A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study for 6 years after the first visit demonstrated an extensively grown tumor occupying the sellar and wide juxtasellar regions (a-d). Sagittal T2WI.


A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study for 6 years after the first visit demonstrated an extensively grown tumor occupying the sellar and wide juxtasellar regions (a-d). The black arrow indicates an invasion of the front of the tumor into the clivus (c and d). Sagittal GEI.


A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study for 6 years after the first visit demonstrated an extensively grown tumor occupying the sellar and wide juxtasellar regions (a-d). The white arrow indicates a relatively well-enhanced area, supposed to be the pituitary gland, on top of the tumor (d). The black arrow indicates an invasion of the front of the tumor into the clivus (c and d). Coronal GEI.


A sagittal computed tomography (CT) scan the tumor was isodense to the brain parenchyma (a). (a) Brain window.


The sellar floor was extensively thickened (arrows in a and b). (b) Bone window.


A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan immediately after the surgery showing sufficient decompression of the optic chiasma. Sagittal GEI.


A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan immediately after the surgery showing sufficient decompression of the optic chiasma. The pituitary gland was well preserved (arrows in a and b). Coronal GEI.


A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan studied at 34 months after the surgery showed the control of the tumor growth. Sagittal GEI.


A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan studied at 34 months after the surgery showed the control of the tumor growth. The surgically debulked area was occupied by fibrous tissues (* in a and . (b) Coronal GEI.


Patient with left-sided proptosis.


The follow-up photograph after 1.5 months showing significant resolution of the proptosis.


Sanger sequencing results: electropherograms of the affected patient and her parents. (+) indicated the wild type allele. The position of the mutation is indicated by the arrow.


Sagittal T2-weighted MRI without injection showing bilobular ovarian mass (arrow) and ascites (asterisk).


Serous cystadenoma of the ovary. (A) Thin-walled unilocular cyst that is lined by cubo-cylindrical monostratified epithelium (Low magnification x 10).


Serous cystadenoma of the ovary. (B) Monostratified, focally pseudostratified lining with monotonous, cuboidal or columnar, ciliated cells with round or oval nuclei. The epithelium is supported by variable amounts of spindle cell stroma with no cytologic atypia seen (Medium magnification x 20).


Pain could be reproduced when the patient applied wrist flexion and ulnar deviation (a and b).


The patient achieving full pronosupination, palpable, and visible extensor carpi ulnaris dislocation (c) was equally addressed in both limbs.


Dorsal approach of the fifth and sixth compartments (a).


Ulnar groove of the sixth compartment's floor was deepened to give better support to the tendon (b).


Three 2.0mm bone anchors anchored to the lateral ulnar cortex (c).


An extensor retinaculum flap was made and extensor carpi ulnaris was finally wrapped around the flap and attached above the fifth compartment using the anchors (d).


Incision over the course of the nerve between the medial epicondyle and the olecranon (a).


Ulnar nerve dislocation with flexion of the elbow (b).


Osborne's ligament and the arcade of Struthers incised, together with the deep flexor-pronator mass fascia (c).


Anterior subcutaneous transposition maintained with a facial flap (d).


Index case with tongue soft-tissue masses.


Polydactyly.


The evolution of hemoglobin (Hb).


White cell count (WCC).


Thrombocytes.


The DAS28 score. Up to 19 months after therapy start. Arrows indicate time of Rituximab infusions.


Black, necrotic ulcerated plaque on the gluteal region 15 days following etofenamate injection.


Large atrophic, deppressed scar on the gluteal region one month following treament.


Thrombus extracted from inferior vena cava (IVC) and atrium.


Differential hypoxemia. ECMO, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; IVC, inferior vena cava; RA, right atrium.


Preopertaive axial view of current case showing. T1 (without contrast).


T1 (with contrast).


T2 (without contrast).


Immunohistochemically, the cells were positive for CD99. The complete reactivity pattern of the specimen is shown in Table 2.


The electrocardiogram prior to antiarrhythmic treatment. The electrocardiogram shows a short PR interval, a delta wave, wide QRS complex, and ST depression.


Electrocardiograms with the sacral neuromodulation device in both on and off modes. (A) An electrocardiogram performed with the sacral neuromodulation implant in "off" mode shows no changes and a sinus rhythm in a patient on antiarrhythmic medication.


Electrocardiograms with the sacral neuromodulation device in both on and off modes. (B) An electrocardiogram performed with the sacral neuromodulation implant in "on" mode shows no changes and a sinus rhythm in a patient on antiarrhythmic medication.


Abdominal radiograph showing dilated bowel loops.


Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging scan of probands showing multiple renal cysts and pulmonary bullae.


CT scan showing partial vermian hypoplasia with partial obstruction to 4th ventricle but no posterior fossa enlargement: Findings suggestive of Dandy Walker variant.


Platelet fluctuations of the patient within one and a half years (13-Feb-2019-26-Aug-2020) after admission.


(a) Inferonasal view of Descemet's membrane detachment (DMD) 5 months after penetrating keratoplasty in patient 1.


(b) tomography.


(a) Inferotemporal view of Descemet's membrane (DM) dehiscence at the graft-host interface 1 month following penetrating keratoplasty in patient 2.


(b) DM dehiscence in the same patient demonstrated by anterior segment optical coherence tomography.


CT sagital scan showing C2 Fracture.


CT axial scan showing bilateral facet C2 fracture.


Sagital MRI that shows the angulation greater than 11 grades and comprise of the C2-3 intervertebral disc.


Axial CT scan that shows adequate reduction of C2 fracture with transpedicular screws.


Sagital CT scan that shows reduction of fractured elements.


3D reconstruction showing posterior C2-4 fusion.


Transoperative view of the cervical screws in place.


Transoperative fluoroscopic control showing adequate placement of cervical C2-4 screws.


The CT images of the adrenal glands for case1.


Case 2.


Case 3 Adrenal contrast-enhanced CT showed adrenal hyperplasia (arrows).


Endoscopic image showing the post-cricoid web.


Growth curve representing prenatal and postnatal growth retardation.


MRI of the brain showing slightly enlarged ventricles and pituitary gland with no abnormalities.


Right-sided spike-and-wave focus in the fronto-temporo-parietal region, with a short generalized discharge on EEG.


Fetal ultrasonographic image shows an extrathoracic left ventricle (RV, right ventricle; LV, left ventricle; MV, mitral valve; TV, tricuspid valve).


Fetal ultrasonographic image shows an extrathoracic left ventricle, a ventricular septal defect and pulmonary artery hypoplasia (L, liver; VSD, ventricular septal defect; PA, pulmonary artery).


Fetal ultrasonographic image shows extrathoracic left ventricle and extra-abdominal liver (L, liver; LV, left ventricle; VSD, ventricular septal defect).


Clinical features of the newborn.


Major clinical features of the patient. (A) Corneal leucoma in both eyes, with no visible pupils and a small left eyeball.


Major clinical features of the patient. (B) Nail dystrophy (right index finger).


Major clinical features of the patient. (C-E) Bilateral absence of the patella.


Major clinical features of the patient. (F) The full body photo of the patient.


Transverse T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of the brain. . Notes: (A-C) Diffuse atrophy of the brain, including the cerebrum, cerebellum, and hippocampus was found, accompanied by dilatation of ventricles, subarachnoid space, and sulci, with an Evans' index of 0.25.


Transverse T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of the brain. (D-F) Eight months after surgical removal of cortisol-secreting adrenocortical adenoma, brain atrophy recovered. Dilatation of ventricles, subarachnoid space, and sulci was also resolved, with an Evans' index of 0.22.


Radiological findings. . Notes: (A) Plain abdominal computed tomography showed a tumor of 2.7 cm diameter with 35 Hounsfield units (arrow) in the left adrenal gland.


Radiological findings. (B) 131I-adosterol scan (posterior view) demonstrated radioisotope accumulation in accordance with the left adrenal mass (arrow), while no uptake was detected on the opposite side.


Histological findings of the resected left adrenal gland. . Notes: (A) Tissue sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) (20x) demonstrated an apparently marginated encapsulated tumor without any capsular or blood vessel invasion.


Histological findings of the resected left adrenal gland. (B) The zona reticularis and fasciculata of the attached non-tumoral adrenal tissue was atrophic (arrow) and showed little expression of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (20x).


Histological findings of the resected left adrenal gland. (C) The tumor consisted mainly of compact cells and partially of clear cells (HE, 400x). A slight infiltration of lymphocytes (arrow) was observed in the tumor.


Histological findings of the resected left adrenal gland. (D) Most of the tumor cells indicated positive immunostaining for 17alpha-hydoroxylase (400x).


Thyroid FNA ThinPrep: On the left are the mesothelioma cells, which are in three-dimensional groupings compared to the Hurthle cell population on the right, that forms two dimensional sheets. The mesothelioma cells have waxy cytoplasm with multiple nucleoli and more nuclear variation. The Hurthle cell population has abundant granular cytoplasm and generally one nucleolus. Papanicolaou stain x600.


Surgical Resection: Panel A (x40) shows nodular thyroid tissue. Panel B (x40): Two populations of cells seen within the nodule. Hurthle cells (black arrow) shows abundant pink cytoplasm. However, the tissue contains mostly mesothelial cells (white arrow) which are smaller polygonal cells with less cytoplasm. Panel C (x100): Mesothelial cells are positive for keratin 5/6. Panel D (x100): Mesothelial cells are positive for calretinin. Other immunostains (not shown) that were positive in the mesothelial cells include CK7 and HBME1, while TTF-1 and Thyroglobulin were both negative.


Magnetic resonance imaging of sella turcica shows predominantly cerebrospinal fluid bright signal inside sella in T2-weighted sagittal image.


Very thin enhancing compressed pituitary gland along the floor of sella with central positioned pituitary stalk in postcontrast enhanced images.


Magnified magnetic resonance imaging of sella turcica (sl) shows empty sella in sagittal T2-weighted image.


Thinned out enhancing pituitary parenchyma with centrally placed stalk (st) in coronal postcontrast image of brain.


Pre- and postoperative clinical course. 0: Onset day, mos: Months, ETSS: Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery.


Axial computed tomography study of the brain. . Notes: Minute cortical and subcortical calcifications located in bilateral frontal lobe.


Spin-Echo T2-weighted sagittal projections on magnetic resonance imaging study of the brain. . Notes: A "cobblestone" appearance is evident in the bilateral frontal opercular region.


Electroencephalogram showing diffusely deregulated cerebral electrical activity together with ubiquitous fast paroxysms, prevalent in the left temporal area.


Case 1. 42-year-old male with bilateral hypertrophic olivary degeneration following excision of a fourth ventricular epidermoid cyst Axial. T2-weighted images through fourth ventricle (a and b) show postoperative gliosis (white arrows).


42-year-old male with bilateral hypertrophic olivary degeneration following excision of a fourth ventricular epidermoid cyst. Video clip shows palatal myoclunus.


Case 1. 42-year-old male with bilateral hypertrophic olivary degeneration following excision of a fourth ventricular epidermoid cyst. Axial T2-weighted image 14 months later through same level as 2(b) shows reduction in hypertrophy and hyperintensity.


Case 2. 49-year-old male with unilateral HOD following brainstem hemorrhage.


Case 2. 49-year-old male with unilateral HOD following brainstem hemorrhage. T2-weighted axial images through medulla show ill-defined hyperintensities in olivary region on right side with mild hypertrophy (white arrows).


Fundus photo showing pre-operative full thickness macular hole.


High resolution fundus photo after resolution of Legionella endophthalmitis.


vWF and Factor VIII response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy.


Anterior facial view.


(a) Anterior view.


(b) Maxillary occlusal view.


Orthopantomograph and cone-beam computed tomography images showing: (A) Impacted supernumerary teeth.


(B) Pulpal calcifications/stones.


(C) Taurodontism.


Three-dimensional images showing facially impacted 13. (a) Facial view.


Three-dimensional images showing facially impacted 13. (b) Palatal view.


Three-dimensional images showing facially impacted 13. (c) Occlusal view.


Three-dimensional images showing facially impacted 13. (d) Lateral view.


A; A large vascular polypoid mass completely filling the left nasal cavity.


B; The nasal septum is excluded to the right side.


A; Angiography of left maxillary artery.


B; Gelatin was injected into the left maxillary artery.


C; A lateral rhinotomy approach was performed to remove the tumor.


Molecular studies using PCR analysis confirmed the chromosomal translocation of FLI1 (exon 6).


Clinical appearance of a solid rubbery nodular tumor on the right foot arch, before the initial surgical excision.


Histologic features: elongated neoplastic cells arranged in interconnected fascicles with a plexiform pattern (A). Hematoxylin-eosin, x100.


Ovoid and round neoplastic cells intermixed with osteoclast-like giant cells and hemosiderin deposition (B). . Hematoxylin-eosin, x200).


Preoperative view and design of the excision with 2 cm margins (A).


Early postoperative result after skin graft coverage of the defect (B).


Long-term postoperative view of the operated area 52 months after the wide excision and skin grafting.


21-year-old man with an 8-h history of severe right lower abdominal pain, epigastric pain, vomiting, and fever, diagnosed with Valentino's syndrome. Post contrast computed tomography (CT) scan of abdomen, coronal reformatted image shows air in the retroperitoneum on the right, predominantly around the right kidney (arrow). Normal right renal parenchyma is noted.


21-year-old man with an 8-h history of severe right lower abdominal pain, epigastric pain, vomiting, and fever diagnosed with Valentino's syndrome. Serial post contrast axial computed tomography (CT) scans of abdomen. Above the level of renal hila demonstrating the first part of duodenum.


21-year-old man with an 8-h history of severe right lower abdominal pain, epigastric pain, vomiting, and fever diagnosed with Valentino's syndrome. At the level of renal hila demonstrating the second part of duodenum.


21-year-old man with an 8-h history of severe right lower abdominal pain, epigastric pain, vomiting, and fever diagnosed with Valentino's syndrome. Just below the level of renal hila.


21-year-old man with an 8-h history of severe right lower abdominal pain, epigastric pain, vomiting, and fever diagnosed with Valentino's syndrome. . : At left infrarenal level show significant fat stranding and air in and around the region of the duodenum (solid black arrow), duodenal wall thickening (white arrow), significant fat stranding, retroperitoneal fluid collection, and air in the subhepatic region (hollow black arrow).


21-year-old man with an 8-h history of severe right lower abdominal pain, epigastric pain, vomiting, and fever diagnosed with Valentino's syndrome. Chest radiograph (frontal view) shows right perinephric air (arrow).


21-year-old man with an 8-h history of severe right lower abdominal pain, epigastric pain, vomiting, and fever diagnosed with Valentino's syndrome. Intraoperative photographs show. Retroperitoneal duodenum, and ,the peritoneal rent (white arrow).


21-year-old man with an 8-h history of severe right lower abdominal pain, epigastric pain, vomiting, and fever diagnosed with Valentino's syndrome. Shows the perforation in the anterior wall of the duodenum (black arrow). (GB: Gall bladder).


(a,b) The patient's right index and middle fingers on preoperative evaluation showing fingertip ulceration.


Hyperplastic Pacinian corpuscles located adjacent to the radial neurovascular bundle of the right index finger.


(a,b) Formal sympathectomies were performed on both the radial and ulnar neurovascular bundles with use of the operating microscope.


(a,b) Evidence of healed digital ulcerations at 3-month follow-up.


Cross-section of Pacinian corpuscle showing multi-lamellated connective tissue capsule at 2x.


Medical image.


20x. Magnification.


Face lesions before treatment (at admission).


Thorax lesions before treatment (at admission).


Torso lesions before treatment (at admission).


Face lesions at discharge (23rd day of burn unit).


Thorax lesions at discharge (23rd day of burn unit).


Torso lesions at discharge (23rd day of burn unit).


Dysmorphic features: prominent long nasal bridge and forehead, small lower jaw, thin lips, strabismus, down slanting palpebral fissures and low set cupped ears.


A; Height and its response to GH and IGF1 treatment.


B; Weight.


Non-contrast computed tomography scan brain showing subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Black solid arrows indicating SAH.


Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showing an expansile mass in the right maxilla measuring approximately 5.6 cm x 4.6 cm x 4.1 cm.


Chest radiograph showing left-sided pleural effusion.


Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen showing cystic lesion in the right ovary and ascitic fluid.


Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the chest showing left-sided pleural effusion along with lung collapse.


Extraoral view showing facial asymmetry.


Birds eye view showing deviated chin button toward right side.


Intraoral view showing enlargement of the maxilla and the mandible.


PNS view showing expansile, ill defined mixed radiopaque-radiolucent lesions in the frontal bone, ground glass radiopaque lesion in the right maxilla.


OPG showing extensive multilocular lesion of the right ascending ramus extending upto the mandibular left first molar.


Lumbar MRI T1W image with contrast (sagittal view) demonstrating enhancement of multiple nerve roots (blue arrows).


Pre- and postoperative stages of penetrating keratoplasty (PK) of the presenting case. The right.


Pre- and postoperative stages of penetrating keratoplasty (PK) of the presenting case. Left eye. Revealed a congenital corneal opacity with scleral tissue extension in the center and the periphery of the cornea, and discreet limbal vascularisation. The histological findings confirmed sclerocornea.


Pre- and postoperative stages of penetrating keratoplasty (PK) of the presenting case. The corneal grafts were completely clear after PK at 4 days on the right eye.


Pre- and postoperative stages of penetrating keratoplasty (PK) of the presenting case. And at 5 months on the left eye In the left eye, the sutures had already been removed.


Pre- and postoperative stages of penetrating keratoplasty (PK) of the presenting case. After 3 years, both eyes (E, F) showed a clear corneal transplant in the center.


Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium contrast: evidence of delayed hyper enhancement (arrow) in both the basal and inferolateral left ventricular regions.


Decreased uptake in the inferolateral and apical ventricular myocardium, which was reversible during stress (reverse distribution) shown on Technetium99m sestamibiscintigraphy myocardial perfusion study.


Multiple metastasis. Although the ovary carcinoma was resected, liver, and bone metastasis (arrow) was detected. Multiple lymph nodes are swelling (arrowhead), indicating metastasis.


Bogota bag.


Dynamic closure system (ABRA ).


Total approximation of the borders of the fascia and skin before primary closure.


Final appearance of the abdomen.


Sagittal computed tomography image of the brain demonstrates a posterior fossa anomaly with vermian hypoplasia, expansile arachnoid cyst, and hydrocephalus.


(a) Maximum intensity projections of computed tomography (CT) angiography demonstrate stenosis of the basilar artery and aplasia of the right common carotid artery.


(b) Multiplanar reconstruction of CT angiography of the neck demonstrates aplasia of the right internal carotid artery.


(c) Skull base CT scanning demonstrates an absence of the right carotid canal.


(d) Abnormal origin and course of the left subclavian vessels are demonstrated. Bilateral common carotid arteries have arisen from the distal side of the left subclavian artery.


(a) Single-photon emission computed tomography demonstrates reduced cerebral blood flow in the border zones between the middle and posterior cerebral artery territories in the right hemisphere.


(b) After extracranial-intracranial bypass, cerebral blood flow of the right hemisphere improves to the normal level.


Brownish-black discolouration of the penis with erythema of the scrotum.


Discolouration of the penis with vesicles filled with hemorrhagic fluid.


Penile skin after debridement.


A; Hematoxylin and eosin. X100. The neoplasm infiltrates through the dermis and is associated with hemorrhage.


B; Hematoxylin and eosin. X400. Irregular vascular spaces are lined by layers of cytologically malignant epithelioid endothelial cells that have amphophilic cytoplasm, large vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli.


C; CD31. X400. Immunohistochemical stain for CD31 stains neoplastic endothelial cells in a membranous pattern.


Slit lamp photograph of the left eye demonstrating peripheral corneal edema.


Erythematous tender plaques on forearm with pseudovesicular appearance (Close up - Inset).


Histopathology showed a diffuse infiltrate consisting predominantly of mature neutrophils located in the upper dermis without evidence of primary leukocytoclastic vasculitis.


Rapid healing on treatment with Dapsone and oral corticosteroids.


Port-wine stains seen over the left side of the face, extending to the right side at the forehead, nose, lip, chin, and cheek regions and a pedunculated, round growth having diameter approximately 2.5 cm on the chin area below the lower lip.


Computed tomography brain revealing abnormal, well-defined 0.5-cm-sized calcified lesions with perilesional gliosis.


Histopathology showing features of lobular capillary hemangioma.


Axial, coronal, and sagittal images of a plain CT head show gyriform calcification in the right parietal cortex. Associated volume loss in the parietal lobe is noted.


Axial, coronal, and sagittal images of a contrast-enhanced MRI reveal focal enhancement with the right parietal sulci.


Timeline of symptoms, diagnostic, interventions, and outcomes.


Shoot from brain MRI of May 8 in :. Show T2-FLAIR acquisition.


Shoot from brain MRI of May 8 in (C) Shows occipital lesion in T2-FLAIR acquisition.


Shoot from brain MRI of May 8 in (D) Shows parietal lesion in T2-FLAIR acquisition.


Shoot from brain MRI of May 8 in (E) Shows occipital lesion positive in DWI.


Shoot from Brain MRI of June 16: (F,G) show T2-FLAIR acquisition.


HBV-DNA and EBV-DNA were detected by the patient. In October 2016, HBV-DNA of the patient was raised to 2.656x10^5 copy/mL, so far, EBV-DNA was still negative. . Abbreviations: CLL/SLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma; MCL, mantle cell lymphoma; HBV-DNA, hepatitis B virus-deoxyribonucleic acid; EBV-DNA, Epstein-Barr virus-deoxyribonucleic acid.


Timeline with relevant data about the episode of care.


Clinical manifestations and treatment response of the patient. A; Before treatment, multiple, variably sized, coalescent, pruritic erythematous urticarial papules and plaques on the thigh are shown.


Clinical manifestations and treatment response of the patient. B; Seven days later, both subjective and objective improvements of symptoms were noticed.


Clinical manifestations and treatment response of the patient. C; After the second session, almost total relief of subjective symptoms and moderate postinflammatory hyperpigmentation were noted on follow-up 12 days later.


Bruising lesion localized to the hands with edema and dysesthesia.


Family pedigree.


Large fourth ventricle mass consistent with medulloblastoma.


Surveillance colonoscopy showing multiple sessile polyps in the entire colon with histologic evidence of dysplasia.


Preoperative photograph in which a great enlargement of the lower lip can be seen.


Intraoperative photograph showing the designed incisional pattern.


Immediate postoperative result.


In this histological image, a mucous layer with chronic lymphoplasmacitic infiltrate can be seen, with presence of noncaseating granulomas. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). 2x.


In this histological image, a mucous layer with chronic lymphoplasmacitic infiltrate can be seen, with presence of noncaseating granulomas. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). 20x.


Final result after 1-year follow-up. Normal lower lip size has been achieved, in an adequate proportion to the upper one.


Bone tissue with signs of remodeling. HE stain, magnification 200x. . See cement lines (arrows).


Intra operative image showing hernial sac containing uterus, fallopian tubes and germ cell tumor.


Intraoperative ultrasound revealing a 2 cm heterogeneous right-sided mass consistent with an abnormal right upper parathyroid gland.


Photomicrographs of the resected parathyroid gland showing multiple endothelium-lined intercommunicating vascular channels filled with blood (capillary hemangioma-like proliferation) without evidence of endothelial atypia or mitotic activity and atrophy of the adjacent tissue (H&E, 20X).


CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with abdominal ascites.


HHV-8 immunostain showing positive nuclear staining. HHV-8 is required for an unequivocal diagnosis of PEL.


High-power view of the cell block highlighting background single-cell necrosis (arrows) admixed with the malignant lymphocytes. H&E. x40.


Images of Ki-67 staining indicating active cell division. (A) representative image for breast cancer tissue with Ki-67 staining. Zoomed in images for boxed regions in The scale bars are 400 and 100 mum, respectively.


Images of Ki-67 staining indicating active cell division.


Complex morphologies of CIC structures. (A) One cell was internalized.


Complex morphologies of CIC structures. (B) abnormal nucleus of the outer cell.


Complex morphologies of CIC structures. (C) Two cells were internalized, and the nucleus of one of them was missing.


Complex morphologies of CIC structures. (D) The cell enclosing two cells was inside of another cell (yellow arrow) without nucleus.


Complex morphologies of CIC structures. (E) Two cells were internalized, and the nucleus of the outer cell was deformed.


Complex morphologies of CIC structures. (F) Sequential internalization of three cells. Inserted pictures are schematic cartoons for the indicated CIC structures, respectively. Scale bar: 20 mum.


PET-CT showed multiple osteolytic bone destruction with increased metabolism, pathological fracture of the right third rib.


Eczema-like changes in the skin of the scrotum at the root of the penis.


The epidermis was eroded partly, and scattered, nested Paget's cells could be observed in the spinous layer with the dermal inflammatory cells infiltrated.


Calcification of the falx cerebri. Brain computed tomography scan showing lamellar calcifications of the falx cerebri (white arrow). A; Axial view.


Calcification of the falx cerebri. Brain computed tomography scan showing lamellar calcifications of the falx cerebri (white arrow). B; Sagittal view.


Pituitary MRI Coronal View. A; Coronal view.


Pituitary MRI Coronal View. B; Sagittal view.


Preoperative angiogram of the right upper extremity showing complete occlusion of the ulnar artery.


Lateral circumflex femoral arterial graft inset intraoperatively, measuring approximately 14 cm in length.


A close-up view of the reconstructed superficial palmar arch utilizing distal branches of the descending lateral circumflex femoral artery.


EWSR1 partners and tumors.


Photographs of. The palms of the hands showing normal skin.


The soles of the feet showing very slight hyperkeratosis.


Intraoral photographs showing. Severe gingival recession, and ,inflammation, especially in anterior region, and ,aggressive periodontitis.


Swelling related to the maxillary right missed canine region extending toward occlusal surface.


Panoramic radiograph showing severe destruction and loss of alveolar bone in both maxillary and mandibular arch, especially in the anterior region and anterior teeth appear as if floating in air without surrounding alveolar bone.


Photograph showing. Removal of the swelling.


Excisional biopsy of the swelling.


Histopathological image showing evidence of calcifications in the hypercellular fibroblastic stroma confirming the lesion as peripheral ossifying fibroma.


Follow-up photograph after 2 years showing loss of more teeth with no recurrence of the lesion.


Follow-up photographs after 2 years showing. Absence of change in the palms of the feet.


Slight increase in keratosis in the soles of the feet.


Twelve-lead electrocardiogram showing ventricular pacing rhythm at a heart rate of 80/min.


Previous MRI (a) High-resolution T2 MRI showing cerebral aqueduct stenosis/web.


(b) Axial FLAIR MRI showing abnormal signal in the optic chiasm extending to bilateral optic tracts and in the midbrain from the interpeduncular fossa extending between the red nuclei to the area of the oculomotor nuclei.


Preshunt adjustment axial T1 MRI demonstrating slit ventricles suggestive of shunt overdrainage.


Preshunt adjustment sagittal T2 MRI showing normal 4th ventricle and cistern spaces, no distortion of brainstem or splenium and no tonsillar herniation.


Five months postshunt adjustment looking straight ahead with no downward gaze preference, strabismus or ptosis. Subtle horizontal divergence.


Five months postshunt adjustment looking down. Left eye deviation laterally.


Five months postshunt adjustment attempting to look upward. Persistent upgaze limitation with lateral deviation of the left eye.


Alteration of fasting blood glucose level.


Serum triglyceride level. After intensive insulin therapy.


Clinical photograph showing essential infantile esotropia (OD).


Clinical photograph showing postaxial polydactyly of both hands.


Radiograph showing shortening of distal and middle phalanges as compared to proximal ones.


Showing oral candidiasis.


The finger nail changes.


Timing of major clinical features in APS type 1.


Patient's metaphase spread, with the arrow indicating the marker chromosome.


Results of PCR screening of marker chromosomes for XIST gene presence. Primers: CH3R/F on lines 1-5; CHXR/F on lines 6-8, 11, 12; XISTF/R on lines 13-17. DNA templates: chromosome 3 painting probe on lines 1, 6, 13; chromosome X painting probe on lines 2, 7, 14; microdissection-derived marker chromosome (mar1) on lines 3, 8, 15; microdissection-derived marker chromosome (mar2) on lines 4, 11, 16; negative controls on lines 5, 12, 17; 100 bp ladder on lines 9, 10, 18.


MR images obtained 2 weeks . Coronal T1-weighted image demonstrated intra-and suprasellar mass with a central area of high signal intensity consistent with hematoma of subacute phase. Compared with MR images obtained 2 weeks after onset.


MR images obtained 2 weeks . The hyperintense signal may correspond to hemoglobin degradation content as extracellular methhemoglobin,. Sagittal postgadolinium T1-weighted image showed rim enhancement of hematoma capsule.


3 weeks. After onset,. Coronal T1-weighted image demonstrated enlargement of pituitary hematoma resulting in compression of the chiasm (arrows). No sign of rebleeding was detected. The compression of chiasm was markedly worsened for this one week. Arrows).


Intraoperative microphotograph showing the content of hematoma. Xanthochromic fluid was spouted after dural opening (arrows).


Neuroradiological features. Brain MRI showed bilateral, symmetric signal abnormalities in the basal ganglia, and brain stem (A-C: T2-weighted images).


Sequencegrams. M.13513G>A was identified in the DNA of the patient (A).


Sequencegrams. The mutation was not found in DNA samples derived from his mother (B).


Typical cushingoid face of the patient.


Contrast enhanced computed tomography abdomen showed large lobulated necrotic hypodense enhancing lesion involving part of retroperitoneal space.


Gross image of a renal primitive neuroectodermal tumor. This specimen is notable for a variegated appearance. Select areas of the tumor feature a tan/brown or dark brown/red coloration, whereas other sections of the tumor feature a more yellow appearance, helping to illustrate the range of coloration observable on gross examination. This specimen is also notable for its lobulated appearance.


Generalized acne on the patient's face.


Wide purplish striae on the patient's abdomen.


Serial chest radiographs showing acute pulmonary oedema from her previous 4 admissions. Left pleural effusion with bat's wings appearance, and ,cardiomegaly.


Serial chest radiographs showing acute pulmonary oedema from her previous 4 admissions. Left pleural effusion with cardiomegaly.


Serial chest radiographs showing acute pulmonary oedema from her previous 4 admissions. Upper lobe diversion with bat's wings appearance, and ,cardiomegaly.


Serial chest radiographs showing acute pulmonary oedema from her previous 4 admissions. Left pleural effusion.


Lateral view of thoracolumbar X-ray showing the compression fracture at T9 to L1 spine with osteopenic bone.


Volumetric 3D reconstruction of the thoracolumbar spine from CT images showing compression fracture.


CT adrenal pre-contrast scan showing the right adrenal adenoma (blue arrow).


CT adrenal post-contrast scan showing the well-defined hypodense lesion at the medial limb of the right adrenal gland.


Serum enzyme trend during treatment with osimertinib after chemotherapy + pembrolizumab and concomitant steroid therapy. The modification of liver enzymes indicated grade (G) 3 liver injury, with important alterations in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT). Although the interruption of osimertinib and the concomitant use of steroids reduced the altered enzyme values, an insufficient interval between the adverse event and osimertinib rechallenge rapidly induced new toxicity that took several days to resolve.


Cutaneous and mucosal involvement in Stevens-Johnson syndrome (day 45 of osimertinib). (A) Diffuse painful G3 erythema over the entire body upon hospital admission. The patient also had mucositis of the oral cavity (with blisters), pharynx (causing dysphagia), eyes, vagina, and nose (with ulcers causing episodes of epistaxis). SCORTEN score 3.


Cutaneous and mucosal involvement in Stevens-Johnson syndrome (day 45 of osimertinib). (B) Reduction in the diffuse erythema, with areas of flaking and depigmentation (day 60).


Frontal view of the child.


Charcot's joint.


Restricted mouth opening.


Dental caries in relation to 54 and 64.


Elli's class I fracture in relation to 11 and 21.


Dental caries involving the pulp in relation to 36.


Lateral cephalogram revealing the absence of tooth buds and severe mandibular prognathism.


Triple antibiotic paste filled in the pulp chamber and permanent restoration done for 36.


Composite restoration of maxillary central incisors.


A full thick excision skin biopsy and a nerve biopsy being performed.


Orthokeratotic squamous epithelium with papillomatosis.


Parotid fistula and Frey's syndrome.


The parotid region is divided into four quadrants. The injection points are at 1 cm from each other.


A de novo 3.1 Mb deletion on 14q13.1q21.1 was identified in the patient. The deletion encompasses 17 OMIM genes and the pLI (probability of LoF intolerant) value of each gene is shown in colors. The deletion shown is detected by CNV-seq.


A
) Chest X-ray of the patient showing pneumothorax on right side.


B
) Computed tomography revealing bilateral cysts and ground glass appearance.


Thoracoscopic image of cystic lesion.


Preoperative appearance of breast mass. Image of the breast lesion illustrating the superolateral fungating breast ulcer on a large, irregularly shaped, nodular breast mass.


Examination findings. 2A: an anterior image of the patient illustrating the limb deformity confined to the right side of the body with limb shortening and irregular angular deformity. 2B: a lateral image of the patient illustrating limb abnormalities. 2C: Image of the patient's right hand illustrating nodular prominences of the bones of the hand and fingers as well as finger shortening and irregular angular deformity.


CECT abdomen showing mass replacing the right ovary with nonvisualization of the uterus.


(a) Microphotograph showing islands of large polygonal tumor cells surrounded by lymphoid cells. The tumor cells possess clear cytoplasm and centrally placed nuclei with vesicular chromatin and prominent nucleoli.


(H&E 400x) and (b) Microphotograph showing tumor cells arranged in papillary fronds having vesicular coffee bean nuclei. (H&E 100x).


Chest X-ray showing asymmetric lobar opacities.


Transthoracic echocardiography. (a) Four-chamber view showing a tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion of 16 mm.


Transthoracic echocardiography. (b) Four-chamber view showing a mildly dilated right ventricle, with a telediastolic basal diameter of 42 mm.


Computed tomography showing a prominent hilar pulmonary vasculature and pulmonary ground-glass opacities.


Hysteroscopic picture - Endometrial adhesions.


Postadhesiolysis hysteroscopic picture.


Thin endometrium after removal of IUCD in preovulatory period.


Well-developed endometrium with low-resistance vascularity reaching zone 4.


Gestational sac, yolk sac, and embryonic pole after embryo transfer and positive beta-hCG test.


M-mode of cardiac activity of embryo.


3D picture of 8 weeks scan.


Preoperative view showing facial swellings and skin pigmentation.


Preoperative OPG showing the maxillary and mandibular lesions.


Computed tomography scan - Axial view.


Computed tomography scan - Coronal view.


Histopathology slide suggestive of Giant cell lesions.


Lesions exposed for curettage.


Decalcified freeze-dried bone powder used for filling the surgical defects.


Decalcified freeze-dried bone powder.


Mandibular defects filled with bone powder postcurettage.


Maxillary defects filled with bone powder postcurettage.


Postoperative OPG: At 2-week postenucleation.


Six months postoperative view.


Postoperative OPG: At 15 months postcalcitonin therapy.


Axial brain CT demonstrates left gyriform calcifications as well as bilateral cerebral atrophy and dilatation of both lateral ventricles that is more prominent on the left side.


Coronal brain MRI (T1 with contrast) demonstrates a dura-based mass in the left parasagittal posterior parietal region, with enhancement and surrounding vasogenic edema.


Coronal brain MRI (T1 with contrast) shows post-operative changes after resection of the meningioma. It also demonstrates asymmetrical dilatation of the lateral ventricles.


Left face lesions due to nevus sebaceous.


Left frontotemporal lipoma.


Preoperative MRI showing abnormal signal intensities on epidural dumbbell-shaped mass (measuring 25x18x24 mm) traversing the C1 to C2 interspinous space, compressing surrounding structures. The dumbbell-shaped lesion reveals isointense on sagittal T1-WI.


Preoperative MRI showing abnormal signal intensities on epidural dumbbell-shaped mass (measuring 25x18x24 mm) traversing the C1 to C2 interspinous space, compressing surrounding structures. , mixed hypointense on T2-WI.


Preoperative MRI showing abnormal signal intensities on epidural dumbbell-shaped mass (measuring 25x18x24 mm) traversing the C1 to C2 interspinous space, compressing surrounding structures.well-enhanced after gadolinium administration The spinal cord was compressed at the C2 level, and the signal change appeared on T2-WI. MRI : magnetic resonance images, WI : weighted image.


Post-operative CT scan. Partial hemilaminectomy, from the lower half of the C1 posterior arch to upper half of C2 spinous process, was performed. Mid-sagittal.


Post-operative CT scan. . 3-dimensional reconstruction).


Post-operative CT scan. C : Follow-up MRI with enhancement after postoperative 2 years reveals no residual and no recurrence. CT : computed tomography, MRI : magnetic resonance images.


Photomicrographs of the tumor reveals focal aggregation of cells with ample, clear, and foamy cytoplasm. There are large round cells with irregular vesicular nuclei. H&E, original magnification x200.


Gross finding of the tumor. A : External surface of the tumor; ovoid, yellowish, encapsulated with a white-colored adhesion scar at the mid-portion of the mass shown in the picture.


Gross finding of the tumor. B : Mid-section of the tumor, particularly yellow and white with cystic components.


Plain and enhanced CT findings. A 61 mm tumor in the posterior section was observed as. A low density area in the plain phase,. . A 10 mm tumor at the root of right hepatic vein was observed as. A low density area in the plain phase.


Plain and enhanced CT findings. A slightly high density area in the artery phase,. A high density area in the artery phase.


Plain and enhanced CT findings. A strong high density area in the portal phase, and . A high density area in the portal phase.


Plain and enhanced CT findings. An isodensity area in venous phase. An isodensity area in the venous phase.


Pathological and immunohistochemistry findings. Regarding the larger tumor,. Macroscopically, it measured 61 mm, and ,was white in color.


Pathological and immunohistochemistry findings. Microscopically, it had normal hepatocytes with mild sinusoidal dilation.


Pathological and immunohistochemistry findings. The hepatocytes were positive for CRP by immunohistochemistry.


Pathological and immunohistochemistry findings. . The smaller tumor measured 11 mm in diameter with. A white area, and ,an unclear margin.


Pathological and immunohistochemistry findings. Normal hepatocytes, and ,lymphocytes.


Pathological and immunohistochemistry findings. CRP-positive hepatocytes.


(A). Macroscopic view of skin-colored compressible protuberances in the cervical neck region simulating a lipoma (Blue arrow).


(B) Macroscopic view of the left side of the chest showing small, dark-blue venous nodules (Blue arrow).


(C,D) Axial gradient echo images, multiple lesions shown by red arrows.


Paraffin-embedded tissue samples from the right shoulder were deparaffinized and stained with anti-CD205 Ab.


Anti-CD163 Ab.


Anti-MMP-7 Ab.


Anti-MMP-28 Ab.


Anti-IL-17 Ab.


Or anti-IL-27 Ab The sections were developed with liquid permanent red. Original magnification: x200.


T2 weighted MRI showing an expansile lesion involving C2 vertebra with cord compression.


A; Pharyngoesophagography showed a large diverticulum retaining a meal rest (black arrows).


Ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic lesion containing echogenic foci (white arrows) suggesting a meal rest in the right lobe of the thyroid.


A hypoechoic lesion containing some small hyperechoic foci suggesting air bubbles (white arrowheads) in the left lobe of the thyroid.


D; Ultrasonography showed an isoechoic mass measuring 30.6 x 16.7 mm (black arrowheads) containing hyperechoic foci suggesting calcification in the left lobe of the thyroid.


Cervical CT findings. A; Coronal CT showed the bilateral hypopharyngeal diverticula (white arrows) protruding from the cervical esophagus laterally; the cervical nodule (white arrowheads) was located under the left diverticulum.


Cervical CT findings. B; Coronal CT showed that the left-sided hypopharyngeal diverticulum (white arrows) was located below the cricoid cartilage (black arrow).


Cervical CT findings. C; Axial CT showed that the thyroid tumor (white arrows) contained an isodensity area with a hyperdensity area that was suggestive of calcium deposition.


Pharyngoesophagographic findings. A; A large left-sided diverticulum and a small right-sided diverticulum were shown in the pharyngoesophageal junction and the thyroid tumor was pressing on the left-sided diverticulum and the cervical esophagus (black arrows) on the frontal projection.


Pharyngoesophagographic findings. B; A left-sided diverticulum was shown overlapping the anterior wall of the cervical esophagus in the lateral position.


Pharyngoesophagographic findings. C; Intraoperative view of the left side of the neck showed a left-sided hypopharyngeal diverticulum sac above the upper esophageal longitudinal muscle fibers (black arrows) that was mobilized from the left lobe of the thyroid and the thyroid tumor.


Pharyngoesophagographic findings. D; Schema of the posterior view of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. Zenker's diverticulum projects to the posterior wall of the esophagus between the inferior constrictor muscle and the cricopharyngeal muscle. The orifice is known as Killian's triangle. Killian-Jamieson diverticulum projects to the lateral wall of the esophagus between cricopharyngeal muscle and upper esophageal longitudinal muscle. The orifice is called Killian-Jamieson triangle.


A coronal T1-contrasted fast spin echo MR scans, and midline sagital 3D incoherent gradient echo MR scans 2 weeks prior to.


1 month following the operation.


Imaging of patient with germline BAP1 mutation. A. Retinal examination revealed a melanocytic tumor with irregular margins involving the majority of the retina.


Imaging of patient with germline BAP1 mutation. B. CT of the abdomen prior to surgery identified a 32 mm lobulated lesion in segment 4B of the liver as indicated by the arrow.


Pedigree of the patient's family with a BAP1 germline mutation. Black Squares indicate a diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Arrow indicates the presence of BAP1 mutation as determined by sequencing studies. Two of the patient's children passed away with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL).


A portion of the electroencephalogram report is shown. Note the presence of background alpha activity and rapid rhythms on frontocentral regions, bilaterally.


An Axial fluid-attenuated inversion recovery image obtained by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is reported. Note the moderate lesions in the frontal subcortical white matter and in semi oval centres of both sides.


(A) Axial fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) image demonstrated cortico-subcortical atrophy and chronic cerebrovasculopathy.


(B) Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) did not show acute lesions.


(C) Neurophysiological studies showed absence of the left sural and the right ulnar sensory nerve action potentials, mildly increased latency of the facial nerve CMAP, and normal repetitive facial nerve stimulation.


(a) Sagittal T1-W MRI without contrast injection, before the first surgery. An extradural hyposignal lesion is observed at S1-S3 level, which was neglected in the first intervention.


(b) Sagittal T1 MRI with contrast from the lumbosacral region after the first operation. Homogenous enhancement of the lesion is observed.


(c and d) Axial T1 MRI views of the lesion with and without contrast, after the first operation.


(a) Axial T2-weighted images at the level of mid-brain shows median cleft, which is seen separating the cerebellar hemispheres and communicating with fourth ventricle, producing the typical bat wing (open umbrella) (solid arrow) appearance.


(b) Axial T2-weighted image at the pontomesencephalic junction shows the typical molar tooth appearance (solid arrow) with prominent superior cerebellar peduncles.


(c) Sagittal T1-weighted image shows absence of primary fissure and a vermin aplasia superiorly (solid arrow).


Macroglossia and elfin features.


Marked acanthosis nigricans and hirsutism, distended abdomen.


Rough skin (upper extermities).


Rough skin (lower extremities).


Crowding of teeth, hyperplastic gingiva.


Postoperative picture, extraction of the offending teeth.


Chest and upper abdomen radiography showing dextrocardia, normal lungs fields and the stomach bubble under the right diaphragm.


Chest computed tomography showing dextrocardia, with no radiographic evidence of bronchiectasis.


Computed tomography scan of the abdomen showing liver on the left and spleen on the right.


Macroscopic image of the umbilical fossa. An induration of 15 x 10 mm in size that accompanied redness was present (arrows).


Skin tissue biopsy image of the umbilical fossa. Irregularly shaped nuclei of atypical cells with a nucleolus indicate poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Original magnification x200.


Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic image. Borrmann type IV advanced gastric cancer was present in the anterior wall of the gastric corpus.


Tissue biopsy image of Borrmann type IV advanced gastric cancer. In the histopathological biopsy of gastric cancer, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, which was similar to an umbilical mass, was detected. Original magnification x200.


Staging CT showing bilateral renal masses, pancreatic cysts and multiple lung metastases.


Chest X-ray showing multiple nodular lesions in both lungs.


Computerized tomography of the brain showing a hyperdense lesion (arrow) in the right posterior parietal lobe.


Electrocardiograms before and after admission. . Notes: (A) An electrocardiogram shows bradycardia with Mobitz type II second-degree atrioventricular block and complete left bundle branch block 1 month before admission.


Electrocardiograms before and after admission. (B) An electrocardiogram shows third-degree atrioventricular block on admission.


An electrocardiogram shows biventricular pacing after CRT-D implantation. . Abbreviation: CRT-D, cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator.


Color fundus photographs.


Optical coherence tomography images. At initial visit. Fundus photographs show annular choroidal detachment and serous retinal detachment in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography images show a wavy retinal pigment epithelium and thick choroid in both eyes. Fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography findings.


Early-phase fluorescein angiogram of right eye (e) shows dye leakage from retinal pigment epithelium.


Late-phase fluorescein angiogram (f) shows slightly increased dye leakage. Dye pooling is not seen.


Early- and late-phase indocyanine green angiograms (g and h, respectively) of right eye show focal hypoperfusion areas. Similar changes were seen in the left eye.


Optical coherence tomography images. At 70 days after initial treatment. Fundus color photographs show resolved annular choroidal detachment and serous retinal detachment in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography images show resolved serous retinal detachment.


Midline rudimentary uterus (black arrow) with fallopian tube on both sides. Both gonad at the two ends, vas can be identified (indicated by forceps tip) along the vascular pedicle. Line diagram (inset) showing the anatomical details of the case. (u = uterus, v = vagina, F. T. = fallopian tube, T = testis, dotted line showing vas deferens).


Excised uterus (blue arrow) along with the bilateral fallopian tube. Both testis separated (black arrows) from the Mullerian remnants.


Distal most part of the rudimentary vagina, the vaginal cavity opened (black arrow) to remove the mucosa.


Microscopic view of blood.


Ulcers in buccal mucosa.


Blood in oral cavity.


Preoperative and postoperative CT. The preoperative head CT showed intraventricular hemorrhage in the lateral ventricles.


Preoperative and postoperative CT. , third ventricle.


Preoperative and postoperative CT.fourth ventricle.


Preoperative and postoperative CT. The postoperative head CT taken during the patient's acute respiratory failure and shortness of breath excluded an intracranial re-hemorrhage in the lateral ventricles.


Photographs of the right.


Left. Eyes.


Fundus autofluorescent (FAF) images of the right.


Left. Eyes are also shown. The FAF image shows a hypofluorescent lesion in the foveal and perifoveal areas consistent with bull's eye retinopathy. A prominent hypofluorescent lesion is visible in the left eye, indicating a marked atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium layer. The bull's eye pattern of depigmentation is also evident on fundus photography and fundus autofluorescent images.


Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AO-SLO) montage . The vertical SD-OCT images from both the right.


Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AO-SLO) montage . Left. Eyes show loss of photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment junctions (moth eaten appearance).


Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Images of both eyes.


Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AO-SLO) montage from the left eye (A) matched with the corresponding red free image.


Magnified AO-SLO images (B,C) are also shown. (B) shows the area indicated by the white box on the montage. As shown in (B), disruptions in the cone mosaic, where cones were missing or lost, is apparent. These disruptions were not present in the normal subject. Additionally, in (B), cones appear to be asymmetrical in shape and size with variable brightness. Scale bar in.


Magnified AO-SLO images (B,C) are also shown. For comparison, (C) shows an age-matched normal retina in the same location. = 25 microm.


Correlation of structural and functional defects. Humphrey visual field (A) revealed a significant central defect.


Correlation of structural and functional defects. The adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AO-SLO) montage from the right eye (B) was matched with the infrared image.


Correlation of structural and functional defects. Images ,. The AO-SLO images ,. Cones in images ,. Scale bar in.


Correlation of structural and functional defects.


Correlation of structural and functional defects. Are magnified AO-SLO images of the locations of visual field defects (white boxes). , show the cone mosaic disruption and dark patchy lesions where cones are missing or lost. Were asymmetric in shape and size and exhibited variable brightness. = 25 microm. SR = superior retina; IR = inferior retina; NR = nasal retina.


Correlation of structural and functional defects. Images ,. Image D had the lowest cone density, and was lower than observed in a normal subject (F,G,H).


Correlation of structural and functional defects. Image D had the lowest cone density, and was lower than observed in a normal subject (F,G,H).


Correlation of structural and functional defects. Are images in the same location from an age-matched normal retina. The location and cone density for each figure is shown. Image D had the lowest cone density, and was lower than observed in a normal subject (F,G,H).


Chest X-ray showing right lung lower lobe consolidation.


Mesial temporal sclerosis. Coronal brain MRI T2 sequence.


Mesial temporal sclerosis. FLAIR sequence. Showing left hippocampal atrophy and high signal intensity.


Non-enhanced MRI image (T1) showing a large pituitary gland mainly due to an enlarged adenohypophysis.


Neonatal tooth erupting from the lower gum at one month.


Ulceration at the ventral aspect of the tongue (Riga Fide disease) at one month.


Appearance of oral cavity 10 months after extraction.


Pedigree of the Chinese family segregating Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome (WSS) in an autosomal recessive manner. Male individuals are represented by squares, and females are represented by circles. Half-filled symbols represent a DCAF17 heterozygous mutation, while filled symbols represent a DCAF17 homozygous mutation. The third child of the patient's parents died at 7 mo and his genetic analyses could not be investigated.


Pituitary MRI of the patient. T2-weighted MR imaging for the patient showed a partially empty sella and a small pituitary gland (arrow).


Pituitary MRI of the patient. ; Magnetic sensitivity weighted imaging showed no abnormal iron deposition accumulation.


Sanger sequencing showed that the patient's.


(Ile371Term), while their father.


Mother. Were heterozygous for this mutation at this site.


Her younger brother's
DCAF17 harbored a homozygous mutation c.1111delA, p.


Intrasellar and suprasellar expansive lesion with haemorrhage.


Hair loss.


Dysmorphic changes of nails.


Slit-lamp color photographs at presentation 11 months after phacoemulsification. . Notes: (A) Healed temporal corneal incision wound, with stromal edema nasal to this site and extending centrally through the visual axis. Note the anterior corneal incision.


Slit-lamp color photographs at presentation 11 months after phacoemulsification. (B) Descemet's membrane dehiscence at the site of clear cornea cataract incision.


Slit-lamp color photographs 18 months after phacoemulsification. . Notes: (A) Persistent microcystic stromal edema extending centrally from the healed temporal corneal incision wound.


Slit-lamp color photographs 18 months after phacoemulsification. (B) Descemet's membrane tear and detachment at the site of the surgical wound.


Histopathologic photomicrographs. . Notes: (A) Histologic examination demonstrates Descemet's membrane (arrows) detached from the edematous corneal stroma. The asterisk shows disruption in Descemet's membrane (hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification 40x).


Histopathologic photomicrographs. (B) Arrows denote Descemet's membrane detachment (hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification 100x).


Involvement of muscles of left upper limb in Hirayama's disease.


Coarse facies.


Multiple hypopigmented atrophic macules present linearly and in reticulate grouping on the trunk along the lines of blaschko.


Multiple hypopigmented atrophic macules on the lower limbs along the lines of blaschko.


Syndactyly of left foot and ectrodactyly of right foot with changes in nails.


Presence of supernumerary nipples.


Postoperative (day 2) photograph showing inversion of Bell's phenomenon in both eyes following right frontalis sling-suspension surgery.


Absence of heterozygosity was noted on chromosome 14 (80%) in cord blood from the fetus.


The result of the UPDtool in parent-child triols in this case of upd(14)pat using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray.


Photograph of the induced fetus.


Tonic clonic seizures beginning in the occipital region 7 min after IPS. X5, outer eyelid; X6, upper eyelid. SEN: 15 muV; HF: 70; TC: 0.03.


There was no epileptic discharge in VEEG 10 min after the administration of midazolam, and the background rhythm was about 8 Hz. X5, outer eyelid; X6, upper eyelid. SEN: 10 muV; HF: 70; TC: 0.1.


Magnetic resonance imaging of the patient. (A and B) Gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced T1-weighted image of cerebellum when the patient was 26 years old. The patient had multiple cerebellar hemangioblastomas.


Magnetic resonance imaging of the patient. (C) Gd-enhanced T1-weighted image of the lower thoracic cord. A small hemangioblatoma with a syrinx is shown.


Magnetic resonance imaging of the patient. (D) T2-weighted image of the lower thoracic cord.


Magnetic resonance imaging of the patient. (E) T1-weighted image of the abdomen. A renal cyst and multiple pancreatic cysts are shown.


Optic fundi before radiosurgery. (A) Left healthy side.


Optic fundi before radiosurgery. (B) Right lesion side.


Magnetic resonance images before radiosurgery. (A) Gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced T1-weighted image, sagittal.


Magnetic resonance images before radiosurgery. (B) Gd-enhanced T1-weighted image, axial.


Magnetic resonance images before radiosurgery. (C) Gd-enhanced T1-weighted image, coronal. Yellow arrows show the tumor.


Magnetic resonance images before radiosurgery. (D) Three-dimensional planning MRI for radiosurgery. The light blue color indicates the tumor enveloping the optic nerve.


Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance images at 18 months after the stereotactic radiosurgery. (A) Sagittal image.


Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance images at 18 months after the stereotactic radiosurgery. (B) Axial image.


Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance images at 18 months after the stereotactic radiosurgery. (C) Coronal image.


Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiogram in apical four-chamber view showing a 27 mm atrial septal defect (horizontal arrow) and stenotic mitral valve (vertical arrow).


Inoue balloon positioned in the left ventricular cavity over the Inoue wire before mitral valvuloplasty.


Transesophageal echocardiography showing malpositioned Amplatzer device into the right atrial cavity.


Lateral projection showing successful final deployment of a 36 mm Heartr. atrial septal occluder device.


Thyroid nodule composed of follicular cells and colloid (H&E.


Positive IHC staining for Tg.


Palm view: pronounced thenar atrophy of the right hand.


Dorsal view of both hands: pronounced thenar atrophy of the right hand.


Intraoperative photograph and sagittal and axial magnetic resonance images obtained 3 months postoperatively. (A) A small breach in the dura mater (white arrow) was seen after the removal of the nucleus pulposus. There was minimal cerebral spinal fluid leakage.


Intraoperative photograph and sagittal and axial magnetic resonance images obtained 3 months postoperatively. T1-weighted.


Intraoperative photograph and sagittal and axial magnetic resonance images obtained 3 months postoperatively. T2 weighted. MR images reveal satisfactory segmental decompression and no compression of the dural sac (whitarrow).


Preoperative and postoperative follow-up radiographs; (A) lateral radiograph of the cervical spine shows absence of the physiological curvature, with degenerative changes in the cervical vertebrae.


(B) Radiograph obtained 3 days after surgery shows partial restoration of the cervical curvature.


(C) Radiograph obtained 3 months after surgery shows no displacement of internal fixation.


(D) Radiograph obtained 1 year after surgery shows stable internal fixation.


Coronal maximum intensity projection image obtained in the arterial phase shows large, tortuous extrahepatic and intrahepatic arteries (black arrows) and diffuse punctate telangiectasias in the liver parenchyma (white arrowheads). Also note 2 pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in the left upper and right lower lobe (white arrows).


Hepatic lesions in a 36-year-old woman with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Three-dimensional volume-rendered arterial phase image shows early opacification of the hepatic veins (white arrows) secondary to arteriovenous shunting. Note the numerous telangiectasias (arrowheads and brace).


Axial arterial.


Hepatic. Phase images show a large arteriovenous shunt in the right lobe (black arrow) and multiple focal nodular hyperplasias (white arrows).


Lesion on perineal area.


Erosions and crusts over the plaque.


Paget's cells in H and E stain x10.


Paget's cells in PAS stain x40.


Pedigree of a family presenting with normokalemic periodic paralysis (NormoKPP). The filled symbols indicate individuals with NormoKPP, whereas the open symbols show individual without NormoKPP. The individuals with asterisks were examined by gene sequencing. The arrow indicates the index case.


A) Hepatic tumor infiltrating head of the pancreas, vena cava inferior and portal vein.


B) Subsequently performed CT revealed regression of the tumor.


C) Tumor infiltrating head of the pancreas, vena cava inferior, portal vein and hepatic artery.


(A) Gastric biopsies taken at time of diagnosis. Numerous pieces from various parts of the stomach show similar features. On low (a - H&E, 2x magnification) and medium (b - H&E, 10x magnification) power views, tortuous hyperplastic glands with occasional mild branching and dilatation are identified. A different field (c - H&E, 10x magnification) demonstrates an area of prominent lamina propria edema with a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate including eosinophils.


(B) (a - H&E, 5x magnification) (b - H&E, 2x magnification): biopsies of colonic hamartomatous polyps taken a year after diagnosis. The crypts are tortuous, and some are cystically dilated secondary to inspissated mucin. The intervening lamina propria shows an infiltrate of predominantly mononuclear cells, as well as occasional hypertrophic strands of smooth muscle cells. (B) Shows a focus of low-grade dysplasia arising on the background of a hamartomatous polyp.


42-year-old male with fever, chest pain, and fatigue later diagnosed with sarcoidosis. Pre-treatment 18F-FDG PET- CT scan, transaxial fusion image at the level of the upper abdomen shows abnormal uptakes of radiotracer in the liver and spleen (arrows).


42-year-old male with fever, chest pain, and fatigue later diagnosed with sarcoidosis. Photomicrograph of the biopsy sample stained with hematoxylin and eosin shows confluent sarcoid granulomata pattern in thoracic lymph node (arrows). Tissue showed occasional multinuclear giant cells Langhans type, mononuclear phagocytes, and lymphocytes. No necrosis was present (x100).


42-year-old male with fever, chest pain, and fatigue later diagnosed with sarcoidosis. Post treatment total body 18F-FDG PET/CT scan:. CT scan.


42-year-old male with fever, chest pain, and fatigue later diagnosed with sarcoidosis. PET scan.


42-year-old male with fever, chest pain, and fatigue later diagnosed with sarcoidosis. Fusion coronal image.


42-year-old male with fever, chest pain, and fatigue later diagnosed with sarcoidosis. MIP image show a physiological distribution of the radiotracer and the complete disappearance of abnormal uptakes at level of right pulmonary hilum, liver, and spleen (arrows in c).


Delayed uptake of contrast medium in the hepatic parenchyma and massive ascites.


A; Ex vivo liver resection was performed for the liver AE lesion. . 1: left hepatic biliary duct opening. 2: PV opening of segment II. 3: PV opening of segment III. 4: HV opening of segment II. 5: HV opening of segment III.


B; The left PV and outflow of the left HV to the IVC was reconstructed using artificial blood vessel for a wide mouth anastomosis. . 1: left PV. 2: left HV.


A; The left HV was reconstructed to IVC using end-to-side anastomosis. The left-PV and left-HA were reconstructed using end-to-end anastomosis. The left-HB was reconstructed using bilioenterostomy. 1: left HV, 2: left-PV, 3: IVC.


B; The resected specimen.


The CT scan indicated no recurrence, thrombus, liver congestion and cholangiectasis.


Chest X-ray showing dextrocardia with normal lung field.


HRCT thorax showing bronchiectasis in the lingular segment.


X-ray of paranasal sinuses showing bilateral maxillary sinusitis with the absence of both frontal sinuses.


X-ray of the cervical spine showing Hangman's fracture with significant translation and angulation.


MRI (t2 sequence) of the cervical spine revealing presence of pinching effect but no signal changes in the cord.


X-ray spine after traction showing realignment of the posterior and the spino-laminar lines.


CT spine showing projection of screws through lateral mass of C1.


CT spine showing projection of screw through lateral mass of C3.


CT spine reconstruction showing projection and final alignment of the construct.


CT spine showing good reduction of the posterior and the spino-laminar lines and normal canal.


Preop status showing bilateral proptosis (left > right) with widened nasal bridge. Extensive conjunctival chemosis on the left side with exposure kearatitis.


Axial.


Sagittal.


Coronal sections of CT brain contrast study showing well enhancing lesion in basifrontal region extending through the ethmoid sinuses into bilateral nasal cavities, orbits, and maxillary sinuses.


Postop CT scan. Sagittal.


Coronal sections showing no significant residual tumor.


(c) Axial sections at the level of greater wing of sphenoid showing minimal edema of the bilateral basifrontal regions.


Extra oral photograph showing right side facial atrophy.


Intra oral photograph showing edentulous 1st quadrant.


Orthopantomogram showing antegonial notch on right side.


Coronal section of CT showing absence of masseter muscle on right side.


MRI showing absence of parotid and submandibular salivary glands.


Microscopical aspect of liver biopsy: hydropic change of hepatocytes, enlarged portal spaces with interface hepatitis (abundant lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate) (HE, x200.


X-ray cervical spine with flexion and extension views revealing of advanced cervical degenerative disc disease at C5-6 and C6-7 with congenital fusion of C7-T1.


MRI cervical spine revealing of advanced cervical degenerative disc disease at C5-6 and C6-7 with congenital fusion of C7-T1.


Final AP and lateral intraoperative fluoroscopic views confirming excellent placement of the cervical disc arthroplasty devices.


One-month postoperative AP and lateral cervical radiographs confirming excellent placement of the cervical disc arthroplasty devices and motion through flexion and extension.


Multiple crusted plaques over trunk.


Multiple crusted plaques over buttocks.


Keratoderma blenorrhagicum - soles.


Circinate balanitis.


Histopathology showing marked hyperkeratosis, focal parakeratosis, with spongiosis, irregular rete ridges and few micro abscesses in the epidermis and predominantly lymphocytic infiltrate in perivascular area in the dermis.


Finger nails showing coarse pitting, yellowish discoloration, transverse ridges and subungual hyperkeratosis.


X-ray hip joint (AP view) showing reduced joint space.


A; Patient prior to orbital decompression.


B; Following decompression surgery, botulinum toxin injection, and eyelid repair for treatment of upper eyelid retraction.


A; Coronal T1-weighted contrast-enhanced MR scan of orbits demonstrates irregular enlargement of the right lacrimal gland.


B; Normal extraconal muscles.


A; Coronal computed tomography of the brain without contrast enhancement at presentation demonstrates normal extraconal muscles.


B; Coronal computed tomography of the brain without contrast enhancement 2 years after presentation demonstrates irregular enlargement of the left inferior rectus.


Biopsy histological features. . Hematoxylin Eosin 400X magnification. Proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells, sparsely forming capillaries with red blood cells inside.


Timeline of clinical events, diagnostic-therapeutic approach, and clinical outcome.


Angioectasia at the hepatic flexure.


Diffuse angioectasias of the ascending colon.


A : Preoperative sagittal T2W TSE MRI showing turbulent flow of CSF in the fourth ventricle and back flow of CSF through the Monro's foramen to the lateral ventricles.


B : Preoperative axial T2 MRI showing significant dilatation of fourth ventricle with turbulent flow of CSF.


C : Preoperative axial T1 MRI showing dilatation of third, fourth and lateral ventricles.


D : Preoperative axial T1 MRI showing significant dilatation of fourth ventricle. CSF : cerebelospinal fluid.


A : Perioperative photo showing the occlusion of Magendie's foramen by the membrane.


B : Perioperative photo showing Magendie's foramen after the incision and removal of the membrane.


A : Postoperative sagittal T1 MRI showing marked decrease in the size of the ventricles.


B : Postoperative coronal T1 MRI showing marked decrease in the size of the ventricles.


C : Postoperative axial T1 MRI showing marked decrease in the size of the ventricles.


Preoperative sagittal.


Axial. T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of the brain with gadolinium contrast demonstrate the presence of an enhancing mass in the right posterior parietal region.


(a and b) Photographs show characteristic features of syndromic craniosynostoses in our patient: Hypertelorism, proptosis, midfacial hypoplasia, and abnormal head shape. (Published with permission and informed consent of the patient).


Sagittal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging shows a 18 mm cerebellar tonsil herniation into the foramen magnum with accompanying syringomyelia between Th 4 and Th 7 with the largest thickness of 11 mm.


Sagittal T2-weighted MRI of the craniocervical junction showed complete resolution of 18 mm cerebellar tonsil herniation.


Sagittal T2-weighted thoracal MRI showed relative resolution of the accompanying syringomyelia between Th 4 and Th 7 with the largest thickness of 7 mm.


A dark-red nodule with extended purpura on the right femur with prominent lymph edema (a).


Irregularly anastomosing vascular channels lined by single layers of enlarged, atypical endothelial cells that existed between the collagen bundles (H&E staining) (b).


Immunohistochemical staining for case 1: IL-23.


Multiple dark-red nodules with extended purpura on the left femur with prominent lymph edema (a).


Irregularly anastomosing vascular channels lined by single layers of enlarged, atypical endothelial cells that existed between collagen bundles with prominent apoptotic cells (b).


Immunohistochemical staining for case 2: IL-23.


(a, b) Radiographs of the cervical and thoracic spine demonstrating fused vertebral bodies from C2 down to T6.


No instability was documented on flexion-extension studies, (c) Significant kyphosis at the higher thoracic spine.


(a-d) Pre-operative cranio-cervico-thoracic CT scan showing a mass in the posterior fossa behind the fourth ventricle and below the cerebellum extending down behind the spinal cord to the posterior thoracic vertebra to T1. In the posterior fossa, it obstructed the foramen of Magendie, thus resulting in secondary obstructive hydrocephalus. In addition, fusion of the cervical and thoracic vertebral bodies from C2 to T6, involving the anterior spinal column and posterior elements is seen.


(a-c) CT-angiography showing the vertebral arteries located anterior to the lesion in addition to a low-lying venous confluence.


Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging, T1WI sagittal.


T2WI sagittal.


Stir axial. Sections documenting an expansive midline lesion extending from the cranio-cervical junction down to T1. The dermal sinus tract, extending from the dermis to the suboccipital bone below the occipital protuberance is identified on T1WI and T2WI (arrow).


Intraoperative image of the dermoid cyst.


Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging, T1WI sagittal.


T2WI sagittal. Sections and T1WI axial.


Postoperative plain lateral cervicothoracic radiograph demonstrating no new-onset deformity at 6-year follow-up.


Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging, T2WI sagittal.


T2WI axial.


T1WI post-gadolinium axial sections demonstrating no recurrence at 6 years after surgery. Demonstrating no recurrence at 6-year follow-up.


General appearance.


Extraoral appearance.


Dilated vessels in eyes.


Intraoral frontal view.


Occlusal view.


Facial features.


Echocardiogram. Long axis view with aortic valve (large arrow) and severe supravalvular aortic stenosis with turbulent blood flows (small arrow).


Computerized tomography angiography. Severe supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) measuring 7mm above normal aortic valve (large arrow) and coronary origins.


Computerized tomography angiography. Hypoplastic aorta ascenders versus normal pulmonary artery size (large arrow).


Computerized tomography angiography with three-dimensional reconstruction. Anterior view with severe hypoplasia of ascending aorta (large arrow).


Computerized tomography angiography with three-dimensional reconstruction. Posterior view with arch hypoplasia without coarctation of the aorta with bovine type head and neck vessels branching pattern.


Magnetic resonance imaging abdomen showing absent uterus and vagina. Absent left kidney. Grade-I spondylolisthesis with bilateral spondylosis at L5-S1 level.


Magnetic resonance imaging abdomen - Visualization of gonads with features s/o of ovary at both para iliac region.


Karyotype study shows (46, XX) chromosome.


Computed tomography brain shows dandy walker malformation with vermian hypoplasia. Partial agenesis of corpus callosum and colpocephaly with obstructive hydrocephalus.


X - ray skull showing macrocephaly.


One of 21 focal stereotyped motor seizures captured during overnight video-EEG monitoring. The patient wakes up abruptly and presents with irregular hypermotor activity in all four limbs, which lasts for about 10 seconds.


Overnight video-EEG monitoring: one of the seizures arising from non-REM sleep (stage 2). K-complex is followed by fast rhythmic activity in the frontal regions lasting for 0,3-0,5 seconds, before EEG is obscured with myographic artifacts.


Videoflouroscophic examination confirms posterior extrensic compression of the barium column by osteophytes at the level of C6-7 and proximal dilatation of the esophagus.


Sagittal T2-w MRI showing compression on the esophagus caused by anterior osteophytes.


The length of styloid process was measured in the upper limits at the right side (25 mm) while it was elongated at the left side (34 mm).


Thyroid ultrasound. (A)
Case 1: transverse view of the right thyroid lobe with an ill-defined hypoechoic area (arrow).


Thyroid ultrasound. (B)
Case 1: longitudinal view of the right thyroid lobe with decreased blood flow within the hypoechoic areas on color-coded Doppler sonography.


Thyroid ultrasound. (C)
Case 2: transverse view of the right thyroid lobe with a distinct hypoechoic area (arrow).


Thyroid ultrasound. (D)
Case 2: transverse view of the right thyroid lobe with decreased blood flow within the hypoechoic area on color-coded Doppler sonography.


Evolution of UTC, salivary F and serum F during follow-up,
normalized by the upper limit normal range (ULNR).


MRI sequences during follow-up. (A) May/2007: coronal view on T 1-weighted MRI of
the pituitary gland identified a heterogeneous solid macroadenoma
(1.9x1.8 cm of diameter - arrow).


MRI sequences during follow-up. (B) August/2013: MRI after four years of
transsphenoidal surgery - questionable remnant tumor tissue or
arachnoid cyst (arrow).


The 7-month-old boy has persistent flail arm after constriction band release with Z-plasty at 3 months of age at an outside hospital. The arm had limb length discrepancy but did show evidence of tone to hand and forearm.


Dissection of the median and ulnar nerves revealed narrowing of the nerves in the compressed regions (yellow dashes) with preservation of caliber and vascularity distally. The brachial artery (left vessel loop) abruptly ended at the proximal end of the constricting band with no radial or ulnar artery identified.


Sural nerve was used to bridge the 5-cm defect in both the median and ulnar nerves with 9-0 nylon and Tisseel fibrin glue. Radial nerve exploration was not undertaken due to vascular threat to limb at this stage of operation.


Alopecia and hair loss identified in patient with CCS.


Hyperpigmentation of the hands and fingers are present in this case.


Onychodystrophy and atrophic nail change in patient with CCS.


Clinical photograph of the patient at birth.


Fundus image of the right eye at 57 days after birth. Note the wide avascular retina with markedly progressed tractional changes.


Brain magnetic resonance imaging performed on day 217. . A: Axial T1-weighted section showing enlargement of lateral ventricles with a frontal large cyst.


Brain magnetic resonance imaging performed on day 217. . B: Parasagittal T1-weighted section showing a distinct enlargement of lateral ventricle and global reduction of white matter volume.


Pedigree of the patient's family. Squares represent male family members, while circles represent female family members. The diamond symbol indicates unknown gender. Slash indicates that the family member is deceased. Black symbols represent individuals with ID/DD, and blank symbols represent unaffected family members. The gray filled symbols indicates balanced translocation carriers.


(a) Coronal view of the gadolinium-enhanced early postoperative brain magnetic resonance imaging. There is a small shell of tumor remnant (a: asterix) at the floor of the third ventricle abutting the hypothalamus.


Sagittal section of the left side of the sellar region showing that the pituitary stalk. Arrow), and . Gland. Asterix) have been well preserved.


Hand X-ray showing extensive soft tissue edema of the right hand.


Displaying the results of distribution fitting analysis. (A) Distribution fitting for positive increment of blood glucose values in Period 1, alpha-stable (1.1430, 1, 0.061, 0.4945) and Gaussian (0.2428, 0.2126).


Displaying the results of distribution fitting analysis. (B) Distribution fitting for absolute values of negative increment of blood glucose values in Period 1, alpha-stable (1.0852, 1, 0.0759, 0.6886) and Gaussian (0.2020, 0.2887).


Displaying the results of distribution fitting analysis. (C) Distribution fitting for positive increment of blood glucose values in Period 2, alpha-stable (1.1565, 1, 0.0338, 0.3126) and Gaussian (0.1668, 0.0966).


Displaying the results of distribution fitting analysis. (D) Distribution fitting for absolute values of negative increment of blood glucose values in Period 2, alpha-stable (1.1735, 1, 0.0352, 0.3112) and Gaussian (0.1752, 0.0989). EDF: empirical density function.


The complexity of glucose dynamics in Periods 1 and 2 for the integrative treatment. (A) The power spectral density.


The complexity of glucose dynamics in Periods 1 and 2 for the integrative treatment. (B) Multiscale entropy analysis (MSE).


The complexity of glucose dynamics in Periods 1 and 2 for the integrative treatment. (C) Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis: Q-order Hurst exponent.


The complexity of glucose dynamics in Periods 1 and 2 for the integrative treatment. (D) Multifractal spectrum analysis. The error bar (ie, standard deviation) in Panels B and C was given by bootstrapping all the ordered glucose time series that contain 95% of the original data.


Fundus photographs (Fundi) and FA. . Abbreviations: OD, oculus dexter; OS, oculus sinister; FA, fluorescein fundus angiograms.


Results of Goldmann-Weekers dark adaptometry. . Note: The thin line indicates the average +- standard deviation isopter of normal controls.


Horizontal section of CT abdomen showing splenic infarct.


Coronal section of CT abdomen showing splenic infarct.


Growth chart from birth to 2 years old (downloaded from https://www. cdc. gov/growthcharts/clinical_charts. htm).


T2-weighted axial MRI showing cerebral hemiatrophy on the right side of the brain at the level of the basal ganglia.


At the supraganglionic level.


MRI of the brain showing frontal sinus hypertrophy in an axial T2-weighted sequence (thick white arrow.


Along with calvarial thickening in an axial T1-weighted sequence (thick black arrow.


Crossed cerebellar hemiatrophy is evident on the left side in axial T2-weighted (thin white arrow.


Coronal T2-weighted images (thin black arrow.


Posterior view of distal forearm and hands shows increased uptake in the phalanges, distal ends of metacarpals, radius and ulna.


Anterior view of feet and lower limb on a Tc-99m MDP bone scan shows pericortical uptake in the distal ends of tibia and fibula. Prominent uptake in distal ends of 1st metatarsal and phalanges of both feet is also seen.


Posterior view of both lower limb and feet showing increased uptake at the distal ends of tibia and femur bilaterally with increased pericortical uptake at distal ends.


Whole body bone scan with normal chest anterior and posterior view and normal axial skeleton.


Tongue aspect at the first observation.


Tongue aspect after 2 weeks of treatment with fluconazole.


Follow up imaging after 2 months shows (a) resolution of hyperintensity in cervical cord on sagittal T2 weighted MRI.


However, the lung mass was clearly evident and increased in size on,. Coronal T2 short tau inversion recovery (STIR).


T1 fat suppression.


(d) STIR coronal view shows resolution of signal changes in the nerve roots. Figures e and f shows contrast enhancing rounded opacity in the apex of left lung on computed tomography of chest.


The tumor cells are pleomorphic, round to oval in shape having high nucleo cytoplasmic ratio, hyperchromatic nuclei inconspicuous nucleoli surrounded by moderate to abundant cytoplasm suggestive of squamous cell carcinoma.


There is the characteristic ST-segment elevation >=2 mm in >=1 right precordial lead (V1 to V3), followed by an r'-wave and a straight ST-segment. . Notes: Additionally, the descending ST-segment crosses the isoelectric line and is followed by a negative and symmetric T-wave. At 40 ms of high takeoff, the decrease in amplitude of ST is <=4 mm, the duration of QRS is longer than in a right bundle branch block and there is a mismatch between V1 and V6 (Figure 2). No high-pass filters were applied to attenuate low-frequency noise.


99mTc-sestamibi dual phase images showing a 4-gland parathyroid hyperplasia. . (a) Tracer uptake by the thyroid and parathyroid glands in the early phase image.


99mTc-sestamibi dual phase images showing a 4-gland parathyroid hyperplasia. . (b) Delated tracer washout from all the hyperplastic parathyroid glands (the arrows), in the late phase image.


Changes in Serum Calcium and PTH postoperatively. . Serum Ca: total serum calcium; Ca2: serum ionized calcium level; PTH: Parathyroid hormone.


Changes in Electrolytes (Phosphorus and Magnesium) Postoperatively.


Ultrasound appearance of the tumor.


Computed-tomography appearance of the tumor.


Histologic examination. Core needle biopsy of the tumor:. Magnification x200, hematoxylin-eosin staining:small-blue-round-cell tumor.


Histologic examination. Magnification x200, PAS:positive staining.


Histologic examination. Magnification x200, S100:positive staining.


Histologic examination. Magnification x200; CD99:positive staining.


Postoperative specimen:left lobe of the thyroid with the isthmus.


Vitiligo lesions. Depigmentation of eyebrows.


Vitiligo lesions. Hair.


Vitiligo lesions. Skin. Observed after 8 months of treatment with nivolumab. Depigmentation affected the whole skin but preferentially the chest.


Macroscopic and microscopic examination. Macroscopic examination.


Macroscopic and microscopic examination. : fibrosis alterations on upper pole of the kidney (arrow) Microscopic examination : fibrosis alterations with calcifications and without residual tumor cells. Stars indicate normal parenchyma.


Growth chart of the patient with cyclic Cushing's disease.


Body mass chart of the patient with cyclic Cushing's disease.


Pictures of the patient with cyclic Cushing's disease in symptomatic hypercortisolemia at the age 7 2/12 years, followed by remission at the age 7 8/12 years and in the relapse period at the age 8 6/12 years.


(a and b) Anterior planar image of I-123 thyroid uptake and scan demonstrating diffusely enlarged thyroid gland with homogeneous tracer uptake in both lobes of thyroid. 24-h uptake was measured at 63.6.


Case 1. Latest positron emission tomography scan showing complete metabolic resolution of the disease.


Case 2. Magnetic resonance image of the pituitary gland showing a mass lesion infiltrating the pituitary stalk.


Case 3. Magnetic resonance image of the pituitary gland before chemotherapy.


Case 3. Magnetic resonance image of the pituitary gland after chemotherapy showing an empty sella.


Case 4. Magnetic resonance image of the pituitary gland showing a pituitary stalk lesion.


Computerized tomographic scan of the thorax showed a large infiltrative anterior mediastinal mass measuring 5.4 cm x 5.9 cm x 3.8 cm at the anterior superior mediastinum, abutting into right heart margin (coronal view, A).


Multiple lung nodules (largest measuring 1.3 cm x 1.1 cm) and mediastinal lymphadenopathy were also noted (axial view, B).


Head computed tomography (CT). (A) Age 77 years.


Head computed tomography (CT). (B) Age 80 years. At 3-year follow-up (B) head CT shows selective hippocampal atrophy, but no frontal or temporal lobe lateral atrophy.


CT showing leukoaraiosis (periventricular hypodensity) suggestive of
Binswanger's disease.


Plain X-ray taken at the time of injury reveals a fracture of the proximal third of the ulna and anterior dislocation of the proximal end of the radius.


Photograph indicating limited extension and flexion.


(a) Anterior dislocation of the radial head surrounded by ossification.


(b) Plastic deformation of the ulna.


Fluoroscopic image obtained post-ulnar osteotomy. Reduction of the radial head was not achieved.


Scart issue surrounding the radial head (arrow). Reduction of the radial head was achieved on removing the scart issue.


(a and b) post-operative plain X-rays (lateral [above] and frontal view [below] views) showing reduction of the radial head dislocation on the day after angle correction to 20 byexternal fixation. The radius was lengthened by 7 mm.


The annular ligament was reconstructed using the restored triceps muscle fascia(arrow).


A 7-year-old boy with microphthalmia, microcornea, prominent root of the nose.


Low set posteriorly placed ears.


With micropenis, cryptorchidism.


With syndactyly of the 2nd-3rd toe.


Magnetic resonance imaging of brain shows hypoplasia of corpus callosum.


Right ventriculomegaly and frontal pachygyria.


Diffuse hair loss on the frontal scalp and vertex of the scalp with decreased thickness of temporal and occipital hair.


Elongated styloid process (SP) on both sides with suspected fracture of left SP.


Undisplaced fracture of left styloid process.


Normal looking bladder on videourodynamic study.


Wounds after bilateral S3 neurostimulator implantation.


Transcutaneous remote control of current intensity of the S3 neurostimulators.


Haematoxylin and eosin staining with identification of oedema of the dermis and inflammatory infiltrate at 100x.


Haematoxylin and eosin staining for identification of inflammatory infiltrate of the dermis, rich in polymorphonuclear neutrophils, 400x.


Preoperative electrocardiography of the patient.


Atrial fibrillation on the third postoperative day (fever and infection).


Magnetic resonance imaging of brain showing isointense sellar lesion with enhancement of pituitary stalk.


Magnetic resonance imaging of brain showing uniform enhancement of sellar lesion in contrary to ring enhancement seen in tuberculoma.


Head magnetic resonance imaging after onset. A: Diffusion-weighted image (DWI) showing a high-intensity area extending from the basal ganglia to the corona radiata of the left cerebrum and multiple small high-intensity areas at bilateral cerebral cortices.


Head magnetic resonance imaging after onset. B: Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery showing several small high-intensity areas in the same locations detected on DWI (arrowheads).


Head magnetic resonance imaging after onset. C: Magnetic resonance angiography demonstrating no steno-occlusive changes.


Head computed tomography (CT) scans after thrombolysis. A: CT scan right after the neurological deterioration showing a subcortical hemorrhage in the left occipital lobe.


Head computed tomography (CT) scans after thrombolysis. B: Repeat CT scan the day after onset showing enlargement of the left occipital hemorrhage and two subcortical hemorrhages in the right frontal and right temporal lobes.


(a) Eight years before surgical excision (17 x 12 x 14 mm).


(b) Four years before surgical excision (28 x 18 x 30 mm).


(c) Preoperative (60 x 20 x 35 mm).


(a) Preoperative appearance.


(b) The excised mass with indurated subcutaneous fat.


(a,b) The subcutaneous tissue was degenerated broadly (Haematoxylin and eosin staining).


(c) Extensive amyloid deposition in the subcutaneous tissue (arrow) (Congo red staining).


(d) No evidence of vascular involvement (arrow: subcutaneous artery without amyloid deposition) (Congo red staining).


Timeline in days of clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, procedures and treatment of PP and MD.


Axial MRI, preoperative. (A) Anterior sacral meningocele.


Axial MRI, preoperative. (B) Teratoma.


Sagittal MRI, postoperative.


CT angiography axial section image at cervical spine (C1) shows occluded dissected internal carotid artery on the right side (black arrow) in comparison to the patent internal carotid artery on the left (white arrow).


Computed tomography scans taken during the adrenal/venous phase (60 seconds after contrast injection). A well-defined, enhancing hypodense focus measuring 4.7 x 4.1 x 4.8 cm is seen in the left suprarenal region.


Computed tomography scans taken during the adrenal/venous phase (60 seconds after contrast injection). A well-defined, enhancing hypodense focus measuring 4.7 x 4.1 x 4.8 cm is seen in the left suprarenal region. Axial view. Coronal view.


Gross appearance of the left adrenalectomy specimen. (A) The specimen weighed 62 grams and measured 7.0 x 6.4 x 4.3 cm, brown tan to gray and partially covered with fibrofatty tags.


Gross appearance of the left adrenalectomy specimen. (B) Serial sections of the specimen showed a well-defined mass measuring 6.0 cm in its widest diameter with pink-tan to yellow soft cut surface and hemorrhagic areas.


Multiple irregular, grouped skin colored papules and plaques arranged in a zosteriform pattern along the right thoracic (T1) segment.


Contrast enhanced computed tomography chest showing miliary nodules along with subpleural involvement with interlobular peribroncho-vascular thickening and interspersed areas of consolidation.


The gallstone causes cholecystoduodenal fistula.


Repeated windows of a house.


Repetitive flowers.


Repetitive triangles.


Repeated peculiar characters.


Tumor is composed of small, round cells with inconspicuous nucleoli and scanty cytoplasm, which are arranged in sheets or solid nests (Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, X400).


Tumor displays a diffusely infiltrative growth pattern. Rare residual breast ducts are also seen (Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, X100).


On immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells show strong membranous staining for CD99 (CD99, X400).


(A) Photograph of a 70-year-old female with diffuse swelling of the left lower eyelid.


Computed tomographic scans,. Axial.


Coronal, showed no evidence of a mass lesion or soft tissue infiltration.


Chest radiograph shows multiple confluent irregular opacities (arrow) in right upper lobe. There are no remarkable findings in hilar region with shadow of aortic arch (arrowhead).


(A) There are multifocal granulomas with lymphocytic infiltration in the fat (H&E, x40).


(B) High magnification view shows a well-formed, non-caseating granuloma composed of epithelioid histiocytes with surrounding lymphocytes (H&E, x400).


(A) The patient showed significant improvement of the left lower lid swelling after surgery.


(B) Left lower lid swelling was completely resolved after low dose steroid treatment.


Sinus tachycardia, incomplete right bundle branch block with minimal ST elevation in V1 and V2 (standard position); QT/QTc = 344/483.


Sinus tachycardia, first degree AV block, incomplete right bundle branch block with ST elevation in V1 and V2 (standard position) consistent with Brugada Pattern Type I.


Sinus tachycardia with Type III Brugada pattern characterized by <2mm ST elevation in V1 and V2 (standard position); QT/QTc = 294/473.


Fusiform dilatation of the trachea.


Tracheal dilatation and tracheomalacia with dynamic collapse during cough or forced expiration.


Tracheomegaly with an internal diameter of 46.32 mm.


Novel TREX1 mutations and elevated type I IFN were found in the patient. New mutations of c.137 (exon2)_c.138 (exon2) insC.


Novel TREX1 mutations and elevated type I IFN were found in the patient. C.292 (exon2)_c.293 (exon2) insA. In TREX1 gene of the patient were detected by Trio-based whole-exome sequencing.


A 72-year-old female patient with a symptomatic carotid stenosis. Ultrasound examination showed: (a and b) Soft-tissue mass, vascularized, with sonographic findings suggestive of thyroid tissue, located just above the geniohyoid muscle in the sublingual and suprahyoid space.


A 72-year-old female patient with a symptomatic carotid stenosis. (c) With convex-array scanner, in more cranial and posterior position, at the level of the tongue base, there is a hypoechoic oval mass indicate a lingual thyroid.


Interictal electroencephalogram during sleep showing quasi-continuous, centro-temporal, and high voltage spike-and-wave complexes, frequently followed by theta-delta activity.


Images from intraoperative phlebography of the suprahepatic vein followed by balloon angioplasty in the first intervention. In (A), phlebography demonstrating hepatic vein stasis, caused by stenosis of the suprahepatic vein outflow.


Images from intraoperative phlebography of the suprahepatic vein followed by balloon angioplasty in the first intervention. In (B), pre-dilation with an 8 mm balloon. Observe the stenosis induced in the balloon.


Images from intraoperative phlebography of the suprahepatic vein followed by balloon angioplasty in the first intervention. In (C), dilation with a 12 mm balloon. Observe the reduced stenosis induced in the balloon.


Images from intraoperative phlebography of the suprahepatic vein followed by balloon angioplasty in the first intervention. In (D), control phlebography demonstrating considerable improvement in outflow.


Intraoperative phlebography images of the suprahepatic vein followed by balloon angioplasty in the second intervention. In (A), phlebography demonstrating hepatic vein stasis, caused by stenosis of the suprahepatic vein outflow.


Intraoperative phlebography images of the suprahepatic vein followed by balloon angioplasty in the second intervention. In (B), pre-dilation with a 10 mm balloon. Observe the stenosis induced in the balloon.


Intraoperative phlebography images of the suprahepatic vein followed by balloon angioplasty in the second intervention. In (C), dilation with a 14mm balloon.


Intraoperative phlebography images of the suprahepatic vein followed by balloon angioplasty in the second intervention. In (D), control phlebography demonstrating considerable improvement in outflow.


(a) Silvery gray hair on the scalp and mottled pigmentation present over the face.


(b) Silvery gray hair on the scalp.


(c) Mottled pigmentation present over both upper and lower limbs.


(d) Mottled pigmentation closer view.


Light microscopy at x40 magnification showing large regular clumps of melanin in the hair shaft.


Polarized microscopy showing bright shaft with different individual colors.


Gray hair present on scalp.


Light microscopy at x40 magnification showing large irregular melanin granules.