File size: 4,651 Bytes
a5c4214
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
---
license: cc-by-4.0
task_categories:
  - object-detection
tags:
  - yolo
  - aerial
  - drone
  - master-reservoir
size_categories:
  - 10K<n<100K
---

# Master Reservoir

**A merged, standardized aerial object-detection dataset combining DetFly and AOD4 into a single YOLO-format collection with a unified class mapping.**

## Motivation

**Master Reservoir is a unified aerial object detection dataset created by merging multiple public datasets into a common YOLO annotation format.**

The objective is to provide a single, standardized dataset for training and evaluating drone detection models while reducing inconsistencies in annotation formats, class naming, and directory structure.
## Dataset Summary

| **Total images** | 40,291 |
| **Total label files** | 40,291 |
| **Total annotated instances** | 44,868 |
| **Number of classes** | 4 |
| **Format** | YOLO (`class x_center y_center width height`, normalized 0–1) |
| **Source datasets** | DetFly, AOD4 |
| **Archive size** | 28.0 GB |
| **Version** | v1 |

Every image has a matching label file (0 missing pairs). Of the 40,291 label files, **5,101 (~12.7%) are empty** — images with no annotated objects, i.e. background/negative samples.

## Dataset Structure

This is currently a **single unsplit collection** — there is no train/val/test division yet, all images live in one `images/` folder.

```
master_reservoir/
├── images/            (40,291 files)
│   ├── aod4_test_20190925_101846_1_1_000_jpg.rf.497f3eb572bec39e6856f75fc88b3d1b.jpg
│   ├── aod4_test_20190925_101846_1_1_004_jpg.rf.0c12b3a3cad8a8cac2e429c602904551.jpg
│   └── ...
├── labels/             (40,291 files)
│   ├── aod4_test_20190925_101846_1_1_000_jpg.rf.497f3eb572bec39e6856f75fc88b3d1b.txt
│   ├── aod4_test_20190925_101846_1_1_004_jpg.rf.0c12b3a3cad8a8cac2e429c602904551.txt
│   └── ...
├── metadata/
│   └── stats.json
└── version_logs/
    └── v1.txt.txt
```

## Class Distribution

| Class ID | Instances | Images containing class | % of instances |
|---|---|---|---|
| `class_0`(Drone) | 21,168 | 20,694 | 47.2% |
| `class_1`(Bird) | 7,900 | 3,213 | 17.6% |
| `class_2`(Helicopter) | 7,900 | 5,764 | 17.6% |
| `class_3`(Airplane) | 7,900 | 5,555 | 17.6% |


`class_0` accounts for nearly half of all annotated instances — worth keeping in mind for training (e.g. class-balanced sampling or loss weighting), since `class_1``class_3` are ~2.7x rarer per instance and even rarer per image for `class_1`.


## Merge & Standardization Pipeline

```mermaid
flowchart LR
    A[DetFly raw] --> C[Class-mapping unification]
    B[AOD4 raw] --> C
    C --> D[YOLO label conversion]
    D --> E[Image / label validation<br/>0 missing pairs]
    E --> F[(Master Reservoir) v1]
```

## Download

```python
from huggingface_hub import snapshot_download

snapshot_download(
    repo_id="<your-username>/master-reservoir",
    repo_type="dataset",
    local_dir="./master-reservoir"
)
```

```bash
huggingface-cli download <your-username>/master-reservoir --repo-type dataset --local-dir ./master-reservoir
```

## Usage

The dataset is currently unsplit, so create your own train/val/test split before training. Example with a simple random split:

```python
import os, random, shutil

random.seed(42)
images = os.listdir("master-reservoir/images")
random.shuffle(images)

n = len(images)
splits = {
    "train": images[:int(0.8 * n)],
    "val":   images[int(0.8 * n):int(0.9 * n)],
    "test":  images[int(0.9 * n):],
}

for split, files in splits.items():
    os.makedirs(f"master-reservoir/{split}/images", exist_ok=True)
    os.makedirs(f"master-reservoir/{split}/labels", exist_ok=True)
    for f in files:
        stem = os.path.splitext(f)[0]
        shutil.copy(f"master-reservoir/images/{f}", f"master-reservoir/{split}/images/{f}")
        shutil.copy(f"master-reservoir/labels/{stem}.txt", f"master-reservoir/{split}/labels/{stem}.txt")
```

Then point Ultralytics YOLO at it:

```yaml
# data.yaml
path: ./master-reservoir
train: train/images
val: val/images
test: test/images
names:
  0: class_0
  1: class_1
  2: class_2
  3: class_3
```

```python
from ultralytics import YOLO

model = YOLO("yolo11n.pt")
model.train(data="data.yaml", epochs=100, imgsz=640)
```

## Data Quality Notes

- Image/label pairing validated — 0 missing images, 0 missing labels.
- 5,101 label files (~12.7%) are empty (no annotated instances) — these are background images, not errors.
- Class mapping was unified across DetFly and AOD4 prior to merge; the mapping table itself isn't included in the archive yet (see below).