 pandemic, additive Technology and Social Media were used to tackle the shortage of Personal Protective Equipment. A literature review and a social media listening software were employed to explore the number of the users referring to specific keywords related to 3D printing and PPE. Additionally, the QALY model was recruited to highlight the importance of the PPE usage. More than 7 billion users used the keyword covid or similar in the web while mainly Twitter and Facebook were used as a world platform for PPE designs distribution through individuals and more than 100 different 3D printable PPE designs were developed.
| 78,595 | [
0.1695556640625,
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-0.5747070... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Understanding Global Reaction to the Recent Outbreaks of COVID-19: Insights from Instagram Data Analysis
The coronavirus disease, also known as the COVID-19, is an ongoing pandemic of a severe acute respiratory syndrome. The pandemic has led to the cancellation of many religious, political, and cultural events around the world. A huge number of people have been stuck within their homes because of unprecedented lockdown measures taken globally. This paper examines the reaction of individuals to the virus outbreak-through the analytical lens of specific hashtags on the Instagram platform. The Instagram posts are analyzed in an attempt to surface commonalities in the way that individuals use visual social media when reacting to this crisis. After collecting the data, the posts containing the location data are selected. A portion of these data are chosen randomly and are categorized into five different categories. We perform several manual analyses to get insights into our collected dataset. Afterward, we use the ResNet-50 convolutional neural network for classifying the images associated with the posts, and attention-based LSTM networks for performing the caption classification. This paper discovers a range of emerging norms on social media in global crisis moments. The obtained results indicate that our proposed methodology can be used to automate the sentiment analysis of mass people using Instagram data.
| 78,650 | [
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-0... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
White Paper: Open Digital Health - accelerating transparent and scalable health promotion and treatment.
In this White Paper, we outline recommendations from the perspective of health psychology and behavioural science, addressing three research gaps: (1) What methods in the health psychology research toolkit can be best used for developing and evaluating digital health tools? (2) What are the most feasible strategies to reuse digital health tools across populations and settings? (3) What are the main advantages and challenges of sharing (openly publishing) data, code, intervention content and design features of digital health tools? We provide actionable suggestions for researchers joining the continuously growing Open Digital Health movement, poised to revolutionise health psychology research and practice in the coming years. This White Paper is positioned in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic, exploring how digital health tools have rapidly gained popularity in 2020-2022, when world-wide health promotion and treatment efforts rapidly shifted from face-to-face to remote delivery. This statement is written by the Directors of the not-for-profit Open Digital Health Initiative (n = 6), Experts attending the European Health Psychology Society Synergy Expert Meeting (n = 17), and the initiative consultant following a two-day meeting (19-20th August 2021).
| 78,727 | [
0.04376220703125,
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... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Media trust and infection mitigating behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented public health crisis. It is becoming increasingly clear that people’s behavioural responses in the USA during this fast-changing pandemic are associated with their preferred media sources. The polarisation of US media has been reflected in politically motivated messaging around the coronavirus by some media outlets, such as Fox News. This resulted in different messaging around the risks of infection and behavioural changes necessary to mitigate that risk. This study determined if COVID-related behaviours differed according to trust in left-leaning or right-leaning media and how differences changed over the first several months of the pandemic. METHODS: Using the nationally representative Understanding America Study COVID-19 panel, we examine preventive and risky behaviours related to infection from COVID-19 over the period from 10 March to 9 June for people with trust in different media sources: one left-leaning, CNN and another right-leaning, Fox News. People’s media preferences are categorised into three groups: (1) those who trust CNN more than Fox News; (2) those who have equal or no preferences and (3) those who trust Fox News more than CNN. RESULTS: Results showed that compared with those who trust CNN more than Fox news, people who trust Fox News more than CNN engaged in fewer preventive behaviours and more risky behaviours related to COVID-19. Out of five preventive and five risky behaviours examined, people who trust Fox News more than CNN practised an average of 3.41 preventive behaviours and 1.25 risky behaviours, while those who trust CNN more than Fox News engaged in an average of 3.85 preventive and 0.94 risky behaviours, from late March to June. The difference between these two groups widened in the month of May (p≤0.01), even after controlling for access to professional information and overall diversity of information sources. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that behavioural responses were divided along media bias lines. In such a highly partisan environment, false information can be easily disseminated, and health messaging, which is one of the few effective ways to slowdown the spread of the virus in the absence of a vaccine, is being damaged by politically biased and economically focused narratives. During a public health crisis, media should reduce their partisan stance on health information, and the health messaging from neutral and professional sources based on scientific findings should be better promoted.
| 78,749 | [
0.2325439453125,
0.1083984375,
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0.392822265625,
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0.0230712890625,
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-0.3349609375,
-0.525390625,
-0.086669921875,
-0.5205078125,
-0.670410... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
The negative consequences of failing to communicate uncertainties during a pandemic:The case of COVID-19 vaccines
Uncertainties pervade our health choices, particularly in the context of a novel pandemic. Despite this, rather little is known about when and how to effectively communicate these uncertainties. The focus in the medical literature so far has been on how patients respond to mentions of uncertainty relating to diagnosis or treatment, showing that these can have detrimental effects on trust and satisfaction. On the other hand, how patients are affected by these communications over time, particularly in the face of conflicting information, has received little attention. This is particularly important in the context a novel pandemic where uncertainty is rife and information changes over time. To fill this gap, we conducted an online study with UK participants on hypothetical communications relating to COVID-19 vaccines. Participants first read a vaccine announcement, which either communicated with certainty or uncertainty, and then received information which conflicted with the announcement. Those who were exposed to the certain announcement reported a greater loss of trust and vaccination intention than those who were exposed to the uncertain announcement. This shows that communicating with unwarranted certainty can backfire in the long-term, whereas communicating uncertainties can protect people from the negative impact of exposure to conflicting information.
| 78,771 | [
0.08648681640625,
0.033294677734375,
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0.71044921875,
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-1.04296875,
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0.3583984375,
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-0.50341796875,
0.1783447265625,
-0.481689453125,
-0.278... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Evidence of the psychological effects of pseudoscientific information about COVID-19 on rural and urban populations.
This research aims to analyze the effects of pseudoscientific information (PI) about COVID-19 on the mental well-being of the general population. A total of 782 participants were classified according to the type of municipality in which they lived (rural municipalities and urban municipalities). The participants answered psychometric questionnaires that assessed psychological well-being, pseudoscientific beliefs and the ability to discriminate between scientific and pseudoscientific information about COVID-19. The results indicated the following: the greater the ability to discriminate between false information and true information, the greater the levels of psychological well-being perceived by the participant. The ability to discriminate predicts up to 32% of psychological well-being only for subjects living in rural municipalities. Residents in urban municipalities showed lower levels of well-being than residents in rural municipalities. It is concluded that new social resources are needed to help the general population of urban municipalities discriminate between pseudoscientific and scientific information.
| 78,784 | [
0.01959228515625,
-0.2271728515625,
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0.56103515625,
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-0.87744140625,
-0.4... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Perils of digital intimacy. A classification framework for privacy, security, and safety risks on dating apps
Dating apps have become increasingly popular, even more so in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Users rely on the anticipated results and perceived usefulness of dating apps, sometimes for extended periods of time. To create successful products, designers of dating apps aim to create sociotechnical structures that are attractive, easily usable, and profitable, thus raising challenges for security and privacy. The design of an app shapes users' experience and cultivates the ground for new practices. Tinder is one of the dating apps that has stirred controversy around its gamified design, and around the technical flaws that impact privacy and security. In this case study, we rely on participative observation and secondary analysis of scientific and journalistic investigations to systematize the implications brought by Tinder's design, to highlight and to classify the types of documented privacy, security, and personal safety risks for dating app users. © 2021 IEEE.
| 78,832 | [
-0.14794921875,
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0.3916015625,
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-0.88232421875,
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0.40576171875,
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-0.374511718... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
When Public Health Research Meets Social Media: Knowledge Mapping From 2000 to 2018
BACKGROUND: Social media has substantially changed how people confront health issues. However, a comprehensive understanding of how social media has altered the foci and methods in public health research remains lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine research themes, the role of social media, and research methods in social media–based public health research published from 2000 to 2018. METHODS: A dataset of 3419 valid studies was developed by searching a list of relevant keywords in the Web of Science and PubMed databases. In addition, this study employs an unsupervised text-mining technique and topic modeling to extract research themes of the published studies. Moreover, the role of social media and research methods adopted in those studies were analyzed. RESULTS: This study identifies 25 research themes, covering different diseases, various population groups, physical and mental health, and other significant issues. Social media assumes two major roles in public health research: produce substantial research interest for public health research and furnish a research context for public health research. Social media provides substantial research interest for public health research when used for health intervention, human-computer interaction, as a platform of social influence, and for disease surveillance, risk assessment, or prevention. Social media acts as a research context for public health research when it is mere reference, used as a platform to recruit participants, and as a platform for data collection. While both qualitative and quantitative methods are frequently used in this emerging area, cutting edge computational methods play a marginal role. CONCLUSIONS: Social media enables scholars to study new phenomena and propose new research questions in public health research. Meanwhile, the methodological potential of social media in public health research needs to be further explored.
| 78,890 | [
-0.2734375,
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0.1895751953125,
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0.129150390625,
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-0.861816... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Media coverage of the novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) in Kenya and Tanzania: Content analysis of newspaper articles in East Africa
Abstract: This study uses the framing theory to analyse dimensions being conveyed in the coverage of COVID-19 in Kenya and Tanzania between February 2020 and April 2020. A quantitative analysis of the Daily Nation and Citizen newspapers showed different patterns of framing of the virus. Specifically, this analysis focuses on multiple frames used by the two newspapers with respect to the following topical categories: context, basic information, preventive information, treatment information, medical research, Social context, Economic context, Political context, personal stories and other. Although the Daily Nation published more stories than the Citizen Newspaper, only the frame personal stories were significantly higher in the Daily Nation compared to Citizen Newspapers.
| 78,940 | [
0.025299072265625,
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0.0260467529296875,
-0.68457031... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
The State of Infodemic on Twitter
Following the wave of misinterpreted, manipulated and malicious information growing on the Internet, the misinformation surrounding COVID-19 has become a paramount issue. In the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic, social media posts and platforms are at risk of rumors and misinformation in the face of the serious uncertainty surrounding the virus itself. At the same time, the uncertainty and new nature of COVID-19 means that other unconfirmed information that may appear"rumored"may be an important indicator of the behavior and impact of this new virus. Twitter, in particular, has taken a center stage in this storm where Covid-19 has been a much talked about subject. We have presented an exploratory analysis of the tweets and the users who are involved in spreading misinformation and then delved into machine learning models and natural language processing techniques to identify if a tweet contains misinformation.
| 79,020 | [
0.32275390625,
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... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
The Security Versus Freedom Dilemma. An Empirical Study of the Spanish Case
One of the classic debates in public opinion, now more prevalent due to the COVID-19 pandemic, has been the dilemma between freedom and security. Following a theoretical review, this article sets out to establish the sociodemographic profiles and those variables that can correlate and/or explain the inclination towards one or the other, that is, the dependent variable “freedom-security,” such as victimization or the assessment of surveillance. The analysis is based on the results of a survey prepared by the Center for Sociological Research (CIS, in Spanish) and administered to a sample of 5,920 Spaniards. The conclusions indicate that the majority inclination is for security, especially among older men, with elementary education attainment level and right-wing ideology. Furthermore, although victimization correlated with the dependent variable, the perception of being a possible victim led to a preference for safety rather than the actual experience of having been a victim. Finally, the positive assessment of surveillance through technologies such as video cameras explains or is strongly associated with security, making it a promising line of research for future work and a means to improve the understanding of the analyzed dilemma.
| 79,202 | [
0.0201263427734375,
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0.67138671875,
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0.265625,
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... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Dehumanization through humour and conspiracies in online hate towards Chinese people during the COVID-19 pandemic
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been widespread conversations about the origins of the virus and who to blame for it. This article focuses on the online hate directed at Chinese and Asian people during the pandemic. Taking a critical discursive psychological approach, we analysed seven online threads related to COVID-19 and China from two Finnish websites (Suomi24 and Ylilauta) and one US (8kun) site. We identified three discursive trends associated with dehumanising Chinese populations: 'monstrous Chinese', 'immoral Chinese' and 'China as a threat', which created different forms of dehumanisation on a continuum from harsher dehumanisation to milder depersonalisation. The animalistic metaphors, coarse language, humorous frames and conspiracy beliefs worked to rhetorically justify the dehumanisation of Chinese individuals, making it more acceptable to portray them as a homogeneous and inhumane mass of people that deserves to be attacked. This study contributes to the field of discursive research on dehumanisation by deepening our knowledge of the specific features of Sinophobic hate speech.
| 79,532 | [
0.136474609375,
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0.27197265625,
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... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Social media in health care: Exploring its use by health-care professionals in Greece
The lockdown restrictions that have emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic have reshaped the way people live, work, and interact with each other. At the same time, it changed the way health-care professionals and national health-care systems around the world are fighting in this battle for public health. Social media (SoMe) have played their informational role in this fight with almost one-third of the world's population being active users of social media platforms. Contemporary health-care systems have tried to find ways to engage more actively with SoMe as Internet users are increasingly searching for health information on social media platforms. As a result, new demand-side levers arise in the health-care sector along with new opportunities and risks for the stakeholders. Our study looked into the responses of 173 health-care professionals in Greece. SoMe are here to stay and the majority of health-care professionals embrace them in their professional lives. Quality in health information and the work context of Greek health-care professionals in our cohort contribute to attitudes and perceptions of social media use in health care.
| 79,535 | [
-0.052642822265625,
-0.21484375,
-0.763671875,
0.990234375,
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0.201416015625,
0.474609375,
1.017578125,
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0.186279296875,
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0.12109375,
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-0.8671875,
-0.165893... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Social media and the spread of COVID-19 infodemic
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the social media application and the spread of COVID-19 infodemic in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach: A descriptive survey research design was used for this study. A total of 1,200 social media users, regardless of their professions, were randomly selected for the study betweenmid-June and July 2020. Stratified and purposive sampling techniques were used for this study. The questionnaire was designed using Google form and administered using WhatsApp and Telegram to social media users above 18 years old in Nigeria. The data generated was analyzed using descriptive (frequency count) and inferential (mean) statistics, and was presented in tables. Findings: It was found that people make use of social media during COVID-19 pandemic for diverse reasons such as listening to announcement to be informed, knowing the necessary measures to take by those infected and spreading up-to-date information on the pandemic. Social media tools were highly used during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially WhatsApp and Zoom. Findings reflected that misinformation was spread on social media. This study also showed that the infodemic associated with COVID-19 is managed by confirming the source of the information before sharing it and trusting information from reliable sources. Research limitations/implications: The result of this research will contribute to the body of knowledge on social media application, fake news and the spread of COVID-19 infodemic in Nigeria and beyond. Practical implications: Infodemic is a disaster in the health sector. The spread of infodemic is capable of misleading people, losing trust in government, health providers and health regulatory authorities. This study will help social media users to know how to properly manage social media infodemic during a pandemic or any health-related situations. Originality/value: This study is novel as it approaches fake news from a COVID-19 perspective. Very few articles emanate from the developing countries in this area. This was because most of the narrative around fake news previously centered around the Western occurrences such as the Iraqi invasion by the USA, the US presidential elections and BREXIT. COVID-19 has demonstrated that the developing world is not immune from fake news as well. This study, therefore, assessed the management of infodemic associated with COVID-19 in Nigeria. © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited.
| 79,579 | [
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... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
"Immune Boosting" in the time of COVID: selling immunity on Instagram
"Immune boosting" is a trending topic during the COVID-19 pandemic The concept of "immune boosting" is scientifically misleading and often used to market unproven products and therapies This paper presents an analysis of popular immune-boosting posts from Instagram Of the sampled posts, all promoted "immune boosting" as beneficial, nearly all involved commercial interests, and many used scientific and medical rhetoric in their messaging
| 79,720 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Digital Skills and Skills to Deal with COVID-19 Information: Sociodemographic Differences in a Cross-Sectional Study
In the current COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of digital media as a source of information for health-related behavior is impressively demonstrated. Until now there has been a lack of national research on the influence of socioeconomic differences in digital literacy and in the use of COVID-19 information. This study aims to analyze the influence of educational status and subjective social status on digital literacy and on the ability in using COVID-19 information. Data from a cross-sectional online survey were used. The results indicate social differences in digital literacy and in the ability to critically evaluate COVID-19 information.
| 79,802 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Explaining citizens' resistance to use digital contact tracing apps: A mixed-methods study: SSIS
Governments worldwide are using digital contact tracing (DCT) apps as a critical element in their COVID-19 pandemic lockdown exit strategy. Despite substantial investment in research and development, the public's acceptance of DCT apps has been phenomenally low, signaling resistance among potential users. Little is known about why people would resist using the DCT app, a useful innovation that can potentially save millions of human lives. This study explores the determinants and consequences of citizens' resistance to use DCT apps using a sequential two-stage mixed-methods approach. The preliminary qualitative study analyzed interviews of 24 Indian smartphone users who chose not to use or discontinued the DCT app after an initial trial. In the quantitative stage, an integrated model based on innovation resistance theory and distrust theory was tested using the survey data collected from 194 non-adopters of the DCT app from India. The findings revealed that the factors, distrust, value barrier, information privacy concerns, and usage barrier predicted the resistance to the DCT app, and resistance, in turn, predicted intention to use. Additionally, distrust was found to be a key mediator between innovation barriers and resistance. The insights from this study could help the developers and policymakers formulate strategies for implementing DCT interventions during future disease outbreaks.
| 79,946 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
“If we move, it moves with us:” Physical distancing in Africa during COVID-19
Health behaviors to prevent the spread of infectious diseases are often subject to collective action problems, and social norms can play an important role in inducing compliance In this paper, we study knowledge, beliefs, and behavior related to one such practice during the COVID-19 pandemic – physical distancing – using an online survey of social media users in Kenya, Nigeria, and Uganda We find that, while there is widespread knowledge that physical distancing reduces the spread of the virus, respondents underestimate their peers’ support for policies designed to enforce physical distancing, expect others not to practice physical distancing, and do not maintain physical distance themselves However, more than half of respondents wrote a message to encourage others to practice physical distancing Findings from survey experiments suggest that making salient the social and material costs for not keeping physical distance were insufficient to encourage compliance, suggestive of the absence of a social norm of physical distancing at the time Given the large gap between own attitudes and expectations of others’ attitudes toward lockdown policies, we propose that providing information on the extent of public support for physical distancing in citizens’ own words may encourage compliance in the future
| 79,973 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
The impact of face masks on interpersonal trust in times of COVID-19
Despite the widespread use of face masks to combat COVID-19, little is known about their social and behavioral consequences. To understand the impact of face masks on interpersonal trust, we designed a novel experiment to assess the causal impact of face mask use on whether individuals follow economically relevant advice from a stranger. From a survey of more than 2000 US citizens, conducted during July and August 2020, we find that almost 5% fewer individuals trust advice when it is given by someone wearing a mask than when it is given by someone not wearing a mask. While, surprisingly, health-related risks do not seem to alter the way masks affect trust, the effects of masks are particularly large among individuals whose households face economic risks due to COVID-19 and those with below-average normative beliefs about mask wearing. Our results highlight the non-health-related meaning that face masks have developed during COVID-19 and suggest that mask use undermines trust in others among a substantial share of the US population.
| 80,129 | [
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-0.3857421... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
A Study of Knowledge Sharing related to Covid-19 Pandemic in Stack Overflow
The Covid-19 outbreak, beyond its tragic effects, has changed to an unprecedented extent almost every aspect of human activity throughout the world. At the same time, the pandemic has stimulated enormous amount of research by scientists across various disciplines, seeking to study the phenomenon itself, its epidemiological characteristics and ways to confront its consequences. Information Technology, and particularly Data Science, drive innovation in all related to Covid-19 biomedical fields. Acknowledging that software developers routinely resort to open question and answer communities like Stack Overflow to seek advice on solving technical issues, we have performed an empirical study to investigate the extent, evolution and characteristics of Covid-19 related posts. In particular, through the study of 464 Stack Overflow questions posted mainly in February and March 2020 and leveraging the power of text mining, we attempt to shed light into the interest of developers in Covid-19 related topics and the most popular technological problems for which the users seek information. The findings reveal that indeed this global crisis sparked off an intense and increasing activity in Stack Overflow with most post topics reflecting a strong interest on the analysis of Covid-19 data, primarily using Python technologies.
| 80,193 | [
0.1016845703125,
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-0.521484375... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
From Fear to Hate: How the COVID-19 Pandemic Sparks Racial Animus in the United States
We estimate the effect of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on racial animus as measured by Google searches and Twitter posts, including a commonly used anti-
| 80,253 | [
0.1669921875,
0.07421875,
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0.... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Testing three explanations for stigmatization of people of Asian descent during COVID-19: maladaptive coping, biased media use, or racial prejudice?
OBJECTIVE To investigate factors associated with the stigmatization of people of Asian descent during COVID-19 in the United States and factors that can mitigate or prevent stigmatization. DESIGN A national sample survey of adults (N = 842) was conducted online between May 11 and May 19, 2020. Outcome variables were two dimensions of stigmatization, responsibility and persons as risk. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Racial prejudice, maladaptive coping, and biased media use each explained stigmatization. Racial prejudice, comprising stereotypical beliefs and emotion toward Asian Americans, was a stronger predictor of stigmatization than maladaptive coping or biased media use. Fear concerning the ongoing COVID-19 situation and the use of social media and partisan cable TV also predicted stigmatization. Low self-efficacy in dealing with COVID-19, when associated with high estimated harm of COVID-19, increased stigmatization. High perceived institutional efficacy in the handling of COVID-19 increased stigmatization when linked to high estimated harm of COVID-19. On the other hand, high perceived collective efficacy in coping with COVID-19 was associated with low stigmatization. More indirect contacts with Asians via the media predicted less stigmatization. CONCLUSIONS Efforts to reduce stigmatization should address racial stereotypes and emotions, maladaptive coping, and biased media use by providing education and resources to the public. Fostering collective efficacy and media-based contacts with Asian Americans can facilitate these efforts.
| 80,294 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
The Design Linkage Mechanism of Crowd Intelligence to Respond to Public Emergencies
The sudden attack of the COVID-19 has impacted the world economy and society and has also changed the design background. Based on the theory of crowd intelligence design, combined with the online investigation and empirical research, this article collects and summarizes the measures taken by multiple organizations to solve problems during the epidemic. And on this basis, a collaborative network for responding to public emergencies and an emergency linkage path combining “top-down” and “bottom-up” are further constructed. Finally, it puts forward a four-point outlook to respond to public emergencies, to provide more potential directions for follow-up related practical researches in academia and industry. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
| 80,701 | [
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0.010955810546875,
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... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Adapting to Mitigation Efforts: Evolving Strategies of Coordinated Link Sharing on Facebook
In the context of a larger study on the spread of COVID-19 related mis/disinformation in Italy, we detected a network of 26 Facebook Pages that performed Coordinated Link Sharing. The potential reach of the network is significant, with a cumulative subscriber count close to 6 million users. Each month, the network publishes more than 18,000 posts. Half of the posts are type photos (64%), followed by status (22%) and links (14%). However, one third of the photos include links in the message/description of the post. The goal of the network is to drive traffic to the howtodofor.com domain, a news source that, according to NewsGuard, fails to meet several basic journalistic standards and republished articles from other media without mentioning the original source. The network is organized in different clusters that, beside various forms of links pointing to the main domain, also post the same image macros at approximately the same time. These types of posts tend to perform better in terms of volume of interaction received. Beside the obvious economic driver, one specific cluster also appears to be ideologically motivated. Over the year, the network experimented with different strategies aimed at maximizing the exposure of their content and, possibly, sidestepping Facebook’s community standard. Starting in March, a growing number of the links shared are posted in the first comment of click-bait posts (either photos or status). More recently, the network also started posting links to well-respected journalistic news sources such as La Repubblica and La Stampa.
| 80,724 | [
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0... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
#SupportLocal: how online food delivery services leveraged the COVID-19 pandemic to promote food and beverages on Instagram
OBJECTIVE: To explore the promotion of discretionary foods/beverages and marketing strategies employed by the top three online food delivery services’ (OFDS) Instagram accounts in three countries before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. DESIGN: Publicly available data were extracted for the top three OFDS Instagram accounts for Australia, United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (USA) from March to May 2019 and 2020. Food/beverage items from posts were classified as ‘discretionary’ or from the five food groups (FFG) according to the Australian Dietary Guidelines. Marketing strategies were coded using an existing framework. Posts referring to COVID-19 were coded under four marketing strategies: (i) appropriating frontline workers; (ii) combatting the pandemic; (iii) selling social distancing; and (iv) accelerating digitalisation. RESULTS: From 581 posts, 618 food/beverage items were shown, of which 69 % (427/618) were classified as discretionary. In 2019, the most used marketing strategies were product imagery (unbranded) (137/195, 70 %), links (111/195, 57 %) and sponsorships/partnerships (58/195, 30 %). In 2020, the most used were links (252/386, 68 %), product imagery (unbranded) (179/386, 49 %) and branding elements (175/386, 45 %). The most common COVID-19 marketing strategy was combatting the pandemic (76/123, 62 %) followed by selling social distancing (53/123, 43 %), appropriating frontline workers (34/123, 28 %) and accelerating digitalisation (32/123, 26 %). CONCLUSIONS: Following the COVID-19 pandemic, OFDS adapted their marketing, creating content with the theme of ‘combatting the pandemic’. Due to the growing number of discretionary foods/beverages promoted on Instagram, this highlights the need for policy action to counter the potential influence social media platforms have on dietary behaviours.
| 80,785 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Socially Optimal Mistakes? Debiasing COVID-19 Mortality Risk Perceptions and Prosocial Behavior
The perception of risk affects how people behave during crises. We conduct a series of experiments to explore how people form COVID-19 mortality risk beliefs and the implications for prosocial behavior. We first document that people overestimate their own risk and that of young people, while underestimating the risk old people face. We show that the availability heuristic contributes to these biased beliefs. Using information about the actual risk to debias people's own risk perception does not affect donations to the Centers for Disease Control but does decrease the amount of time invested in learning how to protect older people. This constitutes a debiasing social dilemma. Additionally providing information on the risk for the elderly, however, counteracts these negative effects. Importantly, debiasing seems to operate through the subjective categorization of and emotional response to new information.
| 80,952 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
The Effect of Persuasive Messages in Promoting Home-Based Physical Activity During COVID-19 Pandemic
We tested the plausibility of a persuasion model to understand the effects of messages framed in terms of gain, non-loss, loss, and non-gain, and related to the physical, mental and social consequences of doing physical activity at home during the lockdown restrictions. 272 Italian participants responded to a questionnaire on their attitude and intention at Time 1, frequency of past behavior, and self-efficacy related to exercising at home. Then, participants were randomly assigned to four different message conditions: (a) gain messages focused on the positive outcomes associated with doing physical activity at home; (b) non-loss messages focused on the avoided negative outcomes associated with doing physical activity at home; (d) loss messages focused on the negative outcomes associated with not doing physical activity at home; (c) non-gain messages focused on the missed positive outcomes associated with not doing physical activity at home. After reading the messages, participants answered a series of questions regarding their perception of threat and fear, their evaluation of the messages, and their attitude and intention toward exercising at home at Time 2. Using multigroup structural equation modeling, we compared message conditions, and tested whether the effects of the messages on attitude and intention at Time 2 were mediated by message-induced threat, message-induced fear, and message evaluation. Results showed that the perception of the messages as not threatening was the key point to activate a positive evaluation of the recommendation. The highest persuasive effect was observed in the case of the non-loss frame, which did not threaten the receivers, triggered a moderated fear and, in turn, activated a positive evaluation of the recommendation, as well as higher attitude and intention to do home-based physical activity at Time 2. Overall, these results advance our comprehension of the effects of message framing on receivers' attitudes and intentions toward home-based physical activity.
| 80,978 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Correlation Analysis of Spatio-temporal Arabic COVID-19 Tweets
Since the recent COVID-19 outbreak, several researchers have begun to focus on various difficulties to data mining of social data to study people's reactions to the outbreak. Recent approaches have mostly concentrated on the analysis of social data in the English language. In this study, we present an in-depth social data mining approach to extract Spatio-temporal and semantic insights about the COVID-19 pandemic from the Arabic social data. We developed sentiment-based categorization methods to extract major topics at various location granularities (regions/cities). Besides, we used topic ion levels (subtopics and main topics). A correlation-based analysis of Arabic tweets and official health provider data will also be presented. Furthermore, we used occurrence-based and statistical correlation methodologies to create many topic-based analysis mechanisms. Our findings demonstrate a positive association between top subjects (for example, lockdown and vaccine) and the increasing number of COVID-19 new cases, but unfavorable attitudes among Arab Twitter users were generally heightened during this pandemic, on issues such as lockdown, closure, and law enforcement. © 2021 ACM.
| 81,082 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Social Cybersecurity Chapter 13: Casestudy with COVID-19 Pandemic
The purpose of this case study is to leverage the concepts and tools presented in the preceding chapters and apply them in a real world social cybersecurity context. With the COVID-19 pandemic emerging as a defining event of the 21st Century and a magnet for disinformation maneuver, we have selected the pandemic and its related social media conversation to focus our efforts on. This chapter therefore applies the tools of information operation maneuver, bot detection and characterization, meme detection and characterization, and information mapping to the COVID-19 related conversation on Twitter. This chapter uses these tools to analyze a stream containing 206 million tweets from 27 million unique users from 15 March 2020 to 30 April 2020. Our results shed light on elaborate information operations that leverage the full breadth of the BEND maneuvers and use bots for important shaping operations.
| 81,101 | [
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Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Flu-like pandemics and metaphor pre-covid: A corpus investigation
The use of metaphor in framing COVID-19 has already attracted considerable attention in both academic and public debate and we have seen extensive discussion of how this pandemic might be compared to past events, such as the so-called ‘Spanish flu’ of the 1910s In this paper, we draw these two strands of metaphoric framing and historical comparison together by identifying the metaphorical framings of past influenza pandemics in media and political discourse in the UK over an extended period (1890–2009) The findings show remarkable continuity in the choice and proportion of conceptual metaphor across very different sociohistorical contexts However, this does not correspond to entrenchment of the metaphors which continue to be creative and elaborated in many cases In terms of variation over time, the analysis shows shifts in framing with greater focus on societal effects and reactions to influenza in later periods while the agency of the virus is reduced © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
| 81,151 | [
0.0198211669921875,
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... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Information retrieval in an infodemic: the case of COVID-19 publications
In the context of searching for COVID-19 related scientific literature, we present an information retrieval methodology for effectively finding relevant publications for different information needs. We discuss different components of our architecture consisting of traditional information retrieval models, as well as modern neural natural language processing algorithms. We present recipes to better adapt these components to the case of an infodemic, where, from one hand, the number of publications has an exponential growth and, from the other hand, the topics of interest evolve as the pandemic progresses. The methodology was evaluated in the TREC-COVID challenge, achieving competitive results with top ranking teams participating in the competition. In retrospect to this challenge, we provide additional insights with further useful impacts.
| 81,324 | [
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-0.68603515625,
-0.5... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Public faith in science in the United States through the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic
OBJECTIVES: Given the centrality of science over the course of the COVID-19 crisis, we evaluate changes in people’s beliefs in the power of science in the United States over the first four months of the pandemic. STUDY DESIGN: Post-hoc analysis of cross-sectional survey data. METHODS: A convenience sample of 1327 participants was recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk service for three surveys carried out in 14–25 January, 27 March to 1 April, and 28–29 May of 2020. Respondents completed a ten-item instrument measuring different aspects of their perceptions of science including trust, interest, and faith (answer to the question: “How much do you agree with the following statement: Science can sort out any problem.”). We conducted multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) with faith, interest, and trust as dependent variables, time as the independent variable, and political orientation and religiosity as between-subjects covariates. RESULTS: The data revealed that public levels of faith in science increased between January (M = 3.2) and both March (M = 3.42) and May (M = 3.4). By contrast, we observed no changes in interest and trust in science over the same time period. CONCLUSIONS: We speculate that increases in faith in science during the first four months of the pandemic helped people cope with the uncertainty and existential anxiety resulting from this public health crisis.
| 81,429 | [
-0.0012006759643554688,
-0.12030029296875,
-0.11712646484375,
0.1351318359375,
-0.036834716796875,
0.077880859375,
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0.373291015625,
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0.59033203125,
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-0.66064453125,
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-0.249755859375,
-0.2626953125... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Social media use as a predictor of handwashing during a pandemic: evidence from COVID-19 in Malaysia
Although handwashing is an effective way to prevent infections, there is scarce evidence on predictors of handwashing during a pandemic. This paper aims to identify behavioural and demographic predictors of handwashing. The study surveyed 674 adults in Malaysia in May 2020 regarding whether the time spent on social media predicted handwashing contingent on gender and number of children. More time spent on social media was positively associated with handwashing for males with three or more children. However, for males without children, social media use was negatively associated with handwashing. The association was not significant for males with one or two children. For females, more time spent on social media was significantly linked to more handwashing only for females with one child. Gender, a traditional predictor of handwashing, was a useful predictor only for those who spent more than three hours per day on social media and had at most one child. Number of children was a novel negative predictor for males who did not use social media and who averaged one hour per day on social media, a positive predictor for males who spent lots of time on social media, but not a predictor for females. In sum, social media use predicts handwashing, and is thus a helpful variable for use in targeted health communication during a pandemic – particularly through social media. Further, more conventional predictors like gender and number of children exhibit contingency effects with social media use.
| 81,511 | [
-0.09808349609375,
0.5107421875,
-0.250244140625,
0.73095703125,
-0.07635498046875,
-0.71484375,
0.0184173583984375,
0.455078125,
0.37841796875,
1.115234375,
0.5029296875,
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-0.497802734375,
-0.220947265625,
-0.458251953125,
-0.936523437... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Greater belief in science predicts mask-wearing behavior during COVID-19
We investigated whether and how individual's belief in science directly impacts reported face mask wearing behavior in the United States and the mediating role of belief in mask effectiveness in preventing transmission of COVID-19 in this relationship. Mechanical Turk participants (N = 1050) completed measures on reported face mask wearing behavior, general beliefs in science, belief in face mask effectiveness in reducing transmission of COVID-19, and sociodemographic information. We found evidence that greater belief in science predicted greater belief in the effectiveness of face masks reducing the transmission of COVID-19, which in turn predicted more reported face mask wearing behavior in public, controlling for sociodemographic factors. We urge researchers to engage in more open science practices and science education to increase the public's belief in science and the effectiveness of masks in reducing the transmission of COVID-19 in order to increase the frequency of face mask wearing in public.
| 81,534 | [
-0.006885528564453125,
-0.0826416015625,
-0.139892578125,
0.231201171875,
-0.08538818359375,
-0.2283935546875,
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0.79833984375,
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1.0791015625,
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0.0479736328125,
-0.371337890625,
-0.297119140625,
0.09307861328125,
-0.194... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Twitter Communication During an Outbreak of Hepatitis A in San Diego, 2016-2018.
Objectives. To examine how and what information is communicated via social media during an infectious disease outbreak.Methods. In the context of the 2016 through 2018 hepatitis A outbreak in San Diego County, California, we used a grounded theory-based thematic analysis that employed qualitative and quantitative approaches to uncover themes in a sample of public tweets (n = 744) from Twitter, a primary platform used by key stakeholders to communicate to the public during the outbreak.Results. Tweets contained both general and hepatitis A-specific information related to the outbreak, restatements of policy and comments critical of government responses to the outbreak, information with the potential to shape risk perceptions, and expressions of concern regarding individuals experiencing homelessness and their role in spreading hepatitis A. We also identified misinformation and common channels of content driving themes that emerged in our sample.Conclusions. Public health professionals may identify real-time public risk perceptions and concerns via social media during an outbreak and target responses that fulfill the informational needs of those who seek direction and reassurance during times of uncertainty.
| 81,544 | [
0.11639404296875,
-0.029052734375,
-0.2027587890625,
0.264892578125,
0.09210205078125,
-0.5625,
-0.3876953125,
0.2174072265625,
0.059295654296875,
0.927734375,
0.0389404296875,
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0.05303955078125,
-0.18115234375,
-0.76611328125,
0.0014190673828125,
-0.5380859375,
-0.6... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Evaluating Criminal Justice Reform During COVID-19: The Need for a Novel Sentiment Analysis Package
Existing natural language processing lexicons that underlie current sentiment analysis (SA) algorithms may not perform adequately in certain academic disciplines depending on contextual complexities. The health and safety of incarcerated persons and correctional personnel have been prominent in news media discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially highlighting the need for a novel SA lexicon and algorithm that is tailored for the examination of public health policy in the context of the criminal justice system. We utilized a text corpus consisting of news articles at the intersection of COVID-19 and criminal justice to analyze the performance of existing lexicons collected across state-level outlets between January and May 2020. Our results demonstrated that sentence sentiment scores provided by three popular SA packages differ considerably from manually-curated ratings. This dissimilarity was especially pronounced when the text was more polarized, whether negatively or positively. A randomly selected set of 1,000 manually scored sentences, and the corresponding binary document term matrices, were used to train two new sentiment prediction algorithms (i.e., linear regression and random forest regression) to verify the performance of the manually-curated ratings. By better accounting for the unique context in which incarceration-related terminologies are used in news media, both of our proposed models outperformed all existing SA packages considered for comparison. Our findings suggest that there is a need to develop a novel lexicon, and potentially an accompanying algorithm, for analysis of text related to public health within the criminal justice system, as well as criminal justice more broadly.
| 81,590 | [
0.4638671875,
0.12646484375,
-0.2091064453125,
0.9326171875,
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0.81884765625,
0.34375,
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-0.08905029296875,
-0.34326171875,
-0.058349609375,
... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Stuck in the past or living in the present? Temporal focus and the spread of COVID-19
Research has shown that the temporal focus of individuals can have a real effect on behavior. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study posits that temporal focus will affect adherence behavior regarding health control measures, such as social distancing, hand washing and mask wearing, which will be manifested through the degree of spread of COVID-19. It is suggested that social media can provide an indicator of the general temporal focus of the population at a particular time. In this study, we examine the temporal focus of Twitter text data and the number of COVID-19 cases in the US over a 317-day period from the inception of the pandemic, using text analytics to classify the temporal content of 0.76 million tweets. The data is then analyzed using dynamic regression via advanced ARIMA modelling, differencing the data, removing weekly seasonality and creating a stationary time series. The result of the dynamic regression finds that past orientation does indeed have an effect on the growth of COVID-19 cases in the US. However, a present focus tends to reduce the spread of COVID cases. Future focus had no effect in the model. Overall, the research suggests that detecting and managing temporal focus could be an important tool in managing public health during a pandemic.
| 81,660 | [
-0.12646484375,
0.1029052734375,
-0.2418212890625,
0.79296875,
0.0206298828125,
-0.346435546875,
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0.266845703125,
0.406005859375,
0.86083984375,
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-0.353271484375,
-0.331787109375,
-0.362548828125,
-0.07965087890625,
-0.5810546875,
-0.... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Religion at the Frontline: How Religion Influenced the Response of Local Government Officials to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Frontline officials (such as mayors and commissioners) are responsible for local-level responses to the COVID-19 pandemic across the United States. Their actions and attitudes, either in support of or opposition to public health recommendations, have resulted in widespread variation in local-level pandemic response. Despite evidence that religion significantly impacts the general public’s response to the pandemic, the influence of religion on officials’ behaviors and attitudes is unknown. Using a unique, two-wave, representative survey of frontline officials, we examine how religion influenced officials’ reported personal health behaviors (mask wearing, social distancing) and attitudes toward institutional reopenings. Results show high levels of compliance with public health recommendations, but religious nationalism negatively influences all outcomes. Other religious factors, like affiliation and attendance, vary in their influence and even work differently among officials compared to the general public. Frontline officials are key for understanding how religion influences the pandemic and state action more generally.
| 81,766 | [
-0.23388671875,
-0.2293701171875,
0.035919189453125,
0.275390625,
0.00008755922317504883,
-0.2498779296875,
-0.5966796875,
0.2039794921875,
0.1881103515625,
0.8828125,
0.25830078125,
-0.66064453125,
-0.60888671875,
-0.38134765625,
-0.72705078125,
-0.5400390625,
-0.4208984375,
-0.45... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
COVID-19-Related Web Search Behaviors and Infodemic Attitudes in Italy: Infodemiological Study
BACKGROUND: Since the beginning of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, fake news and misleading information have circulated worldwide, which can profoundly affect public health communication. OBJECTIVE: We investigated online search behavior related to the COVID-19 outbreak and the attitudes of "infodemic monikers" (ie, erroneous information that gives rise to interpretative mistakes, fake news, episodes of racism, etc) circulating in Italy. METHODS: By using Google Trends to explore the internet search activity related to COVID-19 from January to March 2020, article titles from the most read newspapers and government websites were mined to investigate the attitudes of infodemic monikers circulating across various regions and cities in Italy. Search volume values and average peak comparison (APC) values were used to analyze the results. RESULTS: Keywords such as "novel coronavirus," "China coronavirus," "COVID-19," "2019-nCOV," and "SARS-COV-2" were the top infodemic and scientific COVID-19 terms trending in Italy. The top five searches related to health were "face masks," "amuchina" (disinfectant), "symptoms of the novel coronavirus," "health bulletin," and "vaccines for coronavirus." The regions of Umbria and Basilicata recorded a high number of infodemic monikers (APC weighted total >140). Misinformation was widely circulated in the Campania region, and racism-related information was widespread in Umbria and Basilicata. These monikers were frequently searched (APC weighted total >100) in more than 10 major cities in Italy, including Rome. CONCLUSIONS: We identified a growing regional and population-level interest in COVID-19 in Italy. The majority of searches were related to amuchina, face masks, health bulletins, and COVID-19 symptoms. Since a large number of infodemic monikers were observed across Italy, we recommend that health agencies use Google Trends to predict human behavior as well as to manage misinformation circulation in Italy.
| 81,788 | [
0.0972900390625,
0.0675048828125,
-0.477294921875,
0.426513671875,
-0.1917724609375,
-0.2232666015625,
-0.444091796875,
0.1209716796875,
0.48974609375,
0.79345703125,
0.72412109375,
-0.72412109375,
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-0.64013671875,
-0.445068359375,
0.021392822265625,
-0.83251953125,
... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Social Media Self-Regulation and the Rise of Vaccine Misinformation
This essay examines the main characteristics and shortcomings of mainstream social media responses to vaccine misinformation and disinformation. Parts I and II contextualize the recent expansion of vaccine information and disinformation in the online environment. Part III provides a survey and taxonomy of ongoing responses to vaccine misinformation adopted by mainstream social media. It further notes the limitations of current self-regulatory modes and illustrates these limitations by presenting a short case study on Facebook—the largest social media vehicle for vaccine-specific misinformation, currently estimated to harbor approximately half of the social media accounts linked to vaccine misinformation. Part IV examines potential ways to improve stringency of ongoing modes of self-regulation of vaccine misinformation, as well as the creation of cooperative monitoring and mutual assistance networks dedicated to addressing issues specific to the field of vaccine misinformation.
| 81,808 | [
0.050445556640625,
-0.465087890625,
-0.0594482421875,
0.52783203125,
0.69580078125,
-0.309326171875,
-0.024322509765625,
0.1312255859375,
0.07269287109375,
0.79833984375,
0.3662109375,
-0.16455078125,
0.057708740234375,
-0.09661865234375,
-0.362060546875,
-0.139404296875,
-0.61132812... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Media System Dependency and Change in Risk Perception During the COVID-19 Pandemic
On February 27, 2020 the first case of COVID-19 contagion was detected in Mexico, and by the end of March phase 2 of the epidemic had been declared in the country when local transmission was detected In a context of crisis and uncertainty like the one described, a risk perception tends to arise among the population that fears to be affected personally, to a large extent due to the influence exerted by the media by information they provide about the contingency, which derives from the media system dependency that occurs in the population In order to determine the risk perception present in view of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the influence that media consumption had on the population's attitude, an online analytical survey was carried out with 630 Mexican respondents The results present a population with a relatively low risk perception, but with a moderate dependency when it comes to getting information about everything that has to do with the pandemic In addition, it is possible to observe that this dependency tends to generate an increase, in an indirect manner, in the risk perception through the consumption of television, digital press and Facebook
| 81,814 | [
-0.1832275390625,
0.2120361328125,
-0.331787109375,
0.333251953125,
-0.34716796875,
-0.798828125,
-0.2227783203125,
0.48583984375,
0.280517578125,
0.7138671875,
0.93359375,
-0.78515625,
-0.072265625,
-0.1461181640625,
-0.55908203125,
0.2073974609375,
-0.71826171875,
-0.69677734375,... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Twitter talk on COVID-19: A temporal examination of topics, trends and sentiments
BACKGROUND: With restricted movements and stay-at-home orders due to COVID-19 pandemic, social media platforms like Twitter have become an outlet for users to express their concerns, opinions and feelings about the pandemic Individuals, health agencies and governments are using Twitter to communicate about COVID-19 This research builds on the emergent stream of studies to examine COVID-19 related English tweets covering a time period from Jan 1, 2020 to May 9, 2020 We perform a temporal assessment and examine variations in the topics and sentiment-scores to uncover key trends OBJECTIVE: To examine key themes and topics from COVID-19 related English tweets posted by individuals, and to explore the trends and variations in how the COVID-19 related tweets, key topics and associated sentiments changed over a period of time before and after the disease was declared as pandemic METHODS: Combining data from two publicly available COVID-19 tweet datasets with our own search, we compiled a dataset of 13 9 million COVID-19 related English tweets made by individuals We use Guided latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to infer themes and topics underlying the tweets, and use VADER sentiment analysis to compute sentiment scores and examine weekly trends for 17 weeks RESULTS: Topic modelling yielded 26 topics, grouped into 10 broader themes underlying the COVID-19 tweets 20 51% of tweets were about COVID-19's impact of economy and markets, followed by spread and growth in cases (15 45%), treatment and recovery (13 14%), impact on healthcare sector (11 40%), and governments' response (11 19%) Average compound sentiment scores were found to be negative throughout the time period of our examination for spread and growth of cases, symptoms, racism, source of the outbreak and political impacts of COVID-19 In contrast, we saw a reversal of sentiments from negative to positive for prevention, impact on economy and market, governments' response, impact on healthcare industry, treatment and recovery CONCLUSIONS: Identification of dominant themes, topics, sentiments and changing trends about COVID-19 pandemic can help governments, healthcare agencies and policy makers to frame appropriate responses to prevent and control the spread of pandemic
| 81,879 | [
0.2454833984375,
0.03399658203125,
-0.39208984375,
0.48779296875,
0.140380859375,
-0.68310546875,
-0.1456298828125,
0.268798828125,
0.224853515625,
0.81689453125,
-0.315673828125,
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-0.7001953125,
-0.41943359375,
0.1551513671875,
-0.6162109375,
-0.79589... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
When peril responds to plague: predatory journal engagement with COVID-19
Purpose: The academic community has warned that predatory journals may attempt to capitalize on the confusion caused by the COVID-19 pandemic to further publish low quality academic work, eroding the credibility of scholarly publishing Design/methodology/approach: This article first chronicles the risks of predatory publishing, especially related to misinformation surrounding health research Next, the author offers an empirical investigation of how predatory publishing has engaged with COVID-19, with an emphasis on journals related to virology, immunology and epidemiology as identified through Cabells' Predatory Reports, through a content analysis of publishers' websites and a comparison to a sample from DOAJ Findings: The empirical findings show that there were 162 titles related to these critical areas from journals listed on Cabells with a range of infractions, but most were defunct and only 39 had published on the pandemic Compared to a DOAJ comparison group, the predatory journal websites were less likely to mention slowdowns to the peer review process related to the pandemic Furthermore, another 284 predatory journals with COVID-19 engagement were uncovered from the initial exploration These uncovered journals mostly centered on medical or biological science fields, while 42 titles came from other broader fields in social science, other STEM or humanities Originality/value: This study does not prove that predatory publications have released misinformation pertaining to COVID-19, but rather it exemplifies the potential within a complex academic publishing space As these outlets have proven to be vectors of misleading science, libraries and the broader educational community need to stay vigilant as information intermediaries of online research © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited
| 82,225 | [
-0.08343505859375,
-0.111572265625,
-0.234619140625,
0.26123046875,
-0.147705078125,
-0.39013671875,
-0.440673828125,
0.215087890625,
0.209228515625,
0.7490234375,
0.64794921875,
-0.42138671875,
0.01367950439453125,
-0.144287109375,
-0.09564208984375,
0.0621337890625,
-0.298583984375... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Publishing of COVID-19 preprints in peer-reviewed journals, preprinting trends, public discussion and quality issues
COVID-19-related (vs. non-related) articles appear to be more expeditiously processed and published in peer-reviewed journals. We aimed to evaluate: (i) whether COVID-19-related preprints were favored for publication, (ii) preprinting trends and public discussion of the preprints, and (iii) the relationship between the publication topic (COVID-19-related or not) and quality issues. Manuscripts deposited at bioRxiv and medRxiv between January 1 and September 27 2020 were assessed for the probability of publishing in peer-reviewed journals, and those published were evaluated for submission-to-acceptance time. The extent of public discussion was assessed based on Altmetric and Disqus data. The Retraction Watch Database and PubMed were used to explore the retraction of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 articles and preprints. With adjustment for the preprinting server and number of deposited versions, COVID-19-related preprints were more likely to be published within 120 days since the deposition of the first version (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.80–2.14) as well as over the entire observed period (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.31–1.48). Submission-to-acceptance was by 35.85 days (95% CI: 32.25–39.45) shorter for COVID-19 articles. Public discussion of preprints was modest and COVID-19 articles were overrepresented in the pool of retracted articles in 2020. Current data suggest a preference for publication of COVID-19-related preprints over the observed period. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11192-021-04249-7.
| 82,387 | [
0.14501953125,
-0.242919921875,
-0.1822509765625,
0.425537109375,
0.0018091201782226562,
-0.1414794921875,
-0.3095703125,
-0.0084686279296875,
0.0699462890625,
0.89501953125,
0.20947265625,
-0.490478515625,
-0.06256103515625,
-0.8017578125,
0.0254974365234375,
0.4580078125,
-0.383300... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Food shopping under risk and uncertainty
During the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic panic buying of food was reported by the media. Panic buying has received little attention within behavioural science. In this paper we suggest that optimality models of foraging under risk and uncertainty would be a fruitful place to begin developing useful and testable hypotheses about this behaviour. In making this case we relate panic buying to a general increase in foraging effort, which we characterize as an increase in purchasing and spending. We note two risks during the pandemic – that of food security and that of predation, where predation is understood as a perceived threat to life due to infection risk. Food security was effectively solved early on in the pandemic, whilst perceived threat to life has remained but diminished to some limited extent. We relate panic buying to food caching as a method of buffering risk and make six predictions about how this behaviour should present under food insecurity and perceived threat to life.
| 82,402 | [
0.060577392578125,
0.22265625,
-0.180908203125,
0.455810546875,
-0.3701171875,
-0.6181640625,
-0.037109375,
0.7109375,
0.37939453125,
0.97607421875,
0.64599609375,
-0.8154296875,
-0.2354736328125,
-0.34619140625,
-0.320556640625,
0.1915283203125,
-0.401123046875,
-0.59619140625,
... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Topic Discovery on Farsi, English, French, and Arabic Tweets Related to COVID-19 Using Text Mining Techniques
BACKGROUND: Social networks are a good source for monitoring public health during the outbreak of COVID-19, these networks play an important role in identifying useful information. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to draw a comparison of the public's reaction in Twitter among the countries of West Asia (a.k.a Middle East) and North Africa in order to make an understanding of their response regarding the same global threat. METHODS: 766,630 tweets in four languages (Arabic, English French, and Farsi) tweeted in March 2020, were investigated. RESULTS: The results indicate that the only common theme among all languages is "government responsibilities (political)" which indicates the importance of this subject for all nations. CONCLUSION: Although nations react similarly in some aspects, they respond differently in others and therefore, policy localization is a vital step in confronting problems such as COVID-19 pandemic.
| 82,528 | [
-0.269287109375,
-0.33447265625,
-0.470703125,
0.485595703125,
0.196044921875,
-0.373291015625,
-0.268310546875,
0.289306640625,
0.09075927734375,
0.76318359375,
0.051849365234375,
-0.254150390625,
-0.305908203125,
-0.98876953125,
-1.041015625,
0.136474609375,
-0.6064453125,
-0.648... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Building Confidence to CONVINCE.
This paper describes the inception and evolution to date of CONVINCE - COVID-19 New Vaccine Information, Communication and Engagement - a rapidly expanding, voluntary global initiative to promote the use of effective public communications and engagement to build vaccine literacy and expedite immunization programs to protect communities against the COVID-19 Pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
| 82,534 | [
0.40771484375,
-0.05328369140625,
-0.16748046875,
0.49267578125,
0.07257080078125,
-0.338623046875,
-0.370361328125,
0.38134765625,
-0.06378173828125,
0.13916015625,
0.47998046875,
-0.5390625,
-0.301513671875,
-0.41162109375,
-0.29052734375,
0.1937255859375,
-0.267333984375,
-0.347... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Pseudoscientific beliefs and psychopathological risks increase after COVID-19 social quarantine
BACKGROUND: The health crisis caused by COVID-19 has led many countries to opt for social quarantine of the population. During this quarantine, communication systems have been characterized by disintermediation, the acceleration of digitization and an infodemic (excess and saturation of information). The following debate arises: Do the levels related to the psychotic phenotype and pseudoscientific beliefs related to the interpretation of information vary before and after social quarantine? OBJECTIVES: This research aims to examine the psychological effects of social quarantine on the psychotic phenotype and pseudoscientific beliefs-experiences of the general nonclinical population. The following hypothesis was posed: social quarantine alters the levels of magical thinking, pseudoscientific beliefs and anomalous perceptions due to quarantine. METHODS: A pre- and posttest analysis design was applied based on the difference in means, and complementary Bayesian estimation was performed. A total of 174 Spanish subjects responded to different questionnaires that evaluated psychopathological risks based on psychotic phenotypes, pseudoscientific beliefs and experiences before and after quarantine. RESULTS: Significant differences were obtained for the variables positive psychotic symptoms, depressive symptoms, and certain perceptual alterations (e.g., cenesthetic perceptions), and a significant increase in pseudoscientific beliefs was also observed. The perceptual disturbances that increased the most after quarantine were those related to derealization and depersonalization. However, paranoid perceptions showed the highest increase, doubling the initial standard deviation. These high increases could be related to the delimitation of physical space during social quarantine and distrust towards information communicated by the government to the population. Is it possible that social alarmism generated by the excess of information and pseudoscientific information has increased paranoid perceptual alterations? CONCLUSIONS: Measures taken after quarantine indicate that perceptual disturbances, subclinical psychotic symptoms and beliefs in the pseudoscience have increased. We discuss which elements of quarantine coincide with the social marginality theory and its clinical repercussions.
| 82,592 | [
-0.1478271484375,
-0.11334228515625,
0.2281494140625,
0.303955078125,
-0.419189453125,
-0.55859375,
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... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
A curated collection of COVID-19 online datasets
One of the defining moments of the year 2020 is the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19), a deadly virus affecting the body's respiratory system to the point of needing a breathing aid via ventilators. As of June 21, 2020 there are 12,929,306 confirmed cases and 569,738 confirmed deaths across 216 countries, areas or territories. The scale of spread and impact of the pandemic left many nations grappling with preventive and curative approaches. The infamous lockdown measure introduced to mitigate the virus spread has altered many aspects of our social routines in which demand for online-based services skyrocketed. As the virus propagate, so does misinformation and fake news around it via online social media, which seems to favour virality over veracity. With a majority of the populace confined to their homes for a long period, vulnerability to the toxic impact of online misinformation is high. A case in point is the various myths and disinformation associated with the Covid-19, which, if left unchecked, could lead to a catastrophic outcome and hamper the fight against the virus. While the scientific community is actively engaged in identifying the virus treatment, there is a growing interest in combating the associated harmful infodemic. To this end, researchers have been curating and documenting various datasets about Covid-19. In line with existing studies, we provide an expansive collection of curated datasets to support the fight against the pandemic, especially concerning misinformation. The collection consists of 3 categories of Twitter data, information about standard practices from credible sources and a chronicle of global situation reports. We describe how to retrieve the hydrated version of the data and proffer some research problems that could be addressed using the data.
| 82,598 | [
0.1317138671875,
-0.11871337890625,
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0.6728515625,
0.2607421875,
-0.369140625,
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0.3134765625,
0.5361328125,
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... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
When Politics Meets Pandemic: How Prime Minister Netanyahu and a Small Team Communicated Health and Risk Information to the Israeli Public During the Early Stages of COVID-19
Background: The coronavirus brought the world's leaders to the center of the media stage, where they not only managed the COVID-19 pandemic but also communicated it to the public The means they used to communicate the global pandemic reveal their strategies and the narratives they chose to create in their nation's social consciousness In Israel, the crisis broke out after three election cycles, such that the government in charge of the crisis was an interim government under the leadership of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who was operating under three criminal indictments This study sought to examine the ways in which Prime Minister Netanyahu and two senior Israel Ministry of Health officials-Director General Moshe Bar Siman Tov and Prof Sigal Sadetsky, Head of Public Health Services-communicated information about the health crisis in Israel during what has been termed the first wave and the beginning of the second wave Methods and Sample: The research adopted qualitative methods (discourse, content and thematic analysis) to analyze the communication strategies and compare them to health and risk communication Triangulated data collection from different data sources was used to increase the credibility and validity of the results The research sample comprised the following sources from March 3 through June 21, 2020: transcripts of 19 press conferences and 12 press interviews, 95 emergency regulations signed by Prime Minister Netanyahu, and 52 articles in major Israeli newspapers Results: Netanyahu and the Health Ministry Director General used an apocalyptic narrative to communicate COVID-19 to the public The main strategies used in constructing this narrative were intimidation, lack of information transparency, giving the public conflicting instructions contrary to the health and risk communicating approach, and using a health crisis to promote political intentions and actions Conclusion: Communicating health crises to the public, particularly ongoing crises like COVID-19, requires that leaders implement the health and risk communication approach and create a cooperative narrative that does not rely on a strategy of intimidation, but rather on empathy and on fact-based and transparent information
| 82,641 | [
0.08514404296875,
-0.469970703125,
-0.306396484375,
0.456298828125,
0.2447509765625,
-0.52099609375,
-0.7841796875,
0.369384765625,
0.016632080078125,
0.35546875,
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-0.5,
0.216064453125,
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0.0... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Sociopolitical Influences in Early Emerging Adult College Students’ Pandemic-Related Civic Engagement
The COVID-19 pandemic has had wide-ranging impacts on college-going emerging adults and their communities, which may prompt them to engage civically. Using spring 2020 survey data from a national sample of college students aged 18?22 (N = 707), we document the prevalence of pandemic-related civic engagement as well as differences in engagement by sociopolitical perspectives. The majority of participants (70.4%) reported engaging civically at least once, most commonly online (e.g., sharing information about COVID-19 on social media, volunteering virtually). Results showed differences in civic engagement by communal orientation and the candidate participants intended to vote for in the 2020 presidential election, but not by political party affiliation. Qualitative data provide insight into different motivations for pandemic-related civic engagement. We conclude that emerging adult college students? pandemic-related civic engagement is partially motivated by their sociopolitical perspectives and discuss implications for future work examining emerging adult civic engagement more broadly.
| 82,662 | [
0.0400390625,
-0.1419677734375,
-0.50048828125,
0.63818359375,
-0.248291015625,
-0.338623046875,
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0.28955078125,
0.0941162109375,
0.6796875,
0.053741455078125,
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-0.1414794921875,
-0.1212158203125,
-0.6904296875,
-0.47265... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Variation in the timing of COVID-19 communication across universities in the UK
During the Covid-19 pandemic, universities in the UK used social media to raise awareness and provide guidance and advice about the disease to students and staff. We explain why some universities used social media to communicate with stakeholders sooner than others. To do so, we identified the date of the first Covid-19 related tweet posted by each university in the country and used survival models to estimate the effect of university-specific characteristics on the timing of these messages. In order to confirm our results, we supplemented our analysis with a study of the introduction of coronavirus-related university webpages. We find that universities with large numbers of students are more likely to use social media and the web to speak about the pandemic sooner than institutions with fewer students. Universities with large financial resources are also more likely to tweet sooner, but they do not introduce Covid-19 webpages faster than other universities. We also find evidence of a strong process of emulation, whereby universities are more likely to post a coronavirus-related tweet or webpage if other universities have already done so.
| 82,691 | [
0.094482421875,
-0.275146484375,
-0.205078125,
0.56689453125,
-0.1600341796875,
-0.111328125,
-0.238525390625,
0.085693359375,
0.05157470703125,
0.77001953125,
0.245849609375,
-0.55078125,
-0.1378173828125,
-0.5869140625,
-0.3583984375,
0.02276611328125,
-0.264892578125,
-0.5620117... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
COVID-19 Vaccines: Characterizing Misinformation Campaigns and Vaccine Hesitancy on Twitter
Vaccine hesitancy and misinformation on social media has increased concerns about COVID-19 vaccine uptake required to achieve herd immunity and overcome the pandemic. However anti-science and political misinformation and conspiracies have been rampant throughout the pandemic. For COVID-19 vaccines, we investigate misinformation and conspiracy campaigns and their characteristic behaviours. We identify whether coordinated efforts are used to promote misinformation in vaccine related discussions, and find accounts coordinately promoting a `Great Reset' conspiracy group promoting vaccine related misinformation and strong anti-vaccine and anti-social messages such as boycott vaccine passports, no lock-downs and masks. We characterize other misinformation communities from the information diffusion structure, and study the large anti-vaccine misinformation community and smaller anti-vaccine communities, including a far-right anti-vaccine conspiracy group. In comparison with the mainstream and health news, left-leaning group, which are more pro-vaccine, the right-leaning group is influenced more by the anti-vaccine and far-right misinformation/conspiracy communities. The misinformation communities are more vocal either specific to the vaccine discussion or political discussion, and we find other differences in the characteristic behaviours of different communities. Lastly, we investigate misinformation narratives and tactics of information distortion that can increase vaccine hesitancy, using topic modeling and comparison with reported vaccine side-effects (VAERS) finding rarer side-effects are more frequently discussed on social media.
| 82,826 | [
0.39892578125,
0.08050537109375,
-0.33935546875,
0.4765625,
0.42333984375,
-0.5927734375,
-0.447509765625,
0.317626953125,
-0.0257720947265625,
1.0478515625,
0.420654296875,
-0.468017578125,
-0.0877685546875,
-0.380126953125,
-0.361328125,
0.205078125,
-0.65283203125,
-0.5727539062... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
COVID-19 Information Seeking on Digital Media and Preventive Behaviors: The Mediation Role of Worry
The high prevalence of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and inefficient preventive measures taken to curb the disease are significant public health concerns. Rapid and innovative advances in digital media offer opportunities for health education, which could result in increased preventive behaviors. This study assessed preventive behaviors against contracting COVID-19 and tested mediation pathways linking four types of digital media consumption (social media, mobile social networking apps [MSNs], online news media, and social live steaming services [SLSSs]) to preventive behaviors, mediated by worry. Results from an online survey (N = 511) revealed that the vast majority (>90 percent) of respondents had very often or always practiced preventive behaviors against contracting COVID-19 such as washing their hands more regularly with soap and water, staying away from crowded places, and wearing face masks out in public. In addition, COVID-19 information seeking through the four types of digital media was a salient parameter that encouraged people to practice preventive behaviors either directly or indirectly. Specifically, seeking COVID-19-related information on MSNs, SLSSs, and online news media was directly associated with preventive behaviors. Whereas COVID-19 information consumption on social media, MSNs, and SLSSs during the infectious disease outbreak could elicit intense worry and, in turn, increase preventive behaviors. The reasons for and implications of the results are discussed.
| 82,843 | [
-0.176513671875,
-0.019287109375,
-0.361328125,
0.5986328125,
-0.215576171875,
-0.466796875,
-0.326171875,
0.4873046875,
0.2127685546875,
0.93798828125,
0.440185546875,
-0.67626953125,
0.135498046875,
-0.33984375,
-0.331787109375,
0.01334381103515625,
-0.80712890625,
-0.44287109375... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Emergency Physicians and Personal Narratives Improve the Perceived Effectiveness of COVID-19 Public Health Recommendations on Social Media: A Randomized Experiment
BACKGROUND: Containment of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic requires the public to change behavior under social distancing mandates. Social media are important information dissemination platforms that can augment traditional channels communicating public health recommendations. The objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of COVID-19 public health messaging on Twitter when delivered by emergency physicians and containing personal narratives. METHODS: On April 30, 2020, we randomly assigned 2007 U.S. adults to an online survey using a 2x2 factorial design. Participants rated 1 of 4 simulated Twitter posts varied by messenger type (emergency physician vs federal official) and content (personal narrative vs impersonal guidance). Main outcomes were: perceived message effectiveness (35-point scale); perceived attitude effectiveness (15-point scale); likelihood to share Tweets (7-point scale); and writing a letter to their governor to continue COVID-19 restrictions (write letter or none). RESULTS: The physician/personal message had the strongest effect and significantly improved all main messaging outcomes except for letter-writing. Unadjusted mean differences between physician/personal and federal/impersonal were: perceived messaging effectiveness (3.2 [95%CI, 2.4-4.0]); perceived attitude effectiveness (1.3 [95%CI, 0.8-1.7]); likelihood to share (0.4 [95%CI, 0.15-0.7]). For letter-writing, physician/ personal made no significant impact compared to federal/ impersonal (odds ratio 1.14 [95%CI, 0.89-1.46]). CONCLUSIONS: Emergency physicians sharing personal narratives on Twitter are perceived to be more effective at communicating COVID-19 health recommendations compared to federal officials sharing impersonal guidance.
| 82,948 | [
0.18896484375,
-0.1627197265625,
-0.29638671875,
0.71533203125,
-0.2137451171875,
-0.376220703125,
-0.452880859375,
0.62548828125,
0.43359375,
0.818359375,
0.54541015625,
-0.5654296875,
0.01751708984375,
-0.2269287109375,
-0.377197265625,
0.0023174285888671875,
-0.38671875,
-0.4631... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Framing the Pandemic and the Rise of the Digital Surveillance State
The pandemic caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus has provided a pretext for many countries of the world to extend executive powers, and their digital surveillance capacities in particular Aiming to identify how different regimes frame digital surveillance, this paper employs qualitative content analysis to compare the government framing of digital surveillance in India, Israel and Singapore Although due to their different working dynamics, one would expect democracies and autocracies to frame digital surveillance in different ways, our findings reveal an overlap between liberal and illiberal rhetoric across the cases and point to unexplored illiberal peculiarities within the category of ‘democratic backsliders ’ We conclude by cautiously speculating how heightened extents of digital surveillance and tracking may become the new normal across regime types, and how governments might exploit and recycle these same frames to justify digital surveillance after the COVID-19 crisis is over © 2020 Institute of International Relations Prague All rights reserved
| 82,973 | [
-0.2763671875,
-0.57373046875,
0.07977294921875,
0.54931640625,
-0.11334228515625,
-0.471435546875,
-0.60205078125,
0.07171630859375,
0.10382080078125,
0.88818359375,
0.50537109375,
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-0.0977783203125,
-0.6533203125,
0.2783203125,
-0.416748046875,
-... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
The importance of reliable social media information during the COVID-19 pandemic
On December 2019, in Wuhan-China, SARS-Cov2 coronavirus emerged, causing the COVID-19 pandemic, responsible by June 29 2020, for 10.112.754 cases, and 501.562 deaths, in over 213 countries. Our research aims to study the impact of COVID-19 on Facebook and Instagram posting activity, regarding publications with word ‘Coronavirus', their total interaction and source, as well as an analysis of possible fake news A sample of 4.000 posts (3.025 Facebook and 975 Instagram posts) was extracted through a web-based social media analytics tool, over two periods: January 10-February 27 (P1) and 01 May-June 28 (P2). Data were analysed using Microsoft tools. The 2.000 P1 posts generated 77.654.161 interactions - 70% likes, 4% comments and 27% shares. However, the 2.000 P2 posts prompted more than four times engagement, with 330.930.859 interactions - 92% likes, 2% comments and 6% shares. From January to February, likes increased 59%, but comments and shares decreased by 27% and 57%, respectively: users are generally more engaged but at a less profound level. From May to June, likes, comments and shares decreased 41%, 43% and 51%, as users gradually come out of confinement. Certain events boosted engagement: on January 21, as the first case in the United States was announced, 767.280 interactions were reported, a 21-fold increase from the previous day; February 16 was the day with more monthly engagement when the first case in France was announced. January 25, CNN posted the Facebook post with more interactions of the month (2.510.695). On February, the post with most interactions was from Real Madrid Football Club. On P2, the two most popular posts were from The United Nations International Children's Fund Facebook page (May post had 4.153.981 interactions). Social media is nowadays the most used source of information in the world. In a health crisis like the Covid-19 pandemic, quality information is necessary to keep the population calm and informed on the correct steps to take. KEY MESSAGES: Study the impact of the COVID-19 on Facebook and Instagram, regarding the evolution of publications related to word “Coronavirus”. The importance of Social Media during a Health Crisis.
| 83,052 | [
-0.022705078125,
0.1566162109375,
-0.0965576171875,
0.58154296875,
-0.39892578125,
-0.37890625,
-0.1673583984375,
0.245361328125,
0.453369140625,
0.42529296875,
0.266845703125,
-0.50634765625,
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-0.35205078125,
-0.315185546875,
-0.211669921875,
-0.489501953125,
-0.362... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Dear Pandemic: Nurses as key partners in fighting the COVID‐19 infodemic
The COVID‐19 pandemic and subsequent proliferation of misinformation have created parallel public health crises. Social media offers a novel platform to amplify evidence‐based communication to broader audiences. This paper describes the application of science communication engagement on social media platforms by an interdisciplinary team of female scientists in a campaign called Dear Pandemic. Nurses are trusted professionals trained in therapeutic communication and are central to this effort. The Dear Pandemic campaign now has more than 97,000 followers with international and multilingual impact. Public health strategies to combat misinformation and guide individual behavior via social media show promise, and require further investment to support this novel dissemination of science communication.
| 83,092 | [
0.263916015625,
0.018524169921875,
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0.43994140625,
0.12939453125,
-0.2900390625,
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0.425537109375,
0.298828125,
0.50634765625,
0.36572265625,
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0.21875,
-0.29150390625,
-0.3935546875,
-0.0804443359375,
-0.1444091796875,
-0.6318359375,
... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Enforcement may crowd out voluntary support for COVID-19 policies, especially where trust in government is weak and in a liberal society
Effective states govern by some combination of enforcement and voluntary compliance. To contain the COVID-19 pandemic, a critical decision is the extent to which policy makers rely on voluntary as opposed to enforced compliance, and nations vary along this dimension. While enforcement may secure higher compliance, there is experimental and other evidence that it may also crowd out voluntary motivation. How does enforcement affect citizens' support for anti-COVID-19 policies? A survey conducted with 4,799 respondents toward the end of the first lockdown in Germany suggests that a substantial share of the population will support measures more under voluntary than under enforced implementation. Negative responses to enforcement-termed control aversion-vary across the nature of the policy intervention (e.g., they are rare for masks and frequent for vaccination and a cell-phone tracing app). Control aversion is less common among those with greater trust in the government and the information it provides, and among those who were brought up under the coercive regime of East Germany. Taking account of the likely effectiveness of enforcement and the extent to which near-universal compliance is crucial, the differing degrees of opposition to enforcement across policies suggest that for some anti-COVID-19 policies an enforced mandate would be unwise, while for others it would be essential. Similar reasoning may also be relevant for policies to address future pandemics and other societal challenges like climate change.
| 83,182 | [
-0.293701171875,
0.2371826171875,
-0.268798828125,
0.413330078125,
-0.642578125,
-0.236083984375,
-0.51611328125,
0.1131591796875,
0.055206298828125,
0.82275390625,
0.04705810546875,
-0.3896484375,
-0.39599609375,
-0.390625,
-0.32275390625,
0.228271484375,
-0.496826171875,
0.088500... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
How well do ordinary Americans forecast the growth of COVID-19?
Across multiple experiments, we found that Americans misestimated the growth of COVID-19 cases in the U.S. and that these estimates were in turn related to people’s forecasts of the duration of social distancing orders, and their own future adherence to these orders. We also investigated how mode of data presentation influences forecasting of future cases by showing participants data on the number of COVID-19 cases from a five-week period in either graphical or tabular form. We found that people shown tables produced more accurate forecasts compared to people shown line-graphs of the same data;yet, people shown line-graphs were more confident in their estimates. These findings suggest that graphs engender false-confidence in the accuracy of forecasts, that people’s forecasts of future cases may have important implications for their attitudes concerning social distancing, and that tables are better than graphs for informing the public about the trajectory of COVID-19.
| 83,222 | [
-0.2130126953125,
-0.0504150390625,
-0.004718780517578125,
0.316650390625,
-0.300048828125,
-0.44775390625,
-0.15185546875,
0.4921875,
0.498779296875,
1.1591796875,
0.494873046875,
-0.6396484375,
0.032012939453125,
-0.207763671875,
0.0139312744140625,
0.094970703125,
-0.69921875,
-... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
A case study of an experiment during the COVID-19 pandemic: online elicitation of subjective beliefs and economic preferences
We convey our experiences developing and implementing an online experiment to elicit subjective beliefs and economic preferences. The COVID-19 pandemic and associated closures of our laboratories required us to conduct an online experiment in order to collect beliefs and preferences associated with the pandemic in a timely manner. Since we had not previously conducted a similar multi-wave online experiment, we faced design and implementation considerations that are not present when running a typical laboratory experiment. By discussing these details more fully, we hope to contribute to the online experiment methodology literature at a time when many other researchers may be considering conducting an online experiment for the first time. We focus primarily on methodology; in a complementary study we focus on initial research findings. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40881-021-00115-7.
| 83,241 | [
0.2919921875,
0.1673583984375,
-0.5712890625,
0.2919921875,
-0.429931640625,
-0.64453125,
-0.047821044921875,
0.53857421875,
0.1993408203125,
0.7900390625,
0.82275390625,
-0.80419921875,
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-0.339599609375,
-0.7119140625,
-0.2744140625,
-0.46728515625,
-0.85400390625... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
A network-based approach to QAnon user dynamics during COVID-19 infodemic
QAnon is an umbrella conspiracy theory that encompasses a wide spectrum of people. The COVID-19 pandemic has helped raise QAnon conspiracy theory to a wide-spreading movement, especially in the US. Here, we study users' dynamics on Twitter related to the QAnon movement (i.e., pro-/anti-QAnon and swing users) in the context of the COVID-19 infodemic and the topics involved using a network-based approach. We find that it is not easy for swing users to convert their attitudes, although Twitter is suspending malicious pro-QAnon users as much as possible. We also find that QAnon clusters include many bot users. Furthermore, our results suggest that QAnon continues to evolve amid the infodemic and does not limit itself to its original idea, but instead, extends its reach to create a much larger umbrella conspiracy theory. A network-based approach in this study is important for both nowcasting and forecasting the evolution of the QAnon movement.
| 83,244 | [
0.28271484375,
0.12109375,
-0.62353515625,
0.6630859375,
0.218994140625,
-0.3125,
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0.330322265625,
0.12841796875,
0.7451171875,
0.5986328125,
-0.35595703125,
-0.04705810546875,
-0.76611328125,
-0.48193359375,
0.287109375,
-0.58642578125,
-0.2333984375,
0.1999511718... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
‘Corona? 5G? or both?’: the dynamics of COVID-19/5G conspiracy theories on Facebook
Focussing in detail on one key component of the infodemic surrounding COVID-19, this article traces the dissemination dynamics of rumours that the pandemic outbreak was somehow related to the rollout of 5G mobile telephony technology in Wuhan and around the world. Drawing on a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods including time-series analysis, network analysis and in-depth close reading, our analysis shows the dissemination of the rumour on Facebook from its obscure origins in pre-existing conspiracist groups through greater uptake in more diverse communities to substantial amplification by celebrities, sports stars and media outlets. The in-depth tracing of COVID-related mis- and disinformation across social networks offers important new insights into the dynamics of online information dissemination and points to opportunities to slow and stop the spread of false information, or at least to combat it more directly with accurate counterinformation.
| 83,296 | [
-0.0992431640625,
-0.09405517578125,
-0.180908203125,
0.60546875,
0.2783203125,
-0.5888671875,
-0.350830078125,
-0.01026153564453125,
0.44775390625,
1.087890625,
0.7568359375,
-0.2208251953125,
0.1531982421875,
-0.501953125,
-0.233154296875,
0.13427734375,
-0.892578125,
-0.50732421... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Retrospective Analysis of Controversial Subtopics on COVID-19 in Japan
For efficient political decision-making in an emergency situation, a thorough recognition and understanding of the polarized topics is crucial. The cost of unmitigated polarization would be extremely high for the society; therefore, it is desirable to identify the polarizing issues before they become serious. With this in mind, we conducted a retrospective analysis of the polarized subtopics of COVID-19 to obtain insights for future policymaking. To this end, we first propose a framework to comprehensively search for controversial subtopics. We then retrospectively analyze subtopics on COVID-19 using the proposed framework, with data obtained via Twitter in Japan. The results show that the proposed framework can effectively detect controversial subtopics that reflect current reality. Controversial subtopics tend to be about the government, medical matters, economy, and education; moreover, the controversy score had a low correlation with the traditional indicators--scale and sentiment of the subtopics--which suggests that the controversy score is a potentially important indicator to be obtained. We also discussed the difference between subtopics that became highly controversial and ones that did not despite their large scale.
| 83,297 | [
0.31591796875,
0.06121826171875,
-0.47607421875,
0.30615234375,
-0.1973876953125,
-0.72412109375,
-0.131591796875,
0.2333984375,
0.126220703125,
0.95361328125,
0.239501953125,
-0.61572265625,
-0.246337890625,
-0.77197265625,
-0.342529296875,
-0.041656494140625,
-0.548828125,
-0.547... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Who endorses conspiracy theories? A moderated mediation model of Chinese and international social media use, media skepticism, need for cognition, and COVID-19 conspiracy theory endorsement in China
During the COVID-19 pandemic, various conspiracy theories have been circulating through social media platforms. Scholars have raised concerns about the negative ramifications of conspiracy theories, such as the deterrence of preventive measures. Against this backdrop, the current study analyzed an online survey (N = 731) from China and examined the conditional indirect effects of Chinese and international social media use on conspiracy theory endorsement (CTE) regarding COVID-19. Findings showed that Chinese social media use was not associated with CTE, while international social media use was negatively associated with CTE. Moreover, the significant association was mediated by media skepticism. Further, individuals' level of need for cognition (NFC) was found to moderate the indirect effect. That is, among people with higher levels of NFC, the negative indirect effect of international social media use on CTE became stronger. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
| 83,316 | [
-0.095458984375,
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... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
EMOCOV: Machine learning for emotion detection, analysis and visualization using COVID-19 tweets
The adversarial impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has created a health crisis globally all over the world. This unprecedented crisis forced people to lockdown and changed almost every aspect of the regular activities of the people. Thus, the pandemic is also impacting everyone physically, mentally, and economically, and it, therefore, is paramount to analyze and understand emotional responses during the crisis affecting mental health. Negative emotional responses at fine-grained labels like anger and fear during the crisis might also lead to irreversible socio-economic damages. In this work, we develop a neural network model and train it using manually labeled data to detect various emotions at fine-grained labels in the Covid-19 tweets automatically. We present a manually labeled tweets dataset on COVID-19 emotional responses along with regular tweets data. We created a custom Q&A roBERTa model to extract phrases from the tweets that are primarily responsible for the corresponding emotions. None of the existing datasets and work currently provide the selected words or phrases denoting the reason for the corresponding emotions. Our classification model outperforms other systems and achieves a Jaccard score of 0.6475 with an accuracy of 0.8951. The custom RoBERTa Q&A model outperforms other models by achieving a Jaccard score of 0.7865. Further, we present a historical emotion analysis using COVID-19 tweets over the USA including each state level analysis. © 2021
| 83,351 | [
-0.01274871826171875,
0.134765625,
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0.759765625,
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-1.1748046875,
-0.40625,
-0.379150390625,
-0.18798828125,
-0.719238281... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
CO.ME.T.A. -- covid-19 media textual analysis. A dashboard for media monitoring
The focus of this paper is to trace how mass media, particularly newspapers, have addressed the issues about the containment of contagion or the explanation of epidemiological evolution. We propose an interactive dashboard: CO.ME.T.A.. During crises it is important to shape the best communication strategies in order to respond to critical situations. In this regard, it is important to monitor the information that mass media and social platforms convey. The dashboard allows to explore the mining of contents extracted and study the lexical structure that links the main discussion topics. The dashboard merges together four methods: text mining, sentiment analysis, textual network analysis and latent topic models. Results obtained on a subset of documents show not only a health-related semantic dimension, but it also extends to social-economic dimensions.
| 83,366 | [
0.0309600830078125,
-0.271240234375,
-0.1588134765625,
0.7265625,
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-0.470703125,
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-0.6669921875,
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-0.159423828125,
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-0.... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Exposure and Aversion to Human Transmissible Diseases Predict Conservative Ideological and Partisan Preferences
The objective prevalence of and subjective vulnerability to infectious diseases are associated with greater ingroup preference, conformity, and traditionalism. However, evidence directly testing the link between infectious diseases and political ideology and partisanship is lacking. Across four studies, including a large sample representative of the U.S. population (N > 12,000), we demonstrate that higher environmental levels of human transmissible diseases and avoidance of germs from human carriers predict conservative ideological and partisan preferences. During the COVID‐19 pandemic (N = 848), we replicated this germ aversion finding and determined that these conservative preferences were primarily driven by avoidance of germs from outgroups (foreigners) rather than ingroups (locals). Moreover, socially conservative individuals expressed lower concerns of being susceptible to contracting infectious diseases during the pandemic and worried less about COVID‐19. These effects were robust to individual‐level and state‐level controls. We discuss these findings in light of theory on parasite stress and the behavioral immune system and with regard to the political implications of the COVID‐19 pandemic.
| 83,372 | [
-0.2054443359375,
0.166748046875,
-0.10003662109375,
0.46826171875,
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-0.396240234375,
-0.752929... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Public’s Perception on Social Media towards New Normal during Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: Content Analysis on Religious Social Media Accounts
Religious activities usually bring large numbers of people together in certain places However, in the current Covid-19 pandemic situation, gathering activities can increase the possibility of a faster spread of the virus For this reason, this research aims to determine the people’s perceptions on the implementation status of new normal on religious-based social media accounts This research was conducted by using the content analysis research model The data were collected through purposive sampling technique from the status and comments of some religious Instagram accounts The data were collected from seven different Instagram accounts The result showed that most people who follow religious accounts on Instagram disagree with the implementation of new normal The results of this research can be used as considerations for the government in determining additional policies regarding the application of new normal to achieve the expected goals
| 83,443 | [
0.192138671875,
-0.25390625,
-0.2347412109375,
0.09674072265625,
0.08135986328125,
-0.5009765625,
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-0.56884765625,
-0.87548828125,
-0.256591796875,
-0.673828125,
-0.65234375,
... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Racial framing of pandemic outcomes has conditional indirect effects on support for COVID-19 mitigation policies: Examining moral and threat-based mediating mechanisms
Two studies explored the intersection between the COVID-19 pandemic and the continuing fight for racial justice. The pandemic has exacerbated existing racial inequalities in the United States in terms of public health and economic outcomes, and it is well-established that individuals higher in racial bias are less likely to support social safety net programs such as those meant to improve public health and reduce poverty. This is particularly true among individuals who perceive racial minorities as overbenefitting from safety net programs. Accordingly, the primary focus of the current studies was to examine whether framing the pandemic in terms of its disproportionate impact on minorities would reduce support for pandemic mitigation policies. In addition, we examine whether such effects were mediated through psychological mechanisms of moral outrage and perceptions of realistic and symbolic threat, and moderated by participants? racial bias. Participants? belief in a just world was included as a covariate given its established role in predicting many related social outcomes. Results suggested that racial framing interacts with participants? racial bias to affect policy support indirectly through multiple mechanisms. Broad implications regarding the relationship between racial bias and public support for a strong social safety net are discussed.
| 83,512 | [
0.034088134765625,
0.1026611328125,
-0.06982421875,
0.496826171875,
0.1611328125,
-0.701171875,
-0.259521484375,
0.195068359375,
-0.221923828125,
0.89453125,
0.3203125,
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-0.25048828125,
-0.1539306640625,
-0.14892578125,
-0.453369140625,
-0.250244140... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
The Burden of Being Certain: National Identity Certainty Predicts Support for COVID-Related Draconian Measures and Outgroup Conspiracy Beliefs
The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced various controversies. Some people debate about the usage of “draconian” measures of social distancing (e.g., lockdown). Others concern the origin of the pandemic with some buying conspiracy theories that attribute the cause of COVID-19 to the plot of some powerful outgroups. The current research examined national identity certainty (i.e., the certainty people placed in national identity) as predictor of these beliefs and attitudes. Two studies (total N = 625), one longitudinal and one cross-sectional, revealed that individual differences in national identity certainty predicted increased support of draconian measures and increased outgroup conspiracy beliefs. Moreover, realistic (but not symbolic) threat accounted for the increased support for draconian measures. Symbolic (but not realistic) threat accounted for the increased outgroup conspiracy beliefs. Our findings highlight how national identity certainty constrains individuals’ beliefs and attitudes towards issues related to the pandemic.
| 83,527 | [
0.27783203125,
0.007152557373046875,
-0.337646484375,
0.31396484375,
0.07049560546875,
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0.2239990234375,
-0.45166015625,
-0.1982421875,
... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Defining facets of social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Twitter analysis
OBJECTIVES: Using Twitter, we aim to (1) define and quantify the prevalence and evolution of facets of social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US in a spatiotemporal context and (2) examine amplified tweets among social distancing facets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed English and US-based tweets containing “coronavirus” between January 23-March 24, 2020 using the Twitter API. Tweets containing keywords were grouped into six social distancing facets: implementation, purpose, social disruption, adaptation, positive emotions, and negative emotions. RESULTS: A total of 259,529 unique tweets were included in the analyses. Social distancing tweets became more prevalent from late January to March but were not geographically uniform. Early facets of social distancing appeared in Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Seattle: the first cities impacted by the COVID-19 outbreak. Tweets related to the “implementation” and “negative emotions” facets largely dominated in combination with topics of “social disruption” and “adaptation”, albeit to lesser degree. Social disruptiveness tweets were most retweeted, and implementation tweets were most favorited. DISCUSSION: Social distancing can be defined by facets that respond to and represent certain events in a pandemic, including travel restrictions and rising case counts. For example, Miami had a low volume of social distancing tweets but grew in March corresponding with the rise of COVID-19 cases. CONCLUSION: The evolution of social distancing facets on Twitter reflects actual events and may signal potential disease hotspots. Our facets can also be used to understand public discourse on social distancing which may inform future public health measures.
| 83,656 | [
0.01812744140625,
0.263671875,
-0.442626953125,
0.69677734375,
-0.33203125,
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-0.68212890625,
0.18408203125,
0.56005859375,
0.5732421875,
-0.05615234375,
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-0.65234375,
-0.525390625,
-0.1563720703125,
-1.412109375,
-0.513671875,
0.11743... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Interpersonal Significance Analysis of Alberto Fernández's Speech against Epidemic Situation
Based on the interpersonal function of Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG), this paper builds Fernandez Speech Corpus for Anti-epidemic, and analyzes the interpersonal meaning of the speech delivered by the current Argentine President Alberto Fernández during the COVID-19 epidemic in two aspects-mood and modality Therefore, the way of Alberto Fernández's speech through interpersonal meaning during the anti-epidemic period was explored © 2021 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd
| 83,662 | [
0.0271453857421875,
0.25048828125,
-0.16943359375,
0.5634765625,
-0.163818359375,
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0.41162109375,
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0.165283203125,
0.900390625,
-0.3671875,
-0.275390625,
-0.666015625,
-0.55029296875,
-0.104248046875,
-0.2783203125,
-0.884765625,
0.... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
User roles for emergency management in social media: Understanding actors' behavior during the 2018 Majorca Island flash floods
Social media assemble multiple users' interactions across singular events. Authorities need to navigate this diversity to effectively communicate and promote collaborative strategies. During emergency situations, discerning “who is there” is even more important for authorities, as this tracing process can save lives reaching the appropriate targets. This article contributes to this problem during emergency situations by proposing a user role taxonomy. We argue that focusing on functional behaviors could bypass the complexity of defining audiences during critical events. We test our framework using data from the 2018 flash floods in Sant Llorenç, Majorca island (Spain). Results show a diverse set of audience roles that emerge during crisis and post-crisis stages. We also identify the inclination of actors to represent certain roles and not others. Our findings contribute to understand crisis development models, and also crisis coordination configurations, such as the four-channel model or the network coordination perspective. Practical implications for public managers vary from improving coordination to influence audience's behavior during crises.
| 83,699 | [
-0.060821533203125,
-0.12841796875,
-0.061370849609375,
0.42041015625,
0.00478363037109375,
-0.51123046875,
-0.304931640625,
0.149658203125,
0.239501953125,
0.802734375,
0.5224609375,
-0.2763671875,
-0.1790771484375,
-0.441650390625,
-0.75537109375,
-0.0013837814331054688,
-0.7153320... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Bridging Digital Divides during COVID-19: Findings from the 2020-2021 Connecticut State Library Digital Inclusion Survey
This article presents findings from the 2020–2021 Connecticut State Library Digital Inclusion Survey. The primary purpose of this study was to determine what actions public libraries in Connecticut are already taking to meet the digital inclusion needs of their communities and what information and assistance they need to better meet these goals. However, since this study was launched during the COVID-19 pandemic, the author customized numerous questions to focus on how public libraries have adjusted their operations when patrons have had limited access to library buildings. Responses from public library representatives throughout the state show that libraries have used tactics such as delivering previously in-person public programs through video conferencing formats and shifting portions of their physical materials budget to support digital items. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Public Library Quarterly is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
| 83,840 | [
-0.1956787109375,
0.0860595703125,
-0.0950927734375,
0.62158203125,
0.0709228515625,
-0.2164306640625,
-0.615234375,
0.353515625,
0.468505859375,
0.72705078125,
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0.1361083984375,
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0.171630859375,
-0.76953125,
-0.25683593... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Social Determinant Trends of COVID-19: An Analysis Using Knowledge Graphs from Published Evidence and Online Trends
This paper presents the results of a new approach to discover related health and social factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. The approach leverages a knowledge graph of related concepts mined from a corpus of published evidence (PubMed) prior to the pandemic. Population trends from online searches were used to identify social determinants of health (SDoH) concepts that trended high at the outset of the pandemic from a list of SDoH topics from the World Health Organization (WHO). The trending concepts were then mapped to the knowledge graph and a subsequent analysis of the derived insights, spanning two years, was conducted. This paper suggests an approach to derive new related health and social factors that may have either played a role in, or been affected by, the onset of the global COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, our results show how, from a list of SDoH topics, Food Security, Unemployment trended the highest at the start of the pandemic. Further work is needed to continue to ascertain the validity of the derived relations in a population health context and to improve mining insights from published evidence.
| 83,951 | [
0.10516357421875,
0.315673828125,
-0.373291015625,
0.322509765625,
-0.183837890625,
-0.40869140625,
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0.25927734375,
0.15771484375,
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0.27490234375,
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-0.55712890625,
-0.071533203125,
0.260986328125,
-0.48486328125,
-0.4760742187... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Dehumanisation of ‘Outgroups’ on Facebook and Twitter: towards a framework for assessing online hate organisations and actors
Whilst preventing dehumanization of outgroups is a widely accepted goal in the field of countering violent extremism, current algorithms by social media platforms are focused on detecting individual samples through explicit language. This study tests whether explicit dehumanising language directed at Muslims is detected by tools of Facebook and Twitter; and further, whether the presence of explicit dehumanising terms is necessary to successfully dehumanise ‘the other’—in this case, Muslims. Answering both these questions in the negative, this analysis extracts universally useful analytical tools that could be used together to consistently and competently assess actors using dehumanisation as a measure, even where that dehumanisation is cumulative and grounded in discourse, rather than explicit language. The output of one prolific actor identified by researchers as an anti-Muslim hate organisation, and four (4) other anti-Muslim actors, are discursively analysed, and impacts considered through the comments they elicit. Whilst this study focuses on material gathered with respect to anti-Muslim discourses, the findings are relevant to a range of contexts where groups are dehumanised on the basis of race or other protected attribute. This study suggests it is possible to predict aggregate harm by specific actors from a range of samples of borderline content that each might be difficult to discern as harmful individually.
| 84,069 | [
-0.1536865234375,
-0.360595703125,
-0.039093017578125,
0.568359375,
0.14013671875,
-1.013671875,
-0.1990966796875,
0.409423828125,
0.022430419921875,
0.72021484375,
0.310302734375,
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0.09637451171875,
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-0.08734130859375,
-0.33349609375,
-0.59033203125,
-0.229... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Exploring food waste during the COVID-19 pandemic among Malaysian consumers: The effect of social media, neuroticism, and impulse buying on food waste
The amount of food being thrown away despite being in an edible condition has become alarming in countries with populations with medium and high incomes. Changes in consumer behaviour, such as overbuying, are some of the major impetuses of food waste. This study aimed to examine the relationship between food waste and social media usage, neuroticism, and impulse buying. The mediating role of impulse buying and the moderating role of neuroticism on food waste during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic were also uncovered in this study. A self-administered online survey was distributed to a total of 274 consumers who had experienced a lockdown during the COVID-19 outbreak and were also regular buyers of food. Empirical findings supported the fact that social media usage, neuroticism, and impulse buying were positively related to food waste. Impulse buying mediates the relationship between social media usage and food waste, as well as between neuroticism and food waste. The study results also revealed that neuroticism positively moderates the relationship between social media usage and food waste. This paper offers new insights into efforts for sustainable food consumption to tackle the issue of food waste.
| 84,280 | [
-0.296630859375,
0.346923828125,
-0.14208984375,
0.552734375,
-0.375244140625,
-0.81787109375,
0.433349609375,
0.461669921875,
0.0531005859375,
1.1796875,
0.093017578125,
-0.6474609375,
-0.2919921875,
-0.79296875,
-0.54345703125,
0.00273895263671875,
-0.164794921875,
-0.5986328125,... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Towards a data-driven characterization of behavioral changes induced by the seasonal flu
In this work, we aim to determine the main factors driving behavioral change during the seasonal flu. To this end, we analyze a unique dataset comprised of 599 surveys completed by 434 Italian users of Influweb, a Web platform for participatory surveillance, during the 2017-18 and 2018-19 seasons. The data provide socio-demographic information, level of concerns about the flu, past experience with illnesses, and the type of behavioral changes implemented by each participant. We describe each response with a set of features and divide them in three target categories. These describe those that report i) no (26 %), ii) only moderately (36 %), iii) significant (38 %) changes in behaviors. In these settings, we adopt machine learning algorithms to investigate the extent to which target variables can be predicted by looking only at the set of features. Notably, $66\%$ of the samples in the category describing more significant changes in behaviors are correctly classified through Gradient Boosted Trees. Furthermore, we investigate the importance of each feature in the classification task and uncover complex relationships between individuals' characteristics and their attitude towards behavioral change. We find that intensity, recency of past illnesses, perceived susceptibility to and perceived severity of an infection are the most significant features in the classification task. Interestingly, the last two match the theoretical constructs suggested by the Health-Belief Model. Overall, the research contributes to the small set of empirical studies devoted to the data-driven characterization of behavioral changes induced by infectious diseases.
| 84,357 | [
-0.085205078125,
0.054534912109375,
-0.31787109375,
0.2049560546875,
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-0.426025390625,
-0.4990234375,
0.281005859375,
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0.9130859375,
0.208251953125,
-0.57568359375,
0.0239105224609375,
-0.5732421875,
-0.69580078125,
0.1307373046875,
-0.7919921875,... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Normative positions towards COVID-19 contact-tracing apps: findings from a large-scale qualitative study in nine European countries
Mobile applications for digital contact tracing have been developed and introduced around the world in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Proposed as a tool to support ‘traditional’ forms of contact-tracing carried out to monitor contagion, these apps have triggered an intense debate with respect to their legal and ethical permissibility, social desirability and general feasibility. Based on a large-scale study including qualitative data from 349 interviews conducted in nine European countries (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, German-speaking Switzerland, the United Kingdom), this paper shows that the binary framing often found in surveys and polls, which contrasts privacy concerns with the usefulness of these interventions for public health, does not capture the depth, breadth, and nuances of people’s positions towards COVID-19 contact-tracing apps. The paper provides a detailed account of how people arrive at certain normative positions by analysing the argumentative patterns, tropes and (moral) repertoires underpinning people’s perspectives on digital contact-tracing. Specifically, we identified a spectrum comprising five normative positions towards the use of COVID-19 contact-tracing apps: opposition, scepticism of feasibility, pondered deliberation, resignation, and support. We describe these stances and analyse the diversity of assumptions and values that underlie the normative orientations of our interviewees. We conclude by arguing that policy attempts to develop and implement these and other digital responses to the pandemic should move beyond the reiteration of binary framings, and instead cater to the variety of values, concerns and expectations that citizens voice in discussions about these types of public health interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Critical Public Health is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
| 84,409 | [
0.1026611328125,
-0.51171875,
-0.258544921875,
0.428466796875,
-0.2103271484375,
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0.02197265625,
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0.1265869140625,
-0.09478759765625,
-0.8232421875,
-0.030548095703125,
-0.6357421875,
... | 93 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title
Flipping Stance: Social Influence on Bot's and Non Bot's COVID Vaccine Stance
Social influence characterizes the change of opinions in a complex social environment, incorporating an individual's past stances and the impact of interpersonal influence through the social network influence. In this work, we observe stance changes towards the coronavirus vaccine on Twitter from April 2020 to May 2021, where 1\% of the agents exhibit the stance flipping behavior, of which 53.7\% are identified bots. We then propose a novel social influence model to characterize the change in stance of agents. This model considers an agent's and his neighbor's past tweets and the overall network structure towards a stance score. In our experiments, the model achieves 86\% accuracy. In our analysis, bot agents require lesser social influence to flip stances and a larger proportion of bots flip.
| 84,410 | [
0.09326171875,
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0.64306640625,
0.07293701171875,
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0.50390625,
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0.99169921875,
0.1544189453125,
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-0.521484375,
-0.26513671875,
-0.080810546875,
-0.392333984375,
-0.7089843... | 93 |
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