---
dataset_info:
  features:
  - name: id
    dtype: string
  - name: entry_id
    dtype: int64
  - name: entry_heading
    dtype: string
  - name: context
    dtype: string
  - name: sense_id
    dtype: int64
  - name: candidates
    list:
    - name: sense_id
      dtype: int64
    - name: gloss
      dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 15904118
    num_examples: 33231
  - name: val
    num_bytes: 3130154
    num_examples: 6154
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 7058582
    num_examples: 14979
  download_size: 5792286
  dataset_size: 26092854
configs:
- config_name: default
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: data/train-*
  - split: val
    path: data/val-*
  - split: test
    path: data/test-*
license: cc-by-4.0
pretty_name: Latvian WSD
---

# Latvian WSD

A manually annotated Latvian **word sense disambiguation (WSD)** dataset based on example sentences from the Latvian WordNet.

Each sentence is linked to a specific word sense. Lemmas with only a single sense are excluded. The dataset contains 1,821 lemmas and 5,459 unique senses.

## Data Format

Each example contains:

* `id`: instance identifier
* `entry_id`: entry identifier
* `entry_heading`: entry heading (lemma)
* `context`: sentence containing the target word
* `sense_id`: correct sense identifier
* `candidates`: list of candidate senses, each with:
  * `sense_id`: candidate sense identifier
  * `gloss`: sense definition

## Splits

The dataset is split by entry to avoid lexical overlap:

| Split      | Lemmas   | Instances  |
| ---------- | -------- | ---------- |
| Train      | 1121     | 33,231     |
| Validation | 200      | 6,154      |
| Test       | 500      | 14,979     |
| **Total**  | **1821** | **54,364** |

## Citation

```bibtex
@inproceedings{paikens-etal-2022-towards,
    title = "Towards {L}atvian {W}ord{N}et",
    author = "Paikens, Peteris  and
      Grasmanis, Mikus  and
      Klints, Agute  and
      Lokmane, Ilze  and
      Pretkalni{\c{n}}a, Lauma  and
      Rituma, Laura  and
      St{\={a}}de, Madara  and
      Strankale, Laine",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference",
    month = jun,
    year = "2022",
    address = "Marseille, France",
    publisher = "European Language Resources Association",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.300/",
    pages = "2808--2815"
}
```

```bibtex
@inproceedings{znotins-2026-pretraining,
    title = "Pretraining and Benchmarking Modern Encoders for {L}atvian",
    author = "Znotins, Arturs",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Language Models for Low-Resource Languages ({L}o{R}es{LM} 2026)",
    month = mar,
    year = "2026",
    address = "Rabat, Morocco",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2026.loreslm-1.40/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2026.loreslm-1.40",
    pages = "461--470",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-377-7"
}
```