Question: Some friends discussed the sizes of their coin collections. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 84

Name | Number of coins
Braden | 76
Camilla | 94
Rick | 86
Mary | 84
Hector | 80
Devin | 83
Emily | 82
Avery | 87

Braden Camilla Rick Mary Hector Devin Emily Avery

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

76, 94, 86, 84, 80, 83, 82, 87

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 8 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

76 + 94 + 86 + 84 + 80 + 83 + 82 + 87 = 672

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

672 ÷ 8 = 84

The mean is 84.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $155, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: shortage

Solution: At the price of $155, the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied. There is not enough of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a shortage.


Question: A restaurant's average food preparation time was tracked from day to day as part of an efficiency improvement program. According to the table, what was the rate of change between Wednesday and Thursday?

Answer: 3

Day | Food preparation time (minutes)
Monday | 25
Tuesday | 27
Wednesday | 18
Thursday | 21
Friday | 27

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{21 minutes - 18 minutes}{1 day}
 = \frac{3 minutes}{1 day}
 = 3 minutes per day
The rate of change between Wednesday and Thursday was 3 minutes per day.


Question: Erik has $7,616.00. How much money will Erik have left if he buys a parrot and a kinkajou?

Answer: 4,656

Solution:
Find the total cost of a parrot and a kinkajou.

$1,123.00 + $1,837.00 = $2,960.00

Now subtract the total cost from the starting amount.

$7,616.00 - $2,960.00 = $4,656.00

Erik will have $4,656.00 left.


Question: Roxanne has $32.50. Does she have enough to buy a CD and a blender?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

blender | $14.02
CD | $18.35
computer mouse | $10.65
CD player | $21.84
DVD player | $53.57
radio | $15.42

blender
CD
computer mouse
CD player
DVD player
radio

Solution:
Add the price of a CD and the price of a blender:

$18.35 + $14.02 = $32.37

$32.37 is less than $32.50. Roxanne does have enough money.


Question: Fans of the Kingwood baseball team compared the number of games won by their team each year. According to the table, what was the rate of change between 2009 and 2010?

Answer: 7

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{46 games - 39 games}{2010 - 2009}
 = \frac{46 games - 39 games}{1 year}
 = \frac{7 games}{1 year}
 = 7 games per year
The rate of change between 2009 and 2010 was 7 games per year.


Question: A farm equipment company kept a record of the number of tractors made each month. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 94

Month | Number of tractors
February | 97
March | 93
April | 90
May | 90
June | 98
July | 96
August | 90
September | 98

February March April May June July August September

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

97, 93, 90, 90, 98, 96, 90, 98

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 8 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

97 + 93 + 90 + 90 + 98 + 96 + 90 + 98 = 752

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

752 ÷ 8 = 94

The mean is 94.


Question: A philanthropic organization compared the amounts of money that its members donated to certain causes. How much more money did Eve donate to clean water than Eli?

Answer: 10

Person | Animal rights | Clean water
Eve | $4 | $15
Eli | $12 | $5
Bridgette | $9 | $11
Kamal | $18 | $11
Janelle | $13 | $13

Solution:
Find the Clean water column. Find the numbers in this column for Eve and Eli.

Eve: $15.00
Eli: $5.00

Now subtract:

$15.00 − $5.00 = $10.00

Eve donated $10 more to clean water than Eli.


Question: Vijay has $9.00. Does he have enough to buy a book about music and a book about hiking?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: no

book about hiking | $9.00
book about outer space | $2.00
book about animals | $5.00
book about music | $2.00

book about hiking
book about outer space
book about animals
book about music

Solution:
Add the price of a book about music and the price of a book about hiking:

$2.00 + $9.00 = $11.00

$11.00 is more than $9.00. Vijay does not have enough money.


Question: A stock broker followed the stock prices of a certain set of companies. How much more did Computer Data Company's stock cost on Wednesday than on Thursday?

Answer: 8

Company | Wednesday | Thursday
Houston Sporting Goods | $1 | $17
Computer Data Company | $17 | $9
Watson and Partners | $20 | $19

Houston Sporting Goods
Computer Data Company
Watson and Partners

Solution:
Find the Computer Data Company row. Find the numbers in this row for Wednesday and Thursday.

Wednesday: $17.00
Thursday: $9.00

Now subtract:

$17.00 − $9.00 = $8.00

Computer Data Company's stock cost $8 more on Wednesday than on Thursday.


Question: Brenda purchased 1.1 pounds of coarse gravel. What was the total cost?

Answer: 3.30

fine gravel | $2 per lb
pebbles | $3 per lb
black sand | $3 per lb
rocks | $3 per lb
coarse gravel | $3 per lb
white sand | $5 per lb

fine gravel
pebbles
black sand
rocks
coarse gravel
white sand

$2 per lb
$3 per lb
$3 per lb
$3 per lb
$3 per lb
$5 per lb

Solution:
Find the cost of the coarse gravel. Multiply the price per pound by the number of pounds.
$3 × 1.1 = $3.30
The total cost was $3.30.


Question: Jordan has two dogs, Sprinkles and Champ. He is concerned because Sprinkles keeps eating Champ's food. Jordan asks their vet how much each dog's weight has changed since their last visit. Which dog's weight has changed the most?

Choices:
- Sprinkles
- Champ

Answer: Champ

Dog | Weight change (oz.)
Sprinkles | 5
Champ | -6

Solution:
To find which dog's weight changed the most, use absolute value. Absolute value tells you how much each dog's weight has changed.
Sprinkles: |5| = 5
Champ: |-6| = 6
Champ's weight has changed the most. He has lost 6 ounces.


Question: Rafi graphed the amount of snow that fell in the last 7 days. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 4

Day | Snowfall (inches)
Friday | 1
Saturday | 7
Sunday | 8
Monday | 4
Tuesday | 7
Wednesday | 3
Thursday | 1

Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

1, 7, 8, 4, 7, 3, 1

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

1, 1, 3, 4, 7, 7, 8

Now find the number in the middle.

1, 1, 3, 4, 7, 7, 8

The number in the middle is 4.

The median is 4.


Question: A school administrator who was concerned about grade inflation looked over the number of straight-A students from year to year. According to the table, what was the rate of change between 2007 and 2008?

Answer: 4

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{45 students - 41 students}{2008 - 2007}
 = \frac{45 students - 41 students}{1 year}
 = \frac{4 students}{1 year}
 = 4 students per year
The rate of change between 2007 and 2008 was 4 students per year.


Question: How much money does Philip need to buy 6 teapots and 2 casserole dishes?

Answer: 268

teapot | $38
cookbook | $19
apron | $20
baking dish | $14
casserole dish | $20

teapot
cookbook
apron
baking dish
casserole dish

Solution:
Find the cost of 6 teapots.

$38 × 6 = $228

Find the cost of 2 casserole dishes.

$20 × 2 = $40

Now find the total cost.

$228 + $40 = $268

Philip needs $268.


Question: Emma has $1.72. Does she have enough to buy a hair tie and a comb?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

bar of soap | $0.98
comb | $0.75
nail file | $0.51
hair tie | $0.94
bottle of hand lotion | $0.93

bar of soap
comb
nail file
hair tie
bottle of hand lotion

Solution:
Add the price of a hair tie and the price of a comb:

$0.94 + $0.75 = $1.69

$1.69 is less than $1.72. Emma does have enough money.


Question: In a study on public parking, the director of transportation counted the number of cars in each of the city's parking lots. How many parking lots had exactly 44 cars?

Answer: 4

Solution:
For the number 44, the stem is 4, and the leaf is 4. Find the row where the stem is 4. In that row, count all the leaves equal to 4.

You counted 4 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 4 parking lots had exactly 44 cars.


Question: How much money does Madelyn need to buy 9 shell necklaces?

Answer: 3.87

pin with a picture of the beach | $0.83
picture of a shark | $0.87
souvenir cup | $0.79
shell necklace | $0.43
dolphin bookmark | $0.90

pin with a picture of the beach
picture of a shark
souvenir cup
shell necklace
dolphin bookmark

Solution:
Find the total cost of 9 shell necklaces by multiplying 9 times the price of a shell necklace.

$0.43 × 9 = $3.87

Madelyn needs $3.87.


Question: At a swim meet, Ernesto noted the size of various swim teams. How many teams have at least 30 swimmers?

Answer: 12

Swimming team sizes (number of swimmers)

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 3, 4, 5, and 6.

You counted 12 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 12 teams have at least 30 swimmers.


Question: Each bag has 5 silver buttons. How many silver buttons are in 4 bags?

Answer: 20

Number of bags | Number of silver buttons
1 | 5
2 | 10
3 | 15
4 | ?

Solution: Count by fives. Use the chart: there are 20 silver buttons in 4 bags.


Question: For Earth Day, Fairfax High's environmental club tracked the number of seeds planted by its members. How many members planted fewer than 3 seeds?

Answer: 19

Solution:
Find the rows for 0, 1, and 2 seeds. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

2 + 3 + 14 = 19

19 members planted fewer than 3 seeds.


Question: How much money does Annie need to buy a bottle of sunscreen, a package of dental floss, and a toothbrush?

Answer: 11.43

bottle of sunscreen | $7.77
tube of toothpaste | $1.41
package of dental floss | $1.55
toothbrush | $2.11

bottle of sunscreen
tube of toothpaste
package of dental floss
toothbrush

Solution:
Find the total cost of a bottle of sunscreen, a package of dental floss, and a toothbrush.

$7.77 + $1.55 + $2.11 = $11.43

Annie needs $11.43.


Question: Jayla counted the number of pieces of pepperoni on each pizza she made. How many pizzas had fewer than 46 pieces of pepperoni?

Answer: 14

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 1, 2, and 3.

In the row with stem 4, count all the leaves less than 6.

You counted 14 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plots above. 14 pizzas had fewer than 46 pieces of pepperoni.


Question: Look at the following schedule. Which class begins at 3.20 P.M.?

Choices:
- Word Processing class
- Computer Finance class
- Web Page Design class
- Computer Graphics class

Answer: Web Page Design class

Class | Begin | End
Introduction to Typing | 8:05 A.M. | 9:10 A.M.
Advanced Typing | 9:15 A.M. | 10:25 A.M.
Computer Finance | 10:30 A.M. | 11:00 A.M.
Word Processing | 11:10 A.M. | 11:50 A.M.
Computer Science | 11:55 A.M. | 12:25 P.M.
Computer Graphics | 12:40 P.M. | 1:45 P.M.
Beginning Programming | 1:55 P.M. | 3:15 P.M.
Web Page Design | 3:20 P.M. | 4:25 P.M.

Introduction to Typing
Advanced Typing
Computer Finance
Word Processing
Computer Science
Computer Graphics
Beginning Programming
Web Page Design

Solution: Find 3:20 P. M. on the schedule. Web Page Design class begins at 3:20 P. M.


Question: How much more does a jersey signed by a famous basketball player cost than a photograph signed by a famous race car driver?

Answer: 3,151

painting signed by a famous artist | $9,254.00
jersey signed by a famous basketball player | $6,047.00
photograph signed by a famous movie star | $8,658.00
ball signed by a famous football player | $1,788.00
photograph signed by a famous race car driver | $2,896.00

Solution:
Subtract the price of a photograph signed by a famous race car driver from the price of a jersey signed by a famous basketball player.

$6,047.00 - $2,896.00 = $3,151.00

A jersey signed by a famous basketball player costs $3,151.00 more than a photograph signed by a famous race car driver.


Question: Sixth graders at Belleville Middle School are taught in classes of various sizes. How many more girls are in Miss West's class than Ms. North's class?

Answer: 8

Teacher | Boys | Girls
Miss West | 5 | 16
Ms. North | 6 | 8
Mrs. South | 5 | 18

Solution:
Find the Girls column. Find the numbers in this column for Miss West and Ms. North.

Miss West: 16
Ms. North: 8

Now subtract:

16 − 8 = 8

8 more girls are in Miss West's class than Ms. North's class.


Question: Eli went on a camping trip and logged the number of miles he hiked each day. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 9

Day | Number of miles
Saturday | 10
Sunday | 9
Monday | 6
Tuesday | 10
Wednesday | 10

Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

10, 9, 6, 10, 10

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 5 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

10 + 9 + 6 + 10 + 10 = 45

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

45 ÷ 5 = 9

The mean is 9.


Question: Each bush has 2 flowers. How many flowers are on 4 bushes?

Answer: 8

Number of bushes | Number of flowers
1 | 2
2 | 4
3 | 6
4 | ?

Solution: Count by twos. Use the chart: there are 8 flowers on 4 bushes.


Question: The owner of an orchard kept records about how many apples were picked in the past 6 days. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 44

Day | Number of apples
Tuesday | 50
Wednesday | 44
Thursday | 41
Friday | 45
Saturday | 44
Sunday | 40

Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

50, 44, 41, 45, 44, 40

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 6 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

50 + 44 + 41 + 45 + 44 + 40 = 264

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

264 ÷ 6 = 44

The mean is 44.


Question: A machine at the candy factory dispensed different numbers of lemon-flavored candies into various bags. What is the largest number of lemon-flavored candies?

Answer: 90

Solution:
Look at the last row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The last row has the highest stem. The stem for the last row is 9.

Now find the highest leaf in the last row. The highest leaf is 0.

The largest number of lemon-flavored candies has a stem of 9 and a leaf of 0. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 90.

The largest number of lemon-flavored candies is 90 lemon-flavored candies.


Question: How much more does an orchestra ticket cost than a basketball ticket?

Answer: 11.17

boat show ticket | $10.39
basketball ticket | $46.99
orchestra ticket | $58.16
car show ticket | $29.89

boat show ticket
basketball ticket
orchestra ticket
car show ticket

Solution:
Subtract the price of a basketball ticket from the price of an orchestra ticket.

$58.16 - $46.99 = $11.17

An orchestra ticket costs $11.17 more than a basketball ticket.


Question: The local high school found out how many members each club had. Which club has the fewest members?

Choices:
- French club
- math club
- Japanese club
- Spanish club

Answer: Spanish club

Club | Number of members
French club | 186
math club | 181
Japanese club | 168
Spanish club | 116

French club
math club
Japanese club
Spanish club

Solution:
Find the least number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The least number is 116.

Now find the corresponding club. Spanish club corresponds to 116.


Question: Some friends played a trivia game and recorded their scores. Who had the highest score?

Choices:
- Tamir
- Dillon
- Luna
- Wayne

Answer: Luna

Name | Score
Tamir | 81
Dillon | 82
Luna | 87
Wayne | 86

Solution:
Find the greatest number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The greatest number is 87.

Now find the corresponding name. Luna corresponds to 87.


Question: Some students compared how many pets they have. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 5

Name | Number of pets
Dustin | 1
Matt | 7
Aubrey | 4
Brittany | 4
Leon | 9

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

1, 7, 4, 4, 9

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 5 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

1 + 7 + 4 + 4 + 9 = 25

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

25 ÷ 5 = 5

The mean is 5.


Question: A farm equipment company kept a record of the number of tractors made each month. In which month did the company make the most tractors?

Choices:
- December
- January
- February
- March

Answer: March

Month | Number of tractors
December | 885
January | 859
February | 895
March | 898

Solution:
Find the greatest number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The greatest number is 898.

Now find the corresponding month. March corresponds to 898.


Question: Dominic has $72.00. Does he have enough to buy a play ticket and a soccer ticket?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: no

play ticket | $24.00
comedy show ticket | $49.00
boat show ticket | $23.00
soccer ticket | $50.00

play ticket
comedy show ticket
boat show ticket
soccer ticket

Solution:
Add the price of a play ticket and the price of a soccer ticket:

$24.00 + $50.00 = $74.00

$74.00 is more than $72.00. Dominic does not have enough money.


Question: How much money does Jamal need to buy 6 blue sweaters?

Answer: 32.28

blue sweater | $5.38
striped shirt | $7.32
pair of shorts | $5.02
pair of white socks | $2.02

blue sweater
striped shirt
pair of shorts
pair of white socks

Solution:
Find the total cost of 6 blue sweaters by multiplying 6 times the price of a blue sweater.

$5.38 × 6 = $32.28

Jamal needs $32.28.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: nonlinear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{5 - 3}{13 - 12}
 = \frac{2}{1}
 = 2
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the second row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{15 - 5}{14 - 13}
 = \frac{10}{1}
 = 10
The rate of change is not the same for each pair of points. So, the function does not have a constant rate of change.
The function is nonlinear.


Question: The staff of a newspaper examined the number of copies sold over the past 4 days. On which day were the fewest copies sold?

Choices:
- Tuesday
- Wednesday
- Thursday
- Friday

Answer: Tuesday

Day | Number of newspapers
Tuesday | 337
Wednesday | 375
Thursday | 357
Friday | 353

Solution:
Find the least number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The least number is 337.

Now find the corresponding day. Tuesday corresponds to 337.


Question: Some students compared how many blocks they live from school. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 7

Name | Number of blocks
Zach | 10
Farid | 5
Colette | 10
Russell | 7
Dalton | 7
Andy | 6
Michael | 8
Ernesto | 3

Zach Farid Colette Russell Dalton Andy Michael Ernesto

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

10, 5, 10, 7, 7, 6, 8, 3

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 8 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

10 + 5 + 10 + 7 + 7 + 6 + 8 + 3 = 56

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

56 ÷ 8 = 7

The mean is 7.


Question: How many more boys than girls are in Mr. Orange's class?

Answer: 2

Teacher | Boys | Girls
Mr. Burgundy | 8 | 11
Ms. Brown | 18 | 18
Mr. Orange | 6 | 4
Miss Black | 14 | 6

Mr. Burgundy
Ms. Brown
Mr. Orange
Miss Black

Solution:
Find the Mr. Orange row. Find the numbers in this row for boys and girls.

boys: 6
girls: 4

Now subtract:

6 − 4 = 2

2 more boys than girls are in Mr. Orange's class.


Question: Lucia's Candies has been studying how much chocolate people have been eating in different countries. Which country consumed the least chocolate per capita in 2002?

Choices:
- Switzerland
- Belgium
- Austria
- Australia

Answer: Australia

Country | 2002 | 2005
Belgium | 8 | 11
Switzerland | 11 | 10
Australia | 4 | 5
Germany | 10 | 11
Austria | 8 | 9

Country Belgium Switzerland Australia Germany Austria

Solution:
Look at the numbers in the 2002 column. Find the least number in this column.

The least number is 4, which is in the Australia row. Australia consumed the least chocolate per capita in 2002.


Question: Michelle, who rents properties for a living, measures all the offices in a building she is renting. How many offices are exactly 38 square meters?

Answer: 2

Solution:
For the number 38, the stem is 3, and the leaf is 8. Find the row where the stem is 3. In that row, count all the leaves equal to 8.

You counted 2 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 2 offices are exactly 38 square meters.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $625, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: shortage

Solution: At the price of $625, the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied. There is not enough of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a shortage.


Question: Rosa jotted down how many minutes she spent practicing volleyball in the past 4 days. On which day did Rosa practice the most?

Choices:
- Monday
- Tuesday
- Wednesday
- Thursday

Answer: Wednesday

Day | Minutes
Monday | 118
Tuesday | 142
Wednesday | 169
Thursday | 146

Solution:
Find the greatest number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The greatest number is 169.

Now find the corresponding day. Wednesday corresponds to 169.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $1,010, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: shortage

Solution: At the price of $1,010, the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied. There is not enough of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a shortage.


Question: Carson looked at his calendar to figure out how much time he spent babysitting each month. What is the range of the numbers?

Answer: 32

Month | Hours
November | 50
December | 57
January | 36
February | 68
March | 61
April | 45
May | 55
June | 54

November December January February March April May June

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

50, 57, 36, 68, 61, 45, 55, 54

First, find the greatest number. The greatest number is 68.

Next, find the least number. The least number is 36.

Subtract the least number from the greatest number:

68 − 36 = 32

The range is 32.


Question: A stock broker followed the stock prices of a certain set of companies. On Tuesday, how much more did Jonas Incorporated's stock cost than Houston Sporting Goods's stock?

Answer: 4

Company | Monday | Tuesday
Watson and Partners | $8 | $2
Computer Data Company | $12 | $7
Jonas Incorporated | $10 | $9
Houston Sporting Goods | $4 | $5

Watson and Partners
Computer Data Company
Jonas Incorporated
Houston Sporting Goods

Solution:
Find the Tuesday column. Find the numbers in this column for Jonas Incorporated and Houston Sporting Goods.

Jonas Incorporated: $9.00
Houston Sporting Goods: $5.00

Now subtract:

$9.00 − $5.00 = $4.00

On Tuesday Jonas Incorporated's stock cost $4 more than Houston Sporting Goods's stock.


Question: A food critic counted the number of menu items at each restaurant in town. How many restaurants have fewer than 90 menu items?

Answer: 20

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8.

You counted 20 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 20 restaurants have fewer than 90 menu items.


Question: The financial aid office at McKinney University produced an internal report on the number of students receiving scholarships. According to the table, what was the rate of change between 2010 and 2011?

Answer: -1

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{16 students - 17 students}{2011 - 2010}
 = \frac{16 students - 17 students}{1 year}
 = \frac{-1 students}{1 year}
 = -1 students per year
The rate of change between 2010 and 2011 was - 1 students per year.


Question: Some students compared how many clubs they belong to. What is the mode of the numbers?

Answer: 5

Name | Number of clubs
Kirk | 1
Reggie | 1
Chloe | 4
Norma | 5
Pedro | 3
Maddie | 3
Hassan | 5
Anna | 5

Kirk Reggie Chloe Norma Pedro Maddie Hassan Anna

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

1, 1, 4, 5, 3, 3, 5, 5

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

1, 1, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5

Now count how many times each number appears.

1 appears 2 times.
3 appears 2 times.
4 appears 1 time.
5 appears 3 times.

The number that appears most often is 5.

The mode is 5.


Question: Some students compared how many clubs they belong to. What is the mode of the numbers?

Answer: 3

Name | Number of clubs
Aiden | 3
Nolan | 1
Quinn | 7
Elise | 3
Larry | 3
Rose | 3
Zoe | 7
Gabriel | 7

Aiden Nolan Quinn Elise Larry Rose Zoe Gabriel

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

3, 1, 7, 3, 3, 3, 7, 7

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

1, 3, 3, 3, 3, 7, 7, 7

Now count how many times each number appears.

1 appears 1 time.
3 appears 4 times.
7 appears 3 times.

The number that appears most often is 3.

The mode is 3.


Question: A vendor who sold bread at farmers' markets counted the number of leftover loaves at the end of each day. According to the table, what was the rate of change between Wednesday and Thursday?

Answer: 23

Day | Leftover loaves
Sunday | 24
Monday | 9
Tuesday | 19
Wednesday | 15
Thursday | 38

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{38 loaves - 15 loaves}{1 day}
 = \frac{23 loaves}{1 day}
 = 23 loaves per day
The rate of change between Wednesday and Thursday was 23 loaves per day.


Question: Mrs. Newman told students how many rounds to expect in the spelling bee based on previous years. According to the table, what was the rate of change between 2010 and 2011?

Answer: 2

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{15 rounds - 13 rounds}{2011 - 2010}
 = \frac{15 rounds - 13 rounds}{1 year}
 = \frac{2 rounds}{1 year}
 = 2 rounds per year
The rate of change between 2010 and 2011 was 2 rounds per year.


Question: The county released data about how many schools there are in each town. What is the range of the numbers?

Answer: 4

Town | Number of schools
Richmond | 7
Salem | 5
Columbia | 7
Mayfield | 9
Chesterton | 5
Watertown | 8
Marion | 8
Springfield | 5

Richmond Salem Columbia Mayfield Chesterton Watertown Marion Springfield

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

7, 5, 7, 9, 5, 8, 8, 5

First, find the greatest number. The greatest number is 9.

Next, find the least number. The least number is 5.

Subtract the least number from the greatest number:

9 − 5 = 4

The range is 4.


Question: Camille wants to buy 1 pound of sesame seeds and 1 pound of pumpkin seeds. How much will she spend?

Answer: 7

sunflower seeds | $3 per pound
flax seeds | $6 per pound
sesame seeds | $5 per pound
soybeans | $3 per pound
lentils | $2 per pound
pumpkin seeds | $2 per pound

sunflower seeds
flax seeds
sesame seeds
soybeans
lentils
pumpkin seeds

$3 per pound
$6 per pound
$5 per pound
$3 per pound
$2 per pound
$2 per pound

Solution:
Find the cost of the sesame seeds. Multiply:

$5 × 1 = $5

Find the cost of the pumpkin seeds. Multiply:

$2 × 1 = $2

Now find the total cost by adding:

$5 + $2 = $7

She will spend $7.


Question: The teachers at a middle school counted how many computers they had in their classrooms. What is the mode of the numbers?

Answer: 18

Teacher | Number of computers
Mrs. Tan | 18
Mrs. Rossi | 18
Ms. Rojas | 11
Mr. Watson | 6
Mr. Morales | 6
Mr. Lim | 18

Mrs. Tan
Mrs. Rossi
Ms. Rojas
Mr. Watson
Mr. Morales
Mr. Lim

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

18, 18, 11, 6, 6, 18

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

6, 6, 11, 18, 18, 18

Now count how many times each number appears.

6 appears 2 times.
11 appears 1 time.
18 appears 3 times.

The number that appears most often is 18.

The mode is 18.


Question: A stock broker followed the stock prices of a certain set of companies. How much did White and Company's stock cost on Thursday?

Answer: 1

Company | Wednesday | Thursday
Jonas Incorporated | $7 | $6
White and Company | $18 | $1
Houston Sporting Goods | $10 | $16

Jonas Incorporated
White and Company
Houston Sporting Goods

Solution:
First, find the row for White and Company. Then find the number in the Thursday column.

This number is $1.00. White and Company's stock cost $1 on Thursday.


Question: Cindy has $1.50. Does she have enough to buy a bottle of ketchup and a bottle of vinegar?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: no

jar of salsa | $0.99
bottle of ketchup | $0.98
bottle of vinegar | $0.57
bottle of hot sauce | $0.86

jar of salsa
bottle of ketchup
bottle of vinegar
bottle of hot sauce

Solution:
Add the price of a bottle of ketchup and the price of a bottle of vinegar:

$0.98 + $0.57 = $1.55

$1.55 is more than $1.50. Cindy does not have enough money.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: nonlinear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{15 - 8}{13 - 12}
 = \frac{7}{1}
 = 7
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{16 - 8}{14 - 12}
 = \frac{8}{2}
 = 4
The rate of change is not the same for each pair of points. So, the function does not have a constant rate of change.
The function is nonlinear.


Question: A high school basketball coach counted the number of points her team scored each game. What is the smallest number of points?

Answer: 9

Solution:
Look at the first row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The first row has the lowest stem. The stem for the first row is 0.

Now find the lowest leaf in the first row. The lowest leaf is 9.

The smallest number of points has a stem of 0 and a leaf of 9. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 09.

The smallest number of points is 9 points.


Question: How much money does Trudy need to buy 7 pieces of bubble wrap?

Answer: 4.90

duck stamp | $0.17
large cardboard box | $0.81
small red box | $0.45
flag stamp | $0.32
piece of bubble wrap | $0.70
tulip stamp | $0.16

duck stamp
large cardboard box
small red box
flag stamp
piece of bubble wrap
tulip stamp

Solution:
Find the total cost of 7 pieces of bubble wrap by multiplying 7 times the price of a piece of bubble wrap.

$0.70 × 7 = $4.90

Trudy needs $4.90.


Question: Gordon and his brother are at a store shopping for a beanbag chair for their school's library. The store sells beanbag chairs with different fabrics and types of filling. What is the probability that a randomly selected beanbag chair is filled with foam and is made from velvet? Simplify any fractions.

Answer: 3/10

 | Velvet | Suede
Foam | 3 | 4
Beads | 1 | 2

Solution:
Let A be the event "the beanbag chair is filled with foam" and B be the event "the beanbag chair is made from velvet".
To find the probability that a beanbag chair is filled with foam and is made from velvet, first identify the sample space and the event.
The outcomes in the sample space are the different beanbag chairs. Each beanbag chair is equally likely to be selected, so this is a uniform probability model.
The event is A and B, "the beanbag chair is filled with foam and is made from velvet".
Since this is a uniform probability model, count the number of outcomes in the event A and B and count the total number of outcomes. Then, divide them to compute the probability.

Find the number of outcomes in the event A and B.
A and B is the event "the beanbag chair is filled with foam and is made from velvet", so look at the table to see how many beanbag chairs are filled with foam and are made from velvet.
The number of beanbag chairs that are filled with foam and are made from velvet is 3.

Find the total number of outcomes.
Add all the numbers in the table to find the total number of beanbag chairs.
3 + 1 + 4 + 2 = 10

Find P(A and B).
Since all outcomes are equally likely, the probability of event A and B is the number of outcomes in event A and B divided by the total number of outcomes.
P(A and B) = \frac{# of outcomes in A and B}{total # of outcomes}
 = \frac{3}{10}
The probability that a beanbag chair is filled with foam and is made from velvet is \frac{3}{10}.


Question: Look at the following schedule. When does Math class begin?

Choices:
- 2:25 P.M.
- 3:50 P.M.
- 2:35 P.M.
- 4:00 P.M.

Answer: 2:35 P.M.

History English Music Art Chemistry Math Gym

Solution:
Find Math class on the schedule. Find the beginning time for Math class.

Math: 2:35 P. M.


Question: Dr. Mueller, a pediatrician, weighed all the children who recently visited her office. What is the weight of the lightest child?

Answer: 27

Solution:
Look at the first row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The first row has the lowest stem. The stem for the first row is 2.

Now find the lowest leaf in the first row. The lowest leaf is 7.

The weight of the lightest child has a stem of 2 and a leaf of 7. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 27.

The weight of the lightest child is 27 pounds.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: linear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{9 - 18}{16 - 15}
 = \frac{-9}{1}
 = -9
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the second row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{0 - 9}{17 - 16}
 = \frac{-9}{1}
 = -9
The two rates of change are the same.
9.
This means the rate of change is the same for each pair of points. So, the function has a constant rate of change.
The function is linear.


Question: The bird-watching club recorded how many birds its members saw each month. How many more birds did the club see in April than in May?

Answer: 107

Month | Number of birds
April | 488
May | 381
June | 689

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

April: 488
May: 381

Now subtract: 488 - 381 = 107.

The club saw 107 more birds in April.


Question: How much more does an airplane calendar cost than a map of Africa?

Answer: 3.13

encyclopedia | $10.45
airplane calendar | $13.23
map of the world | $13.10
dog calendar | $11.63
photo album | $25.28
map of Africa | $10.10

encyclopedia
airplane calendar
map of the world
dog calendar
photo album
map of Africa

Solution:
Subtract the price of a map of Africa from the price of an airplane calendar.

$13.23 - $10.10 = $3.13

An airplane calendar costs $3.13 more than a map of Africa.


Question: A toy store employee counted the number of toys in each bin in the sale section. How many bins had fewer than 54 toys?

Answer: 6

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 1, 2, 3, and 4.

In the row with stem 5, count all the leaves less than 4.

You counted 6 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plots above. 6 bins had fewer than 54 toys.


Question: As part of a stuffed animal drive for the local children's hospital, the students at Walter Elementary School record how many stuffed animals they have collected. How many students have at least 4 stuffed animals?

Answer: 34

Number of stuffed animals | Frequency
0 | 6
1 | 9
2 | 1
3 | 17
4 | 4
5 | 20
6 | 10

Solution:
Find the rows for 4, 5, and 6 stuffed animals. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

4 + 20 + 10 = 34

34 students have at least 4 stuffed animals.


Question: Alexandra's classmates recorded how many books they read last year. What is the mode of the numbers?

Answer: 76

Name | Number of books
Alexandra | 76
Malik | 76
Percy | 72
Zach | 72
Brendan | 76

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

76, 76, 72, 72, 76

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

72, 72, 76, 76, 76

Now count how many times each number appears.

72 appears 2 times.
76 appears 3 times.

The number that appears most often is 76.

The mode is 76.


Question: Kurt's class recorded how many states each student has visited. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 6

Name | Number of states
Kurt | 6
Heather | 10
Shawna | 9
Adam | 6
Meg | 6

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

6, 10, 9, 6, 6

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

6, 6, 6, 9, 10

Now find the number in the middle.

6, 6, 6, 9, 10

The number in the middle is 6.

The median is 6.


Question: The owner of a plant nursery wrote down the number of roses on each bush. What is the largest number of roses?

Answer: 90

Solution:
Look at the last row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The last row has the highest stem. The stem for the last row is 9.

Now find the highest leaf in the last row. The highest leaf is 0.

The largest number of roses has a stem of 9 and a leaf of 0. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 90.

The largest number of roses is 90 roses.


Question: Look at the following schedule. Ruth just missed the 11.00 A.M. bus at the mall. How long does she have to wait until the next bus?

Choices:
- 15 minutes
- 30 minutes
- 45 minutes
- 1 hour

Answer: 1 hour

the kickball field
the library
the school
the mall
the zoo
the playground
the doctor's office
the post office
the science museum

Solution:
Find 11:00 A. M. in the row for the mall.

Look for the next bus in that row.

The next bus is at 12:00 P. M.

Find the elapsed time. The elapsed time is 1 hour.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $1,005, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: surplus

Solution: At the price of $1,005, the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied. There is too much of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a surplus.


Question: In hopes of raising more funds for arts education, some parents in the Riverside School District publicized the current per-student arts education budget. According to the table, what was the rate of change between 2016 and 2017?

Answer: 0

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{$42 - $42}{2017 - 2016}
 = \frac{$42 - $42}{1 year}
 = \frac{$0}{1 year}
 = $0 per year
The rate of change between 2016 and 2017 was $0 per year.


Question: Colleen bought 3 pounds of mung beans. How much did she spend?

Answer: 4.35

kidney beans | $1.38 per pound
soybeans | $2.33 per pound
lentils | $1.86 per pound
garbanzo beans | $1.14 per pound
mung beans | $1.45 per pound

kidney beans
soybeans
lentils
garbanzo beans
mung beans

$1.38 per pound
$2.33 per pound
$1.86 per pound
$1.14 per pound
$1.45 per pound

Solution:
Find the cost of the mung beans. Multiply the price per pound by the number of pounds.

$1.45 × 3 = $4.35

She spent $4.35.


Question: Emmy, a candy store employee, placed peppermint candies into jars of various sizes. What is the largest number of peppermint candies?

Answer: 69

Solution:
Look at the last row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The last row has the highest stem. The stem for the last row is 6.

Now find the highest leaf in the last row. The highest leaf is 9.

The largest number of peppermint candies has a stem of 6 and a leaf of 9. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 69.

The largest number of peppermint candies is 69 peppermint candies.


Question: David counted the pages in each book on his English class's required reading list. How many books had at least 60 pages?

Answer: 11

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 6, 7, 8, and 9.

You counted 11 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 11 books had at least 60 pages.


Question: A business analyst compared purchases of different types of cereal. How many more boxes of Whole Wheat Goodness were purchased than boxes of Fruit-E-Ohs?

Answer: 2,058

Cereal | Number of boxes purchased
Toasted Treats | 8,016
Fruit-E-Ohs | 4,087
Whole Wheat Goodness | 6,145
Oaty Yums | 1,786

Toasted Treats
Fruit-E-Ohs
Whole Wheat Goodness
Oaty Yums

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

Whole Wheat Goodness: 6,145
Fruit-E-Ohs: 4,087

Now subtract: 6,145 - 4,087 = 2,058.

2,058 more boxes of Whole Wheat Goodness were purchased than boxes of Fruit-E-Ohs.


Question: Some students compared how many clubs they belong to. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 4

Name | Number of clubs
Rhianna | 1
Antonio | 1
Debbie | 7
Shane | 7
Grayson | 1
Pablo | 7
Francesca | 1
Neil | 7

Rhianna Antonio Debbie Shane Grayson Pablo Francesca Neil

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

1, 1, 7, 7, 1, 7, 1, 7

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 8 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

1 + 1 + 7 + 7 + 1 + 7 + 1 + 7 = 32

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

32 ÷ 8 = 4

The mean is 4.


Question: Each bunch has 5 flowers. How many flowers are in 4 bunches?

Answer: 20

Number of bunches | Number of flowers
1 | 5
2 | 10
3 | 15
4 | ?

Solution: Count by fives. Use the chart: there are 20 flowers in 4 bunches.


Question: Jackson has $9,489.00. Does he have enough to buy a European vacation package and a Jamaican vacation package?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

Hawaiian vacation package | $4,866.00
Jamaican vacation package | $2,625.00
Australian vacation package | $3,635.00
Caribbean vacation package | $1,398.00
African safari vacation package | $4,371.00
European vacation package | $6,510.00

Hawaiian vacation package
Jamaican vacation package
Australian vacation package
Caribbean vacation package
African safari vacation package
European vacation package

Solution:
Add the price of a European vacation package and the price of a Jamaican vacation package:

$6,510.00 + $2,625.00 = $9,135.00

$9,135.00 is less than $9,489.00. Jackson does have enough money.


Question: Several people compared how many Web pages they had visited. Who visited the most Web pages?

Choices:
- Brendan
- Shawn
- Adam
- Tess

Answer: Brendan

Person | Number of Web pages
Brendan | 265
Shawn | 259
Adam | 256
Tess | 226

Solution:
Find the greatest number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The greatest number is 265.

Now find the corresponding person. Brendan corresponds to 265.


Question: The manager of a party supply store researched how many balloons it sold in the past 7 days. What is the range of the numbers?

Answer: 29

Day | Number of balloons
Friday | 36
Saturday | 30
Sunday | 32
Monday | 39
Tuesday | 37
Wednesday | 45
Thursday | 16

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

36, 30, 32, 39, 37, 45, 16

First, find the greatest number. The greatest number is 45.

Next, find the least number. The least number is 16.

Subtract the least number from the greatest number:

45 − 16 = 29

The range is 29.


Question: How much money does Rhianna need to buy a hedgehog and a finch?

Answer: 109.53

finch | $48.44
cockatoo | $58.86
pot-bellied pig | $26.30
hedgehog | $61.09
chinchilla | $39.24
chameleon | $63.10

finch
cockatoo
pot-bellied pig
hedgehog
chinchilla
chameleon

Solution:
Add the price of a hedgehog and the price of a finch:

$61.09 + $48.44 = $109.53

Rhianna needs $109.53.


Question: A pet store owner had his staff count the number of fish in each tank. How many tanks have fewer than 60 fish?

Answer: 8

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 3, 4, and 5.

You counted 8 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 8 tanks have fewer than 60 fish.


Question: A tire factory manager monitored the number of tires made each month. How many more tires did the factory make in January than in February?

Answer: 7,342

Month | Number of tires
November | 3,607
December | 5,898
January | 8,814
February | 1,472

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

January: 8,814
February: 1,472

Now subtract: 8,814 - 1,472 = 7,342.

The tire made 7,342 more tires in January.


Question: Seaside Flooring tracked the number of broken tiles in each shipment it received last year. What is the smallest number of broken tiles?

Answer: 40

Solution:
Look at the first row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The first row has the lowest stem. The stem for the first row is 4.

Now find the lowest leaf in the first row. The lowest leaf is 0.

The smallest number of broken tiles has a stem of 4 and a leaf of 0. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 40.

The smallest number of broken tiles is 40 broken tiles.


Question: Look at the following schedule. Malia is at Hillsboro at 2.15 P.M. How soon can she get to Lanberry?

Choices:
- 10:30 A.M.
- 1:15 P.M.
- 3:15 P.M.
- 12:15 P.M.

Answer: 3:15 P.M.

Cedarburg Stafford Norwood Danville Hillsboro Lanberry Centerville

Solution:
Look at the row for Hillsboro. Find the next train departing from Hillsboro after 2:15 P. M. This train departs from Hillsboro at 2:30 P. M.

Look down the column until you find the row for Lanberry.

Malia will get to Lanberry at 3:15 P. M.


Question: Tori, a birdwatcher, counted the number of each species of bird at the local county parks. How many more birds were spotted in Mountain Park than in Skyline Park?

Answer: 6

Park | Vultures | Falcons
Northside Park | 2 | 3
Skyline Park | 6 | 17
Mountain Park | 10 | 19

Northside Park
Skyline Park
Mountain Park

Solution:
Add the numbers in the Mountain Park row. Then, add the numbers in the Skyline Park row.

Mountain Park: 10 + 19 = 29
Skyline Park: 6 + 17 = 23

Now subtract:

29 − 23 = 6

6 more birds were spotted in Mountain Park than in Skyline Park.


Question: Dover Flooring tracked the number of broken tiles in each shipment it received last year. What is the largest number of broken tiles?

Answer: 90

Solution:
Look at the last row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The last row has the highest stem. The stem for the last row is 9.

Now find the highest leaf in the last row. The highest leaf is 0.

The largest number of broken tiles has a stem of 9 and a leaf of 0. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 90.

The largest number of broken tiles is 90 broken tiles.


Question: The movie critic liked to count the number of actors in each movie she saw. What is the largest number of actors?

Answer: 90

Solution:
Look at the last row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The last row has the highest stem. The stem for the last row is 9.

Now find the highest leaf in the last row. The highest leaf is 0.

The largest number of actors has a stem of 9 and a leaf of 0. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 90.

The largest number of actors is 90 actors.


Question: A county agency recorded the money donated to several charitable causes over time. How much money was raised for parks in April?

Answer: 7

Cause | April | May
Parks | $7 | $4
Animals | $15 | $17
Education | $18 | $18

Solution:
First, find the row for parks. Then find the number in the April column.

This number is $7.00. $7 was raised for parks in April.


Question: Mark buys 0.6 pounds of milk chocolate chips. What is the total cost?

Answer: 3.60

dark chocolate chips | $5 per lb
butterscotch chips | $3 per lb
white chocolate chips | $7 per lb
milk chocolate chips | $6 per lb

dark chocolate chips
butterscotch chips
white chocolate chips
milk chocolate chips

Solution:
Find the cost of the milk chocolate chips. Multiply the price per pound by the number of pounds.
$6 × 0.6 = $3.60
The total cost is $3.60.


Question: How much money does Dave need to buy a shirt signed by a famous soccer player, a photograph signed by a famous movie star, and a jersey signed by a famous hockey player?

Answer: 8,696

bat signed by a famous baseball player | $9,504.00
book signed by a famous author | $9,035.00
shirt signed by a famous soccer player | $1,785.00
photograph signed by a famous movie star | $4,463.00
jersey signed by a famous hockey player | $2,448.00

Solution:
Find the total cost of a shirt signed by a famous soccer player, a photograph signed by a famous movie star, and a jersey signed by a famous hockey player.

$1,785.00 + $4,463.00 + $2,448.00 = $8,696.00

Dave needs $8,696.00.


Question: Tucker bought 1 kilogram of coarse gravel and 3 kilograms of white sand. How much did he spend?

Answer: 8.04

coarse gravel | $1.62/kg
pebbles | $2.26/kg
white sand | $2.14/kg
rocks | $1.28/kg
fine gravel | $1.57/kg

coarse gravel
pebbles
white sand
rocks
fine gravel

Solution:
Find the cost of the coarse gravel. Multiply:

$1.62 × 1 = $1.62

Find the cost of the white sand. Multiply:

$2.14 × 3 = $6.42

Now find the total cost by adding:

$1.62 + $6.42 = $8.04

He spent $8.04.


Question: Miss Lawrence ran a sit-up competition among her P.E. students and monitored how many sit-ups each students could do. How many people did at least 30 sit-ups but fewer than 90 sit-ups?

Answer: 22

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8.

You counted 22 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 22 people did at least 30 sit-ups but fewer than 90 sit-ups.


Question: At a charity basketball shootout, excited fans counted the baskets and misses made by each of the team mascots. How many more baskets did Annie Armadillo have than Barry Bulldog?

Answer: 4

Mascot | Baskets | Misses
Rhianna Rhino | 16 | 18
Tina Tiger | 13 | 11
Annie Armadillo | 5 | 7
Barry Bulldog | 1 | 19

Rhianna Rhino
Tina Tiger
Annie Armadillo
Barry Bulldog

Solution:
Find the Baskets column. Find the numbers in this column for Annie Armadillo and Barry Bulldog.

Annie Armadillo: 5
Barry Bulldog: 1

Now subtract:

5 − 1 = 4

Annie Armadillo had 4 more baskets than Barry Bulldog.


Question: An environmental agency examined how many trees were planted by different organizations. Which organization planted the fewest trees?

Choices:
- Make it Green
- Dreaming Green
- Acorns to Oaks
- New Planet

Answer: Acorns to Oaks

Organization | Number of trees planted
Make it Green | 565
Dreaming Green | 552
Acorns to Oaks | 526
New Planet | 562

Make it Green
Dreaming Green
Acorns to Oaks
New Planet

Solution:
Find the least number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The least number is 526.

Now find the corresponding organization. Acorns to Oaks corresponds to 526.


Question: The train conductor made sure to count the number of passengers on each train. How many trains had exactly 41 passengers?

Answer: 1

Solution:
For the number 41, the stem is 4, and the leaf is 1. Find the row where the stem is 4. In that row, count all the leaves equal to 1.

You counted 1 leaf, which is blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 1 train had exactly 41 passengers.


Question: Look at the following schedule. When does the bobsled event end?

Choices:
- 12:10 P.M.
- 1:10 P.M.
- 9:55 P.M.
- 3:50 P.M.

Answer: 1:10 P.M.

Event | Begin | End
cross-country skiing | 10:55 A.M. | 12:10 P.M.
figure skating | 11:10 A.M. | 12:35 P.M.
bobsled | 12:10 P.M. | 1:10 P.M.
ice hockey | 12:25 P.M. | 3:50 P.M.
luge | 3:10 P.M. | 7:25 P.M.
snowboarding | 6:30 P.M. | 9:55 P.M.

cross-country skiing
figure skating
bobsled
ice hockey
luge
snowboarding

Solution:
Find the bobsled event on the schedule. Find the end time for the bobsled event.

bobsled: 1:10 P. M.


Question: The movie critic liked to count the number of actors in each movie she saw. What is the largest number of actors?

Answer: 90


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: nonlinear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{7 - 3}{14 - 13}
 = \frac{4}{1}
 = 4
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{13 - 3}{15 - 13}
 = \frac{10}{2}
 = 5
The rate of change is not the same for each pair of points. So, the function does not have a constant rate of change.
The function is nonlinear.


Question: An environmental agency examined how many trees were planted by different organizations. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 81

Organization | Number of trees planted
Trees for All | 69
New Planet | 94
Acorns to Oaks | 74
Let it Grow | 83
Plant It | 82
Heal the Earth | 70
Dreaming Green | 84
Make it Green | 92

Trees for All
New Planet
Acorns to Oaks
Let it Grow
Plant It
Heal the Earth
Dreaming Green
Make it Green

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

69, 94, 74, 83, 82, 70, 84, 92

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 8 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

69 + 94 + 74 + 83 + 82 + 70 + 84 + 92 = 648

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

648 ÷ 8 = 81

The mean is 81.


Question: An Idaho farmer has been monitoring crop prices over time. Per cwt, how much did peas cost in 2004?

Answer: 7

Crop
Lentils
Timothy seed
Apples
Canola
Peas

Solution:
First, find the row for peas. Then find the number in the 2004 column.

This number is $7.00. In 2004, peas cost $7 per cwt.


Question: The receptionist at a doctor's office kept track of each patient's wait time. What is the shortest wait time?

Answer: 33

Solution:
Look at the first row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The first row has the lowest stem. The stem for the first row is 3.

Now find the lowest leaf in the first row. The lowest leaf is 3.

The shortest wait time has a stem of 3 and a leaf of 3. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 33.

The shortest wait time is 33 minutes.


Question: Irma found a list of the number of roller coasters at each amusement park in the state. How many amusement parks have fewer than 50 roller coasters?

Answer: 19

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 1, 2, 3, and 4.

You counted 19 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 19 amusement parks have fewer than 50 roller coasters.


Question: In science class, Brooke is measuring the temperature of different chemical mixtures. The temperatures of two mixtures are shown in the table. Which mixture's temperature is closest to zero?

Choices:
- bromine mixture
- acetone mixture

Answer: bromine mixture

Mixture | Temperature (°C)
Bromine mixture | -4
Acetone mixture | 5

Solution:
A positive number means the temperature is above zero. A negative number means the temperature is below zero.
To find the temperature closest to zero, use absolute value. The absolute value of a temperature tells you how far it is from zero.
Bromine mixture: |-4| = 4
Acetone mixture: |5| = 5
The temperature of the bromine mixture is closest to zero. It is only 4 degrees below zero.


Question: The players on a quiz show received the following scores. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 3

Name | Score
Ernest | 2
Dan | 4
Kenny | 2
Austin | 2
Justine | 6
Lila | 5
Ryan | 3

Ernest Dan Kenny Austin Justine Lila Ryan

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

2, 4, 2, 2, 6, 5, 3

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Now find the number in the middle.

2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

The number in the middle is 3.

The median is 3.


Question: A county agency recorded the money donated to several charitable causes over time. Which cause raised less money in April, hunger or medical research?

Choices:
- hunger
- medical research

Answer: medical research

Cause | April | May
Medical research | $4 | $18
Parks | $13 | $19
Hunger | $7 | $17

Solution:
Find the April column. Compare the numbers in this column for hunger and medical research.

$4.00 is less than $7.00. In April, less money was raised for medical research.


Question: The transportation company tracked the number of train tickets sold in the past 5 days. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 24

Day | Number of tickets
Tuesday | 24
Wednesday | 28
Thursday | 26
Friday | 24
Saturday | 20

Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

24, 28, 26, 24, 20

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

20, 24, 24, 26, 28

Now find the number in the middle.

20, 24, 24, 26, 28

The number in the middle is 24.

The median is 24.


Question: Billy is shopping for a new bicycle. He is most interested in color and type of tires. What is the probability that a randomly selected bike is green and has road bike tires? Simplify any fractions.

Answer: 2/11

 | Road bike tires | Mountain bike tires
Red | 5 | 2
Green | 2 | 2

Solution:
Let A be the event "the bike is green" and B be the event "the bike has road bike tires".
To find the probability that a bike is green and has road bike tires, first identify the sample space and the event.
The outcomes in the sample space are the different bikes. Each bike is equally likely to be selected, so this is a uniform probability model.
The event is A and B, "the bike is green and has road bike tires".
Since this is a uniform probability model, count the number of outcomes in the event A and B and count the total number of outcomes. Then, divide them to compute the probability.

Find the number of outcomes in the event A and B.
A and B is the event "the bike is green and has road bike tires", so look at the table to see how many bikes are a green and have road bike tires.
The number of bikes that are a green and have road bike tires is 2.

Find the total number of outcomes.
Add all the numbers in the table to find the total number of bikes.
5 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 11

Find P(A and B).
Since all outcomes are equally likely, the probability of event A and B is the number of outcomes in event A and B divided by the total number of outcomes.
P(A and B) = \frac{# of outcomes in A and B}{total # of outcomes}
 = \frac{2}{11}
The probability that a bike is green and has road bike tires is \frac{2}{11}.


Question: Kenneth has $1,614.00. Does he have enough to buy a surfing adventure package and a camping adventure package?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

deep-sea fishing package | $987.00
surfing adventure package | $904.00
sailing trip package | $744.00
camping adventure package | $641.00
parachuting adventure package | $738.00
whale-watching adventure package | $608.00

deep-sea fishing package
surfing adventure package
sailing trip package
camping adventure package
parachuting adventure package
whale-watching adventure package

Solution:
Add the price of a surfing adventure package and the price of a camping adventure package:

$904.00 + $641.00 = $1,545.00

$1,545.00 is less than $1,614.00. Kenneth does have enough money.


Question: A dentist was making note of his upcoming appointments with different aged patients and the reasons for their visits. What is the probability that a randomly selected appointment is with patients 19-60 years old and is for a broken tooth? Simplify any fractions.

Answer: 5/13

 | Regular cleaning | Broken tooth
Patients under 18 years old | 3 | 2
Patients 19-60 years old | 3 | 5

Patients under 18 years old
Patients 19-60 years old

Solution:
Let A be the event "the appointment is with patients 19-60 years old" and B be the event "the appointment is for a broken tooth".
To find the probability that a appointment is with patients 19-60 years old and is for a broken tooth, first identify the sample space and the event.
The outcomes in the sample space are the different appointments. Each appointment is equally likely to be selected, so this is a uniform probability model.
The event is A and B, "the appointment is with patients 19-60 years old and is for a broken tooth".
Since this is a uniform probability model, count the number of outcomes in the event A and B and count the total number of outcomes. Then, divide them to compute the probability.

Find the number of outcomes in the event A and B.
A and B is the event "the appointment is with patients 19-60 years old and is for a broken tooth", so look at the table to see how many appointments are with patients 19-60 years old and are for a broken tooth.
The number of appointments that are with patients 19-60 years old and are for a broken tooth is 5.

Find the total number of outcomes.
Add all the numbers in the table to find the total number of appointments.
3 + 3 + 2 + 5 = 13

Find P(A and B).
Since all outcomes are equally likely, the probability of event A and B is the number of outcomes in event A and B divided by the total number of outcomes.
P(A and B) = \frac{# of outcomes in A and B}{total # of outcomes}
 = \frac{5}{13}
The probability that a appointment is with patients 19-60 years old and is for a broken tooth is \frac{5}{13}.


Question: How much money does Sasha need to buy a gold tack and an elastic band?

Answer: 0.08

brass clip | $0.08
elastic band | $0.03
gold tack | $0.05
four-inch nail | $0.03
small metal hook | $0.01

brass clip
elastic band
gold tack
four-inch nail
small metal hook

Solution:
Add the price of a gold tack and the price of an elastic band:

$0.05 + $0.03 = $0.08

Sasha needs $0.08.


Question: Carly went to the store and bought 1+1/10 pounds of coffee ice cream. How much did she spend?

Answer: 6.60

cookie dough ice cream | $3 per pound
mint ice cream | $5 per pound
coffee ice cream | $6 per pound
double chocolate ice cream | $5 per pound
strawberry ice cream | $3 per pound
cherry ice cream | $5 per pound

cookie dough ice cream
mint ice cream
coffee ice cream
double chocolate ice cream
strawberry ice cream
cherry ice cream

$3 per pound
$5 per pound
$6 per pound
$5 per pound
$3 per pound
$5 per pound

Solution:
Find the cost of the coffee ice cream. Multiply the price per pound by the number of pounds.
$6 × 1\frac{1}{10} = $6 × 1.1 = $6.60
She spent $6.60.


Question: How much money does Kimberly need to buy a football ticket, a soccer ticket, and a hockey ticket?

Answer: 169

hockey ticket | $36
golf ticket | $39
basketball ticket | $78
baseball ticket | $34
football ticket | $81
soccer ticket | $52

hockey ticket
golf ticket
basketball ticket
baseball ticket
football ticket
soccer ticket

Solution:
Find the total cost of a football ticket, a soccer ticket, and a hockey ticket.

$81 + $52 + $36 = $169

Kimberly needs $169.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: nonlinear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{10 - 8}{5 - 4}
 = \frac{2}{1}
 = 2
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the second row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{18 - 10}{6 - 5}
 = \frac{8}{1}
 = 8
The rate of change is not the same for each pair of points. So, the function does not have a constant rate of change.
The function is nonlinear.


Question: Tara has $110. Does she have enough to buy a cockatoo and a pot-bellied pig?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: no

bearded dragon | $36
hedgehog | $79
cockatoo | $89
pot-bellied pig | $25

bearded dragon
hedgehog
cockatoo
pot-bellied pig

Solution:
Add the price of a cockatoo and the price of a pot-bellied pig:

$89 + $25 = $114

$114 is more than $110. Tara does not have enough money.


Question: How much money does Lena need to buy a bulldozer, a dump truck, and a hydrofoil?

Answer: 22,858

Solution:
Find the total cost of a bulldozer, a dump truck, and a hydrofoil.

$7,768.00 + $6,637.00 + $8,453.00 = $22,858.00

Lena needs $22,858.00.


Question: Each apartment has 10 light switches. How many light switches are in 5 apartments?

Answer: 50

Number of apartments | Number of light switches
1 | 10
2 | 20
3 | 30
4 | 40
5 | ?

Solution: Count by tens. Use the chart: there are 50 light switches in 5 apartments.


Question: Look at the following schedule. At which stop does the ferry arrive at 6.10 P.M.?

Choices:
- Sandy Shores
- Pebble Town
- Bay Harbor
- Grassy Beach

Answer: Pebble Town

Location | Arrive | Depart
Sandy Shores | 8:00 A.M. | 8:05 A.M.
Starfish City | 8:30 A.M. | 9:00 A.M.
Cliff View | 9:50 A.M. | 10:10 A.M.
Beach Town | 10:55 A.M. | 11:05 A.M.
Bay Harbor | 12:20 P.M. | 12:25 P.M.
Windy Sands | 1:50 P.M. | 1:55 P.M.
Foggy Port | 3:35 P.M. | 3:50 P.M.
Grassy Beach | 4:15 P.M. | 4:45 P.M.
Green Harbor | 5:35 P.M. | 5:45 P.M.
Pebble Town | 6:10 P.M. | 6:35 P.M.

Sandy Shores
Starfish City
Cliff View
Beach Town
Bay Harbor
Windy Sands
Foggy Port
Grassy Beach
Green Harbor
Pebble Town

Solution: Find 6:10 P. M. on the schedule. The ferry arrives at Pebble Town at 6:10 P. M.


Question: Carrie looked at the dates of the digital photos on her computer to find out how many she had taken in the past 7 days. What is the mode of the numbers?

Answer: 6

Day | Number of photographs
Saturday | 10
Sunday | 10
Monday | 6
Tuesday | 4
Wednesday | 4
Thursday | 6
Friday | 6

Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

10, 10, 6, 4, 4, 6, 6

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 10, 10

Now count how many times each number appears.

4 appears 2 times.
6 appears 3 times.
10 appears 2 times.

The number that appears most often is 6.

The mode is 6.


Question: Gabe went to the store. He bought 1 kilogram of raisins. How much did he spend?

Answer: 2.91

raisins | $2.91/kilogram
banana chips | $1.20/kilogram
dried apple | $3.04/kilogram
dried pear | $3.14/kilogram
dried mango | $1.76/kilogram
dried pineapple | $1.38/kilogram

raisins
banana chips
dried apple
dried pear
dried mango
dried pineapple

Solution:
Find the cost of the raisins. Multiply the price per kilogram by the number of kilograms.

$2.91 × 1 = $2.91

He spent $2.91.


Question: The houses in Tanvi's town get their water from a local reservoir. Tanvi and a group of engineers monitor the water level for safety and health reasons. The change in water level over two months is shown in the table. During which month did the water level change more?

Choices:
- April
- May

Answer: April

Month | Change in water level (in.)
April | -6
May | 4

Solution:
A positive change means the water level went up. A negative change means the water level went down.
To find the month the water level changed more, use absolute value. Absolute value tells you how much the water level changed each month.
April: |-6| = 6
May: |4| = 4
The water level went down 6 inches in April, and it only went up 4 inches in May. The water level changed more in April.


Question: The movie critic liked to count the number of actors in each movie he saw. What is the smallest number of actors?

Answer: 22

Solution:
Look at the first row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The first row has the lowest stem. The stem for the first row is 2.

Now find the lowest leaf in the first row. The lowest leaf is 2.

The smallest number of actors has a stem of 2 and a leaf of 2. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 22.

The smallest number of actors is 22 actors.


Question: A real estate agent evaluated the number of houses sold this year in each town in Taylor County. What fraction of houses sold in Taylor County were in Stamford? Simplify your answer.

Answer: 48/103

Town | Number of houses sold
Livingston | 270
Stamford | 480
Other | 280

Solution:
Find how many houses were sold in Stamford.

480

Find how many houses were sold in total.

270 + 480 + 280 = 1,030

Divide 480 by1,030.

\frac{480}{1,030}

Reduce the fraction.

\frac{480}{1,030} → \frac{48}{103}

\frac{48}{103} of houses were sold in Stamford.


Question: The Hillsboro Tourism Office researched how often people played miniature golf last summer. How many people are there in all?

Answer: 46

Times played | Frequency
0 | 15
1 | 4
2 | 8
3 | 10
4 | 9

Solution:
Add the frequencies for each row.

Add:

15 + 4 + 8 + 10 + 9 = 46

There are 46 people in all.


Question: Some friends played a trivia game and recorded their scores. Who had the lowest score?

Choices:
- Roger
- Brennan
- Manny
- Edward

Answer: Edward

Name | Score
Roger | 28
Brennan | 29
Manny | 27
Edward | 25

Solution:
Find the least number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The least number is 25.

Now find the corresponding name. Edward corresponds to 25.


Question: Each fish bowl has 10 fish. How many fish are in 5 fish bowls?

Answer: 50

Number of fish bowls | Number of fish
1 | 10
2 | 20
3 | 30
4 | 40
5 | ?

Solution: Count by tens. Use the chart: there are 50 fish in 5 fish bowls.


Question: Erin has $39.00. Does she have enough to buy a book about sharks and a book about basketball?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

book about basketball | $18.00
book about the Olympics | $15.00
book about sharks | $19.00
book about cats | $24.00
book about hiking | $14.00
book about trains | $17.00

book about basketball
book about the Olympics
book about sharks
book about cats
book about hiking
book about trains

Solution:
Add the price of a book about sharks and the price of a book about basketball:

$19.00 + $18.00 = $37.00

$37.00 is less than $39.00. Erin does have enough money.


Question: How much money does Edward need to buy 2 navy blue bath mats?

Answer: 30

fleece blanket | $12.00
pillow | $13.00
quilt | $46.00
navy blue bath mat | $15.00
yellow bath towel | $14.00
flannel sheet | $24.00

fleece blanket
pillow
quilt
navy blue bath mat
yellow bath towel
flannel sheet

Solution:
Find the total cost of 2 navy blue bath mats by multiplying 2 times the price of a navy blue bath mat.

$15.00 × 2 = $30.00

Edward needs $30.00.


Question: Lillian looked at her calendar to figure out how much time she spent babysitting each month. What is the mode of the numbers?

Answer: 6

Month | Hours
November | 8
December | 6
January | 8
February | 6
March | 6
April | 9
May | 9

November December January February March April May

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

8, 6, 8, 6, 6, 9, 9

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

6, 6, 6, 8, 8, 9, 9

Now count how many times each number appears.

6 appears 3 times.
8 appears 2 times.
9 appears 2 times.

The number that appears most often is 6.

The mode is 6.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $690, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: surplus

Solution: At the price of $690, the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied. There is too much of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a surplus.


Question: A county agency recorded the money donated to several charitable causes over time. How much money was raised for animals in March?

Answer: 10

Cause | March | April
Parks | $4 | $6
Education | $19 | $7
Hunger | $18 | $10
Animals | $10 | $17

Solution:
First, find the row for animals. Then find the number in the March column.

This number is $10.00. $10 was raised for animals in March.


Question: This is Duncan's complete financial record for July. On July 5, how much money did Duncan make?

Answer: 15

Date | Description | Received | Expenses | Available Funds
 | Balance: end of June | | | $450.70
7/5 | cleaning the Hoffmans' pool | $15.00 | | $465.70
7/17 | bottle of water | | $1.50 | $464.20
7/29 | swim trunks | | $16.80 | $447.40

Balance: end of June
cleaning the Hoffmans' pool
bottle of water
swim trunks

Solution: Look at the 7/5 row. The amount received was $15.00. So, Duncan made $15.00 on July 5.


Question: Grace's school reported how many members each sports team had. Which team has the most members?

Choices:
- baseball team
- football team
- water polo team
- volleyball team

Answer: baseball team

Team | Number of members
baseball team | 38
football team | 37
water polo team | 34
volleyball team | 35

baseball team
football team
water polo team
volleyball team

Solution:
Find the greatest number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The greatest number is 38.

Now find the corresponding team. Baseball team corresponds to 38.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $580, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: surplus

Solution: At the price of $580, the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied. There is too much of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a surplus.


Question: Mrs. Roy, the biology teacher, asked her students how many times they went to the science museum last year. How many students went to the science museum more than 1 time?

Answer: 33

Solution:
Find the rows for 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 times. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

2 + 5 + 12 + 1 + 13 = 33

33 students went to the science museum more than 1 time.


Question: This morning, Mr. Molina released the scores from last week's spelling test. How many students scored at least 58 points?

Answer: 14

Solution:
Find the row with stem 5. Count all the leaves greater than or equal to 8.

Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 6, 7, 8, and 9.

You counted 14 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plots above. 14 students scored at least 58 points.


Question: The town council reported on how many stop signs there are on each street. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 6

Street | Number of stop signs
Irving Street | 3
Jackson Street | 10
Peabody Street | 6
Watson Street | 5
Marshall Street | 5
Spring Street | 7

Irving Street
Jackson Street
Peabody Street
Watson Street
Marshall Street
Spring Street

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

3, 10, 6, 5, 5, 7

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 6 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

3 + 10 + 6 + 5 + 5 + 7 = 36

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

36 ÷ 6 = 6

The mean is 6.


Question: Look at this table. Is this relation a function?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: no

Solution:
Look at the x-values in the table.

The x-value 19 is paired with multiple y-values, so the relation is not a function.


Question: Each desk has 5 yellow notepads. How many yellow notepads are on 5 desks?

Answer: 25

Number of desks | Number of yellow notepads
1 | 5
2 | 10
3 | 15
4 | 20
5 | ?

Solution: Count by fives. Use the chart: there are 25 yellow notepads on 5 desks.


Question: Each bag has 10 yellow buttons. How many yellow buttons are in 3 bags?

Answer: 30

Number of bags | Number of yellow buttons
1 | 10
2 | 20
3 | ?

Solution: Count by tens. Use the chart: there are 30 yellow buttons in 3 bags.


Question: Each bag has 5 yellow buttons. How many yellow buttons are in 3 bags?

Answer: 15

Number of bags | Number of yellow buttons
1 | 5
2 | 10
3 | ?

Solution: Count by fives. Use the chart: there are 15 yellow buttons in 3 bags.


Question: Henry went to the store and bought 3.7 pounds of salmon. How much did he spend?

Answer: 14.80

catfish | $9 per lb
halibut | $10 per lb
tilapia | $4 per lb
salmon | $4 per lb
tuna | $6 per lb
trout | $7 per lb

catfish halibut tilapia salmon tuna trout

$9 per lb
$10 per lb
$4 per lb
$4 per lb
$6 per lb
$7 per lb

Solution:
Find the cost of the salmon. Multiply the price per pound by the number of pounds.
$4 × 3.7 = $14.80
He spent $14.80.


Question: In the first episode of a reality show, contestants had to spin two wheels of fate. Spinning the first wheel determined the remote location where contestants would reside for the duration of the season. Spinning the second wheel determined which "bonus survival tool" they would be allowed to bring, along with a few other necessary items. What is the probability that a randomly selected participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent? Simplify any fractions.

Answer: 3/10

 | A tent | Matches
Desert | 6 | 7
Rainforest | 2 | 5

Solution:
Let A be the event "the participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert" and B be the event "the participant spun the second wheel and landed on a tent".
To find the probability that a participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent, first identify the sample space and the event.
The outcomes in the sample space are the different participants. Each participant is equally likely to be selected, so this is a uniform probability model.
The event is A and B, "the participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent".
Since this is a uniform probability model, count the number of outcomes in the event A and B and count the total number of outcomes. Then, divide them to compute the probability.

Find the number of outcomes in the event A and B.
A and B is the event "the participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent", so look at the table to see how many participants spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent.
The number of participants who spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent is 6.

Find the total number of outcomes.
Add all the numbers in the table to find the total number of participants.
6 + 2 + 7 + 5 = 20

Find P(A and B).
Since all outcomes are equally likely, the probability of event A and B is the number of outcomes in event A and B divided by the total number of outcomes.
P(A and B) = \frac{# of outcomes in A and B}{total # of outcomes}
 = \frac{6}{20}
 = \frac{3}{10}
The probability that a participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent is \frac{3}{10}.


Question: The houses in Krysta's town get their water from a local reservoir. Krysta and a group of engineers monitor the water level for safety and health reasons. The change in water level over two months is shown in the table. During which month did the water level change more?

Choices:
- April
- May

Answer: April

Month | Change in water level (in.)
April | -6
May | 4

Solution:
A positive change means the water level went up. A negative change means the water level went down.
To find the month the water level changed more, use absolute value. Absolute value tells you how much the water level changed each month.
April: |-6| = 6
May: |4| = 4
The water level went down 6 inches in April, and it only went up 4 inches in May. The water level changed more in April.


Question: How much money does Percy need to buy a book about hiking and a book about Australia?

Answer: 12

book about Asia | $6
book about Antarctica | $8
book about Australia | $7
book about hiking | $5
book about Europe | $7
book about cars | $5

book about Asia
book about Antarctica
book about Australia
book about hiking
book about Europe
book about cars

Solution:
Add the price of a book about hiking and the price of a book about Australia:

$5 + $7 = $12

Percy needs $12.


Question: Danielle just returned from a spring break volunteer trip. She is shopping for a photo album that will showcase her photos from the trip. The albums range in photo capacity and orientation. What is the probability that a randomly selected photo album holds exactly 100 photos and is oriented vertically? Simplify any fractions.

Answer: 5/17

 | Horizontally | Vertically
50 photos | 5 | 2
100 photos | 5 | 5

Solution:
Let A be the event "the photo album holds exactly100 photos" and B be the event "the photo album is oriented vertically".
To find the probability that a photo album holds exactly100 photos and is oriented vertically, first identify the sample space and the event.
The outcomes in the sample space are the different photo albums. Each photo album is equally likely to be selected, so this is a uniform probability model.
The event is A and B, "the photo album holds exactly100 photos and is oriented vertically".
Since this is a uniform probability model, count the number of outcomes in the event A and B and count the total number of outcomes. Then, divide them to compute the probability.

Find the number of outcomes in the event A and B.
A and B is the event "the photo album holds exactly100 photos and is oriented vertically", so look at the table to see how many photo albums hold exactly100 photos and are oriented vertically.
The number of photo albums that hold exactly100 photos and are oriented vertically is 5.

Find the total number of outcomes.
Add all the numbers in the table to find the total number of photo albums.
5 + 5 + 2 + 5 = 17

Find P(A and B).
Since all outcomes are equally likely, the probability of event A and B is the number of outcomes in event A and B divided by the total number of outcomes.
P(A and B) = \frac{# of outcomes in A and B}{total # of outcomes}
 = \frac{5}{17}
The probability that a photo album holds exactly100 photos and is oriented vertically is \frac{5}{17}.


Question: How much more does a fleece blanket cost than a beach blanket?

Answer: 0.56

quilt | $35.11
yellow bath towel | $17.99
pillow | $12.75
fleece blanket | $14.08
flannel sheet | $19.47
beach blanket | $13.52

quilt
yellow bath towel
pillow
fleece blanket
flannel sheet
beach blanket

Solution:
Subtract the price of a beach blanket from the price of a fleece blanket.

$14.08 - $13.52 = $0.56

A fleece blanket costs $0.56 more than a beach blanket.


Question: Madelyn graphed the temperature at noon for 5 days. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 7

Day | Temperature (Â°C)
Thursday | 7
Friday | 10
Saturday | 5
Sunday | 7
Monday | 7

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

7, 10, 5, 7, 7

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

5, 7, 7, 7, 10

Now find the number in the middle.

5, 7, 7, 7, 10

The number in the middle is 7.

The median is 7.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $380, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: surplus

Solution: At the price of $380, the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied. There is too much of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a surplus.


Question: A food manufacturer surveyed consumers about their macaroni and cheese consumption. How many people ate macaroni and cheese more than 1 time?

Answer: 44

Solution:
Find the rows for 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 times. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

5 + 2 + 3 + 15 + 19 = 44

44 people ate macaroni and cheese more than 1 time.


Question: For a science fair project, Mackenzie tracked the temperature each day. How many temperature readings were at least 10°C but less than 18°C?

Answer: 4

Solution:
Find the row with stem 1. Count all the leaves greater than or equal to 0 and less than 8.

You counted 4 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 4 temperature readings were at least 10°C but less than 18°C.


Question: A museum curator counted the number of paintings in each exhibit at the art museum. How many exhibits have at least 20 paintings but fewer than 50 paintings?

Answer: 3

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 2, 3, and 4.

You counted 3 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 3 exhibits have at least 20 paintings but fewer than 50 paintings.


Question: An agricultural agency is researching how much cheese people have been eating in different parts of the world. Which country consumed the most cheese per capita in 2006?

Choices:
- Germany
- Canada
- Great Britain
- Argentina

Answer: Germany

Country | 1996 | 2006
Germany | 12 | 20
Great Britain | 9 | 10
Canada | 10 | 11
Australia | 10 | 10
Argentina | 11 | 11

Country
Germany
Great Britain
Canada
Australia
Argentina

Solution:
Look at the numbers in the 2006 column. Find the greatest number in this column.

The greatest number is 20, which is in the Germany row. Germany consumed the most cheese per capita in 2006.


Question: The school district compared how many math teachers each high school has. What is the range of the numbers?

Answer: 6

High school | Number of math teachers
Green High | 4
Cedar High | 9
Westside High | 8
Northside High | 6
Lincoln High | 10
Hillview High | 8
Moore High | 8
River High | 9

Green High
Cedar High
Westside High
Northside High
Lincoln High
Hillview High
Moore High
River High

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

4, 9, 8, 6, 10, 8, 8, 9

First, find the greatest number. The greatest number is 10.

Next, find the least number. The least number is 4.

Subtract the least number from the greatest number:

10 − 4 = 6

The range is 6.


Question: The Springtown Chamber of Commerce researched the number of employees working at local companies. How many companies have less than 89 employees?

Answer: 19

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

In the row with stem 8, count all the leaves less than 9.

You counted 19 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plots above. 19 companies have less than 89 employees.


Question: A food critic counted the number of menu items at each restaurant in town. What is the largest number of menu items?

Answer: 74

Solution:
Look at the last row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The last row has the highest stem. The stem for the last row is 7.

Now find the highest leaf in the last row. The highest leaf is 4.

The largest number of menu items has a stem of 7 and a leaf of 4. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 74.

The largest number of menu items is 74 menu items.


Question: A theme park developer recorded the number of people who visited the local water park last summer. How many people went to the water park at least 3 times?

Answer: 12

Number of trips | Frequency
1 | 12
2 | 16
3 | 0
4 | 5
5 | 7

Solution:
Find the rows for 3, 4, and 5 times. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

0 + 5 + 7 = 12

12 people went to the water park at least 3 times.


Question: How much more does a navy blue bath mat cost than a green kitchen towel?

Answer: 4.58

green kitchen towel | $2.99
beach blanket | $6.89
navy blue bath mat | $7.57
flannel sheet | $7.01
beach towel | $6.38

green kitchen towel
beach blanket
navy blue bath mat
flannel sheet
beach towel

Solution:
Subtract the price of a green kitchen towel from the price of a navy blue bath mat.

$7.57 - $2.99 = $4.58

A navy blue bath mat costs $4.58 more than a green kitchen towel.


Question: For an assignment, Stefan looked at which countries got the most Nobel Prizes in various decades. Which country had more Nobel Prize winners in the 1970s, Russia or Germany?

Choices:
- Russia
- Germany

Answer: Germany

Country | 1970s | 1980s
Germany | 9 | 11
Canada | 2 | 3
Russia | 5 | 1
France | 3 | 5

Solution:
Find the 1970 s column. Compare the numbers in this column for Russia and Germany.

9 is more than 5. Germany had more Nobel Prize winners in the 1970 s.


Question: Some students compared how many clubs they belong to. What is the range of the numbers?

Answer: 6

Name | Number of clubs
Joseph | 8
Allie | 7
Eliana | 2
Leroy | 6
David | 2
Tucker | 7
Xavier | 4

Joseph Allie Eliana Leroy David Tucker Xavier

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

8, 7, 2, 6, 2, 7, 4

First, find the greatest number. The greatest number is 8.

Next, find the least number. The least number is 2.

Subtract the least number from the greatest number:

8 − 2 = 6

The range is 6.


Question: How much money does Emmet need to buy 8 European vacation packages and 7 Caribbean vacation packages?

Answer: 8,899

African safari vacation package | $512
Caribbean vacation package | $613
European vacation package | $576
Australian vacation package | $849

African safari vacation package
Caribbean vacation package
European vacation package
Australian vacation package

Solution:
Find the cost of 8 European vacation packages.

$576 × 8 = $4,608

Find the cost of 7 Caribbean vacation packages.

$613 × 7 = $4,291

Now find the total cost.

$4,608 + $4,291 = $8,899

Emmet needs $8,899.


Question: How much money does Jason need to buy a set of forks and a baking dish?

Answer: 26.88

set of dishes | $25.05
set of forks | $11.35
cookie jar | $14.36
cutting board | $10.52
baking dish | $15.53
soup pot | $67.53

set of dishes
set of forks
cookie jar
cutting board
baking dish
soup pot

Solution:
Add the price of a set of forks and the price of a baking dish:

$11.35 + $15.53 = $26.88

Jason needs $26.88.


Question: A waitress kept track of how many hours she worked each day. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 8

Day | Hours
Thursday | 6
Friday | 8
Saturday | 8
Sunday | 8
Monday | 2
Tuesday | 10
Wednesday | 6

Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

6, 8, 8, 8, 2, 10, 6

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

2, 6, 6, 8, 8, 8, 10

Now find the number in the middle.

2, 6, 6, 8, 8, 8, 10

The number in the middle is 8.

The median is 8.


Question: An adventure tour company found out how many whales people saw on its most popular whale tour. How many people saw fewer than 3 whales?

Answer: 38

Whales spotted | Frequency
0 | 16
1 | 17
2 | 5
3 | 20
4 | 14

Solution:
Find the rows for 0, 1, and 2 whales. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

16 + 17 + 5 = 38

38 people saw fewer than 3 whales.


Question: The school cafeteria asked students about their favorite sandwiches before updating the lunch menu. How many students voted for cheese sandwiches?

Answer: 22

Sandwich | Lower elementary students | Upper elementary students
Cheese | 6 | 16
Ham | 4 | 12
Egg salad | 19 | 18
Peanut butter | 16 | 19
Turkey | 18 | 5

Cheese
Ham
Egg salad
Peanut butter
Turkey

Solution:
Find the row for cheese. Add the numbers in the Cheese row.

Add:

6 + 16 = 22

22 students voted for cheese sandwiches.


Question: A real estate agent looked into how many houses were sold in different cities. What is the range of the numbers?

Answer: 11

City | Number of houses sold
Briggs Corner | 83
New Hamburg | 86
Melville | 94
Fremont | 92
Liberty City | 94
Charles Falls | 89
Pleasant Town | 89
Pennytown | 87

Briggs Corner
New Hamburg
Melville
Fremont
Liberty City
Charles Falls
Pleasant Town
Pennytown

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

83, 86, 94, 92, 94, 89, 89, 87

First, find the greatest number. The greatest number is 94.

Next, find the least number. The least number is 83.

Subtract the least number from the greatest number:

94 − 83 = 11

The range is 11.


Question: Look at the following schedule. When does the koala feeding begin?

Choices:
- 3:10 P.M.
- 1:10 P.M.
- 2:10 P.M.
- 5:40 P.M.

Answer: 2:10 P.M.

Event | Begin | End
giraffe feeding | 10:00 A.M. | 11:05 A.M.
bear lecture | 11:40 A.M. | 12:30 P.M.
insect show | 1:10 P.M. | 1:40 P.M.
koala feeding | 2:10 P.M. | 2:40 P.M.
reptile show | 3:10 P.M. | 4:00 P.M.
tiger lecture | 3:30 P.M. | 4:50 P.M.
bird show | 5:40 P.M. | 6:25 P.M.

giraffe feeding
bear lecture
insect show
koala feeding
reptile show
tiger lecture
bird show

Solution:
Find the koala feeding on the schedule. Find the beginning time for the koala feeding.

koala feeding: 2:10 P. M.


Question: In science class, Alana is measuring the temperature of different chemical mixtures. The temperatures of two mixtures are shown in the table. Which mixture's temperature is closest to zero?

Choices:
- bromine mixture
- acetone mixture

Answer: bromine mixture

Mixture | Temperature (°C)
Bromine mixture | -4
Acetone mixture | 5

Solution:
A positive number means the temperature is above zero. A negative number means the temperature is below zero.
To find the temperature closest to zero, use absolute value. The absolute value of a temperature tells you how far it is from zero.
Bromine mixture: |-4| = 4
Acetone mixture: |5| = 5
The temperature of the bromine mixture is closest to zero. It is only 4 degrees below zero.


Question: A county agency recorded the money donated to several charitable causes over time. How much money was raised for animals in May?

Answer: 13

Cause | May | June
Medical research | $16 | $8
Animals | $13 | $8
Hunger | $12 | $10
Parks | $8 | $10

Solution:
First, find the row for animals. Then find the number in the May column.

This number is $13.00. $13 was raised for animals in May.


Question: A philanthropic organization compared the amounts of money that its members donated to certain causes. How much more money did Anne donate to clean water than Bridget?

Answer: 3

Person | Clean water | Animal rights
Isaiah | $12 | $5
Liam | $4 | $10
Bridget | $16 | $9
Anne | $19 | $18

Solution:
Find the Clean water column. Find the numbers in this column for Anne and Bridget.

Anne: $19.00
Bridget: $16.00

Now subtract:

$19.00 − $16.00 = $3.00

Anne donated $3 more to clean water than Bridget.


Question: How much money does Vijay need to buy a piano key chain and a pumpkin key chain?

Answer: 1.82

rainbow key chain | $0.75
pumpkin key chain | $0.98
piano key chain | $0.84
puppy key chain | $0.94
globe key chain | $0.80
horse key chain | $0.68

rainbow key chain
pumpkin key chain
piano key chain
puppy key chain
globe key chain
horse key chain

Solution:
Add the price of a piano key chain and the price of a pumpkin key chain:

$0.84 + $0.98 = $1.82

Vijay needs $1.82.


Question: Look at the following schedule. Jayla got on the bus at the mall at 10.30 A.M. What time will she get to the playground?

Choices:
- 1:15 P.M.
- 1:45 P.M.
- 11:00 A.M.
- 10:45 A.M.

Answer: 1:15 P.M.

the mall
the post office
the school
the playground
the library

Solution:
Find 10:30 A. M. in the row for the mall. That column shows the schedule for the bus that Jayla is on.

Look down the column until you find the row for the playground.

Jayla will get to the playground at 1:15 P. M.


Question: Emmett went to the store and bought 1.4 kilograms of marmalade. How much did he spend?

Answer: 2.80

blackberry jam | $2/kilogram
marmalade | $2/kilogram
apple butter | $3/kilogram
boysenberry jam | $3/kilogram

blackberry jam
marmalade
apple butter
boysenberry jam

Solution:
Find the cost of the marmalade. Multiply the price per kilogram by the number of kilograms.
$2 × 1.4 = $2.80
He spent $2.80.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: nonlinear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{10 - 17}{8 - 7}
 = \frac{-7}{1}
 = -7
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{5 - 17}{9 - 7}
 = \frac{-12}{2}
 = -6
The rate of change is not the same for each pair of points. So, the function does not have a constant rate of change.
The function is nonlinear.


Question: Look at the following schedule. Rick just missed the 10.00 A.M. bus at the amusement park. How long does he have to wait until the next bus?

Choices:
- 45 minutes
- 15 minutes
- 1 hour
- 30 minutes

Answer: 15 minutes

amusement park
college campus
art museum
airport
park

Solution:
Find 10:00 A. M. in the row for the amusement park.

Look for the next bus in that row.

The next bus is at 10:15 A. M.

Find the elapsed time. The elapsed time is 15 minutes.


Question: Some students in a biology class compared how many times they went to the park last week to work on their plant research projects. How many students went to the park fewer than 2 times?

Answer: 22

Number of trips | Frequency
0 | 17
1 | 5
2 | 16
3 | 4

Solution:
Find the rows for 0 and 1 time. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

17 + 5 = 22

22 students went to the park fewer than 2 times.


Question: Some teachers compared how many years they have been teaching. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 9

Teacher | Number of years
Mr. Nakamura | 9
Miss Torres | 11
Mr. Perez | 11
Mr. Park | 10
Miss Watson | 9
Mrs. Ramirez | 9
Ms. Chan | 2
Miss Lim | 11

Mr. Nakamura
Miss Torres
Mr. Perez
Mr. Park
Miss Watson
Mrs. Ramirez
Ms. Chan
Miss Lim

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

9, 11, 11, 10, 9, 9, 2, 11

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 8 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

9 + 11 + 11 + 10 + 9 + 9 + 2 + 11 = 72

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

72 ÷ 8 = 9

The mean is 9.


Question: A juice shop tracked how many smoothies it sold in the past 4 days. On which day did the shop sell the most smoothies?

Choices:
- Sunday
- Monday
- Tuesday
- Wednesday

Answer: Sunday

Day | Number of smoothies
Sunday | 69
Monday | 64
Tuesday | 61
Wednesday | 65

Solution:
Find the greatest number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The greatest number is 69.

Now find the corresponding day. Sunday corresponds to 69.


Question: Principal Crawford reported the state test scores from some students at her school. How many students scored exactly 48 points?

Answer: 0

Solution:
For the number 48, the stem is 4, and the leaf is 8. Find the row where the stem is 4. In that row, count all the leaves equal to 8.

You counted 0 leaves. 0 students scored exactly 48 points.