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+
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+
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+   Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
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+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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+

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/NOTICE.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Apache Commons IO
+Copyright 2002-2016 The Apache Software Foundation
+
+This product includes software developed at
+The Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/).

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/PROPOSAL.html

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
+<!--
+   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>Proposal for IO Package</title>
+</head>
+ <body bgcolor="white">
+  
+<div align="center"> 
+<h1>Proposal for <em>IO</em> Package</h1>
+ </div>
+  
+<h3>(0) Rationale</h3>
+  
+<p>Many software projects have a need to perform I/O in various ways, and
+the JDK class libraries provide a lot of functionality, but sometimes you
+need just a little bit more.  The io package seeks to  encapsulate some of
+the most popular i/o base classes into one easy to  use package.</p>
+   
+<h3>(1) Scope of the Package</h3>
+  
+<p>This proposal is to create a package of Java utility classes for  various
+types of i/o related activity.</p>
+   
+<h3>(1.5) Interaction With Other Packages</h3>
+  
+<p><em>IO</em> relies only on standard JDK 1.2 (or later) APIs for production
+deployment.  It utilizes the JUnit unit testing framework for developing
+and executing unit tests, but this is of interest only to developers of the
+component.  IO will be a dependency for several existing components in the
+open source world.</p>
+  
+<p>No external configuration files are utilized.</p>
+   
+<h3>(2) Initial Source of the Package</h3>
+  
+<p>The original Java classes are splashed around various Apache  subprojects.
+ We intend to seek them out and integrate them.</p>
+  
+<p>The proposed package name for the new component is <code>org.apache.commons.io</code>.</p>
+   
+<h3>(3)  Required Jakarta-Commons Resources</h3>
+  
+<ul>
+ <li>CVS Repository - New directory <code>io</code> in the     <code>jakarta-commons</code>
+CVS repository.</li>
+ <li>Mailing List - Discussions will take place on the general     <em>dev@commons.apache.org</em>
+mailing list.  To help     list subscribers identify messages of interest,
+it is suggested that     the message subject of messages about this component
+be prefixed with     [IO].</li>
+ <li>Bugzilla - New component "IO" under the "Commons" product     category,
+with appropriate version identifiers as needed.</li>
+ <li>Jyve FAQ - New category "commons-io" (when available).</li>
+ 
+</ul>
+   
+<h3>(4) Initial Committers</h3>
+  
+<p>The initial committers on the IO component shall be Scott Sanders and
+Nicola Ken Barozzi and Henri Yandell</p>
+    <br>
+</body>
+</html>

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/RELEASE-NOTES.txt

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+
+Apache Commons IO 
+Version 2.5
+Release Notes
+
+INTRODUCTION:
+
+Commons IO is a package of Java utility classes like java.io.  
+Classes in this package are considered to be so standard and of such high 
+reuse as to justify existence in java.io.
+
+The Apache Commons IO library contains utility classes, stream implementations, file filters, 
+file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 2.5
+==============================================================================
+New features and bug fixes.
+
+Changes in this version include:
+
+New features:
+o IO-487:  Add ValidatingObjectInputStream for controlled deserialization 
+o IO-471:  Support for additional encodings in ReversedLinesFileReader Thanks to Leandro Reis. 
+o IO-425:  Setter method for threshold on ThresholdingOutputStream Thanks to Craig Swank. 
+o IO-406:  Introduce new class AppendableOutputStream Thanks to Niall Pemberton. 
+o IO-459:  Add WindowsLineEndingInputStream and UnixLineEndingInputStream. Thanks to Kristian Rosenvold. 
+o IO-457:  Add a BoundedReader, a wrapper that can be used to constrain access
+        to an underlying stream when used with mark/reset -
+        to avoid overflowing the mark limit of the underlying buffer. Thanks to Kristian Rosenvold. 
+o IO-426:  Add API IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable...) 
+o IO-410:  Readfully() That Returns A Byte Array Thanks to Beluga Behr. 
+o IO-395:  Overload IOUtils buffer methods to accept buffer size Thanks to Beluga Behr. 
+o IO-382:  Chunked IO for large arrays.
+         Added writeChunked(byte[], OutputStream) and writeChunked(char[] Writer)
+         Added ChunkedOutputStream, ChunkedWriter 
+o IO-233:  Add Methods for Buffering Streams/Writers To IOUtils
+         Added overloaded buffer() methods - see also IO-330 
+o IO-330:  IOUtils#toBufferedOutputStream/toBufferedWriter to conditionally wrap the output
+         Added overloaded buffer() methods - see also IO-233 
+o IO-381:  Add FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile API with option to leave the source open.
+        See copyInputStreamToFile(final InputStream source, final File destination, boolean closeSource) 
+o IO-379:  CharSequenceInputStream - add tests for available()
+         Fix code so it really does reflect a minimum available. 
+o IO-346:  Add ByteArrayOutputStream.toInputStream() 
+o IO-341:  A constant for holding the BOM character (U+FEFF) 
+o IO-361:  Add API FileUtils.forceMkdirsParent(). 
+o IO-360:  Add API Charsets.requiredCharsets(). 
+o IO-359:  Add IOUtils.skip and skipFully(ReadableByteChannel, long). Thanks to yukoba. 
+o IO-358:  Add IOUtils.read and readFully(ReadableByteChannel, ByteBuffer buffer). Thanks to yukoba. 
+o IO-353:  Add API IOUtils.copy(InputStream, OutputStream, int) Thanks to ggregory. 
+o IO-349:  Add API with array offset and length argument to FileUtils.writeByteArrayToFile. Thanks to scop. 
+o IO-348:  Missing information in IllegalArgumentException thrown by org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils#validateListFilesParameters. Thanks to plcstpierre. 
+o IO-345:  Supply a hook method allowing Tailer actively determining stop condition. Thanks to mkresse. 
+o IO-437:  Make IOUtils.EOF public and reuse it in various classes. 
+
+Fixed Bugs:
+o IO-446:  adds an endOfFileReached method to the TailerListener Thanks to Jeffrey Barrus. 
+o IO-484:  FilenameUtils should handle embedded null bytes Thanks to Philippe Arteau. 
+o IO-481:  Changed/Corrected algorithm for waitFor 
+o IO-428:  BOMInputStream.skip returns wrong count if stream contains no BOM Thanks to Stefan Gmeiner. 
+o IO-488:  FileUtils.waitFor(...) swallows thread interrupted status Thanks to Bj�rn Buchner. 
+o IO-452:  Support for symlinks with missing target. Added support for JDK7 symlink features when present Thanks to David Standish. 
+o IO-453:  Regression in FileUtils.readFileToString from 2.0.1 Thanks to Steven Christou. 
+o IO-451:  ant test fails - resources missing from test classpath Thanks to David Standish. 
+o IO-435:  Document that FileUtils.deleteDirectory, directoryContains and cleanDirectory
+         may throw an IllegalArgumentException in case the passed directory does not
+         exist or is not a directory. Thanks to Dominik Stadler. 
+o IO-424:  Javadoc fixes, mostly to appease 1.8.0 Thanks to Ville Skytt�. 
+o IO-389:  FileUtils.sizeOfDirectory can throw IllegalArgumentException Thanks to Austin Doupnik. 
+o IO-390:  FileUtils.sizeOfDirectoryAsBigInteger can overflow.
+         Ensure that recursive calls all use BigInteger 
+o IO-385:  FileUtils.doCopyFile can potentially loop for ever
+         Exit loop if no data to copy 
+o IO-383:  FileUtils.doCopyFile caches the file size; needs to be documented
+         Added Javadoc; show file lengths in exception message 
+o IO-380:  FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile should document it closes the input source Thanks to claudio_ch. 
+o IO-279:  Tailer erroneously considers file as new.
+        Fix to use file.lastModified() rather than System.currentTimeMillis() 
+o IO-356:  CharSequenceInputStream#reset() behaves incorrectly in case when buffer size is not dividable by data size.
+         Fix code so skip relates to the encoded bytes; reset now re-encodes the data up to the point of the mark 
+o IO-368:  ClassLoaderObjectInputStream does not handle primitive typed members 
+o IO-314:  Deprecate all methods that use the default encoding 
+o IO-338:  When a file is rotated, finish reading previous file prior to starting new one 
+o IO-354:  Commons IO Tailer does not respect UTF-8 Charset. 
+o IO-323:  What should happen in FileUtils.sizeOf[Directory] when an overflow takes place?
+        Added Javadoc. 
+o IO-372:  FileUtils.moveDirectory can produce misleading error message on failiure 
+o IO-362:  IOUtils.contentEquals* methods returns false if input1 == input2, should return true. Thanks to mmadson, ggregory. 
+o IO-357:  [Tailer] InterruptedException while the thread is sleeping is silently ignored Thanks to mortenh. 
+o IO-352:  Spelling fixes. Thanks to scop. 
+o IO-436:  Improper JavaDoc comment for FilenameUtils.indexOfExtension. Thanks to christoph.schneegans. 
+
+Changes:
+o IO-433:  Converted all testcases to JUnit 4 
+o IO-466:  Added testcase to show this was fixed with IO-423 
+o IO-479:  Correct exception message in FileUtils.getFile(File, String...) Thanks to Zhouce Chen. 
+o IO-465:  Update to JUnit 4.12 Thanks to based2. 
+o IO-462:  IOExceptionWithCause no longer needed 
+o IO-422:  Deprecate Charsets Charset constants in favor of Java 7's java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets 
+o IO-239:  Convert IOCase to a Java 1.5+ Enumeration
+         [N.B. this is binary compatible] 
+o IO-328:  getPrefixLength returns null if filename has leading slashes
+        Javadoc: add examples to show correct behaviour; add unit tests 
+o IO-299:  FileUtils.listFilesAndDirs includes original dir in results even when it doesn't match filter
+        Javadoc: clarify that original dir is included in the results 
+o IO-375:  FilenameUtils.splitOnTokens(String text) check for '**' could be simplified 
+o IO-374:  WildcardFileFilter ctors should not use null to mean IOCase.SENSITIVE when delegating to other ctors 
+
+Compatibility with 2.4:
+Binary compatible: Yes.
+Source compatible: Yes.
+Semantic compatible: Yes.
+
+Compatibility with 2.2 and 1.4:
+Binary compatible: Yes.
+Source compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+Semantic compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+
+Commons IO 2.5 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.4 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.3 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.2 requires JDK 1.5 or later.
+Commons IO 1.4 requires JDK 1.3 or later.
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 2.4
+==============================================================================
+
+Changes in this version include:
+
+New features:
+o IO-269:  Tailer locks file from deletion/rename on Windows. Thanks to
+sebb.
+o IO-333:  Export OSGi packages at version 1.x in addition to 2.x. Thanks
+to fmeschbe.
+o IO-320:  Add XmlStreamReader support for UTF-32. Thanks to ggregory.
+o IO-331:  BOMInputStream wrongly detects UTF-32LE_BOM files as
+UTF-16LE_BOM files in method getBOM(). Thanks to ggregory.
+o IO-327:  Add byteCountToDisplaySize(BigInteger). Thanks to ggregory.
+o IO-326:  Add new FileUtils.sizeOf[Directory] APIs to return BigInteger.
+Thanks to ggregory.
+o IO-325:  Add IOUtils.toByteArray methods to work with URL and URI. Thanks
+to raviprak.
+o IO-324:  Add missing Charset sister APIs to method that take a String
+charset name. Thanks to raviprak.
+
+Fixed Bugs:
+o IO-336:  Yottabyte (YB) incorrectly defined in FileUtils. Thanks to
+rleavelle.
+o IO-279:  Tailer erroneously considers file as new. Thanks to Sergio
+Bossa, Chris Baron.
+o IO-335:  Tailer#readLines - incorrect CR handling.
+o IO-334:  FileUtils.toURLs throws NPE for null parameter; document the
+behavior.
+o IO-332:  Improve tailer's reading performance. Thanks to liangly.
+o IO-279:  Improve Tailer performance with buffered reads (see IO-332).
+o IO-329:  FileUtils.writeLines uses unbuffered IO. Thanks to tivv.
+o IO-319:  FileUtils.sizeOfDirectory follows symbolic links. Thanks to
+raviprak.
+
+
+Compatibility with 2.3:
+Binary compatible: Yes.
+Source compatible: Yes.
+Semantic compatible: Yes.
+
+Compatibility with 2.2 and 1.4:
+Binary compatible: Yes.
+Source compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+Semantic compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+
+Commons IO 2.4 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.3 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.2 requires JDK 1.5 or later.
+Commons IO 1.4 requires JDK 1.3 or later.
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 2.3
+==============================================================================
+
+Changes in this version include:
+
+New features:
+o IO-322:  Add and use class Charsets. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o IO-321:  ByteOrderMark UTF_32LE is incorrect. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o IO-318:  Add Charset sister APIs to method that take a String charset name. Thanks to ggregory. 
+
+Compatibility with 2.2 and 1.4:
+Binary compatible: Yes.
+Source compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+Semantic compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+
+Commons IO 2.3 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.2 requires JDK 1.5 or later.
+Commons IO 1.4 requires JDK 1.3 or later.
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 2.2
+==============================================================================
+
+Changes in this version include:
+
+New features:
+o Add IOUTils.toBufferedReader(Reader)  Issue: IO-313. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o Allow applications to provide buffer (or size) for copyLarge methods.  Issue: IO-308. Thanks to Manoj Mokashi. 
+o New copyLarge() method in IOUtils that takes additional offset, length arguments  Issue: IO-305. Thanks to Manoj Mokashi. 
+o Use terabyte (TB), petabyte (PB) and exabyte (EB) in FileUtils.byteCountToDisplaySize(long size)  Issue: IO-287. Thanks to Ron Kuris, Gary Gregory. 
+o FileUtils.listFiles() doesn't return directories  Issue: IO-173. Thanks to Marcos Vin�cius da Silva. 
+o CharSequenceInputStream to efficiently stream content of a CharSequence  Issue: IO-297. Thanks to Oleg Kalnichevski. 
+o The second constructor of Tailer class does not pass 'delay' to the third one  Issue: IO-304. Thanks to liangly. 
+o TeeOutputStream does not call branch.close() when main.close() throws an exception  Issue: IO-303. Thanks to fabian.barney. 
+o ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException in BOMInputStream when reading a file without BOM multiple times  Issue: IO-302. Thanks to jsteuerwald, detinho. 
+o Add IOUtils.closeQuietly(Selector) necessary  Issue: IO-301. Thanks to kaykay.unique. 
+o IOUtils.closeQuietly() should take a ServerSocket as a parameter  Issue: IO-292. Thanks to sebb. 
+o Add read/readFully methods to IOUtils  Issue: IO-290. Thanks to sebb. 
+o Supply a ReversedLinesFileReader  Issue: IO-288. Thanks to Georg Henzler. 
+o Add new function FileUtils.directoryContains.  Issue: IO-291. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o FileUtils.contentEquals and IOUtils.contentEquals - Add option to ignore "line endings"
+        Added contentEqualsIgnoreEOL methods to both classes  Issue: IO-275. Thanks to CJ Aspromgos. 
+
+Fixed Bugs:
+o IOUtils.read(InputStream/Reader) ignores the offset parameter  Issue: IO-311. Thanks to Robert Muir. 
+o CharSequenceInputStream(CharSequence s, Charset charset, int bufferSize) ignores bufferSize  Issue: IO-312. 
+o FileUtils.moveDirectoryToDirectory removes source directory if destination is a subdirectory  Issue: IO-300. 
+o ReaderInputStream#read(byte[] b, int off, int len) should check for valid parameters  Issue: IO-307. 
+o ReaderInputStream#read(byte[] b, int off, int len) should always return 0 for length == 0  Issue: IO-306. 
+o "FileUtils#deleteDirectoryOnExit(File)" does not work  Issue: IO-276. Thanks to nkami. 
+o BoundedInputStream.read() treats max differently from BoundedInputStream.read(byte[]...)  Issue: IO-273. Thanks to sebb. 
+o Various methods of class 'org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils' incorrectly suppress 'java.io.IOException'  Issue: IO-298. Thanks to Christian Schulte. 
+
+Changes:
+o ReaderInputStream optimization: more efficient reading of small chunks of data  Issue: IO-296. Thanks to Oleg Kalnichevski. 
+
+
+Compatibility with 2.1 and 1.4:
+Binary compatible: Yes
+Source compatible: Yes
+Semantic compatible: Yes. Check the bug fixes section for semantic bug fixes
+
+Commons IO 2.2 requires a minimum of JDK 1.5. 
+Commons IO 1.4 requires a minimum of JDK 1.3. 
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 2.1
+==============================================================================
+
+New features:
+o Use standard Maven directory layout  Issue: IO-285. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o Add IOUtils API toString for URL and URI to get contents  Issue: IO-284. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o Add API FileUtils.copyFile(File input, OutputStream output)  Issue: IO-282. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o FileAlterationObserver has no getter for FileFilter  Issue: IO-262. 
+o Add FileUtils.getFile API with varargs parameter  Issue: IO-261. 
+o Add new APPEND parameter for writing string into files  Issue: IO-182. 
+o Add new read method "toByteArray" to handle InputStream with known size.  Issue: IO-251. Thanks to Marco Albini. 
+
+Fixed Bugs:
+o Dubious use of mkdirs() return code  Issue: IO-280. Thanks to sebb. 
+o ReaderInputStream enters infinite loop when it encounters an unmappable character  Issue: IO-277. 
+o FileUtils.moveFile() JavaDoc should specify FileExistsException thrown  Issue: IO-264. 
+o ClassLoaderObjectInputStream does not handle Proxy classes  Issue: IO-260. 
+o Tailer returning partial lines when reaching EOF before EOL  Issue: IO-274. Thanks to Frank Grimes. 
+o FileUtils.copyFile() throws IOException when copying large files to a shared directory (on Windows)  Issue: IO-266. Thanks to Igor Smereka. 
+o FileSystemUtils.freeSpaceKb throws exception for Windows volumes with no visible files.
+        Improve coverage by also looking for hidden files.  Issue: IO-263. Thanks to Gil Adam. 
+
+Changes:
+o FileAlterationMonitor.stop(boolean allowIntervalToFinish)  Issue: IO-259. 
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Package 2.0.1
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 2.0 and 1.4
+------------------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+  Check the bug fixes section for semantic bug fixes
+
+Commons IO 2.0.1 requires a minimum of JDK 1.5
+ (Commons IO 1.4 had a minimum of JDK 1.3) 
+
+Enhancements from 2.0
+---------------------
+
+   * [IO-256] - Provide thread factory for FileAlternationMonitor
+
+Bug fixes from 2.0
+------------------
+
+   * [IO-257] - BOMInputStream.read(byte[]) can return 0 which it should not
+   * [IO-258] - XmlStreamReader consumes the stream during encoding detection
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Package 2.0
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.4
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+  Check the bug fixes section for semantic bug fixes
+
+Commons IO 2.0 requires a minimum of JDK 1.5
+ (Commons IO 1.4 had a minimum of JDK 1.3) 
+
+Deprecations from 1.4
+---------------------
+
+- IOUtils
+  - write(StringBuffer, Writer) in favour of write(CharSequence, Writer)
+  - write(StringBuffer, OutputStream)  in favour of write(CharSequence, OutputStream)
+  - write(StringBuffer, OutputStream, String) in favour of write(CharSequence, OutputStream, String)
+
+- FileFilterUtils
+  - andFileFilter(IOFileFilter, IOFileFilter) in favour of and(IOFileFilter...) 
+  - orFileFilter(IOFileFilter, IOFileFilter)  in favour of or(IOFileFilter...)
+
+Enhancements from 1.4
+---------------------
+
+  * [IO-140] Move minimum Java requirement from JDK 1.3 to JDK 1.5
+             - use Generics
+             - add new CharSequence write() flavour methods to IOUtils and FileUtils
+             - replace StringBuffer with StringBuilder, where appropriate
+             - add new Reader/Writer methods to ProxyReader and ProxyWriter
+             - Annotate with @Override and @Deprecated
+
+  * [IO-178] New BOMInputStream and ByteOrderMark implementations - to detect and optionally exclude an initial Byte Order mark (BOM)
+  * [IO-197] New BoundedInputStream (copied from from Apache JackRabbit)
+  * [IO-193] New Broken Input and Output streams
+  * [IO-132] New File Listener/Monitor facility
+  * [IO-158] New ReaderInputStream and WriterOutputStream implementations
+  * [IO-139] New StringBuilder Writer implementation
+  * [IO-192] New Tagged Input and Output streams
+  * [IO-177] New Tailer class - simple implementation of the Unix "tail -f" functionality
+  * [IO-162] New XML Stream Reader/Writer implementations (from ROME via plexus-utils)
+
+  * [IO-142] Comparators - add facility to sort file lists/arrays
+  * [IO-186] Comparators - new Composite and Directory File Comparator implementations
+  * [IO-176] DirectoryWalker - add filterDirectoryContents() callback method for filtering directory contents
+  * [IO-210] FileFilter - new Magic Number FileFilter
+  * [IO-221] FileFilterUtils - add methods for suffix and prefix filters which take an IOCase object
+  * [IO-232] FileFilterUtils - add method for name filters which take an IOCase object
+  * [IO-229] FileFilterUtils - add varargs and() and or() methods
+  * [IO-198] FileFilterUtils - add ability to apply file filters to collections and arrays
+  * [IO-156] FilenameUtils - add normalize() and normalizeNoEndSeparator() methods which allow the separator character to be specified
+  * [IO-194] FileSystemUtils - add freeSpaceKb() method with no input arguments
+  * [IO-185] FileSystemUtils - add freeSpaceKb() methods that take a timeout parameter - fixes freeSpaceWindows() blocks
+  * [IO-155] FileUtils - use NIO to copy files
+  * [IO-168] FileUtils - add new isSymlink() method
+  * [IO-219] FileUtils - throw FileExistsException when moving a file or directory if the destination already exists
+  * [IO-234] FileUtils - add Methods for retrieving System User/Temp directories/paths
+  * [IO-208] FileUtils - add timeout (connection and read) support for copyURLToFile() method 
+  * [IO-238] FileUtils - add sizeOf(File) method
+  * [IO-181] LineIterator now implements Iterable
+  * [IO-224] IOUtils - add closeQuietly(Closeable) and closeQuietly(Socket) methods
+  * [IO-203] IOUtils - add skipFully() method for InputStreams
+  * [IO-137] IOUtils and ByteArrayOutputStream - add toBufferedInputStream() method to avoid unnecessary array allocation/copy
+  * [IO-195] Proxy streams/Reader/Writer - provide exception handling methods
+  * [IO-211] Proxy Input/Output streams - add pre/post processing support
+  * [IO-242] Proxy Reader/Writer - add pre/post processing support
+
+Bug fixes from 1.4
+------------------
+  * [IO-214] ByteArrayOutputStream - fix inconsistent synchronization of fields
+  * [IO-201] Counting Input/Output streams - fix inconsistent synchronization
+  * [IO-159] FileCleaningTracker - fix remove() never returns null
+  * [IO-220] FileCleaningTracker - fix Vector performs badly under load
+  * [IO-167] FilenameUtils - fix case-insensitive string handling in FilenameUtils and FilesystemUtils
+  * [IO-179] FilenameUtils - fix StringIndexOutOfBounds exception in getPathNoEndSeparator()
+  * [IO-248] FilenameUtils - fix getFullPathNoEndSeparator() returns empty while path is a one level directory
+  * [IO-246] FilenameUtils - fix wildcardMatch gives incorrect results 
+  * [IO-187] FileSystemUtils - fix freeSpaceKb() doesn't work with relative paths on Linux
+  * [IO-160] FileSystemUtils - fix freeSpace() fails on solaris
+  * [IO-209] FileSystemUtils - fix freeSpaceKb() fails to return correct size for a windows mount point
+  * [IO-163] FileUtils - fix toURLs() using deprecated method of conversion to URL
+  * [IO-168] FileUtils - fix Symbolic links followed when deleting directory
+  * [IO-231] FileUtils - fix wrong exception message generated in isFileNewer() method
+  * [IO-207] FileUtils - fix race condition in forceMkdir() method
+  * [IO-217] FileUtils - fix copyDirectoryToDirectory() makes infinite loops
+  * [IO-166] FileUtils - fix URL decoding in toFile(URL)
+  * [IO-190] FileUtils - fix copyDirectory not preserving lastmodified date on sub-directories
+  * [IO-240] FileFilterUtils - ensure cvsFilter and svnFilter are only created once.
+  * [IO-175] IOUtils - fix copyFile() issues with very large files
+  * [IO-191] Improvements from static analysis
+  * [IO-216] LockableFileWriter - delete files quietly when an exception is thrown during initialization
+  * [IO-243] SwappedDataInputStream - fix readBoolean is inverted
+  * [IO-235] Tests - remove unused YellOnFlushAndCloseOutputStream from CopyUtilsTest
+  * [IO-161] Tests - fix FileCleaningTrackerTestCase hanging
+
+Documentation changes from 1.4
+------------------------------
+  * [IO-183 FilenameUtils.getExtension() method documentation improvements
+  * [IO-226 FileUtils.byteCountToDisplaySize() documentation corrections
+  * [IO-205 FileUtils.forceMkdir() documentation improvements
+  * [IO-215 FileUtils copy file/directory improve documentation regarding preserving the last modified date
+  * [IO-189 HexDump.dump() method documentation improvements
+  * [IO-171 IOCase document that it assumes there are only two OSes: Windows and Unix
+  * [IO-223 IOUtils.copy() documentation corrections
+  * [IO-247 IOUtils.closeQuietly() improve documentation with examples
+  * [IO-202 NotFileFilter documentation corrections
+  * [IO-206 ProxyInputStream - fix misleading parameter names
+  * [IO-212 ProxyInputStream.skip() documentation corrections
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.4
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.3.2
+------------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+  Check the bug fixes section for semantic bug fixes
+
+Commons IO 1.4 introduces four new implementations which depend on JDK 1.4 features
+(CharSequenceReader, FileWriterWithEncoding, IOExceptionWithCause and RegexFileFilter).
+It has been built with the JDK source and target options set to JDK 1.3 and, except for
+those implementations, can be used with JDK 1.3 (see IO IO-127).
+
+Deprecations from 1.3.2
+-----------------------
+- FileCleaner deprecated in favour of FileCleaningTracker [see IO-116]
+
+Bug fixes from 1.3.2
+--------------------
+- FileUtils
+  - forceDelete of orphaned Softlinks does not work [IO-147]
+  - Infinite loop on FileUtils.copyDirectory when the destination directory is within
+    the source directory [IO-141]
+  - Add a copyDirectory() method that makes use of FileFilter [IO-105]
+  - Add moveDirectory() and moveFile() methods [IO-77]
+
+- HexDump
+  - HexDump's use of static StringBuffers isn't thread-safe [IO-136]
+
+Enhancements from 1.3.2
+-----------------------
+- FileUtils
+  - Add a deleteQuietly method [IO-135]
+
+- FilenameUtils
+  - Add file name extension separator constants[IO-149]
+
+- IOExceptionWithCause [IO-148]
+  - Add a new IOException implementation with constructors which take a cause
+
+- TeeInputStream [IO-129]
+  - Add new Tee input stream implementation
+
+- FileWriterWithEncoding [IO-153]
+  - Add new File Writer implementation that accepts an encoding
+
+- CharSequenceReader [IO-138]
+  - Add new Reader implementation that handles any CharSequence (String,
+    StringBuffer, StringBuilder or CharBuffer) 
+
+- ThesholdingOuputStream [IO-121]
+  - Add a reset() method which sets the count of the bytes written back to zero.
+
+- DeferredFileOutputStream [IO-130]
+  - Add support for temporary files
+
+- ByteArrayOutputStream
+  - Add a new write(InputStream) method [IO-152]
+
+- New Closed Input/Output stream implementations [IO-122]
+  - AutoCloseInputStream - automatically closes and discards the underlying input stream
+  - ClosedInputStream - returns -1 for any read attempts
+  - ClosedOutputStream - throws an IOException for any write attempts
+  - CloseShieldInputStream - prevents the underlying input stream from being closed.
+  - CloseShieldOutputStream - prevents the underlying output stream from being closed.
+
+- Add Singleton Constants to several stream classes [IO-143]
+
+- PrefixFileFilter [IO-126]
+  - Add faciltiy to specify case sensitivity on prefix matching
+
+- SuffixFileFilter [IO-126]
+  - Add faciltiy to specify case sensitivity on suffix matching
+
+- RegexFileFilter [IO-74]
+  - Add new regular expression file filter implementation
+
+- Make IOFileFilter implementations Serializable [IO-131]
+
+- Improve IOFileFilter toString() methods [IO-120]
+
+- Make fields final so classes are immutable/threadsafe [IO-133]
+  - changes to Age, Delegate, Name, Not, Prefix, Regex, Size, Suffix and Wildcard IOFileFilter
+    implementations.
+
+- IOCase
+  - Add a compare method to IOCase [IO-144]
+
+- Add a package of java.util.Comparator implementations for files [IO-145]
+  - DefaultFileComparator - compare files using the default File.compareTo(File) method.
+  - ExtensionFileComparator - compares files using file name extensions.
+  - LastModifiedFileComparator - compares files using the last modified date/time.
+  - NameFileComparator - compares files using file names.
+  - PathFileComparator - compares files using file paths.
+  - SizeFileComparator - compares files using file sizes.
+  
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.3.2
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.3.1
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+
+Compatibility with 1.3
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - No
+  See [IO-113]
+
+Source compatible - No
+  See [IO-113]
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+
+Enhancements since 1.3.1
+------------------------
+
+- Created the FileCleaningTracker, basically a non-static version of the
+  FileCleaner, which can be controlled by the user. [IO-116]
+- The FileCleaner is deprecated.
+
+Bug fixes from 1.3.1
+--------------------
+
+- Some tests, which are implicitly assuming a Unix-like file system, are
+  now skipped on Windows. [IO-115]
+- EndianUtils
+  - Both readSwappedUnsignedInteger(...) methods could return negative 
+    numbers due to int/long casting. [IO-117]
+
+Bug fixes from 1.3
+------------------
+
+- FileUtils
+  - NPE in openOutputStream(File) when file has no parent in path [IO-112]
+  - readFileToString(File) is not static [IO-113]
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.3.1
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.3
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - No
+  See [IO-113]
+
+Source compatible - No
+  See [IO-113]
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+
+Bug fixes from 1.3
+------------------
+
+- FileUtils
+  - NPE in openOutputStream(File) when file has no parent in path [IO-112]
+  - readFileToString(File) is not static [IO-113]
+  
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.3
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.2
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+  Check the bug fixes section for semantic bug fixes
+
+Deprecations from 1.2
+---------------------
+- WildcardFilter deprecated, replaced by WildcardFileFilter
+  - old class only accepted files, thus had a confusing dual purpose
+
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpace deprecated, replaced by freeSpaceKb
+  - freeSpace returns a result that varies by operating system and
+    thus isn't that useful
+  - freeSpaceKb returns much better and more consistent results
+  - freeSpaceKb existed in v1.2, so this is a gentle cutover
+
+Bug fixes from 1.2
+------------------
+- LineIterator now implements Iterator
+  - It was always supposed to...
+
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpace/freeSpaceKb [IO-83]
+  - These should now work on AIX and HP-UX
+
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpace/freeSpaceKb [IO-90]
+  - Avoid infinite looping in Windows
+  - Catch more errors with nice messages
+
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpace [IO-91]
+  - This is now documented not to work on SunOS 5
+
+- FileSystemUtils [IO-93]
+  - Fixed resource leak leading to 'Too many open files' error
+  - Previously did not destroy Process instances (as JDK Javadoc is so poor)
+  - http://bugs.sun.com/bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=4801027
+
+- FileUtils.touch [IO-100]
+  - The touch method previously gave no indication when the file could not
+    be touched successfully (such as due to access restrictions) - it now
+    throws an IOException if the last modified date cannot be changed
+
+- FileCleaner
+  - This now handles the situation where an error occurs when deleting the file
+
+- IOUtils.copy [IO-84]
+  - Copy methods could return inaccurate byte/char count for large streams
+  - The copy(InputStream, OutputStream) method now returns -1 if the count is greater than an int
+  - The copy(Reader, Writer) method now throws now returns -1 if the count is greater than an int
+  - Added a new copyLarge(InputStream, OutputStream) method that returns a long
+  - Added a new copyLarge(Reader, Writer) method that returns a long
+
+- CountingInputStream/CountingOutputStream [IO-84]
+  - Methods were declared as int thus the count was innacurate for large streams
+  - new long based methods getByteCount()/resetByteCount() added
+  - existing methods changed to throw an exception if the count is greater than an int
+
+- FileBasedTestCase
+  - Fixed bug in compare content methods identified by GNU classpath
+
+- EndianUtils.writeSwappedLong(byte[], int) [IO-101]
+  - An int overrun in the bit shifting when it should have been a long
+
+- EndianUtils.writeSwappedLong(InputStream) [IO-102]
+  - The return of input.read(byte[]) was not being checked to ensure all 8 bytes were read
+
+Enhancements from 1.2
+---------------------
+- DirectoryWalker [IO-86]
+  - New class designed for subclassing to walk through a set of files.
+    DirectoryWalker provides the walk of the directories, filtering of
+    directories and files, and cancellation support. The subclass must provide
+    the specific behaviour, such as text searching or image processing.
+
+- IOCase
+  - New class/enumeration for case-sensitivity control
+
+- FilenameUtils
+  - New methods to handle case-sensitivity
+  - wildcardMatch - new method that has IOCase as a parameter
+  - equals - new method that has IOCase as a parameter
+
+- FileUtils [IO-108] - new default encoding methods for:
+  - readFileToString(File)
+  - readLines(File)
+  - lineIterator(File)
+  - writeStringToFile(File, String)
+  - writeLines(File, Collection)
+  - writeLines(File, Collection, String)
+
+- FileUtils.openOutputStream  [IO-107]
+  - new method to open a FileOutputStream, creating parent directories if required
+- FileUtils.touch
+- FileUtils.copyURLToFile
+- FileUtils.writeStringToFile
+- FileUtils.writeByteArrayToFile
+- FileUtils.writeLines
+  - enhanced to create parent directories if required
+- FileUtils.openInputStream  [IO-107]
+  - new method to open a FileInputStream, providing better error messages than the JDK
+
+- FileUtils.isFileOlder
+  - new methods to check if a file is older (i.e. isFileOlder()) - counterparts
+    to the existing isFileNewer() methods.
+
+- FileUtils.checksum, FileUtils.checksumCRC32
+  - new methods to create a checksum of a file
+
+- FileUtils.copyFileToDirectory  [IO-104]
+  - new variant that optionally retains the file date
+
+- FileDeleteStrategy
+- FileCleaner    [IO-56,IO-70]
+  - FileDeleteStrategy is a strategy for handling file deletion
+  - This can be used as a calback in FileCleaner
+  - Together these allow FileCleaner to do a forceDelete to kill directories
+
+- FileCleaner.exitWhenFinished [IO-99]
+  - A new method that allows the internal cleaner thread to be cleanly terminated
+
+- WildcardFileFilter
+  - Replacement for WildcardFilter
+  - Accepts both files and directories
+  - Ability to control case-sensitivity
+
+- NameFileFilter
+  - Ability to control case-sensitivity
+
+- FileFileFilter
+  - New IOFileFilter implementation
+  - Accepts files where File.isFile() is true
+  - In other words it filters out directories
+  - Singleton instance provided (FILE)
+
+- CanReadFileFilter
+  - New IOFileFilter implementation
+  - Accepts files where File.canRead() is true
+  - Singleton instances provided (CAN_READ/CANNOT_READ/READ_ONLY)
+
+- CanWriteFileFilter
+  - New IOFileFilter implementation
+  - Accepts files where File.canWrite() is true
+  - Singleton instances provided (CAN_WRITE/CANNOT_WRITE)
+
+- HiddenFileFilter
+  - New IOFileFilter implementation
+  - Accepts files where File.isHidden() is true
+  - Singleton instances provided (HIDDEN/VISIBLE)
+
+- EmptyFileFilter
+  - New IOFileFilter implementation
+  - Accepts files or directories that are empty
+  - Singleton instances provided (EMPTY/NOT_EMPTY)
+
+- TrueFileFilter/FalseFileFilter/DirectoryFileFilter
+  - New singleton instance constants (TRUE/FALSE/DIRECTORY)
+  - The new constants are more JDK 1.5 friendly with regards to static imports
+    (whereas if everything uses INSTANCE, then they just clash)
+  - The old INSTANCE constants are still present and have not been deprecated
+
+- FileFilterUtils.sizeRangeFileFilter
+  - new sizeRangeFileFilter(long minimumSize, long maximumSize) method which 
+    creates a filter that accepts files within the specified size range.
+
+- FileFilterUtils.makeDirectoryOnly/makeFileOnly
+  - two new methods that decorate a file filter to make it apply to
+    directories only or files only
+
+- NullWriter
+  - New writer that acts as a sink for all data, as per /dev/null
+
+- NullInputStream
+  - New input stream that emulates a stream of a specified size
+
+- NullReader
+  - New reader that emulates a reader of a specified size
+
+- ByteArrayOutputStream  [IO-97]
+  - Performance enhancements
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.2
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.1
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+
+Deprecations from 1.1
+---------------------
+
+Bug fixes from 1.1
+------------------
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpace(drive)
+  Fix to allow Windows based command to function in French locale
+
+- FileUtils.read*
+  Increase certainty that files are closed in case of error
+
+- LockableFileWriter
+  Locking mechanism was broken and only provided limited protection [38942]
+  File deletion and locking in case of constructor error was broken
+
+Enhancements from 1.1
+---------------------
+- AgeFileFilter/SizeFileFilter
+  New file filters that compares against the age and size of the file
+
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpaceKb(drive)
+  New method that unifies result to be in kilobytes [38574]
+
+- FileUtils.contentEquals(File,File)
+  Performance improved by adding length and file location checking
+
+- FileUtils.iterateFiles
+  Two new method to provide direct access to iterators over files
+
+- FileUtils.lineIterator
+  IOUtils.lineIterator
+  New methods to provide an iterator over the lines in a file [38083]
+
+- FileUtils.copyDirectoryToDirectory
+  New method to copy a directory to within another directory [36315]
+  
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.1
+==============================================================================
+
+Incompatible changes from 1.0
+-----------------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes, except:
+- FileUtils.writeStringToFile()
+    A null encoding previously used 'ISO-8859-1', now it uses the platform default
+    Generally this will make no difference
+
+- LockableFileWriter
+    Improved validation and now create directories if necesssary
+
+plus these bug fixes may affect you semantically:
+- FileUtils.touch()  (Bug fix 29821)
+    Now creates the file if it did not previously exist
+
+- FileUtils.toFile(URL) (Bug fix 32575)
+    Now handles escape syntax such as %20
+
+- FileUtils.sizeOfDirectory()  (Bug fix 36801)
+    May now return a size of 0 if the directory is security restricted
+
+Deprecations from 1.0
+---------------------
+- CopyUtils has been deprecated.
+    Its methods have been moved to IOUtils.
+    The new IOUtils methods handle nulls better, and have clearer names.
+
+- IOUtils.toByteArray(String) - Use {@link String#getBytes()}
+- IOUtils.toString(byte[]) - Use {@link String#String(byte[])}
+- IOUtils.toString(byte[],String) - Use {@link String#String(byte[],String)}
+
+Bug fixes from 1.0
+------------------
+- FileUtils - touch()  [29821]
+    Now creates the file if it did not previously exist
+
+- FileUtils - toFile(URL)  [32575]
+    Now handles escape syntax such as %20
+
+- FileFilterUtils - makeCVSAware(IOFileFilter)  [33023]
+    Fixed bug that caused method to be completely broken
+
+- CountingInputStream  [33336]
+    Fixed bug that caused the count to reduce by one at the end of the stream
+
+- CountingInputStream - skip(long)  [34311]
+    Bytes from calls to this method were not previously counted
+
+- NullOutputStream  [33481]
+    Remove unnecessary synchronization
+
+- AbstractFileFilter - accept(File, String)  [30992]
+    Fixed broken implementation
+
+- FileUtils  [36801]
+    Previously threw NPE when listing files in a security restricted directory
+    Now throw IOException with a better message
+
+- FileUtils - writeStringToFile()
+    Null encoding now correctly uses the platform default
+
+Enhancements from 1.0
+---------------------
+- FilenameUtils - new class  [33303,29351]
+    A static utility class for working with filenames
+    Seeks to ease the pain of developing on Windows and deploying on Unix
+
+- FileSystemUtils - new class  [32982,36325]
+    A static utility class for working with file systems
+    Provides one method at present, to get the free space on the filing system
+
+- IOUtils - new public constants
+    Constants for directory and line separators on Windows and Unix
+
+- IOUtils - toByteArray(Reader,encoding)
+    Handles encodings when reading to a byte array
+
+- IOUtils - toCharArray(InputStream)  [28979]
+          - toCharArray(InputStream,encoding)
+          - toCharArray(Reader)
+    Reads a stream/reader into a charatcter array
+
+- IOUtils - readLines(InputStream)  [36214]
+          - readLines(InputStream,encoding)
+          - readLines(Reader)
+    Reads a stream/reader line by line into a List of Strings
+
+- IOUtils - toInputStream(String)  [32958]
+          - toInputStream(String,encoding)
+    Creates an input stream that uses the string as a source of data
+
+- IOUtils - writeLines(Collection,lineEnding,OutputStream)  [36214]
+          - writeLines(Collection,lineEnding,OutputStream,encoding)
+          - writeLines(Collection,lineEnding,Writer)
+    Writes a collection to a stream/writer line by line
+
+- IOUtils - write(...)
+    Write data to a stream/writer (moved from CopyUtils with better null handling)
+
+- IOUtils - copy(...)
+    Copy data between streams (moved from CopyUtils with better null handling)
+
+- IOUtils - contentEquals(Reader,Reader)
+    Method to compare the contents of two readers
+
+- FileUtils - toFiles(URL[])
+    Converts an array of URLs to an array of Files
+
+- FileUtils - copyDirectory()  [32944]
+    New methods to copy a directory
+
+- FileUtils - readFileToByteArray(File)
+    Reads an entire file into a byte array
+
+- FileUtils - writeByteArrayToFile(File,byte[])
+    Writes a byte array to a file
+
+- FileUtils - readLines(File,encoding)  [36214]
+    Reads a file line by line into a List of Strings
+
+- FileUtils - writeLines(File,encoding,List)
+              writeLines(File,encoding,List,lineEnding)
+    Writes a collection to a file line by line
+
+- FileUtils - EMPTY_FILE_ARRAY
+    Constant for an empty array of File objects
+
+- ConditionalFileFilter - new interface  [30705]
+    Defines the behaviour of list based filters
+
+- AndFileFilter, OrFileFilter  [30705]
+    Now support a list of filters to and/or
+
+- WildcardFilter  [31115]
+    New filter that can match using wildcard file names
+
+- FileFilterUtils - makeSVNAware(IOFileFilter)
+    New method, like makeCVSAware, that ignores Subversion source control directories
+
+- ClassLoaderObjectInputStream
+    An ObjectInputStream that supports a ClassLoader
+
+- CountingInputStream,CountingOutputStream - resetCount()  [28976]
+    Adds the ability to reset the count part way through reading/writing the stream
+
+- DeferredFileOutputStream - writeTo(OutputStream)  [34173]
+    New method to allow current contents to be written to a stream
+
+- DeferredFileOutputStream  [34142]
+    Performance optimizations avoiding double buffering
+
+- LockableFileWriter - encoding support [36825]
+    Add support for character encodings to LockableFileWriter
+    Improve the validation
+    Create directories if necesssary
+
+- IOUtils and EndianUtils are no longer final  [28978]
+    Allows developers to have subclasses if desired   
+
+==============================================================================
+Feedback
+==============================================================================
+
+Open source works best when you give feedback:
+http://commons.apache.org/io/
+
+Please direct all bug reports to JIRA
+http://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO
+
+Or subscribe to the commons-user mailing list (prefix emails by [io])
+http://commons.apache.org/mail-lists.html
+
+The Commons-IO Team

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/build.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+<!--
+    Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+    contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+    this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+    The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+    (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+    the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+   
+         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+   
+    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+    limitations under the License.
+-->
+<project name="Commons IO" default="jar" basedir=".">
+
+
+<!--
+        "IO" component of the Apache Commons Subproject
+        $Id: build.xml 1714367 2015-11-14 20:46:56Z adrianc $
+-->
+
+
+<!-- ========== Initialize Properties ===================================== -->
+
+
+  <property file="project.properties"/>              <!-- Project local   -->
+  <property file="build.properties"/>                <!-- Component local   -->
+  <property file="${user.home}/build.properties"/>   <!-- User local        -->
+
+
+<!-- ========== External Dependencies ===================================== -->
+
+  <!-- Repository base path -->
+  <property name="repository"              value="${user.home}/.m2/repository"/>
+
+  <!-- The directories corresponding to your necessary dependencies -->
+  <property name="junit.version"           value="4.12"/>
+  <property name="junit.home"              value="${repository}/junit/junit/${junit.version}"/>
+  <property name="junit.jar"               value="${junit.home}/junit-${junit.version}.jar"/>
+
+
+<!-- ========== Component Declarations ==================================== -->
+
+
+  <!-- The name of this component -->
+  <property name="component.name"          value="commons-io"/>
+
+  <!-- The primary package name of this component -->
+  <property name="component.package"       value="org.apache.commons.io"/>
+
+  <!-- The title of this component -->
+  <property name="component.title"         value="Commons IO"/>
+
+  <!-- The current version number of this component -->
+  <property name="component.version"       value="2.5-SNAPSHOT"/>
+
+  <!-- The base directory for component sources -->
+  <property name="source.home"             value="src/main/java"/>
+
+  <!-- The base directory for unit test sources -->
+  <property name="test.home"               value="src/test/java"/>
+
+  <!-- The base directory for unit test resources -->
+  <property name="test.resources.home"               value="src/test/resources"/>
+
+  <!-- Download lib dir -->
+  <property name="download.lib.dir"        value="lib"/>
+
+  <!-- The base directory for compilation targets -->
+  <property name="build.home"              value="target"/>
+
+  <!-- The base directory for distribution targets -->
+  <property name="dist.home"               value="${build.home}"/>
+
+  <!-- Base file name for dist files -->
+  <property name="final.name"        value="${component.name}-${component.version}"/>
+
+  <!-- Directory where binary release files are staged -->
+  <property name="stage.bin.dir"           value="${dist.home}/stage-bin"/>
+
+  <!-- Directory where source release files are staged -->
+  <property name="stage.src.dir"           value="${dist.home}/stage-src"/>
+
+<!-- ========== Compiler Defaults ========================================= -->
+
+  <!-- compiler source JDK version -->
+  <property name="compile.source"          value="1.6"/>
+
+  <!-- compiler target JDK version -->
+  <property name="compile.target"          value="1.6"/>
+
+  <!-- Should Java compilations set the 'debug' compiler option? -->
+  <property name="compile.debug"           value="true"/>
+
+  <!-- Should Java compilations set the 'deprecation' compiler option? -->
+  <property name="compile.deprecation"     value="false"/>
+
+  <!-- Should Java compilations set the 'optimize' compiler option? -->
+  <property name="compile.optimize"        value="true"/>
+
+  <!-- Construct compile classpath -->
+  <path id="compile.classpath">
+    <pathelement location="${build.home}/classes"/>
+  </path>
+
+  <!-- Construct compile classpath -->
+  <path id="downloaded.lib.classpath">
+    <pathelement location="${download.lib.dir}/junit-${junit.version}.jar"/>
+    <pathelement location="${download.lib.dir}/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar"/>
+  </path>
+
+<!-- ========== Test Execution Defaults =================================== -->
+
+
+  <!-- Construct unit test classpath -->
+  <path id="test.classpath">
+    <pathelement location="${build.home}/classes"/>
+    <pathelement location="${build.home}/test-classes"/>
+    <pathelement location="${build.home}/test-resources"/>
+    <pathelement location="${junit.jar}"/>
+    <path refid="downloaded.lib.classpath"/>
+  </path>
+
+  <!-- Should all tests fail if one does? -->
+  <property name="test.failonerror"        value="true"/>
+
+  <!-- The test runner to execute -->
+  <property name="test.runner"             value="junit.textui.TestRunner"/>
+
+
+<!-- ========== Executable Targets ======================================== -->
+
+  <target name="clean" description="Clean build and distribution directories">
+    <delete    dir="${build.home}"/>
+    <delete    dir="test"/>
+  </target>
+
+
+  <target name="init"
+   description="Initialize and evaluate conditionals">
+    <echo message="-------- ${component.title} ${component.version} --------"/>
+    <filter  token="name"                  value="${component.name}"/>
+    <filter  token="package"               value="${component.package}"/>
+    <filter  token="version"               value="${component.version}"/>
+    <filter  token="compilesource"         value="${compile.source}"/>
+    <filter  token="compiletarget"         value="${compile.target}"/>
+    <tstamp/>
+    <mkdir dir="${build.home}"/>
+    <mkdir dir="${build.home}/classes"/>
+    <mkdir dir="${build.home}/test-classes"/>
+  </target>
+
+<!-- ========== Compile Targets =========================================== -->
+
+  <target name="compile" depends="init" description="Compile">
+
+    <javac srcdir="${source.home}"
+           destdir="${build.home}/classes"
+           source="${compile.source}"
+           target="${compile.target}"
+           debug="${compile.debug}"
+           deprecation="${compile.deprecation}"
+           optimize="${compile.optimize}"
+           includeantruntime="false">
+      <classpath refid="compile.classpath"/>
+    </javac>
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ========== Unit Test Targets ========================================= -->
+
+    <target name="compile.tests" depends="compile, download-dependencies" description="Compile unit test cases dependent on JDK version">
+
+      <javac srcdir="${test.home}"
+             destdir="${build.home}/test-classes"
+             debug="${compile.debug}"
+             deprecation="${compile.deprecation}"
+             optimize="${compile.optimize}"
+             includeantruntime="false">
+          <classpath refid="test.classpath"/>
+      </javac>
+      <copy todir="${build.home}/test-resources">
+        <fileset dir="${test.resources.home}"/>
+      </copy>
+    </target>
+
+  <target name="test"  depends="compile.tests"
+                       description="Run all unit test cases">
+    <mkdir dir="${build.home}/ant-reports"/>
+    <junit printsummary="true" showoutput="true" fork="yes" haltonfailure="${test.failonerror}">
+      <classpath refid="test.classpath"/>
+      <formatter type="plain" usefile="true" />
+      <!-- If test.entry is defined, run a single test, otherwise run all valid tests -->
+      <test name="${test.entry}" if="test.entry"/>
+      <batchtest todir="${build.home}/ant-reports" unless="test.entry">
+        <fileset dir="${test.home}">
+          <include name="**/*Test*.java"/>
+          <!-- Test support files -->
+          <exclude name="**/testtools/**"/>
+          <!-- Ant JUnit does not handle abstract classes -->
+          <exclude name="**/*AbstractTestCase*"/>
+            <exclude name="**/Abstract*TestCase*"/>
+        </fileset>
+      </batchtest>
+    </junit>
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ========== Produce JavaDocs ========================================== -->
+
+  <target name="javadoc" depends="compile" description="Create component Javadoc documentation">
+    <mkdir dir="${build.home}/apidocs"/>
+    <tstamp>
+        <format property="current.year" pattern="yyyy"/>
+    </tstamp>
+    <javadoc sourcepath="${source.home}"
+                destdir="${build.home}/apidocs"
+           packagenames="org.apache.commons.*"
+                 author="true"
+                private="true"
+                version="true"
+               doctitle="&lt;h1&gt;${component.title} ${component.version}&lt;/h1&gt;"
+            windowtitle="${component.title} ${component.version}"
+                 bottom="Copyright (c) 2002-${current.year}  Apache Software Foundation"
+           classpathref="compile.classpath">
+        <link href="http://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/api/"/>
+        <link href="http://download.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/api/index.html"/>
+    </javadoc>
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ========== Create Jar ================================================ -->
+
+  <target name="jar" depends="compile" description="Create jar file">
+
+    <mkdir dir="${build.home}/classes/META-INF"/>
+    <copy file="LICENSE.txt" tofile="${build.home}/classes/META-INF/LICENSE.txt"/>
+    <copy file="NOTICE.txt"  tofile="${build.home}/classes/META-INF/NOTICE.txt"/>
+
+    <manifest file="${build.home}/MANIFEST.MF">
+        <attribute name="Specification-Title"      value="${component.title}"/>
+        <attribute name="Specification-Version"    value="${component.version}"/>
+        <attribute name="Specification-Vendor"     value="The Apache Software Foundation"/>
+        <attribute name="Implementation-Title"     value="${component.title}"/>
+        <attribute name="Implementation-Version"   value="${component.version}"/>
+        <attribute name="Implementation-Vendor"    value="The Apache Software Foundation"/>
+        <attribute name="Implementation-Vendor-Id" value="org.apache"/>
+        <attribute name="X-Compile-Source-JDK"     value="${compile.source}"/>
+        <attribute name="X-Compile-Target-JDK"     value="${compile.target}"/>
+    </manifest>
+
+    <jar jarfile="${build.home}/${final.name}.jar"
+         basedir="${build.home}/classes"
+        manifest="${build.home}/MANIFEST.MF"/>
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ========== Distribution Target =========================================== -->
+
+  <target name="dist" depends="clean,jar,javadoc" description="Create distribution artifacts">
+
+    <mkdir dir="${dist.home}"/>
+
+    <!-- jar(s) -->
+    <copy todir="${dist.home}">
+      <fileset dir=".">
+        <include name="RELEASE-NOTES.txt"/>
+      </fileset>
+      <fileset dir="${build.home}">
+        <include name="*.jar"/>
+      </fileset>
+    </copy>
+
+    <!-- Binary Distro -->
+    <mkdir dir="${stage.bin.dir}/${final.name}"/>
+    <copy todir="${stage.bin.dir}/${final.name}">
+      <fileset dir=".">
+        <include name="LICENSE.txt"/>
+        <include name="NOTICE.txt"/>
+        <include name="RELEASE-NOTES.txt"/>
+      </fileset>
+      <fileset dir="${build.home}">
+        <include name="*.jar"/>
+      </fileset>
+    </copy>
+    <copy todir="${stage.bin.dir}/${final.name}/apidocs">
+      <fileset dir="${build.home}/apidocs" />
+    </copy>
+
+    <!-- Source Distro -->
+    <mkdir dir="${stage.src.dir}/${final.name}-src"/>
+    <copy todir="${stage.src.dir}/${final.name}-src">
+      <fileset dir=".">
+        <include name="build.xml"/>
+        <include name="checkstyle.xml"/>
+        <include name="LICENSE.txt"/>
+        <include name="NOTICE.txt"/>
+        <include name="pom.xml"/>
+        <include name="PROPOSAL.html"/>
+        <include name="RELEASE-NOTES.txt"/>
+      </fileset>
+    </copy>
+    <copy todir="${stage.src.dir}/${final.name}-src/src">
+      <fileset dir="src" />
+    </copy>
+
+    <zip  zipfile="${dist.home}/${final.name}.zip"     basedir="${stage.bin.dir}"/>
+    <zip  zipfile="${dist.home}/${final.name}-src.zip" basedir="${stage.src.dir}"/>
+    <tar  tarfile="${dist.home}/${final.name}.tar"     basedir="${stage.bin.dir}" longfile="gnu"/>
+    <tar  tarfile="${dist.home}/${final.name}-src.tar" basedir="${stage.src.dir}" longfile="gnu"/>
+    <gzip     src="${dist.home}/${final.name}.tar"     zipfile="${dist.home}/${final.name}.tar.gz"/>
+    <gzip     src="${dist.home}/${final.name}-src.tar" zipfile="${dist.home}/${final.name}-src.tar.gz"/>
+
+    <!-- clean up staging directories -->
+    <delete    dir="${stage.bin.dir}"/>
+    <delete    dir="${stage.src.dir}"/>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ========== Gump Target ===================================================== -->
+
+  <target name="gump" depends="clean,test,javadoc,jar" description="Gump Target - clean,test,javadoc,jar"/>
+
+
+<!-- ========== Download Dependencies =========================================== -->
+
+    <target name="download-dependencies"
+           depends="check-availability" unless="skip.download">
+        <echo message="doing download-dependencies..." />
+        <antcall target="download-junit" />
+    </target>
+
+    <target name="check-availability">
+        <echo message="doing check-availability..." />
+        <available file="${download.lib.dir}/junit-${junit.version}.jar" property="junit.found"/>
+    </target>
+
+    <target name="download-junit" unless="junit.found">
+        <echo message="Downloading junit..."/>
+        <mkdir dir="${download.lib.dir}" />
+        <!-- TODO check hash of jar -->
+        <get dest="${download.lib.dir}"
+            usetimestamp="true" ignoreerrors="true"
+            src="http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/junit/junit/${junit.version}/junit-${junit.version}.jar"/>
+        <get dest="${download.lib.dir}"
+            usetimestamp="true" ignoreerrors="true"
+            src="https://hamcrest.googlecode.com/files/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar"/>
+    </target>
+
+</project>
+

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/checkstyle.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!--
+Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<!DOCTYPE module PUBLIC
+    "-//Puppy Crawl//DTD Check Configuration 1.1//EN"
+    "http://www.puppycrawl.com/dtds/configuration_1_1.dtd">
+
+<!-- commons lang customization of default Checkstyle behavior -->
+<module name="Checker">
+  <property name="localeLanguage" value="en"/>
+  <module name="JavadocPackage">
+    <!-- setting allowLegacy means it will check for package.html instead of just package-info.java -->
+    <property name="allowLegacy" value="true"/>
+  </module>
+  <module name="FileTabCharacter">
+    <property name="fileExtensions" value="java,xml"/>
+  </module>
+  <module name="TreeWalker">
+    <property name="cacheFile" value="target/cachefile"/>
+    <module name="AvoidStarImport"/>
+    <module name="RedundantImport"/>
+    <module name="UnusedImports"/>
+    <module name="NeedBraces"/>
+    <module name="RedundantThrows">
+      <property name="allowUnchecked" value="true"/>
+      <property name="allowSubclasses" value="true"/>
+    </module>
+    <module name="LineLength">
+      <property name="max" value="160"/>
+    </module>
+    <module name="JavadocMethod">
+      <property name="allowUndeclaredRTE" value="true"/>
+      <property name="allowThrowsTagsForSubclasses" value="true"/>
+    </module>
+ </module>
+</module>

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/findbugs-exclude-filter.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!--
+   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<!--
+  This file contains some false positive bugs detected by findbugs. Their
+  false positive nature has been analyzed individually and they have been
+  put here to instruct findbugs it must ignore them.
+-->
+<FindBugsFilter>
+
+
+  <!--  See discussion on https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-215 -->
+  <Match>
+    <Class name="org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils" />
+    <Or>
+      <Method name="doCopyDirectory" params="java.io.File,java.io.File,java.io.FileFilter,boolean,java.util.List" returns="void" />
+      <Method name="doCopyFile" params="java.io.File,java.io.File,boolean" returns="void" />
+    </Or>
+    <Bug pattern="RV_RETURN_VALUE_IGNORED_BAD_PRACTICE" />
+  </Match>
+
+
+  <!--
+       Ignoring the return from mkdirs() is a false positives since the
+       following line in both those methods checks for the existence of
+       the directory and throws an exception if it doesn't exist. 
+    -->
+  <Match>
+    <Class name="org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils" />
+    <Or>
+      <Method name="moveDirectoryToDirectory" params="java.io.File,java.io.File,boolean" returns="void" />
+      <Method name="moveFileToDirectory" params="java.io.File,java.io.File,boolean" returns="void" />
+    </Or>
+    <Bug pattern="RV_RETURN_VALUE_IGNORED_BAD_PRACTICE" />
+  </Match>
+
+
+  <!--
+      FileEntry is used internally by FileAlterationObserver to refresh and
+      update the state of files it is monitoring and in that context this is
+      not an issue. If people re-use it elsewhere then they need to
+      take care - but its not its primary purpose here and so its OK
+    -->
+  <Match>
+    <Class name="org.apache.commons.io.monitor.FileEntry" />
+    <Method name="setChildren" params="org.apache.commons.io.monitor.FileEntry[]" returns="void" />
+    <Bug pattern="EI_EXPOSE_REP2" />
+  </Match>
+
+
+  <!--  See discussion on https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-214 -->
+  <Match>
+    <Class name="org.apache.commons.io.output.ByteArrayOutputStream" />
+    <Bug pattern="IS2_INCONSISTENT_SYNC" />
+  </Match>
+
+
+  <!-- This is a false positive since close() does nothing in the Stream implementation being used -->
+  <Match>
+    <Class name="org.apache.commons.io.output.ByteArrayOutputStream" />
+    <Method name="toBufferedInputStream" params="java.io.InputStream" returns="java.io.InputStream" />
+    <Bug pattern="OS_OPEN_STREAM" />
+  </Match>
+
+
+  <!--  See discussion on https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-216 -->
+  <Match>
+    <Class name="org.apache.commons.io.output.LockableFileWriter" />
+    <Method name="close" params="" returns="void" />
+    <Bug pattern="RV_RETURN_VALUE_IGNORED_BAD_PRACTICE" />
+  </Match>
+
+  <Match>
+    <Class name="org.apache.commons.io.output.DeferredFileOutputStream" />
+    <Or>
+      <Method name="thresholdReached" params="" returns="void" />
+    </Or>
+    <Bug pattern="OBL_UNSATISFIED_OBLIGATION" />
+  </Match>
+</FindBugsFilter>

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,422 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!--
+   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
+-->
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
+  <parent>
+    <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+    <artifactId>commons-parent</artifactId>
+    <version>39</version>
+  </parent>
+  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+  <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
+  <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
+  <version>2.5</version>
+  <name>Apache Commons IO</name>
+
+  <inceptionYear>2002</inceptionYear>
+  <description>
+The Apache Commons IO library contains utility classes, stream implementations, file filters, 
+file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
+  </description>
+
+  <url>http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/</url>
+
+  <issueManagement>
+    <system>jira</system>
+    <url>http://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO</url>
+  </issueManagement>
+
+  <distributionManagement>
+    <site>
+      <id>apache.website</id>
+      <name>Apache Commons Site</name>
+      <url>scm:svn:https://svn.apache.org/repos/infra/websites/production/commons/content/proper/commons-i/</url>
+    </site>
+  </distributionManagement>
+
+  <scm>
+    <connection>scm:svn:http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/commons/proper/io/tags/commons-io-2.5</connection>
+    <developerConnection>scm:svn:https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/commons/proper/io/tags/commons-io-2.5</developerConnection>
+    <url>http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/commons/proper/io/tags/commons-io-2.5</url>
+  </scm>
+
+  <developers>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Scott Sanders</name>
+      <id>sanders</id>
+      <email>sanders@apache.org</email>
+      <organization />
+      <roles>
+        <role>Java Developer</role>
+      </roles>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>dIon Gillard</name>
+      <!-- Note: first name is correctly capitalised above -->
+      <id>dion</id>
+      <email>dion@apache.org</email>
+      <organization />
+      <roles>
+        <role>Java Developer</role>
+      </roles>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Nicola Ken Barozzi</name>
+      <id>nicolaken</id>
+      <email>nicolaken@apache.org</email>
+      <organization />
+      <roles>
+        <role>Java Developer</role>
+      </roles>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Henri Yandell</name>
+      <id>bayard</id>
+      <email>bayard@apache.org</email>
+      <organization />
+      <roles>
+        <role>Java Developer</role>
+      </roles>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Stephen Colebourne</name>
+      <id>scolebourne</id>
+      <organization />
+      <roles>
+        <role>Java Developer</role>
+      </roles>
+      <timezone>0</timezone>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Jeremias Maerki</name>
+      <id>jeremias</id>
+      <email>jeremias@apache.org</email>
+      <organization />
+      <roles>
+        <role>Java Developer</role>
+      </roles>
+      <timezone>+1</timezone>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Matthew Hawthorne</name>
+      <id>matth</id>
+      <email>matth@apache.org</email>
+      <organization />
+      <roles>
+        <role>Java Developer</role>
+      </roles>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Martin Cooper</name>
+      <id>martinc</id>
+      <email>martinc@apache.org</email>
+      <organization />
+      <roles>
+        <role>Java Developer</role>
+      </roles>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Rob Oxspring</name>
+      <id>roxspring</id>
+      <email>roxspring@apache.org</email>
+      <organization />
+      <roles>
+        <role>Java Developer</role>
+      </roles>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Jochen Wiedmann</name>
+      <id>jochen</id>
+      <email>jochen.wiedmann@gmail.com</email>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Niall Pemberton</name>
+      <id>niallp</id>
+      <roles>
+        <role>Java Developer</role>
+      </roles>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Jukka Zitting</name>
+      <id>jukka</id>
+      <roles>
+        <role>Java Developer</role>
+      </roles>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Gary Gregory</name>
+      <id>ggregory</id>
+      <email>ggregory@apache.org</email>
+      <url>http://www.garygregory.com</url>
+      <timezone>-5</timezone>
+    </developer>
+    <developer>
+      <name>Kristian Rosenvold</name>
+      <id>krosenvold</id>
+      <email>krosenvold@apache.org</email>
+      <timezone>+1</timezone>
+    </developer>
+  </developers>
+
+  <contributors>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Rahul Akolkar</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Jason Anderson</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Nathan Beyer</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Emmanuel Bourg</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Chris Eldredge</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Magnus Grimsell</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Jim Harrington</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Thomas Ledoux</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Andy Lehane</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Marcelo Liberato</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Alban Peignier</name>
+      <email>alban.peignier at free.fr</email>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Ian Springer</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Dominik Stadler</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Masato Tezuka</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>James Urie</name>
+    </contributor>
+    <contributor>
+      <name>Frank W. Zammetti</name>
+    </contributor>
+  </contributors>
+
+  <dependencies>
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>junit</groupId>
+      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
+      <version>4.12</version>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+  </dependencies>
+
+  <properties>
+    <maven.compiler.source>1.6</maven.compiler.source>
+    <maven.compiler.target>1.6</maven.compiler.target>
+    <commons.componentid>io</commons.componentid>
+    <commons.rc.version>RC4</commons.rc.version>
+    <commons.release.version>2.5</commons.release.version>
+    <commons.release.desc>(requires JDK 1.6+)</commons.release.desc>
+    <commons.jira.id>IO</commons.jira.id>
+    <commons.jira.pid>12310477</commons.jira.pid>
+    <commons.osgi.export>
+        <!-- Explicit list of packages from IO 1.4 -->
+        org.apache.commons.io;
+        org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+        org.apache.commons.io.filefilter;
+        org.apache.commons.io.input;
+        org.apache.commons.io.output;version=1.4.9999;-noimport:=true,
+        <!-- Same list plus * for new packages -->
+        org.apache.commons.io;
+        org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+        org.apache.commons.io.filefilter;
+        org.apache.commons.io.input;
+        org.apache.commons.io.output;
+        org.apache.commons.io.*;version=${project.version};-noimport:=true
+    </commons.osgi.export>
+
+    <commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>site-content</commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>
+  </properties>
+
+  <build>
+    <pluginManagement>
+    </pluginManagement>
+    <plugins>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>2.14.1</version>
+        <configuration>
+          <classpathDependencyExcludes>
+            <classpathDependencyExclude>xerces:xercesImpl</classpathDependencyExclude>
+          </classpathDependencyExcludes>
+          <forkMode>pertest</forkMode>
+          <!-- limit memory size see IO-161 -->
+          <argLine>-Xmx25M</argLine>
+          <includes>
+            <!-- Only include test classes, not test data -->
+            <include>**/*Test*.class</include>
+          </includes>
+          <excludes>
+            <exclude>**/*AbstractTestCase*</exclude>
+            <exclude>**/testtools/**</exclude>
+            <!-- http://jira.codehaus.org/browse/SUREFIRE-44 -->
+            <exclude>**/*$*</exclude>
+          </excludes>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
+        <configuration>
+          <descriptors>
+            <descriptor>src/assembly/bin.xml</descriptor>
+            <descriptor>src/assembly/src.xml</descriptor>
+          </descriptors>
+          <tarLongFileMode>gnu</tarLongFileMode>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-scm-publish-plugin</artifactId>
+        <configuration>
+          <ignorePathsToDelete>
+            <ignorePathToDelete>javadocs</ignorePathToDelete>
+          </ignorePathsToDelete>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+      <!-- Configure RAT for CLI invocation: mvn apache-rat:rat -->
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.rat</groupId>
+        <artifactId>apache-rat-plugin</artifactId>
+        <!-- Must agree with report section RAT config -->
+        <configuration>
+          <excludes>
+            <exclude>src/test/resources/**/*.bin</exclude>
+            <exclude>test/**</exclude>
+
+            <!-- The next 3 excludes can be dropped when using CP30 -->
+            <exclude>site-content/**</exclude>
+            <exclude>.pmd</exclude>
+            <exclude>src/site/resources/download_*.cgi</exclude>
+
+          </excludes>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+    </plugins>
+  </build>
+
+  <reporting>
+    <plugins>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
+        <artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>2.7</version>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>2.12.1</version>
+        <configuration>
+          <configLocation>${basedir}/checkstyle.xml</configLocation>
+          <enableRulesSummary>false</enableRulesSummary>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
+        <artifactId>findbugs-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>${commons.findbugs.version}</version>
+        <configuration>
+          <threshold>Normal</threshold>
+          <effort>Default</effort>
+          <excludeFilterFile>${basedir}/findbugs-exclude-filter.xml</excludeFilterFile>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.rat</groupId>
+        <artifactId>apache-rat-plugin</artifactId>
+        <!-- Must agree with build section RAT config -->
+        <configuration>
+          <excludes>
+            <exclude>src/test/resources/**/*.bin</exclude>
+            <exclude>test/**</exclude>
+
+            <!-- The next 3 excludes can be dropped when using CP30 -->
+            <exclude>site-content/**</exclude>
+            <exclude>.pmd</exclude>
+            <exclude>src/site/resources/download_*.cgi</exclude>
+
+          </excludes>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+    </plugins>
+  </reporting>
+  <profiles>
+    <profile>
+      <id>setup-checkout</id>
+      <activation>
+        <file>
+          <missing>site-content</missing>
+        </file>
+      </activation>
+      <build>
+        <plugins>
+          <plugin>
+            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+            <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
+            <version>1.8</version>
+            <executions>
+              <execution>
+                <id>prepare-checkout</id>
+                <phase>pre-site</phase>
+                <goals>
+                  <goal>run</goal>
+                </goals>
+                <configuration>
+                  <target>
+                    <exec executable="svn">
+                      <arg line="checkout --depth immediates ${commons.scmPubUrl} ${commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory}" />
+                    </exec>
+
+                    <exec executable="svn">
+                      <arg line="update --set-depth exclude ${commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory}/javadocs" />
+                    </exec>
+
+                    <pathconvert pathsep=" " property="dirs">
+                      <dirset dir="${commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory}" includes="*" />
+                    </pathconvert>
+                    <exec executable="svn">
+                      <arg line="update --set-depth infinity ${dirs}" />
+                    </exec>
+                  </target>
+                </configuration>
+              </execution>
+            </executions>
+          </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+      </build>
+    </profile>
+  </profiles>
+</project>

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/assembly/bin.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<assembly>
+    <id>bin</id>
+    <formats>
+        <format>tar.gz</format>
+        <format>zip</format>
+    </formats>
+    <includeSiteDirectory>false</includeSiteDirectory>
+    <fileSets>
+        <fileSet>
+            <includes>
+                <include>LICENSE.txt</include>
+                <include>NOTICE.txt</include>
+                <include>RELEASE-NOTES.txt</include>
+            </includes>
+        </fileSet>
+        <fileSet>
+            <directory>target</directory>
+            <outputDirectory></outputDirectory>
+            <includes>
+                <include>*.jar</include>
+            </includes>
+        </fileSet>
+        <fileSet>
+            <directory>target/site/apidocs</directory>
+            <outputDirectory>docs</outputDirectory>
+            <excludes>
+                <exclude>**/customsorttypes.js</exclude>
+                <exclude>**/sortabletable.js</exclude>
+                <exclude>**/stringbuilder.js</exclude>
+            </excludes>
+        </fileSet>
+    </fileSets>
+</assembly>

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/assembly/src.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<assembly>
+    <id>src</id>
+    <formats>
+        <format>tar.gz</format>
+        <format>zip</format>
+    </formats>
+    <baseDirectory>${artifactId}-${commons.release.version}-src</baseDirectory>
+    <fileSets>
+        <fileSet>
+            <includes>
+                <include>build.xml</include>
+                <include>checkstyle.xml</include>
+                <include>findbugs-exclude-filter.xml</include>
+                <include>LICENSE.txt</include>
+                <include>NOTICE.txt</include>
+                <include>pom.xml</include>
+                <include>PROPOSAL.html</include>
+                <include>RELEASE-NOTES.txt</include>
+            </includes>
+        </fileSet>
+        <fileSet>
+            <directory>src</directory>
+        </fileSet>
+    </fileSets>
+</assembly>

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/changes/changes.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,488 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<!--
+This file is used by the maven-changes-plugin to generate the release notes.
+Useful ways of finding items to add to this file are:
+
+1.  Add items when you fix a bug or add a feature (this makes the
+release process easy :-).
+
+2.  Do a Jira search for tickets closed since the previous release.
+
+3.  Use the report generated by the maven-changelog-plugin to see all
+CVS commits.  Set the project.properties' maven.changelog.range
+property to the number of days since the last release.
+
+
+To generate the release notes from this file:
+
+mvn changes:announcement-generate -Prelease-notes [-Dchanges.version=nnn]
+
+then tweak the source formatting if necessary and regenerate, then commit
+
+The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
+-->
+
+<document>
+  <properties>
+    <title>Release Notes</title>
+  </properties>
+
+  <body>
+    <!-- The release date is the date RC is cut -->
+    <release version="2.5" date="2015-12-DD" description="New features and bug fixes.">
+      <action issue="IO-492" dev="ggregory" type="fix" due-to="Santiago Castro">
+        Typo: In an IOUtils.java comment it says "focussed" instead of "focused".
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-433" dev="krosenvold" type="update">
+        Converted all testcases to JUnit 4
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-487" dev="bdelacretaz" type="add">
+        Add ValidatingObjectInputStream for controlled deserialization
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-446" dev="krosenvold" type="fix" due-to="Jeffrey Barrus">
+        adds an endOfFileReached method to the TailerListener
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-484" dev="krosenvold" type="fix" due-to="Philippe Arteau">
+        FilenameUtils should handle embedded null bytes
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-481" dev="krosenvold" type="fix">
+        Changed/Corrected algorithm for waitFor
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-471" dev="krosenvold" type="add" due-to="Leandro Reis">
+        Support for additional encodings in ReversedLinesFileReader
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-428" dev="krosenvold" type="fix" due-to="Stefan Gmeiner">
+        BOMInputStream.skip returns wrong count if stream contains no BOM
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-425" dev="krosenvold" type="add" due-to="Craig Swank">
+        Setter method for threshold on ThresholdingOutputStream
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-488" dev="krosenvold" type="fix" due-to="Björn Buchner">
+        FileUtils.waitFor(...) swallows thread interrupted status
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-452" dev="krosenvold" type="fix" due-to="David Standish">
+        Support for symlinks with missing target. Added support for JDK7 symlink features when present
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-466" dev="krosenvold" type="update">
+        Added testcase to show this was fixed with IO-423
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-479" dev="sebb" type="update" due-to="Zhouce Chen">
+        Correct exception message in FileUtils.getFile(File, String...)
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-406" dev="britter" type="add" due-to="Niall Pemberton">
+        Introduce new class AppendableOutputStream
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-465" dev="britter" type="update" due-to="based2">
+         Update to JUnit 4.12
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-462" dev="sebb" type="update">
+         IOExceptionWithCause no longer needed
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-459" dev="olamy" type="add" due-to="Kristian Rosenvold">
+        Add WindowsLineEndingInputStream and UnixLineEndingInputStream.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-457" dev="olamy" type="add" due-to="Kristian Rosenvold">
+        Add a BoundedReader, a wrapper that can be used to constrain access
+        to an underlying stream when used with mark/reset -
+        to avoid overflowing the mark limit of the underlying buffer.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-453" dev="sebb" type="fix" due-to="Steven Christou">
+         Regression in FileUtils.readFileToString from 2.0.1
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-451" dev="sebb" type="fix" due-to="David Standish">
+         ant test fails - resources missing from test classpath
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-435" dev="tn" type="fix" due-to="Dominik Stadler">
+         Document that FileUtils.deleteDirectory, directoryContains and cleanDirectory
+         may throw an IllegalArgumentException in case the passed directory does not
+         exist or is not a directory.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-426" dev="ggregory" type="add">
+         Add API IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable...)
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-424" dev="ggregory" type="fix" due-to="Ville Skyttä">
+         Javadoc fixes, mostly to appease 1.8.0
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-422" dev="ggregory" type="update">
+         Deprecate Charsets Charset constants in favor of Java 7's java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-410" dev="sebb" type="add" due-to="Beluga Behr">
+         Readfully() That Returns A Byte Array
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-395" dev="brentworden" type="add" due-to="Beluga Behr">
+         Overload IOUtils buffer methods to accept buffer size
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-389" dev="sebb" type="fix" due-to="Austin Doupnik">
+         FileUtils.sizeOfDirectory can throw IllegalArgumentException
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-390" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+         FileUtils.sizeOfDirectoryAsBigInteger can overflow.
+         Ensure that recursive calls all use BigInteger
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-382" dev="sebb" type="add">
+         Chunked IO for large arrays.
+         Added writeChunked(byte[], OutputStream) and writeChunked(char[] Writer)
+         Added ChunkedOutputStream, ChunkedWriter
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-385" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+         FileUtils.doCopyFile can potentially loop for ever
+         Exit loop if no data to copy
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-383" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+         FileUtils.doCopyFile caches the file size; needs to be documented
+         Added Javadoc; show file lengths in exception message
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-239" dev="sebb" type="update">
+         Convert IOCase to a Java 1.5+ Enumeration
+         [N.B. this is binary compatible]
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-233" dev="sebb" type="add">
+         Add Methods for Buffering Streams/Writers To IOUtils
+         Added overloaded buffer() methods - see also IO-330
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-330" dev="sebb" type="add">
+         IOUtils#toBufferedOutputStream/toBufferedWriter to conditionally wrap the output
+         Added overloaded buffer() methods - see also IO-233
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-381" dev="ggregory" type="add">
+        Add FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile API with option to leave the source open.
+        See copyInputStreamToFile(final InputStream source, final File destination, boolean closeSource)
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-380" dev="sebb" type="fix" due-to="claudio_ch">
+        FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile should document it closes the input source
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-279" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        Tailer erroneously considers file as new.
+        Fix to use file.lastModified() rather than System.currentTimeMillis()
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-356" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+         CharSequenceInputStream#reset() behaves incorrectly in case when buffer size is not dividable by data size.
+         Fix code so skip relates to the encoded bytes; reset now re-encodes the data up to the point of the mark
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-379" dev="sebb" type="add">
+         CharSequenceInputStream - add tests for available()
+         Fix code so it really does reflect a minimum available.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-328" dev="sebb" type="update">
+        getPrefixLength returns null if filename has leading slashes
+        Javadoc: add examples to show correct behaviour; add unit tests
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-299" dev="sebb" type="update">
+        FileUtils.listFilesAndDirs includes original dir in results even when it doesn't match filter
+        Javadoc: clarify that original dir is included in the results
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-346" dev="sebb" type="add">
+         Add ByteArrayOutputStream.toInputStream()
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-368" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        ClassLoaderObjectInputStream does not handle primitive typed members
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-341" dev="sebb" type="add">
+         A constant for holding the BOM character (U+FEFF)
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-314" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        Deprecate all methods that use the default encoding
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-338" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        When a file is rotated, finish reading previous file prior to starting new one
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-354" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        Commons IO Tailer does not respect UTF-8 Charset.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-323" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        What should happen in FileUtils.sizeOf[Directory] when an overflow takes place?
+        Added Javadoc.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-372" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        FileUtils.moveDirectory can produce misleading error message on failiure
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-375" dev="sebb" type="update">
+        FilenameUtils.splitOnTokens(String text) check for '**' could be simplified
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-374" dev="sebb" type="update">
+        WildcardFileFilter ctors should not use null to mean IOCase.SENSITIVE when delegating to other ctors
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-362" dev="ggregory" type="fix" due-to="mmadson, ggregory">
+        IOUtils.contentEquals* methods returns false if input1 == input2, should return true.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-361" dev="ggregory" type="add">
+        Add API FileUtils.forceMkdirsParent().
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-360" dev="ggregory" type="add">
+        Add API Charsets.requiredCharsets().
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-359" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="yukoba">
+        Add IOUtils.skip and skipFully(ReadableByteChannel, long).
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-358" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="yukoba">
+        Add IOUtils.read and readFully(ReadableByteChannel, ByteBuffer buffer).
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-357" dev="ggregory" type="fix" due-to="mortenh">
+        [Tailer] InterruptedException while the thread is sleeping is silently ignored
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-353" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="ggregory">
+        Add API IOUtils.copy(InputStream, OutputStream, int)
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-349" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="scop">
+        Add API with array offset and length argument to FileUtils.writeByteArrayToFile.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-352" dev="ggregory" type="fix" due-to="scop">
+        Spelling fixes.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-348" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="plcstpierre">
+        Missing information in IllegalArgumentException thrown by org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils#validateListFilesParameters.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-345" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="mkresse">
+        Supply a hook method allowing Tailer actively determining stop condition.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-436" dev="ggregory" type="fix" due-to="christoph.schneegans">
+        Improper JavaDoc comment for FilenameUtils.indexOfExtension.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-437" dev="ggregory" type="add">
+        Make IOUtils.EOF public and reuse it in various classes.
+      </action>
+    </release>
+    <!-- The release date is the date RC is cut -->
+    <release version="2.4" date="2012-06-12" description="New features and bug fixes.">
+      <action issue="IO-343" dev="ggregory" type="fix" due-to="igorlash">
+        org.apache.commons.io.comparator Javadoc is inconsistent with real code.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-336" dev="ggregory" type="fix" due-to="rleavelle">
+        Yottabyte (YB) incorrectly defined in FileUtils.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-269" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="sebb">
+        Tailer locks file from deletion/rename on Windows.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-279" dev="sebb" type="fix" due-to="Sergio Bossa, Chris Baron">
+        Tailer erroneously considers file as new.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-335" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        Tailer#readLines - incorrect CR handling.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-334" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        FileUtils.toURLs throws NPE for null parameter; document the behavior.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-333" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="fmeschbe">
+        Export OSGi packages at version 1.x in addition to 2.x.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-320" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="ggregory">
+        Add XmlStreamReader support for UTF-32.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-331" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="ggregory">
+        BOMInputStream wrongly detects UTF-32LE_BOM files as UTF-16LE_BOM files in method getBOM().
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-332" dev="ggregory" type="fix" due-to="liangly">
+        Improve tailer's reading performance.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-279" dev="ggregory" type="fix">
+        Improve Tailer performance with buffered reads (see IO-332).
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-329" dev="ggregory" type="fix" due-to="tivv">
+        FileUtils.writeLines uses unbuffered IO.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-327" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="ggregory">
+        Add byteCountToDisplaySize(BigInteger).
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-326" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="ggregory, kinow">
+        Add new FileUtils.sizeOf[Directory] APIs to return BigInteger.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-325" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="raviprak">
+        Add IOUtils.toByteArray methods to work with URL and URI.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-324" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="raviprak">
+        Add missing Charset sister APIs to method that take a String charset name.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-319" dev="ggregory" type="fix" due-to="raviprak">
+        FileUtils.sizeOfDirectory follows symbolic links.
+      </action>
+    </release>
+    <!-- The release date is the date RC is cut -->
+    <release version="2.3" date="2012-April-10" description="New features and bug fixes.">
+      <action issue="IO-322" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="ggregory">
+        Add and use class Charsets.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-321" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="ggregory">
+        ByteOrderMark UTF_32LE is incorrect.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-318" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="ggregory">
+        Add Charset sister APIs to method that take a String charset name.
+      </action>
+    </release>
+    <release version="2.2" date="2012-March-26" description="New features and bug fixes.">
+      <action issue="IO-313" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="ggregory">
+        Add IOUTils.toBufferedReader(Reader)
+      </action>
+      <!-- Note: the issue was not raised by Manoj, but arose from IO-305 and tests he performed -->
+      <action issue="IO-308" dev="sebb" type="add" due-to="Manoj Mokashi">
+        Allow applications to provide buffer (or size) for copyLarge methods.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-311" dev="sebb" type="fix" due-to="Robert Muir">
+        IOUtils.read(InputStream/Reader) ignores the offset parameter
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-312" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        CharSequenceInputStream(CharSequence s, Charset charset, int bufferSize) ignores bufferSize
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-305" dev="sebb" type="add" due-to="Manoj Mokashi">
+        New copyLarge() method in IOUtils that takes additional offset, length arguments
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-300" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        FileUtils.moveDirectoryToDirectory removes source directory if destination is a sub-directory
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-307" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        ReaderInputStream#read(byte[] b, int off, int len) should check for valid parameters
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-287" dev="bayard" type="add" due-to="Ron Kuris, Gary Gregory">
+        Use terabyte (TB), petabyte (PB) and exabyte (EB) in FileUtils.byteCountToDisplaySize(long size)
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-306" dev="sebb" type="fix">
+        ReaderInputStream#read(byte[] b, int off, int len) should always return 0 for length == 0
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-173" dev="sebb" type="add" due-to="Marcos Vinícius da Silva">
+        FileUtils.listFiles() doesn't return directories
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-276" dev="sebb" type="fix" due-to="nkami">
+        "FileUtils#deleteDirectoryOnExit(File)" does not work
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-273" dev="sebb" type="fix" due-to="sebb">
+        BoundedInputStream.read() treats max differently from BoundedInputStream.read(byte[]...)
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-297" dev="sebb" type="add" due-to="Oleg Kalnichevski">
+        CharSequenceInputStream to efficiently stream content of a CharSequence
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-296" dev="sebb" type="update" due-to="Oleg Kalnichevski">
+        ReaderInputStream optimization: more efficient reading of small chunks of data
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-298" dev="sebb" type="fix" due-to="Christian Schulte">
+        Various methods of class 'org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils' incorrectly suppress 'java.io.IOException'
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-304" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="liangly">
+        The second constructor of Tailer class does not pass 'delay' to the third one
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-303" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="fabian.barney">
+        TeeOutputStream does not call branch.close() when main.close() throws an exception
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-302" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="jsteuerwald, detinho">
+        ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException in BOMInputStream when reading a file without BOM multiple times
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-301" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="kaykay.unique">
+        Add IOUtils.closeQuietly(Selector) necessary
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-292" dev="sebb" type="add" due-to="sebb">
+        IOUtils.closeQuietly() should take a ServerSocket as a parameter
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-290" dev="sebb" type="add" due-to="sebb">
+        Add read/readFully methods to IOUtils
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-288" dev="sebb" type="add" due-to="Georg Henzler">
+        Supply a ReversedLinesFileReader
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-291" dev="ggregory" type="add" due-to="ggregory">
+        Add new function FileUtils.directoryContains.
+      </action>
+      <action issue="IO-275" dev="sebb" type="add" due-to="CJ Aspromgos">
+        FileUtils.contentEquals and IOUtils.contentEquals - Add option to ignore "line endings"
+        Added contentEqualsIgnoreEOL methods to both classes
+      </action>
+    </release>
+    <release version="2.1" date="2011-Sep-28" description="New features and bug fixes.">
+      <action dev="ggregory" type="add" issue="IO-285" due-to="ggregory">
+        Use standard Maven directory layout
+      </action>
+      <action dev="ggregory" type="add" issue="IO-284" due-to="ggregory">
+        Add IOUtils API toString for URL and URI to get contents
+      </action>
+      <action dev="ggregory" type="add" issue="IO-282" due-to="ggregory">
+        Add API FileUtils.copyFile(File input, OutputStream output)
+      </action>
+      <action dev="sebb" type="fix" issue="IO-280" due-to="sebb">
+        Dubious use of mkdirs() return code
+      </action>
+      <action type="fix" issue="IO-277">
+        ReaderInputStream enters infinite loop when it encounters an unmappable character
+      </action>
+      <action type="fix" issue="IO-264">
+        FileUtils.moveFile() JavaDoc should specify FileExistsException thrown
+      </action>
+      <action type="add" issue="IO-262">
+        FileAlterationObserver has no getter for FileFilter
+      </action>
+      <action type="add" issue="IO-261">
+        Add FileUtils.getFile API with varargs parameter
+      </action>
+      <action type="fix" issue="IO-260">
+        ClassLoaderObjectInputStream does not handle Proxy classes
+      </action>
+      <action type="update" issue="IO-259">
+        FileAlterationMonitor.stop(boolean allowIntervalToFinish)
+      </action>
+      <action type="add" issue="IO-182">
+        Add new APPEND parameter for writing string into files
+      </action>
+      <action dev="sebb" type="fix" issue="IO-274" due-to="Frank Grimes">
+        Tailer returning partial lines when reaching EOF before EOL
+      </action>
+      <action dev="sebb" type="fix" issue="IO-266" due-to="Igor Smereka">
+        FileUtils.copyFile() throws IOException when copying large files to a shared directory (on Windows)
+      </action>
+      <action dev="sebb" type="fix" issue="IO-263" due-to="Gil Adam">
+        FileSystemUtils.freeSpaceKb throws exception for Windows volumes with no visible files.
+        Improve coverage by also looking for hidden files.
+      </action>
+      <action dev="sebb" type="add" issue="IO-251" due-to="Marco Albini">
+        Add new read method "toByteArray" to handle InputStream with known size.
+      </action>
+
+    </release>
+
+    <release version="2.0.1" date="2010-Dec-26">
+      <action type="update">
+        TODO: Convert RELEASE-NOTES.txt from 2.0.1?
+      </action>
+    </release>
+
+    <release version="2.0" date="2010-Oct-18">
+      <action type="update">
+        TODO: Convert RELEASE-NOTES.txt from 2.0?
+      </action>
+    </release>
+
+    <release version="1.4" date="2008-Jan-21">
+      <action type="update">
+        TODO: Convert RELEASE-NOTES.txt from 1.4?
+      </action>
+    </release>
+
+    <release version="1.3.2" date="2007-Jul-02" description="Bug fixes.">
+      <action dev="jochen" type="fix" issue="IO-115">
+        Some tests, which are implicitly assuming a Unix-like file
+        system, are now skipped on Windows.
+      </action>
+      <action dev="jochen" type="fix" issue="IO-116">
+        Created the FileCleaningTracker, basically a non-static
+        version of the FileCleaner, which can be controlled by
+        the user.
+      </action>
+      <action dev="bayard" type="fix" issue="IO-117" due-to="Hiroshi Ikeda">
+        EndianUtils - both readSwappedUnsignedInteger(...) methods could
+        return negative numbers due to int/long casting.
+      </action>
+    </release>
+  </body>
+</document>

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/changes/release-notes.vm

@@ -0,0 +1,1029 @@
+## Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+## or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+## distributed with this work for additional information
+## regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+## to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+## "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+## with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+##
+##  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+##
+## Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+## software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+## "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+## KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+## specific language governing permissions and limitations
+## under the License.
+
+Apache Commons IO 
+Version ${version}
+Release Notes
+
+INTRODUCTION:
+
+Commons IO is a package of Java utility classes like java.io.  
+Classes in this package are considered to be so standard and of such high 
+reuse as to justify existence in java.io.
+
+$introduction.replaceAll("(?<!\015)\012", "
+")
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version ${version}
+==============================================================================
+##
+## N.B. the available variables are described here:
+## http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-changes-plugin/examples/using-a-custom-announcement-template.html
+##
+## Hack to improve layout: replace all pairs of spaces with a single new-line
+$release.description.replaceAll("  ", "
+")
+
+##
+#if ($release.getActions().size() == 0)
+No changes defined in this version.
+#else
+Changes in this version include:
+
+## indent to be used if there is no issue attribute.
+## should be the same as the indent in the changes.xml file
+## less 2 spaces for the 'o' and trailing space
+#set($indent='          ')
+#if ($release.getActions('add').size() !=0)
+New features:
+#foreach($actionItem in $release.getActions('add'))
+## Use replaceAll to fix up LF-only line ends on Windows.
+#set($action=$actionItem.getAction().replaceAll("\n","
+"))
+#if ($actionItem.getIssue())
+#set($issue=$actionItem.getIssue())
+#else
+#set($issue="")
+#end
+#if ($actionItem.getDueTo())
+#set($dueto=$actionItem.getDueTo())
+#else
+#set($dueto="")
+#end
+o#if($!issue != "") $issue: #else$indent#end ${action} #if($!dueto != "")Thanks to $dueto. #end
+
+#set($issue="")
+#set($dueto="")
+#end 
+#end
+
+#if ($release.getActions('fix').size() !=0)
+Fixed Bugs:
+#foreach($actionItem in $release.getActions('fix'))
+## Use replaceAll to fix up LF-only line ends on Windows.
+#set($action=$actionItem.getAction().replaceAll("\n","
+"))
+#if ($actionItem.getIssue())
+#set($issue=$actionItem.getIssue())
+#else
+#set($issue="")
+#end
+#if ($actionItem.getDueTo())
+#set($dueto=$actionItem.getDueTo())
+#else
+#set($dueto="")
+#end
+o#if($!issue != "") $issue: #else$indent#end ${action} #if($!dueto != "")Thanks to $dueto. #end
+
+#set($issue="")
+#set($dueto="")
+#end
+#end
+
+#if ($release.getActions('update').size() !=0)
+Changes:
+#foreach($actionItem in $release.getActions('update'))
+## Use replaceAll to fix up LF-only line ends on Windows.
+#set($action=$actionItem.getAction().replaceAll("\n","
+"))
+#if ($actionItem.getIssue())
+#set($issue=$actionItem.getIssue())
+#else
+#set($issue="")
+#end
+#if ($actionItem.getDueTo())
+#set($dueto=$actionItem.getDueTo())
+#else
+#set($dueto="")
+#end
+o#if($!issue != "") $issue: #else$indent#end ${action} #if($!dueto != "")Thanks to $dueto. #end
+
+#set($issue="")
+#set($dueto="")
+#end
+#end
+
+#if ($release.getActions('remove').size() !=0)
+Removed:
+#foreach($actionItem in $release.getActions('remove'))
+## Use replaceAll to fix up LF-only line ends on Windows.
+#set($action=$actionItem.getAction().replaceAll("\n","
+"))
+#if ($actionItem.getIssue())
+#set($issue=$actionItem.getIssue())
+#else
+#set($issue="")
+#end
+#if ($actionItem.getDueTo())
+#set($dueto=$actionItem.getDueTo())
+#else
+#set($dueto="")
+#end
+o#if($!issue != "") $issue: #else$indent#end ${action} #if($!dueto != "")Thanks to $dueto. #end
+##
+#set($issue="")
+#set($dueto="")
+#end
+#end
+## End of main loop
+#end
+##
+Compatibility with 2.4:
+Binary compatible: Yes.
+Source compatible: Yes.
+Semantic compatible: Yes.
+
+Compatibility with 2.2 and 1.4:
+Binary compatible: Yes.
+Source compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+Semantic compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+
+Commons IO 2.5 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.4 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.3 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.2 requires JDK 1.5 or later.
+Commons IO 1.4 requires JDK 1.3 or later.
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 2.4
+==============================================================================
+
+Changes in this version include:
+
+New features:
+o IO-269:  Tailer locks file from deletion/rename on Windows. Thanks to
+sebb.
+o IO-333:  Export OSGi packages at version 1.x in addition to 2.x. Thanks
+to fmeschbe.
+o IO-320:  Add XmlStreamReader support for UTF-32. Thanks to ggregory.
+o IO-331:  BOMInputStream wrongly detects UTF-32LE_BOM files as
+UTF-16LE_BOM files in method getBOM(). Thanks to ggregory.
+o IO-327:  Add byteCountToDisplaySize(BigInteger). Thanks to ggregory.
+o IO-326:  Add new FileUtils.sizeOf[Directory] APIs to return BigInteger.
+Thanks to ggregory.
+o IO-325:  Add IOUtils.toByteArray methods to work with URL and URI. Thanks
+to raviprak.
+o IO-324:  Add missing Charset sister APIs to method that take a String
+charset name. Thanks to raviprak.
+
+Fixed Bugs:
+o IO-336:  Yottabyte (YB) incorrectly defined in FileUtils. Thanks to
+rleavelle.
+o IO-279:  Tailer erroneously considers file as new. Thanks to Sergio
+Bossa, Chris Baron.
+o IO-335:  Tailer#readLines - incorrect CR handling.
+o IO-334:  FileUtils.toURLs throws NPE for null parameter; document the
+behavior.
+o IO-332:  Improve tailer's reading performance. Thanks to liangly.
+o IO-279:  Improve Tailer performance with buffered reads (see IO-332).
+o IO-329:  FileUtils.writeLines uses unbuffered IO. Thanks to tivv.
+o IO-319:  FileUtils.sizeOfDirectory follows symbolic links. Thanks to
+raviprak.
+
+
+Compatibility with 2.3:
+Binary compatible: Yes.
+Source compatible: Yes.
+Semantic compatible: Yes.
+
+Compatibility with 2.2 and 1.4:
+Binary compatible: Yes.
+Source compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+Semantic compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+
+Commons IO 2.4 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.3 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.2 requires JDK 1.5 or later.
+Commons IO 1.4 requires JDK 1.3 or later.
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 2.3
+==============================================================================
+
+Changes in this version include:
+
+New features:
+o IO-322:  Add and use class Charsets. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o IO-321:  ByteOrderMark UTF_32LE is incorrect. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o IO-318:  Add Charset sister APIs to method that take a String charset name. Thanks to ggregory. 
+
+Compatibility with 2.2 and 1.4:
+Binary compatible: Yes.
+Source compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+Semantic compatible: No, see the rare case in https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-318.
+
+Commons IO 2.3 requires JDK 1.6 or later.
+Commons IO 2.2 requires JDK 1.5 or later.
+Commons IO 1.4 requires JDK 1.3 or later.
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 2.2
+==============================================================================
+
+Changes in this version include:
+
+New features:
+o Add IOUTils.toBufferedReader(Reader)  Issue: IO-313. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o Allow applications to provide buffer (or size) for copyLarge methods.  Issue: IO-308. Thanks to Manoj Mokashi. 
+o New copyLarge() method in IOUtils that takes additional offset, length arguments  Issue: IO-305. Thanks to Manoj Mokashi. 
+o Use terabyte (TB), petabyte (PB) and exabyte (EB) in FileUtils.byteCountToDisplaySize(long size)  Issue: IO-287. Thanks to Ron Kuris, Gary Gregory. 
+o FileUtils.listFiles() doesn't return directories  Issue: IO-173. Thanks to Marcos Vin�cius da Silva. 
+o CharSequenceInputStream to efficiently stream content of a CharSequence  Issue: IO-297. Thanks to Oleg Kalnichevski. 
+o The second constructor of Tailer class does not pass 'delay' to the third one  Issue: IO-304. Thanks to liangly. 
+o TeeOutputStream does not call branch.close() when main.close() throws an exception  Issue: IO-303. Thanks to fabian.barney. 
+o ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException in BOMInputStream when reading a file without BOM multiple times  Issue: IO-302. Thanks to jsteuerwald, detinho. 
+o Add IOUtils.closeQuietly(Selector) necessary  Issue: IO-301. Thanks to kaykay.unique. 
+o IOUtils.closeQuietly() should take a ServerSocket as a parameter  Issue: IO-292. Thanks to sebb. 
+o Add read/readFully methods to IOUtils  Issue: IO-290. Thanks to sebb. 
+o Supply a ReversedLinesFileReader  Issue: IO-288. Thanks to Georg Henzler. 
+o Add new function FileUtils.directoryContains.  Issue: IO-291. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o FileUtils.contentEquals and IOUtils.contentEquals - Add option to ignore "line endings"
+        Added contentEqualsIgnoreEOL methods to both classes  Issue: IO-275. Thanks to CJ Aspromgos. 
+
+Fixed Bugs:
+o IOUtils.read(InputStream/Reader) ignores the offset parameter  Issue: IO-311. Thanks to Robert Muir. 
+o CharSequenceInputStream(CharSequence s, Charset charset, int bufferSize) ignores bufferSize  Issue: IO-312. 
+o FileUtils.moveDirectoryToDirectory removes source directory if destination is a subdirectory  Issue: IO-300. 
+o ReaderInputStream#read(byte[] b, int off, int len) should check for valid parameters  Issue: IO-307. 
+o ReaderInputStream#read(byte[] b, int off, int len) should always return 0 for length == 0  Issue: IO-306. 
+o "FileUtils#deleteDirectoryOnExit(File)" does not work  Issue: IO-276. Thanks to nkami. 
+o BoundedInputStream.read() treats max differently from BoundedInputStream.read(byte[]...)  Issue: IO-273. Thanks to sebb. 
+o Various methods of class 'org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils' incorrectly suppress 'java.io.IOException'  Issue: IO-298. Thanks to Christian Schulte. 
+
+Changes:
+o ReaderInputStream optimization: more efficient reading of small chunks of data  Issue: IO-296. Thanks to Oleg Kalnichevski. 
+
+
+Compatibility with 2.1 and 1.4:
+Binary compatible: Yes
+Source compatible: Yes
+Semantic compatible: Yes. Check the bug fixes section for semantic bug fixes
+
+Commons IO 2.2 requires a minimum of JDK 1.5. 
+Commons IO 1.4 requires a minimum of JDK 1.3. 
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 2.1
+==============================================================================
+
+New features:
+o Use standard Maven directory layout  Issue: IO-285. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o Add IOUtils API toString for URL and URI to get contents  Issue: IO-284. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o Add API FileUtils.copyFile(File input, OutputStream output)  Issue: IO-282. Thanks to ggregory. 
+o FileAlterationObserver has no getter for FileFilter  Issue: IO-262. 
+o Add FileUtils.getFile API with varargs parameter  Issue: IO-261. 
+o Add new APPEND parameter for writing string into files  Issue: IO-182. 
+o Add new read method "toByteArray" to handle InputStream with known size.  Issue: IO-251. Thanks to Marco Albini. 
+
+Fixed Bugs:
+o Dubious use of mkdirs() return code  Issue: IO-280. Thanks to sebb. 
+o ReaderInputStream enters infinite loop when it encounters an unmappable character  Issue: IO-277. 
+o FileUtils.moveFile() JavaDoc should specify FileExistsException thrown  Issue: IO-264. 
+o ClassLoaderObjectInputStream does not handle Proxy classes  Issue: IO-260. 
+o Tailer returning partial lines when reaching EOF before EOL  Issue: IO-274. Thanks to Frank Grimes. 
+o FileUtils.copyFile() throws IOException when copying large files to a shared directory (on Windows)  Issue: IO-266. Thanks to Igor Smereka. 
+o FileSystemUtils.freeSpaceKb throws exception for Windows volumes with no visible files.
+        Improve coverage by also looking for hidden files.  Issue: IO-263. Thanks to Gil Adam. 
+
+Changes:
+o FileAlterationMonitor.stop(boolean allowIntervalToFinish)  Issue: IO-259. 
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Package 2.0.1
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 2.0 and 1.4
+------------------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+  Check the bug fixes section for semantic bug fixes
+
+Commons IO 2.0.1 requires a minimum of JDK 1.5
+ (Commons IO 1.4 had a minimum of JDK 1.3) 
+
+Enhancements from 2.0
+---------------------
+
+   * [IO-256] - Provide thread factory for FileAlternationMonitor
+
+Bug fixes from 2.0
+------------------
+
+   * [IO-257] - BOMInputStream.read(byte[]) can return 0 which it should not
+   * [IO-258] - XmlStreamReader consumes the stream during encoding detection
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Package 2.0
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.4
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+  Check the bug fixes section for semantic bug fixes
+
+Commons IO 2.0 requires a minimum of JDK 1.5
+ (Commons IO 1.4 had a minimum of JDK 1.3) 
+
+Deprecations from 1.4
+---------------------
+
+- IOUtils
+  - write(StringBuffer, Writer) in favour of write(CharSequence, Writer)
+  - write(StringBuffer, OutputStream)  in favour of write(CharSequence, OutputStream)
+  - write(StringBuffer, OutputStream, String) in favour of write(CharSequence, OutputStream, String)
+
+- FileFilterUtils
+  - andFileFilter(IOFileFilter, IOFileFilter) in favour of and(IOFileFilter...) 
+  - orFileFilter(IOFileFilter, IOFileFilter)  in favour of or(IOFileFilter...)
+
+Enhancements from 1.4
+---------------------
+
+  * [IO-140] Move minimum Java requirement from JDK 1.3 to JDK 1.5
+             - use Generics
+             - add new CharSequence write() flavour methods to IOUtils and FileUtils
+             - replace StringBuffer with StringBuilder, where appropriate
+             - add new Reader/Writer methods to ProxyReader and ProxyWriter
+             - Annotate with @Override and @Deprecated
+
+  * [IO-178] New BOMInputStream and ByteOrderMark implementations - to detect and optionally exclude an initial Byte Order mark (BOM)
+  * [IO-197] New BoundedInputStream (copied from from Apache JackRabbit)
+  * [IO-193] New Broken Input and Output streams
+  * [IO-132] New File Listener/Monitor facility
+  * [IO-158] New ReaderInputStream and WriterOutputStream implementations
+  * [IO-139] New StringBuilder Writer implementation
+  * [IO-192] New Tagged Input and Output streams
+  * [IO-177] New Tailer class - simple implementation of the Unix "tail -f" functionality
+  * [IO-162] New XML Stream Reader/Writer implementations (from ROME via plexus-utils)
+
+  * [IO-142] Comparators - add facility to sort file lists/arrays
+  * [IO-186] Comparators - new Composite and Directory File Comparator implementations
+  * [IO-176] DirectoryWalker - add filterDirectoryContents() callback method for filtering directory contents
+  * [IO-210] FileFilter - new Magic Number FileFilter
+  * [IO-221] FileFilterUtils - add methods for suffix and prefix filters which take an IOCase object
+  * [IO-232] FileFilterUtils - add method for name filters which take an IOCase object
+  * [IO-229] FileFilterUtils - add varargs and() and or() methods
+  * [IO-198] FileFilterUtils - add ability to apply file filters to collections and arrays
+  * [IO-156] FilenameUtils - add normalize() and normalizeNoEndSeparator() methods which allow the separator character to be specified
+  * [IO-194] FileSystemUtils - add freeSpaceKb() method with no input arguments
+  * [IO-185] FileSystemUtils - add freeSpaceKb() methods that take a timeout parameter - fixes freeSpaceWindows() blocks
+  * [IO-155] FileUtils - use NIO to copy files
+  * [IO-168] FileUtils - add new isSymlink() method
+  * [IO-219] FileUtils - throw FileExistsException when moving a file or directory if the destination already exists
+  * [IO-234] FileUtils - add Methods for retrieving System User/Temp directories/paths
+  * [IO-208] FileUtils - add timeout (connection and read) support for copyURLToFile() method 
+  * [IO-238] FileUtils - add sizeOf(File) method
+  * [IO-181] LineIterator now implements Iterable
+  * [IO-224] IOUtils - add closeQuietly(Closeable) and closeQuietly(Socket) methods
+  * [IO-203] IOUtils - add skipFully() method for InputStreams
+  * [IO-137] IOUtils and ByteArrayOutputStream - add toBufferedInputStream() method to avoid unnecessary array allocation/copy
+  * [IO-195] Proxy streams/Reader/Writer - provide exception handling methods
+  * [IO-211] Proxy Input/Output streams - add pre/post processing support
+  * [IO-242] Proxy Reader/Writer - add pre/post processing support
+
+Bug fixes from 1.4
+------------------
+  * [IO-214] ByteArrayOutputStream - fix inconsistent synchronization of fields
+  * [IO-201] Counting Input/Output streams - fix inconsistent synchronization
+  * [IO-159] FileCleaningTracker - fix remove() never returns null
+  * [IO-220] FileCleaningTracker - fix Vector performs badly under load
+  * [IO-167] FilenameUtils - fix case-insensitive string handling in FilenameUtils and FilesystemUtils
+  * [IO-179] FilenameUtils - fix StringIndexOutOfBounds exception in getPathNoEndSeparator()
+  * [IO-248] FilenameUtils - fix getFullPathNoEndSeparator() returns empty while path is a one level directory
+  * [IO-246] FilenameUtils - fix wildcardMatch gives incorrect results 
+  * [IO-187] FileSystemUtils - fix freeSpaceKb() doesn't work with relative paths on Linux
+  * [IO-160] FileSystemUtils - fix freeSpace() fails on solaris
+  * [IO-209] FileSystemUtils - fix freeSpaceKb() fails to return correct size for a windows mount point
+  * [IO-163] FileUtils - fix toURLs() using deprecated method of conversion to URL
+  * [IO-168] FileUtils - fix Symbolic links followed when deleting directory
+  * [IO-231] FileUtils - fix wrong exception message generated in isFileNewer() method
+  * [IO-207] FileUtils - fix race condition in forceMkdir() method
+  * [IO-217] FileUtils - fix copyDirectoryToDirectory() makes infinite loops
+  * [IO-166] FileUtils - fix URL decoding in toFile(URL)
+  * [IO-190] FileUtils - fix copyDirectory not preserving lastmodified date on sub-directories
+  * [IO-240] FileFilterUtils - ensure cvsFilter and svnFilter are only created once.
+  * [IO-175] IOUtils - fix copyFile() issues with very large files
+  * [IO-191] Improvements from static analysis
+  * [IO-216] LockableFileWriter - delete files quietly when an exception is thrown during initialization
+  * [IO-243] SwappedDataInputStream - fix readBoolean is inverted
+  * [IO-235] Tests - remove unused YellOnFlushAndCloseOutputStream from CopyUtilsTest
+  * [IO-161] Tests - fix FileCleaningTrackerTestCase hanging
+
+Documentation changes from 1.4
+------------------------------
+  * [IO-183 FilenameUtils.getExtension() method documentation improvements
+  * [IO-226 FileUtils.byteCountToDisplaySize() documentation corrections
+  * [IO-205 FileUtils.forceMkdir() documentation improvements
+  * [IO-215 FileUtils copy file/directory improve documentation regarding preserving the last modified date
+  * [IO-189 HexDump.dump() method documentation improvements
+  * [IO-171 IOCase document that it assumes there are only two OSes: Windows and Unix
+  * [IO-223 IOUtils.copy() documentation corrections
+  * [IO-247 IOUtils.closeQuietly() improve documentation with examples
+  * [IO-202 NotFileFilter documentation corrections
+  * [IO-206 ProxyInputStream - fix misleading parameter names
+  * [IO-212 ProxyInputStream.skip() documentation corrections
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.4
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.3.2
+------------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+  Check the bug fixes section for semantic bug fixes
+
+Commons IO 1.4 introduces four new implementations which depend on JDK 1.4 features
+(CharSequenceReader, FileWriterWithEncoding, IOExceptionWithCause and RegexFileFilter).
+It has been built with the JDK source and target options set to JDK 1.3 and, except for
+those implementations, can be used with JDK 1.3 (see IO IO-127).
+
+Deprecations from 1.3.2
+-----------------------
+- FileCleaner deprecated in favour of FileCleaningTracker [see IO-116]
+
+Bug fixes from 1.3.2
+--------------------
+- FileUtils
+  - forceDelete of orphaned Softlinks does not work [IO-147]
+  - Infinite loop on FileUtils.copyDirectory when the destination directory is within
+    the source directory [IO-141]
+  - Add a copyDirectory() method that makes use of FileFilter [IO-105]
+  - Add moveDirectory() and moveFile() methods [IO-77]
+
+- HexDump
+  - HexDump's use of static StringBuffers isn't thread-safe [IO-136]
+
+Enhancements from 1.3.2
+-----------------------
+- FileUtils
+  - Add a deleteQuietly method [IO-135]
+
+- FilenameUtils
+  - Add file name extension separator constants[IO-149]
+
+- IOExceptionWithCause [IO-148]
+  - Add a new IOException implementation with constructors which take a cause
+
+- TeeInputStream [IO-129]
+  - Add new Tee input stream implementation
+
+- FileWriterWithEncoding [IO-153]
+  - Add new File Writer implementation that accepts an encoding
+
+- CharSequenceReader [IO-138]
+  - Add new Reader implementation that handles any CharSequence (String,
+    StringBuffer, StringBuilder or CharBuffer) 
+
+- ThesholdingOuputStream [IO-121]
+  - Add a reset() method which sets the count of the bytes written back to zero.
+
+- DeferredFileOutputStream [IO-130]
+  - Add support for temporary files
+
+- ByteArrayOutputStream
+  - Add a new write(InputStream) method [IO-152]
+
+- New Closed Input/Output stream implementations [IO-122]
+  - AutoCloseInputStream - automatically closes and discards the underlying input stream
+  - ClosedInputStream - returns -1 for any read attempts
+  - ClosedOutputStream - throws an IOException for any write attempts
+  - CloseShieldInputStream - prevents the underlying input stream from being closed.
+  - CloseShieldOutputStream - prevents the underlying output stream from being closed.
+
+- Add Singleton Constants to several stream classes [IO-143]
+
+- PrefixFileFilter [IO-126]
+  - Add faciltiy to specify case sensitivity on prefix matching
+
+- SuffixFileFilter [IO-126]
+  - Add faciltiy to specify case sensitivity on suffix matching
+
+- RegexFileFilter [IO-74]
+  - Add new regular expression file filter implementation
+
+- Make IOFileFilter implementations Serializable [IO-131]
+
+- Improve IOFileFilter toString() methods [IO-120]
+
+- Make fields final so classes are immutable/threadsafe [IO-133]
+  - changes to Age, Delegate, Name, Not, Prefix, Regex, Size, Suffix and Wildcard IOFileFilter
+    implementations.
+
+- IOCase
+  - Add a compare method to IOCase [IO-144]
+
+- Add a package of java.util.Comparator implementations for files [IO-145]
+  - DefaultFileComparator - compare files using the default File.compareTo(File) method.
+  - ExtensionFileComparator - compares files using file name extensions.
+  - LastModifiedFileComparator - compares files using the last modified date/time.
+  - NameFileComparator - compares files using file names.
+  - PathFileComparator - compares files using file paths.
+  - SizeFileComparator - compares files using file sizes.
+  
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.3.2
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.3.1
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+
+Compatibility with 1.3
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - No
+  See [IO-113]
+
+Source compatible - No
+  See [IO-113]
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+
+Enhancements since 1.3.1
+------------------------
+
+- Created the FileCleaningTracker, basically a non-static version of the
+  FileCleaner, which can be controlled by the user. [IO-116]
+- The FileCleaner is deprecated.
+
+Bug fixes from 1.3.1
+--------------------
+
+- Some tests, which are implicitly assuming a Unix-like file system, are
+  now skipped on Windows. [IO-115]
+- EndianUtils
+  - Both readSwappedUnsignedInteger(...) methods could return negative 
+    numbers due to int/long casting. [IO-117]
+
+Bug fixes from 1.3
+------------------
+
+- FileUtils
+  - NPE in openOutputStream(File) when file has no parent in path [IO-112]
+  - readFileToString(File) is not static [IO-113]
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.3.1
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.3
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - No
+  See [IO-113]
+
+Source compatible - No
+  See [IO-113]
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+
+Bug fixes from 1.3
+------------------
+
+- FileUtils
+  - NPE in openOutputStream(File) when file has no parent in path [IO-112]
+  - readFileToString(File) is not static [IO-113]
+  
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.3
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.2
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+  Check the bug fixes section for semantic bug fixes
+
+Deprecations from 1.2
+---------------------
+- WildcardFilter deprecated, replaced by WildcardFileFilter
+  - old class only accepted files, thus had a confusing dual purpose
+
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpace deprecated, replaced by freeSpaceKb
+  - freeSpace returns a result that varies by operating system and
+    thus isn't that useful
+  - freeSpaceKb returns much better and more consistent results
+  - freeSpaceKb existed in v1.2, so this is a gentle cutover
+
+Bug fixes from 1.2
+------------------
+- LineIterator now implements Iterator
+  - It was always supposed to...
+
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpace/freeSpaceKb [IO-83]
+  - These should now work on AIX and HP-UX
+
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpace/freeSpaceKb [IO-90]
+  - Avoid infinite looping in Windows
+  - Catch more errors with nice messages
+
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpace [IO-91]
+  - This is now documented not to work on SunOS 5
+
+- FileSystemUtils [IO-93]
+  - Fixed resource leak leading to 'Too many open files' error
+  - Previously did not destroy Process instances (as JDK Javadoc is so poor)
+  - http://bugs.sun.com/bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=4801027
+
+- FileUtils.touch [IO-100]
+  - The touch method previously gave no indication when the file could not
+    be touched successfully (such as due to access restrictions) - it now
+    throws an IOException if the last modified date cannot be changed
+
+- FileCleaner
+  - This now handles the situation where an error occurs when deleting the file
+
+- IOUtils.copy [IO-84]
+  - Copy methods could return inaccurate byte/char count for large streams
+  - The copy(InputStream, OutputStream) method now returns -1 if the count is greater than an int
+  - The copy(Reader, Writer) method now throws now returns -1 if the count is greater than an int
+  - Added a new copyLarge(InputStream, OutputStream) method that returns a long
+  - Added a new copyLarge(Reader, Writer) method that returns a long
+
+- CountingInputStream/CountingOutputStream [IO-84]
+  - Methods were declared as int thus the count was innacurate for large streams
+  - new long based methods getByteCount()/resetByteCount() added
+  - existing methods changed to throw an exception if the count is greater than an int
+
+- FileBasedTestCase
+  - Fixed bug in compare content methods identified by GNU classpath
+
+- EndianUtils.writeSwappedLong(byte[], int) [IO-101]
+  - An int overrun in the bit shifting when it should have been a long
+
+- EndianUtils.writeSwappedLong(InputStream) [IO-102]
+  - The return of input.read(byte[]) was not being checked to ensure all 8 bytes were read
+
+Enhancements from 1.2
+---------------------
+- DirectoryWalker [IO-86]
+  - New class designed for subclassing to walk through a set of files.
+    DirectoryWalker provides the walk of the directories, filtering of
+    directories and files, and cancellation support. The subclass must provide
+    the specific behaviour, such as text searching or image processing.
+
+- IOCase
+  - New class/enumeration for case-sensitivity control
+
+- FilenameUtils
+  - New methods to handle case-sensitivity
+  - wildcardMatch - new method that has IOCase as a parameter
+  - equals - new method that has IOCase as a parameter
+
+- FileUtils [IO-108] - new default encoding methods for:
+  - readFileToString(File)
+  - readLines(File)
+  - lineIterator(File)
+  - writeStringToFile(File, String)
+  - writeLines(File, Collection)
+  - writeLines(File, Collection, String)
+
+- FileUtils.openOutputStream  [IO-107]
+  - new method to open a FileOutputStream, creating parent directories if required
+- FileUtils.touch
+- FileUtils.copyURLToFile
+- FileUtils.writeStringToFile
+- FileUtils.writeByteArrayToFile
+- FileUtils.writeLines
+  - enhanced to create parent directories if required
+- FileUtils.openInputStream  [IO-107]
+  - new method to open a FileInputStream, providing better error messages than the JDK
+
+- FileUtils.isFileOlder
+  - new methods to check if a file is older (i.e. isFileOlder()) - counterparts
+    to the existing isFileNewer() methods.
+
+- FileUtils.checksum, FileUtils.checksumCRC32
+  - new methods to create a checksum of a file
+
+- FileUtils.copyFileToDirectory  [IO-104]
+  - new variant that optionally retains the file date
+
+- FileDeleteStrategy
+- FileCleaner    [IO-56,IO-70]
+  - FileDeleteStrategy is a strategy for handling file deletion
+  - This can be used as a calback in FileCleaner
+  - Together these allow FileCleaner to do a forceDelete to kill directories
+
+- FileCleaner.exitWhenFinished [IO-99]
+  - A new method that allows the internal cleaner thread to be cleanly terminated
+
+- WildcardFileFilter
+  - Replacement for WildcardFilter
+  - Accepts both files and directories
+  - Ability to control case-sensitivity
+
+- NameFileFilter
+  - Ability to control case-sensitivity
+
+- FileFileFilter
+  - New IOFileFilter implementation
+  - Accepts files where File.isFile() is true
+  - In other words it filters out directories
+  - Singleton instance provided (FILE)
+
+- CanReadFileFilter
+  - New IOFileFilter implementation
+  - Accepts files where File.canRead() is true
+  - Singleton instances provided (CAN_READ/CANNOT_READ/READ_ONLY)
+
+- CanWriteFileFilter
+  - New IOFileFilter implementation
+  - Accepts files where File.canWrite() is true
+  - Singleton instances provided (CAN_WRITE/CANNOT_WRITE)
+
+- HiddenFileFilter
+  - New IOFileFilter implementation
+  - Accepts files where File.isHidden() is true
+  - Singleton instances provided (HIDDEN/VISIBLE)
+
+- EmptyFileFilter
+  - New IOFileFilter implementation
+  - Accepts files or directories that are empty
+  - Singleton instances provided (EMPTY/NOT_EMPTY)
+
+- TrueFileFilter/FalseFileFilter/DirectoryFileFilter
+  - New singleton instance constants (TRUE/FALSE/DIRECTORY)
+  - The new constants are more JDK 1.5 friendly with regards to static imports
+    (whereas if everything uses INSTANCE, then they just clash)
+  - The old INSTANCE constants are still present and have not been deprecated
+
+- FileFilterUtils.sizeRangeFileFilter
+  - new sizeRangeFileFilter(long minimumSize, long maximumSize) method which 
+    creates a filter that accepts files within the specified size range.
+
+- FileFilterUtils.makeDirectoryOnly/makeFileOnly
+  - two new methods that decorate a file filter to make it apply to
+    directories only or files only
+
+- NullWriter
+  - New writer that acts as a sink for all data, as per /dev/null
+
+- NullInputStream
+  - New input stream that emulates a stream of a specified size
+
+- NullReader
+  - New reader that emulates a reader of a specified size
+
+- ByteArrayOutputStream  [IO-97]
+  - Performance enhancements
+
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.2
+==============================================================================
+
+Compatibility with 1.1
+----------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes
+
+Deprecations from 1.1
+---------------------
+
+Bug fixes from 1.1
+------------------
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpace(drive)
+  Fix to allow Windows based command to function in French locale
+
+- FileUtils.read*
+  Increase certainty that files are closed in case of error
+
+- LockableFileWriter
+  Locking mechanism was broken and only provided limited protection [38942]
+  File deletion and locking in case of constructor error was broken
+
+Enhancements from 1.1
+---------------------
+- AgeFileFilter/SizeFileFilter
+  New file filters that compares against the age and size of the file
+
+- FileSystemUtils.freeSpaceKb(drive)
+  New method that unifies result to be in kilobytes [38574]
+
+- FileUtils.contentEquals(File,File)
+  Performance improved by adding length and file location checking
+
+- FileUtils.iterateFiles
+  Two new method to provide direct access to iterators over files
+
+- FileUtils.lineIterator
+  IOUtils.lineIterator
+  New methods to provide an iterator over the lines in a file [38083]
+
+- FileUtils.copyDirectoryToDirectory
+  New method to copy a directory to within another directory [36315]
+  
+==============================================================================
+Apache Commons IO Version 1.1
+==============================================================================
+
+Incompatible changes from 1.0
+-----------------------------
+Binary compatible - Yes
+
+Source compatible - Yes
+
+Semantic compatible - Yes, except:
+- FileUtils.writeStringToFile()
+    A null encoding previously used 'ISO-8859-1', now it uses the platform default
+    Generally this will make no difference
+
+- LockableFileWriter
+    Improved validation and now create directories if necesssary
+
+plus these bug fixes may affect you semantically:
+- FileUtils.touch()  (Bug fix 29821)
+    Now creates the file if it did not previously exist
+
+- FileUtils.toFile(URL) (Bug fix 32575)
+    Now handles escape syntax such as %20
+
+- FileUtils.sizeOfDirectory()  (Bug fix 36801)
+    May now return a size of 0 if the directory is security restricted
+
+Deprecations from 1.0
+---------------------
+- CopyUtils has been deprecated.
+    Its methods have been moved to IOUtils.
+    The new IOUtils methods handle nulls better, and have clearer names.
+
+- IOUtils.toByteArray(String) - Use {@link String#getBytes()}
+- IOUtils.toString(byte[]) - Use {@link String#String(byte[])}
+- IOUtils.toString(byte[],String) - Use {@link String#String(byte[],String)}
+
+Bug fixes from 1.0
+------------------
+- FileUtils - touch()  [29821]
+    Now creates the file if it did not previously exist
+
+- FileUtils - toFile(URL)  [32575]
+    Now handles escape syntax such as %20
+
+- FileFilterUtils - makeCVSAware(IOFileFilter)  [33023]
+    Fixed bug that caused method to be completely broken
+
+- CountingInputStream  [33336]
+    Fixed bug that caused the count to reduce by one at the end of the stream
+
+- CountingInputStream - skip(long)  [34311]
+    Bytes from calls to this method were not previously counted
+
+- NullOutputStream  [33481]
+    Remove unnecessary synchronization
+
+- AbstractFileFilter - accept(File, String)  [30992]
+    Fixed broken implementation
+
+- FileUtils  [36801]
+    Previously threw NPE when listing files in a security restricted directory
+    Now throw IOException with a better message
+
+- FileUtils - writeStringToFile()
+    Null encoding now correctly uses the platform default
+
+Enhancements from 1.0
+---------------------
+- FilenameUtils - new class  [33303,29351]
+    A static utility class for working with filenames
+    Seeks to ease the pain of developing on Windows and deploying on Unix
+
+- FileSystemUtils - new class  [32982,36325]
+    A static utility class for working with file systems
+    Provides one method at present, to get the free space on the filing system
+
+- IOUtils - new public constants
+    Constants for directory and line separators on Windows and Unix
+
+- IOUtils - toByteArray(Reader,encoding)
+    Handles encodings when reading to a byte array
+
+- IOUtils - toCharArray(InputStream)  [28979]
+          - toCharArray(InputStream,encoding)
+          - toCharArray(Reader)
+    Reads a stream/reader into a charatcter array
+
+- IOUtils - readLines(InputStream)  [36214]
+          - readLines(InputStream,encoding)
+          - readLines(Reader)
+    Reads a stream/reader line by line into a List of Strings
+
+- IOUtils - toInputStream(String)  [32958]
+          - toInputStream(String,encoding)
+    Creates an input stream that uses the string as a source of data
+
+- IOUtils - writeLines(Collection,lineEnding,OutputStream)  [36214]
+          - writeLines(Collection,lineEnding,OutputStream,encoding)
+          - writeLines(Collection,lineEnding,Writer)
+    Writes a collection to a stream/writer line by line
+
+- IOUtils - write(...)
+    Write data to a stream/writer (moved from CopyUtils with better null handling)
+
+- IOUtils - copy(...)
+    Copy data between streams (moved from CopyUtils with better null handling)
+
+- IOUtils - contentEquals(Reader,Reader)
+    Method to compare the contents of two readers
+
+- FileUtils - toFiles(URL[])
+    Converts an array of URLs to an array of Files
+
+- FileUtils - copyDirectory()  [32944]
+    New methods to copy a directory
+
+- FileUtils - readFileToByteArray(File)
+    Reads an entire file into a byte array
+
+- FileUtils - writeByteArrayToFile(File,byte[])
+    Writes a byte array to a file
+
+- FileUtils - readLines(File,encoding)  [36214]
+    Reads a file line by line into a List of Strings
+
+- FileUtils - writeLines(File,encoding,List)
+              writeLines(File,encoding,List,lineEnding)
+    Writes a collection to a file line by line
+
+- FileUtils - EMPTY_FILE_ARRAY
+    Constant for an empty array of File objects
+
+- ConditionalFileFilter - new interface  [30705]
+    Defines the behaviour of list based filters
+
+- AndFileFilter, OrFileFilter  [30705]
+    Now support a list of filters to and/or
+
+- WildcardFilter  [31115]
+    New filter that can match using wildcard file names
+
+- FileFilterUtils - makeSVNAware(IOFileFilter)
+    New method, like makeCVSAware, that ignores Subversion source control directories
+
+- ClassLoaderObjectInputStream
+    An ObjectInputStream that supports a ClassLoader
+
+- CountingInputStream,CountingOutputStream - resetCount()  [28976]
+    Adds the ability to reset the count part way through reading/writing the stream
+
+- DeferredFileOutputStream - writeTo(OutputStream)  [34173]
+    New method to allow current contents to be written to a stream
+
+- DeferredFileOutputStream  [34142]
+    Performance optimizations avoiding double buffering
+
+- LockableFileWriter - encoding support [36825]
+    Add support for character encodings to LockableFileWriter
+    Improve the validation
+    Create directories if necesssary
+
+- IOUtils and EndianUtils are no longer final  [28978]
+    Allows developers to have subclasses if desired   
+
+==============================================================================
+Feedback
+==============================================================================
+
+Open source works best when you give feedback:
+http://commons.apache.org/io/
+
+Please direct all bug reports to JIRA
+http://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO
+
+Or subscribe to the commons-user mailing list (prefix emails by [io])
+http://commons.apache.org/mail-lists.html
+
+The Commons-IO Team

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderMark.java

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+
+/**
+ * Byte Order Mark (BOM) representation - see {@link org.apache.commons.io.input.BOMInputStream}.
+ *
+ * @see org.apache.commons.io.input.BOMInputStream
+ * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark">Wikipedia: Byte Order Mark</a>
+ * @see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#sec-guessing">W3C: Autodetection of Character Encodings
+ *      (Non-Normative)</a>
+ * @version $Id: ByteOrderMark.java 1586504 2014-04-10 23:34:37Z ggregory $
+ * @since 2.0
+ */
+public class ByteOrderMark implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    /** UTF-8 BOM */
+    public static final ByteOrderMark UTF_8    = new ByteOrderMark("UTF-8",    0xEF, 0xBB, 0xBF);
+
+    /** UTF-16BE BOM (Big-Endian) */
+    public static final ByteOrderMark UTF_16BE = new ByteOrderMark("UTF-16BE", 0xFE, 0xFF);
+
+    /** UTF-16LE BOM (Little-Endian) */
+    public static final ByteOrderMark UTF_16LE = new ByteOrderMark("UTF-16LE", 0xFF, 0xFE);
+
+    /**
+     * UTF-32BE BOM (Big-Endian)
+     * @since 2.2
+     */
+    public static final ByteOrderMark UTF_32BE = new ByteOrderMark("UTF-32BE", 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0xFF);
+
+    /**
+     * UTF-32LE BOM (Little-Endian)
+     * @since 2.2
+     */
+    public static final ByteOrderMark UTF_32LE = new ByteOrderMark("UTF-32LE", 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00);
+
+    /**
+     * Unicode BOM character; external form depends on the encoding.
+     * @see <a href="http://unicode.org/faq/utf_bom.html#BOM">Byte Order Mark (BOM) FAQ</a>
+     * @since 2.5
+     */
+    public static final char UTF_BOM = '\uFEFF';
+
+    private final String charsetName;
+    private final int[] bytes;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a new BOM.
+     *
+     * @param charsetName The name of the charset the BOM represents
+     * @param bytes The BOM's bytes
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the charsetName is null or
+     * zero length
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the bytes are null or zero
+     * length
+     */
+    public ByteOrderMark(final String charsetName, final int... bytes) {
+        if (charsetName == null || charsetName.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No charsetName specified");
+        }
+        if (bytes == null || bytes.length == 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bytes specified");
+        }
+        this.charsetName = charsetName;
+        this.bytes = new int[bytes.length];
+        System.arraycopy(bytes, 0, this.bytes, 0, bytes.length);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the name of the {@link java.nio.charset.Charset} the BOM represents.
+     *
+     * @return the character set name
+     */
+    public String getCharsetName() {
+        return charsetName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the length of the BOM's bytes.
+     *
+     * @return the length of the BOM's bytes
+     */
+    public int length() {
+        return bytes.length;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The byte at the specified position.
+     *
+     * @param pos The position
+     * @return The specified byte
+     */
+    public int get(final int pos) {
+        return bytes[pos];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return a copy of the BOM's bytes.
+     *
+     * @return a copy of the BOM's bytes
+     */
+    public byte[] getBytes() {
+        final byte[] copy = new byte[bytes.length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+            copy[i] = (byte)bytes[i];
+        }
+        return copy;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates if this BOM's bytes equals another.
+     *
+     * @param obj The object to compare to
+     * @return true if the bom's bytes are equal, otherwise
+     * false
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(final Object obj) {
+        if (!(obj instanceof ByteOrderMark)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        final ByteOrderMark bom = (ByteOrderMark)obj;
+        if (bytes.length != bom.length()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+            if (bytes[i] != bom.get(i)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the hashcode for this BOM.
+     *
+     * @return the hashcode for this BOM.
+     * @see java.lang.Object#hashCode()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        int hashCode = getClass().hashCode();
+        for (final int b : bytes) {
+            hashCode += b;
+        }
+        return hashCode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Provide a String representation of the BOM.
+     *
+     * @return the length of the BOM's bytes
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        final StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+        builder.append(getClass().getSimpleName());
+        builder.append('[');
+        builder.append(charsetName);
+        builder.append(": ");
+        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+            if (i > 0) {
+                builder.append(",");
+            }
+            builder.append("0x");
+            builder.append(Integer.toHexString(0xFF & bytes[i]).toUpperCase());
+        }
+        builder.append(']');
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/Charsets.java

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.SortedMap;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+
+/**
+ * Charsets required of every implementation of the Java platform.
+ * 
+ * From the Java documentation <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html">
+ * Standard charsets</a>:
+ * <p>
+ * <cite>Every implementation of the Java platform is required to support the following character encodings. Consult
+ * the release documentation for your implementation to see if any other encodings are supported. Consult the release
+ * documentation for your implementation to see if any other encodings are supported. </cite>
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * <ul>
+ * <li><code>US-ASCII</code><br>
+ * Seven-bit ASCII, a.k.a. ISO646-US, a.k.a. the Basic Latin block of the Unicode character set.</li>
+ * <li><code>ISO-8859-1</code><br>
+ * ISO Latin Alphabet No. 1, a.k.a. ISO-LATIN-1.</li>
+ * <li><code>UTF-8</code><br>
+ * Eight-bit Unicode Transformation Format.</li>
+ * <li><code>UTF-16BE</code><br>
+ * Sixteen-bit Unicode Transformation Format, big-endian byte order.</li>
+ * <li><code>UTF-16LE</code><br>
+ * Sixteen-bit Unicode Transformation Format, little-endian byte order.</li>
+ * <li><code>UTF-16</code><br>
+ * Sixteen-bit Unicode Transformation Format, byte order specified by a mandatory initial byte-order mark (either order
+ * accepted on input, big-endian used on output.)</li>
+ * </ul>
+ * 
+ * @see <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html">Standard charsets</a>
+ * @since 2.3
+ * @version $Id: Charsets.java 1686747 2015-06-21 18:44:49Z krosenvold $
+ */
+public class Charsets {
+    //
+    // This class should only contain Charset instances for required encodings. This guarantees that it will load
+    // correctly and without delay on all Java platforms.
+    //
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a sorted map from canonical charset names to charset objects required of every implementation of the
+     * Java platform.
+     * <p>
+     * From the Java documentation <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html">
+     * Standard charsets</a>:
+     * </p>
+     * 
+     * @return An immutable, case-insensitive map from canonical charset names to charset objects.
+     * @see Charset#availableCharsets()
+     * @since 2.5
+     */
+    public static SortedMap<String, Charset> requiredCharsets() {
+        // maybe cache?
+        // TODO Re-implement on Java 7 to use java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets
+        final TreeMap<String, Charset> m = new TreeMap<String, Charset>(String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER);
+        m.put(ISO_8859_1.name(), ISO_8859_1);
+        m.put(US_ASCII.name(), US_ASCII);
+        m.put(UTF_16.name(), UTF_16);
+        m.put(UTF_16BE.name(), UTF_16BE);
+        m.put(UTF_16LE.name(), UTF_16LE);
+        m.put(UTF_8.name(), UTF_8);
+        return Collections.unmodifiableSortedMap(m);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the given Charset or the default Charset if the given Charset is null.
+     * 
+     * @param charset
+     *            A charset or null.
+     * @return the given Charset or the default Charset if the given Charset is null
+     */
+    public static Charset toCharset(final Charset charset) {
+        return charset == null ? Charset.defaultCharset() : charset;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a Charset for the named charset. If the name is null, return the default Charset.
+     * 
+     * @param charset
+     *            The name of the requested charset, may be null.
+     * @return a Charset for the named charset
+     * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException
+     *             If the named charset is unavailable
+     */
+    public static Charset toCharset(final String charset) {
+        return charset == null ? Charset.defaultCharset() : Charset.forName(charset);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CharEncodingISO Latin Alphabet No. 1, a.k.a. ISO-LATIN-1.
+     * <p>
+     * Every implementation of the Java platform is required to support this character encoding.
+     * </p>
+     * 
+     * @see <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html">Standard charsets</a>
+     * @deprecated Use Java 7's {@link java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets}
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static final Charset ISO_8859_1 = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Seven-bit ASCII, also known as ISO646-US, also known as the Basic Latin block of the Unicode character set.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * Every implementation of the Java platform is required to support this character encoding.
+     * </p>
+     * 
+     * @see <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html">Standard charsets</a>
+     * @deprecated Use Java 7's {@link java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets}
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static final Charset US_ASCII = Charset.forName("US-ASCII");
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Sixteen-bit Unicode Transformation Format, The byte order specified by a mandatory initial byte-order mark
+     * (either order accepted on input, big-endian used on output)
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * Every implementation of the Java platform is required to support this character encoding.
+     * </p>
+     * 
+     * @see <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html">Standard charsets</a>
+     * @deprecated Use Java 7's {@link java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets}
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static final Charset UTF_16 = Charset.forName("UTF-16");
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Sixteen-bit Unicode Transformation Format, big-endian byte order.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * Every implementation of the Java platform is required to support this character encoding.
+     * </p>
+     * 
+     * @see <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html">Standard charsets</a>
+     * @deprecated Use Java 7's {@link java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets}
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static final Charset UTF_16BE = Charset.forName("UTF-16BE");
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Sixteen-bit Unicode Transformation Format, little-endian byte order.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * Every implementation of the Java platform is required to support this character encoding.
+     * </p>
+     * 
+     * @see <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html">Standard charsets</a>
+     * @deprecated Use Java 7's {@link java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets}
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static final Charset UTF_16LE = Charset.forName("UTF-16LE");
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Eight-bit Unicode Transformation Format.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * Every implementation of the Java platform is required to support this character encoding.
+     * </p>
+     * 
+     * @see <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html">Standard charsets</a>
+     * @deprecated Use Java 7's {@link java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets}
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static final Charset UTF_8 = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.io.StringReader;
+import java.io.Writer;
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides static utility methods for buffered
+ * copying between sources (<code>InputStream</code>, <code>Reader</code>,
+ * <code>String</code> and <code>byte[]</code>) and destinations
+ * (<code>OutputStream</code>, <code>Writer</code>, <code>String</code> and
+ * <code>byte[]</code>).
+ * <p>
+ * Unless otherwise noted, these <code>copy</code> methods do <em>not</em>
+ * flush or close the streams. Often doing so would require making non-portable
+ * assumptions about the streams' origin and further use. This means that both
+ * streams' <code>close()</code> methods must be called after copying. if one
+ * omits this step, then the stream resources (sockets, file descriptors) are
+ * released when the associated Stream is garbage-collected. It is not a good
+ * idea to rely on this mechanism. For a good overview of the distinction
+ * between "memory management" and "resource management", see
+ * <a href="http://www.unixreview.com/articles/1998/9804/9804ja/ja.htm">this
+ * UnixReview article</a>.
+ * <p>
+ * For byte-to-char methods, a <code>copy</code> variant allows the encoding
+ * to be selected (otherwise the platform default is used). We would like to
+ * encourage you to always specify the encoding because relying on the platform
+ * default can lead to unexpected results.
+ * <p>
+ * We don't provide special variants for the <code>copy</code> methods that
+ * let you specify the buffer size because in modern VMs the impact on speed
+ * seems to be minimal. We're using a default buffer size of 4 KB.
+ * <p>
+ * The <code>copy</code> methods use an internal buffer when copying. It is
+ * therefore advisable <em>not</em> to deliberately wrap the stream arguments
+ * to the <code>copy</code> methods in <code>Buffered*</code> streams. For
+ * example, don't do the following:
+ * <pre>
+ *  copy( new BufferedInputStream( in ), new BufferedOutputStream( out ) );
+ *  </pre>
+ * The rationale is as follows:
+ * <p>
+ * Imagine that an InputStream's read() is a very expensive operation, which
+ * would usually suggest wrapping in a BufferedInputStream. The
+ * BufferedInputStream works by issuing infrequent
+ * {@link java.io.InputStream#read(byte[] b, int off, int len)} requests on the
+ * underlying InputStream, to fill an internal buffer, from which further
+ * <code>read</code> requests can inexpensively get their data (until the buffer
+ * runs out).
+ * <p>
+ * However, the <code>copy</code> methods do the same thing, keeping an
+ * internal buffer, populated by
+ * {@link InputStream#read(byte[] b, int off, int len)} requests. Having two
+ * buffers (or three if the destination stream is also buffered) is pointless,
+ * and the unnecessary buffer management hurts performance slightly (about 3%,
+ * according to some simple experiments).
+ * <p>
+ * Behold, intrepid explorers; a map of this class:
+ * <pre>
+ *       Method      Input               Output          Dependency
+ *       ------      -----               ------          -------
+ * 1     copy        InputStream         OutputStream    (primitive)
+ * 2     copy        Reader              Writer          (primitive)
+ *
+ * 3     copy        InputStream         Writer          2
+ *
+ * 4     copy        Reader              OutputStream    2
+ *
+ * 5     copy        String              OutputStream    2
+ * 6     copy        String              Writer          (trivial)
+ *
+ * 7     copy        byte[]              Writer          3
+ * 8     copy        byte[]              OutputStream    (trivial)
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * Note that only the first two methods shuffle bytes; the rest use these
+ * two, or (if possible) copy using native Java copy methods. As there are
+ * method variants to specify the encoding, each row may
+ * correspond to up to 2 methods.
+ * <p>
+ * Origin of code: Excalibur.
+ *
+ * @version $Id: CopyUtils.java 1680650 2015-05-20 18:36:40Z britter $
+ * @deprecated Use IOUtils. Will be removed in 2.0.
+ *  Methods renamed to IOUtils.write() or IOUtils.copy().
+ *  Null handling behaviour changed in IOUtils (null data does not
+ *  throw NullPointerException).
+ */
+@Deprecated
+public class CopyUtils {
+
+    /**
+     * The default size of the buffer.
+     */
+    private static final int DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024 * 4;
+
+    /**
+     * Instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.
+     */
+    public CopyUtils() { }
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+    // byte[] -> OutputStream
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    /**
+     * Copy bytes from a <code>byte[]</code> to an <code>OutputStream</code>.
+     * @param input the byte array to read from
+     * @param output the <code>OutputStream</code> to write to
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static void copy(final byte[] input, final OutputStream output)
+            throws IOException {
+        output.write(input);
+    }
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+    // byte[] -> Writer
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    /**
+     * Copy and convert bytes from a <code>byte[]</code> to chars on a
+     * <code>Writer</code>.
+     * The platform's default encoding is used for the byte-to-char conversion.
+     * @param input the byte array to read from
+     * @param output the <code>Writer</code> to write to
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @deprecated 2.5 use {@link #copy(byte[], Writer, String)} instead
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static void copy(final byte[] input, final Writer output)
+            throws IOException {
+        final ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(input);
+        copy(in, output);
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Copy and convert bytes from a <code>byte[]</code> to chars on a
+     * <code>Writer</code>, using the specified encoding.
+     * @param input the byte array to read from
+     * @param output the <code>Writer</code> to write to
+     * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
+     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
+     * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static void copy(
+            final byte[] input,
+            final Writer output,
+            final String encoding)
+                throws IOException {
+        final ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(input);
+        copy(in, output, encoding);
+    }
+
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Core copy methods
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    /**
+     * Copy bytes from an <code>InputStream</code> to an
+     * <code>OutputStream</code>.
+     * @param input the <code>InputStream</code> to read from
+     * @param output the <code>OutputStream</code> to write to
+     * @return the number of bytes copied
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static int copy(
+            final InputStream input,
+            final OutputStream output)
+                throws IOException {
+        final byte[] buffer = new byte[DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
+        int count = 0;
+        int n = 0;
+        while (-1 != (n = input.read(buffer))) {
+            output.write(buffer, 0, n);
+            count += n;
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Reader -> Writer
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    /**
+     * Copy chars from a <code>Reader</code> to a <code>Writer</code>.
+     * @param input the <code>Reader</code> to read from
+     * @param output the <code>Writer</code> to write to
+     * @return the number of characters copied
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static int copy(
+            final Reader input,
+            final Writer output)
+                throws IOException {
+        final char[] buffer = new char[DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
+        int count = 0;
+        int n = 0;
+        while (-1 != (n = input.read(buffer))) {
+            output.write(buffer, 0, n);
+            count += n;
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+    // InputStream -> Writer
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    /**
+     * Copy and convert bytes from an <code>InputStream</code> to chars on a
+     * <code>Writer</code>.
+     * The platform's default encoding is used for the byte-to-char conversion.
+     * @param input the <code>InputStream</code> to read from
+     * @param output the <code>Writer</code> to write to
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @deprecated 2.5 use {@link #copy(InputStream, Writer, String)} instead
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static void copy(
+            final InputStream input,
+            final Writer output)
+                throws IOException {
+        // make explicit the dependency on the default encoding
+        final InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(input, Charset.defaultCharset());
+        copy(in, output);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Copy and convert bytes from an <code>InputStream</code> to chars on a
+     * <code>Writer</code>, using the specified encoding.
+     * @param input the <code>InputStream</code> to read from
+     * @param output the <code>Writer</code> to write to
+     * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
+     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
+     * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static void copy(
+            final InputStream input,
+            final Writer output,
+            final String encoding)
+                throws IOException {
+        final InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(input, encoding);
+        copy(in, output);
+    }
+
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Reader -> OutputStream
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    /**
+     * Serialize chars from a <code>Reader</code> to bytes on an
+     * <code>OutputStream</code>, and flush the <code>OutputStream</code>.
+     * Uses the default platform encoding.
+     * @param input the <code>Reader</code> to read from
+     * @param output the <code>OutputStream</code> to write to
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @deprecated 2.5 use {@link #copy(Reader, OutputStream, String)} instead
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static void copy(
+            final Reader input,
+            final OutputStream output)
+                throws IOException {
+        // make explicit the dependency on the default encoding
+        final OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(output, Charset.defaultCharset());
+        copy(input, out);
+        // XXX Unless anyone is planning on rewriting OutputStreamWriter, we
+        // have to flush here.
+        out.flush();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Serialize chars from a <code>Reader</code> to bytes on an
+     * <code>OutputStream</code>, and flush the <code>OutputStream</code>.
+     * @param input the <code>Reader</code> to read from
+     * @param output the <code>OutputStream</code> to write to
+     * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
+     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
+     * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @since 2.5
+     */
+    public static void copy(
+            final Reader input,
+            final OutputStream output,
+            final String encoding)
+                throws IOException {
+        final OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(output, encoding);
+        copy(input, out);
+        // XXX Unless anyone is planning on rewriting OutputStreamWriter, we
+        // have to flush here.
+        out.flush();
+    }
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+    // String -> OutputStream
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    /**
+     * Serialize chars from a <code>String</code> to bytes on an
+     * <code>OutputStream</code>, and
+     * flush the <code>OutputStream</code>.
+     * Uses the platform default encoding.
+     * @param input the <code>String</code> to read from
+     * @param output the <code>OutputStream</code> to write to
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @deprecated 2.5 use {@link #copy(String, OutputStream, String)} instead
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static void copy(
+            final String input,
+            final OutputStream output)
+                throws IOException {
+        final StringReader in = new StringReader(input);
+        // make explicit the dependency on the default encoding
+        final OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(output, Charset.defaultCharset());
+        copy(in, out);
+        // XXX Unless anyone is planning on rewriting OutputStreamWriter, we
+        // have to flush here.
+        out.flush();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Serialize chars from a <code>String</code> to bytes on an
+     * <code>OutputStream</code>, and
+     * flush the <code>OutputStream</code>.
+     * @param input the <code>String</code> to read from
+     * @param output the <code>OutputStream</code> to write to
+     * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
+     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
+     * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @since 2.5
+     */
+    public static void copy(
+            final String input,
+            final OutputStream output,
+            final String encoding)
+                throws IOException {
+        final StringReader in = new StringReader(input);
+        final OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(output, encoding);
+        copy(in, out);
+        // XXX Unless anyone is planning on rewriting OutputStreamWriter, we
+        // have to flush here.
+        out.flush();
+    }
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+    // String -> Writer
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    /**
+     * Copy chars from a <code>String</code> to a <code>Writer</code>.
+     * @param input the <code>String</code> to read from
+     * @param output the <code>Writer</code> to write to
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static void copy(final String input, final Writer output)
+                throws IOException {
+        output.write(input);
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java

@@ -0,0 +1,642 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileFilter;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Collection;
+
+import org.apache.commons.io.filefilter.FileFilterUtils;
+import org.apache.commons.io.filefilter.IOFileFilter;
+import org.apache.commons.io.filefilter.TrueFileFilter;
+
+/**
+ * Abstract class that walks through a directory hierarchy and provides
+ * subclasses with convenient hooks to add specific behaviour.
+ * <p>
+ * This class operates with a {@link FileFilter} and maximum depth to
+ * limit the files and direcories visited.
+ * Commons IO supplies many common filter implementations in the
+ * <a href="filefilter/package-summary.html"> filefilter</a> package.
+ * <p>
+ * The following sections describe:
+ *   <ul>
+ *      <li><a href="#example">1. Example Implementation</a> - example
+ *          <code>FileCleaner</code> implementation.</li>
+ *      <li><a href="#filter">2. Filter Example</a> - using
+ *          {@link FileFilter}(s) with <code>DirectoryWalker</code>.</li>
+ *      <li><a href="#cancel">3. Cancellation</a> - how to implement cancellation
+ *          behaviour.</li>
+ *   </ul>
+ *
+ * <a name="example"></a>
+ * <h3>1. Example Implementation</h3>
+ *
+ * There are many possible extensions, for example, to delete all
+ * files and '.svn' directories, and return a list of deleted files:
+ * <pre>
+ *  public class FileCleaner extends DirectoryWalker {
+ *
+ *    public FileCleaner() {
+ *      super();
+ *    }
+ *
+ *    public List clean(File startDirectory) {
+ *      List results = new ArrayList();
+ *      walk(startDirectory, results);
+ *      return results;
+ *    }
+ *
+ *    protected boolean handleDirectory(File directory, int depth, Collection results) {
+ *      // delete svn directories and then skip
+ *      if (".svn".equals(directory.getName())) {
+ *        directory.delete();
+ *        return false;
+ *      } else {
+ *        return true;
+ *      }
+ *
+ *    }
+ *
+ *    protected void handleFile(File file, int depth, Collection results) {
+ *      // delete file and add to list of deleted
+ *      file.delete();
+ *      results.add(file);
+ *    }
+ *  }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * <a name="filter"></a>
+ * <h3>2. Filter Example</h3>
+ *
+ * Choosing which directories and files to process can be a key aspect
+ * of using this class. This information can be setup in three ways,
+ * via three different constructors.
+ * <p>
+ * The first option is to visit all directories and files.
+ * This is achieved via the no-args constructor.
+ * <p>
+ * The second constructor option is to supply a single {@link FileFilter}
+ * that describes the files and directories to visit. Care must be taken
+ * with this option as the same filter is used for both directories
+ * and files.
+ * <p>
+ * For example, if you wanted all directories which are not hidden
+ * and files which end in ".txt":
+ * <pre>
+ *  public class FooDirectoryWalker extends DirectoryWalker {
+ *    public FooDirectoryWalker(FileFilter filter) {
+ *      super(filter, -1);
+ *    }
+ *  }
+ *
+ *  // Build up the filters and create the walker
+ *    // Create a filter for Non-hidden directories
+ *    IOFileFilter fooDirFilter =
+ *        FileFilterUtils.andFileFilter(FileFilterUtils.directoryFileFilter,
+ *                                      HiddenFileFilter.VISIBLE);
+ *
+ *    // Create a filter for Files ending in ".txt"
+ *    IOFileFilter fooFileFilter =
+ *        FileFilterUtils.andFileFilter(FileFilterUtils.fileFileFilter,
+ *                                      FileFilterUtils.suffixFileFilter(".txt"));
+ *
+ *    // Combine the directory and file filters using an OR condition
+ *    java.io.FileFilter fooFilter =
+ *        FileFilterUtils.orFileFilter(fooDirFilter, fooFileFilter);
+ *
+ *    // Use the filter to construct a DirectoryWalker implementation
+ *    FooDirectoryWalker walker = new FooDirectoryWalker(fooFilter);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * The third constructor option is to specify separate filters, one for
+ * directories and one for files. These are combined internally to form
+ * the correct <code>FileFilter</code>, something which is very easy to
+ * get wrong when attempted manually, particularly when trying to
+ * express constructs like 'any file in directories named docs'.
+ * <p>
+ * For example, if you wanted all directories which are not hidden
+ * and files which end in ".txt":
+ * <pre>
+ *  public class FooDirectoryWalker extends DirectoryWalker {
+ *    public FooDirectoryWalker(IOFileFilter dirFilter, IOFileFilter fileFilter) {
+ *      super(dirFilter, fileFilter, -1);
+ *    }
+ *  }
+ *
+ *  // Use the filters to construct the walker
+ *  FooDirectoryWalker walker = new FooDirectoryWalker(
+ *    HiddenFileFilter.VISIBLE,
+ *    FileFilterUtils.suffixFileFilter(".txt"),
+ *  );
+ * </pre>
+ * This is much simpler than the previous example, and is why it is the preferred
+ * option for filtering.
+ *
+ * <a name="cancel"></a>
+ * <h3>3. Cancellation</h3>
+ *
+ * The DirectoryWalker contains some of the logic required for cancel processing.
+ * Subclasses must complete the implementation.
+ * <p>
+ * What <code>DirectoryWalker</code> does provide for cancellation is:
+ * <ul>
+ *    <li>{@link CancelException} which can be thrown in any of the
+ *        <i>lifecycle</i> methods to stop processing.</li>
+ *    <li>The <code>walk()</code> method traps thrown {@link CancelException}
+ *        and calls the <code>handleCancelled()</code> method, providing
+ *        a place for custom cancel processing.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ * <p>
+ * Implementations need to provide:
+ * <ul>
+ *    <li>The decision logic on whether to cancel processing or not.</li>
+ *    <li>Constructing and throwing a {@link CancelException}.</li>
+ *    <li>Custom cancel processing in the <code>handleCancelled()</code> method.
+ * </ul>
+ * <p>
+ * Two possible scenarios are envisaged for cancellation:
+ * <ul>
+ *    <li><a href="#external">3.1 External / Mult-threaded</a> - cancellation being
+ *        decided/initiated by an external process.</li>
+ *    <li><a href="#internal">3.2 Internal</a> - cancellation being decided/initiated
+ *        from within a DirectoryWalker implementation.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ * <p>
+ * The following sections provide example implementations for these two different
+ * scenarios.
+ *
+ * <a name="external"></a>
+ * <h4>3.1 External / Multi-threaded</h4>
+ *
+ * This example provides a public <code>cancel()</code> method that can be
+ * called by another thread to stop the processing. A typical example use-case
+ * would be a cancel button on a GUI. Calling this method sets a
+ * <a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/second_edition/html/classes.doc.html#36930">
+ * volatile</a> flag to ensure it will work properly in a multi-threaded environment.
+ * The flag is returned by the <code>handleIsCancelled()</code> method, which
+ * will cause the walk to stop immediately. The <code>handleCancelled()</code>
+ * method will be the next, and last, callback method received once cancellation
+ * has occurred.
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ *  public class FooDirectoryWalker extends DirectoryWalker {
+ *
+ *    private volatile boolean cancelled = false;
+ *
+ *    public void cancel() {
+ *        cancelled = true;
+ *    }
+ *
+ *    protected boolean handleIsCancelled(File file, int depth, Collection results) {
+ *        return cancelled;
+ *    }
+ *
+ *    protected void handleCancelled(File startDirectory, Collection results, CancelException cancel) {
+ *        // implement processing required when a cancellation occurs
+ *    }
+ *  }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * <a name="internal"></a>
+ * <h4>3.2 Internal</h4>
+ *
+ * This shows an example of how internal cancellation processing could be implemented.
+ * <b>Note</b> the decision logic and throwing a {@link CancelException} could be implemented
+ * in any of the <i>lifecycle</i> methods.
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ *  public class BarDirectoryWalker extends DirectoryWalker {
+ *
+ *    protected boolean handleDirectory(File directory, int depth, Collection results) throws IOException {
+ *        // cancel if hidden directory
+ *        if (directory.isHidden()) {
+ *            throw new CancelException(file, depth);
+ *        }
+ *        return true;
+ *    }
+ *
+ *    protected void handleFile(File file, int depth, Collection results) throws IOException {
+ *        // cancel if read-only file
+ *        if (!file.canWrite()) {
+ *            throw new CancelException(file, depth);
+ *        }
+ *        results.add(file);
+ *    }
+ *
+ *    protected void handleCancelled(File startDirectory, Collection results, CancelException cancel) {
+ *        // implement processing required when a cancellation occurs
+ *    }
+ *  }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * @since 1.3
+ * @version $Id: DirectoryWalker.java 1723627 2016-01-07 21:15:47Z niallp $
+ */
+public abstract class DirectoryWalker<T> {
+
+    /**
+     * The file filter to use to filter files and directories.
+     */
+    private final FileFilter filter;
+    /**
+     * The limit on the directory depth to walk.
+     */
+    private final int depthLimit;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct an instance with no filtering and unlimited <i>depth</i>.
+     */
+    protected DirectoryWalker() {
+        this(null, -1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct an instance with a filter and limit the <i>depth</i> navigated to.
+     * <p>
+     * The filter controls which files and directories will be navigated to as
+     * part of the walk. The {@link FileFilterUtils} class is useful for combining
+     * various filters together. A {@code null} filter means that no
+     * filtering should occur and all files and directories will be visited.
+     *
+     * @param filter  the filter to apply, null means visit all files
+     * @param depthLimit  controls how <i>deep</i> the hierarchy is
+     *  navigated to (less than 0 means unlimited)
+     */
+    protected DirectoryWalker(final FileFilter filter, final int depthLimit) {
+        this.filter = filter;
+        this.depthLimit = depthLimit;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct an instance with a directory and a file filter and an optional
+     * limit on the <i>depth</i> navigated to.
+     * <p>
+     * The filters control which files and directories will be navigated to as part
+     * of the walk. This constructor uses {@link FileFilterUtils#makeDirectoryOnly(IOFileFilter)}
+     * and {@link FileFilterUtils#makeFileOnly(IOFileFilter)} internally to combine the filters.
+     * A {@code null} filter means that no filtering should occur.
+     *
+     * @param directoryFilter  the filter to apply to directories, null means visit all directories
+     * @param fileFilter  the filter to apply to files, null means visit all files
+     * @param depthLimit  controls how <i>deep</i> the hierarchy is
+     *  navigated to (less than 0 means unlimited)
+     */
+    protected DirectoryWalker(IOFileFilter directoryFilter, IOFileFilter fileFilter, final int depthLimit) {
+        if (directoryFilter == null && fileFilter == null) {
+            this.filter = null;
+        } else {
+            directoryFilter = directoryFilter != null ? directoryFilter : TrueFileFilter.TRUE;
+            fileFilter = fileFilter != null ? fileFilter : TrueFileFilter.TRUE;
+            directoryFilter = FileFilterUtils.makeDirectoryOnly(directoryFilter);
+            fileFilter = FileFilterUtils.makeFileOnly(fileFilter);
+            this.filter = FileFilterUtils.or(directoryFilter, fileFilter);
+        }
+        this.depthLimit = depthLimit;
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Internal method that walks the directory hierarchy in a depth-first manner.
+     * <p>
+     * Users of this class do not need to call this method. This method will
+     * be called automatically by another (public) method on the specific subclass.
+     * <p>
+     * Writers of subclasses should call this method to start the directory walk.
+     * Once called, this method will emit events as it walks the hierarchy.
+     * The event methods have the prefix <code>handle</code>.
+     *
+     * @param startDirectory  the directory to start from, not null
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the start directory is null
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    protected final void walk(final File startDirectory, final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
+        if (startDirectory == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException("Start Directory is null");
+        }
+        try {
+            handleStart(startDirectory, results);
+            walk(startDirectory, 0, results);
+            handleEnd(results);
+        } catch(final CancelException cancel) {
+            handleCancelled(startDirectory, results, cancel);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Main recursive method to examine the directory hierarchy.
+     *
+     * @param directory  the directory to examine, not null
+     * @param depth  the directory level (starting directory = 0)
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    private void walk(final File directory, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
+        checkIfCancelled(directory, depth, results);
+        if (handleDirectory(directory, depth, results)) {
+            handleDirectoryStart(directory, depth, results);
+            final int childDepth = depth + 1;
+            if (depthLimit < 0 || childDepth <= depthLimit) {
+                checkIfCancelled(directory, depth, results);
+                File[] childFiles = filter == null ? directory.listFiles() : directory.listFiles(filter);
+                childFiles = filterDirectoryContents(directory, depth, childFiles);
+                if (childFiles == null) {
+                    handleRestricted(directory, childDepth, results);
+                } else {
+                    for (final File childFile : childFiles) {
+                        if (childFile.isDirectory()) {
+                            walk(childFile, childDepth, results);
+                        } else {
+                            checkIfCancelled(childFile, childDepth, results);
+                            handleFile(childFile, childDepth, results);
+                            checkIfCancelled(childFile, childDepth, results);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            handleDirectoryEnd(directory, depth, results);
+        }
+        checkIfCancelled(directory, depth, results);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the walk has been cancelled by calling {@link #handleIsCancelled},
+     * throwing a <code>CancelException</code> if it has.
+     * <p>
+     * Writers of subclasses should not normally call this method as it is called
+     * automatically by the walk of the tree. However, sometimes a single method,
+     * typically {@link #handleFile}, may take a long time to run. In that case,
+     * you may wish to check for cancellation by calling this method.
+     *
+     * @param file  the current file being processed
+     * @param depth  the current file level (starting directory = 0)
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    protected final void checkIfCancelled(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws
+            IOException {
+        if (handleIsCancelled(file, depth, results)) {
+            throw new CancelException(file, depth);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overridable callback method invoked to determine if the entire walk
+     * operation should be immediately cancelled.
+     * <p>
+     * This method should be implemented by those subclasses that want to
+     * provide a public <code>cancel()</code> method available from another
+     * thread. The design pattern for the subclass should be as follows:
+     * <pre>
+     *  public class FooDirectoryWalker extends DirectoryWalker {
+     *    private volatile boolean cancelled = false;
+     *
+     *    public void cancel() {
+     *        cancelled = true;
+     *    }
+     *    private void handleIsCancelled(File file, int depth, Collection results) {
+     *        return cancelled;
+     *    }
+     *    protected void handleCancelled(File startDirectory,
+     *              Collection results, CancelException cancel) {
+     *        // implement processing required when a cancellation occurs
+     *    }
+     *  }
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * If this method returns true, then the directory walk is immediately
+     * cancelled. The next callback method will be {@link #handleCancelled}.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation returns false.
+     *
+     * @param file  the file or directory being processed
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @return true if the walk has been cancelled
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    protected boolean handleIsCancelled(
+            final File file, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
+        // do nothing - overridable by subclass
+        return false;  // not cancelled
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overridable callback method invoked when the operation is cancelled.
+     * The file being processed when the cancellation occurred can be
+     * obtained from the exception.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation just re-throws the {@link CancelException}.
+     *
+     * @param startDirectory  the directory that the walk started from
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @param cancel  the exception throw to cancel further processing
+     * containing details at the point of cancellation.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    protected void handleCancelled(final File startDirectory, final Collection<T> results,
+                       final CancelException cancel) throws IOException {
+        // re-throw exception - overridable by subclass
+        throw cancel;
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Overridable callback method invoked at the start of processing.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation does nothing.
+     *
+     * @param startDirectory  the directory to start from
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    protected void handleStart(final File startDirectory, final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
+        // do nothing - overridable by subclass
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overridable callback method invoked to determine if a directory should be processed.
+     * <p>
+     * This method returns a boolean to indicate if the directory should be examined or not.
+     * If you return false, the entire directory and any subdirectories will be skipped.
+     * Note that this functionality is in addition to the filtering by file filter.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation does nothing and returns true.
+     *
+     * @param directory  the current directory being processed
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @return true to process this directory, false to skip this directory
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    protected boolean handleDirectory(final File directory, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws
+            IOException {
+        // do nothing - overridable by subclass
+        return true;  // process directory
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overridable callback method invoked at the start of processing each directory.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation does nothing.
+     *
+     * @param directory  the current directory being processed
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    protected void handleDirectoryStart(final File directory, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws
+            IOException {
+        // do nothing - overridable by subclass
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overridable callback method invoked with the contents of each directory.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation returns the files unchanged
+     *
+     * @param directory  the current directory being processed
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
+     * @param files the files (possibly filtered) in the directory, may be {@code null}
+     * @return the filtered list of files
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @since 2.0
+     */
+    protected File[] filterDirectoryContents(final File directory, final int depth, final File[] files) throws
+            IOException {
+        return files;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overridable callback method invoked for each (non-directory) file.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation does nothing.
+     *
+     * @param file  the current file being processed
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
+        // do nothing - overridable by subclass
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overridable callback method invoked for each restricted directory.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation does nothing.
+     *
+     * @param directory  the restricted directory
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    protected void handleRestricted(final File directory, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws
+            IOException {
+        // do nothing - overridable by subclass
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overridable callback method invoked at the end of processing each directory.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation does nothing.
+     *
+     * @param directory  the directory being processed
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    protected void handleDirectoryEnd(final File directory, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws
+            IOException {
+        // do nothing - overridable by subclass
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overridable callback method invoked at the end of processing.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation does nothing.
+     *
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     */
+    protected void handleEnd(final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
+        // do nothing - overridable by subclass
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * CancelException is thrown in DirectoryWalker to cancel the current
+     * processing.
+     */
+    public static class CancelException extends IOException {
+
+        /** Serialization id. */
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1347339620135041008L;
+
+        /** The file being processed when the exception was thrown. */
+        private final File file;
+        /** The file depth when the exception was thrown. */
+        private final int depth;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs a <code>CancelException</code> with
+         * the file and depth when cancellation occurred.
+         *
+         * @param file  the file when the operation was cancelled, may be null
+         * @param depth  the depth when the operation was cancelled, may be null
+         */
+        public CancelException(final File file, final int depth) {
+            this("Operation Cancelled", file, depth);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs a <code>CancelException</code> with
+         * an appropriate message and the file and depth when
+         * cancellation occurred.
+         *
+         * @param message  the detail message
+         * @param file  the file when the operation was cancelled
+         * @param depth  the depth when the operation was cancelled
+         */
+        public CancelException(final String message, final File file, final int depth) {
+            super(message);
+            this.file = file;
+            this.depth = depth;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return the file when the operation was cancelled.
+         *
+         * @return the file when the operation was cancelled
+         */
+        public File getFile() {
+            return file;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return the depth when the operation was cancelled.
+         *
+         * @return the depth when the operation was cancelled
+         */
+        public int getDepth() {
+            return depth;
+        }
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/EndianUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import static org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.EOF;
+
+import java.io.EOFException;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+
+/**
+ * Utility code for dealing with different endian systems.
+ * <p>
+ * Different computer architectures adopt different conventions for
+ * byte ordering. In so-called "Little Endian" architectures (eg Intel),
+ * the low-order byte is stored in memory at the lowest address, and
+ * subsequent bytes at higher addresses. For "Big Endian" architectures
+ * (eg Motorola), the situation is reversed.
+ * This class helps you solve this incompatibility.
+ * <p>
+ * Origin of code: Excalibur
+ *
+ * @version $Id: EndianUtils.java 1686450 2015-06-19 16:43:48Z krosenvold $
+ * @see org.apache.commons.io.input.SwappedDataInputStream
+ */
+public class EndianUtils {
+
+    /**
+     * Instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.
+     */
+    public EndianUtils() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    // ========================================== Swapping routines
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a "short" value between endian systems.
+     * @param value value to convert
+     * @return the converted value
+     */
+    public static short swapShort(final short value) {
+        return (short) ( ( ( ( value >> 0 ) & 0xff ) << 8 ) +
+            ( ( ( value >> 8 ) & 0xff ) << 0 ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a "int" value between endian systems.
+     * @param value value to convert
+     * @return the converted value
+     */
+    public static int swapInteger(final int value) {
+        return
+            ( ( ( value >> 0 ) & 0xff ) << 24 ) +
+            ( ( ( value >> 8 ) & 0xff ) << 16 ) +
+            ( ( ( value >> 16 ) & 0xff ) << 8 ) +
+            ( ( ( value >> 24 ) & 0xff ) << 0 );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a "long" value between endian systems.
+     * @param value value to convert
+     * @return the converted value
+     */
+    public static long swapLong(final long value) {
+        return
+            ( ( ( value >> 0 ) & 0xff ) << 56 ) +
+            ( ( ( value >> 8 ) & 0xff ) << 48 ) +
+            ( ( ( value >> 16 ) & 0xff ) << 40 ) +
+            ( ( ( value >> 24 ) & 0xff ) << 32 ) +
+            ( ( ( value >> 32 ) & 0xff ) << 24 ) +
+            ( ( ( value >> 40 ) & 0xff ) << 16 ) +
+            ( ( ( value >> 48 ) & 0xff ) << 8 ) +
+            ( ( ( value >> 56 ) & 0xff ) << 0 );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a "float" value between endian systems.
+     * @param value value to convert
+     * @return the converted value
+     */
+    public static float swapFloat(final float value) {
+        return Float.intBitsToFloat( swapInteger( Float.floatToIntBits( value ) ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a "double" value between endian systems.
+     * @param value value to convert
+     * @return the converted value
+     */
+    public static double swapDouble(final double value) {
+        return Double.longBitsToDouble( swapLong( Double.doubleToLongBits( value ) ) );
+    }
+
+    // ========================================== Swapping read/write routines
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a "short" value to a byte array at a given offset. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while writing.
+     * @param data target byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @param value value to write
+     */
+    public static void writeSwappedShort(final byte[] data, final int offset, final short value) {
+        data[ offset + 0 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 0 ) & 0xff );
+        data[ offset + 1 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 8 ) & 0xff );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a "short" value from a byte array at a given offset. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param data source byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @return the value read
+     */
+    public static short readSwappedShort(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
+        return (short)( ( ( data[ offset + 0 ] & 0xff ) << 0 ) +
+            ( ( data[ offset + 1 ] & 0xff ) << 8 ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads an unsigned short (16-bit) value from a byte array at a given
+     * offset. The value is converted to the opposed endian system while
+     * reading.
+     * @param data source byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @return the value read
+     */
+    public static int readSwappedUnsignedShort(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
+        return ( ( ( data[ offset + 0 ] & 0xff ) << 0 ) +
+            ( ( data[ offset + 1 ] & 0xff ) << 8 ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a "int" value to a byte array at a given offset. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while writing.
+     * @param data target byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @param value value to write
+     */
+    public static void writeSwappedInteger(final byte[] data, final int offset, final int value) {
+        data[ offset + 0 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 0 ) & 0xff );
+        data[ offset + 1 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 8 ) & 0xff );
+        data[ offset + 2 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 16 ) & 0xff );
+        data[ offset + 3 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 24 ) & 0xff );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a "int" value from a byte array at a given offset. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param data source byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @return the value read
+     */
+    public static int readSwappedInteger(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
+        return ( ( ( data[ offset + 0 ] & 0xff ) << 0 ) +
+            ( ( data[ offset + 1 ] & 0xff ) << 8 ) +
+            ( ( data[ offset + 2 ] & 0xff ) << 16 ) +
+            ( ( data[ offset + 3 ] & 0xff ) << 24 ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads an unsigned integer (32-bit) value from a byte array at a given
+     * offset. The value is converted to the opposed endian system while
+     * reading.
+     * @param data source byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @return the value read
+     */
+    public static long readSwappedUnsignedInteger(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
+        final long low = ( ( ( data[ offset + 0 ] & 0xff ) << 0 ) +
+                     ( ( data[ offset + 1 ] & 0xff ) << 8 ) +
+                     ( ( data[ offset + 2 ] & 0xff ) << 16 ) );
+
+        final long high = data[ offset + 3 ] & 0xff;
+
+        return (high << 24) + (0xffffffffL & low); 
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a "long" value to a byte array at a given offset. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while writing.
+     * @param data target byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @param value value to write
+     */
+    public static void writeSwappedLong(final byte[] data, final int offset, final long value) {
+        data[ offset + 0 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 0 ) & 0xff );
+        data[ offset + 1 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 8 ) & 0xff );
+        data[ offset + 2 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 16 ) & 0xff );
+        data[ offset + 3 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 24 ) & 0xff );
+        data[ offset + 4 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 32 ) & 0xff );
+        data[ offset + 5 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 40 ) & 0xff );
+        data[ offset + 6 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 48 ) & 0xff );
+        data[ offset + 7 ] = (byte)( ( value >> 56 ) & 0xff );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a "long" value from a byte array at a given offset. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param data source byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @return the value read
+     */
+    public static long readSwappedLong(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
+        final long low = readSwappedInteger(data, offset);
+        final long high = readSwappedInteger(data, offset + 4);
+        return (high << 32) + (0xffffffffL & low);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a "float" value to a byte array at a given offset. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while writing.
+     * @param data target byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @param value value to write
+     */
+    public static void writeSwappedFloat(final byte[] data, final int offset, final float value) {
+        writeSwappedInteger( data, offset, Float.floatToIntBits( value ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a "float" value from a byte array at a given offset. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param data source byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @return the value read
+     */
+    public static float readSwappedFloat(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
+        return Float.intBitsToFloat( readSwappedInteger( data, offset ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a "double" value to a byte array at a given offset. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while writing.
+     * @param data target byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @param value value to write
+     */
+    public static void writeSwappedDouble(final byte[] data, final int offset, final double value) {
+        writeSwappedLong( data, offset, Double.doubleToLongBits( value ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a "double" value from a byte array at a given offset. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param data source byte array
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
+     * @return the value read
+     */
+    public static double readSwappedDouble(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
+        return Double.longBitsToDouble( readSwappedLong( data, offset ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a "short" value to an OutputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while writing.
+     * @param output target OutputStream
+     * @param value value to write
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static void writeSwappedShort(final OutputStream output, final short value)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 0 ) & 0xff ) );
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 8 ) & 0xff ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a "short" value from an InputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param input source InputStream
+     * @return the value just read
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static short readSwappedShort(final InputStream input)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        return (short)( ( ( read( input ) & 0xff ) << 0 ) +
+            ( ( read( input ) & 0xff ) << 8 ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a unsigned short (16-bit) from an InputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param input source InputStream
+     * @return the value just read
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static int readSwappedUnsignedShort(final InputStream input)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        final int value1 = read( input );
+        final int value2 = read( input );
+
+        return ( ( ( value1 & 0xff ) << 0 ) +
+            ( ( value2 & 0xff ) << 8 ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a "int" value to an OutputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while writing.
+     * @param output target OutputStream
+     * @param value value to write
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static void writeSwappedInteger(final OutputStream output, final int value)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 0 ) & 0xff ) );
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 8 ) & 0xff ) );
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 16 ) & 0xff ) );
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 24 ) & 0xff ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a "int" value from an InputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param input source InputStream
+     * @return the value just read
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static int readSwappedInteger(final InputStream input)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        final int value1 = read( input );
+        final int value2 = read( input );
+        final int value3 = read( input );
+        final int value4 = read( input );
+
+        return ( ( value1 & 0xff ) << 0 ) +
+            ( ( value2 & 0xff ) << 8 ) +
+            ( ( value3 & 0xff ) << 16 ) +
+            ( ( value4 & 0xff ) << 24 );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a unsigned integer (32-bit) from an InputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param input source InputStream
+     * @return the value just read
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static long readSwappedUnsignedInteger(final InputStream input)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        final int value1 = read( input );
+        final int value2 = read( input );
+        final int value3 = read( input );
+        final int value4 = read( input );
+
+        final long low = ( ( ( value1 & 0xff ) << 0 ) +
+                     ( ( value2 & 0xff ) << 8 ) +
+                     ( ( value3 & 0xff ) << 16 ) );
+
+        final long high = value4 & 0xff;
+
+        return (high << 24) + (0xffffffffL & low); 
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a "long" value to an OutputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while writing.
+     * @param output target OutputStream
+     * @param value value to write
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static void writeSwappedLong(final OutputStream output, final long value)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 0 ) & 0xff ) );
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 8 ) & 0xff ) );
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 16 ) & 0xff ) );
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 24 ) & 0xff ) );
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 32 ) & 0xff ) );
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 40 ) & 0xff ) );
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 48 ) & 0xff ) );
+        output.write( (byte)( ( value >> 56 ) & 0xff ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a "long" value from an InputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param input source InputStream
+     * @return the value just read
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static long readSwappedLong(final InputStream input)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        final byte[] bytes = new byte[8];
+        for ( int i=0; i<8; i++ ) {
+            bytes[i] = (byte) read( input );
+        }
+        return readSwappedLong( bytes, 0 );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a "float" value to an OutputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while writing.
+     * @param output target OutputStream
+     * @param value value to write
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static void writeSwappedFloat(final OutputStream output, final float value)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        writeSwappedInteger( output, Float.floatToIntBits( value ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a "float" value from an InputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param input source InputStream
+     * @return the value just read
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static float readSwappedFloat(final InputStream input)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        return Float.intBitsToFloat( readSwappedInteger( input ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a "double" value to an OutputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while writing.
+     * @param output target OutputStream
+     * @param value value to write
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static void writeSwappedDouble(final OutputStream output, final double value)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        writeSwappedLong( output, Double.doubleToLongBits( value ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a "double" value from an InputStream. The value is
+     * converted to the opposed endian system while reading.
+     * @param input source InputStream
+     * @return the value just read
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     */
+    public static double readSwappedDouble(final InputStream input)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        return Double.longBitsToDouble( readSwappedLong( input ) );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads the next byte from the input stream.
+     * @param input  the stream
+     * @return the byte
+     * @throws IOException if the end of file is reached
+     */
+    private static int read(final InputStream input)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        final int value = input.read();
+
+        if( EOF == value ) {
+            throw new EOFException( "Unexpected EOF reached" );
+        }
+
+        return value;
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.File;
+
+/**
+ * Keeps track of files awaiting deletion, and deletes them when an associated
+ * marker object is reclaimed by the garbage collector.
+ * <p>
+ * This utility creates a background thread to handle file deletion.
+ * Each file to be deleted is registered with a handler object.
+ * When the handler object is garbage collected, the file is deleted.
+ * <p>
+ * In an environment with multiple class loaders (a servlet container, for
+ * example), you should consider stopping the background thread if it is no
+ * longer needed. This is done by invoking the method
+ * {@link #exitWhenFinished}, typically in
+ * {@code javax.servlet.ServletContextListener.contextDestroyed(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent)} or similar.
+ *
+ * @version $Id: FileCleaner.java 1680650 2015-05-20 18:36:40Z britter $
+ * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker}
+ */
+@Deprecated
+public class FileCleaner {
+    /**
+     * The instance to use for the deprecated, static methods.
+     */
+    static final FileCleaningTracker theInstance = new FileCleaningTracker();
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Track the specified file, using the provided marker, deleting the file
+     * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
+     * The {@link FileDeleteStrategy#NORMAL normal} deletion strategy will be used.
+     *
+     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#track(File, Object)}.
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static void track(final File file, final Object marker) {
+        theInstance.track(file, marker);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Track the specified file, using the provided marker, deleting the file
+     * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
+     * The speified deletion strategy is used.
+     *
+     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
+     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#track(File, Object, FileDeleteStrategy)}.
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static void track(final File file, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy) {
+        theInstance.track(file, marker, deleteStrategy);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Track the specified file, using the provided marker, deleting the file
+     * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
+     * The {@link FileDeleteStrategy#NORMAL normal} deletion strategy will be used.
+     *
+     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null
+     * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#track(String, Object)}.
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static void track(final String path, final Object marker) {
+        theInstance.track(path, marker);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Track the specified file, using the provided marker, deleting the file
+     * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
+     * The speified deletion strategy is used.
+     *
+     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
+     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null
+     * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#track(String, Object, FileDeleteStrategy)}.
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static void track(final String path, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy) {
+        theInstance.track(path, marker, deleteStrategy);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Retrieve the number of files currently being tracked, and therefore
+     * awaiting deletion.
+     *
+     * @return the number of files being tracked
+     * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#getTrackCount()}.
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static int getTrackCount() {
+        return theInstance.getTrackCount();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Call this method to cause the file cleaner thread to terminate when
+     * there are no more objects being tracked for deletion.
+     * <p>
+     * In a simple environment, you don't need this method as the file cleaner
+     * thread will simply exit when the JVM exits. In a more complex environment,
+     * with multiple class loaders (such as an application server), you should be
+     * aware that the file cleaner thread will continue running even if the class
+     * loader it was started from terminates. This can consitute a memory leak.
+     * <p>
+     * For example, suppose that you have developed a web application, which
+     * contains the commons-io jar file in your WEB-INF/lib directory. In other
+     * words, the FileCleaner class is loaded through the class loader of your
+     * web application. If the web application is terminated, but the servlet
+     * container is still running, then the file cleaner thread will still exist,
+     * posing a memory leak.
+     * <p>
+     * This method allows the thread to be terminated. Simply call this method
+     * in the resource cleanup code, such as 
+     * {@code javax.servlet.ServletContextListener.contextDestroyed(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent)}.
+     * One called, no new objects can be tracked by the file cleaner.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#exitWhenFinished()}.
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static synchronized void exitWhenFinished() {
+        theInstance.exitWhenFinished();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the singleton instance, which is used by the deprecated, static methods.
+     * This is mainly useful for code, which wants to support the new
+     * {@link FileCleaningTracker} class while maintain compatibility with the
+     * deprecated {@link FileCleaner}.
+     * 
+     * @return the singleton instance
+     */
+    public static FileCleaningTracker getInstance() {
+        return theInstance;
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java

@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.lang.ref.PhantomReference;
+import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Keeps track of files awaiting deletion, and deletes them when an associated
+ * marker object is reclaimed by the garbage collector.
+ * <p>
+ * This utility creates a background thread to handle file deletion.
+ * Each file to be deleted is registered with a handler object.
+ * When the handler object is garbage collected, the file is deleted.
+ * <p>
+ * In an environment with multiple class loaders (a servlet container, for
+ * example), you should consider stopping the background thread if it is no
+ * longer needed. This is done by invoking the method
+ * {@link #exitWhenFinished}, typically in
+ * {@code javax.servlet.ServletContextListener.contextDestroyed(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent)} or similar.
+ *
+ * @version $Id: FileCleaningTracker.java 1686747 2015-06-21 18:44:49Z krosenvold $
+ */
+public class FileCleaningTracker {
+
+    // Note: fields are package protected to allow use by test cases
+
+    /**
+     * Queue of <code>Tracker</code> instances being watched.
+     */
+    ReferenceQueue<Object> q = new ReferenceQueue<Object>();
+    /**
+     * Collection of <code>Tracker</code> instances in existence.
+     */
+    final Collection<Tracker> trackers = Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<Tracker>()); // synchronized
+    /**
+     * Collection of File paths that failed to delete.
+     */
+    final List<String> deleteFailures = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<String>());
+    /**
+     * Whether to terminate the thread when the tracking is complete.
+     */
+    volatile boolean exitWhenFinished = false;
+    /**
+     * The thread that will clean up registered files.
+     */
+    Thread reaper;
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Track the specified file, using the provided marker, deleting the file
+     * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
+     * The {@link FileDeleteStrategy#NORMAL normal} deletion strategy will be used.
+     *
+     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     */
+    public void track(final File file, final Object marker) {
+        track(file, marker, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Track the specified file, using the provided marker, deleting the file
+     * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
+     * The speified deletion strategy is used.
+     *
+     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
+     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     */
+    public void track(final File file, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy) {
+        if (file == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException("The file must not be null");
+        }
+        addTracker(file.getPath(), marker, deleteStrategy);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Track the specified file, using the provided marker, deleting the file
+     * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
+     * The {@link FileDeleteStrategy#NORMAL normal} deletion strategy will be used.
+     *
+     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null
+     */
+    public void track(final String path, final Object marker) {
+        track(path, marker, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Track the specified file, using the provided marker, deleting the file
+     * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
+     * The speified deletion strategy is used.
+     *
+     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
+     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null
+     */
+    public void track(final String path, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy) {
+        if (path == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException("The path must not be null");
+        }
+        addTracker(path, marker, deleteStrategy);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a tracker to the list of trackers.
+     *
+     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
+     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
+     */
+    private synchronized void addTracker(final String path, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy
+            deleteStrategy) {
+        // synchronized block protects reaper
+        if (exitWhenFinished) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("No new trackers can be added once exitWhenFinished() is called");
+        }
+        if (reaper == null) {
+            reaper = new Reaper();
+            reaper.start();
+        }
+        trackers.add(new Tracker(path, deleteStrategy, marker, q));
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Retrieve the number of files currently being tracked, and therefore
+     * awaiting deletion.
+     *
+     * @return the number of files being tracked
+     */
+    public int getTrackCount() {
+        return trackers.size();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the file paths that failed to delete.
+     *
+     * @return the file paths that failed to delete
+     * @since 2.0
+     */
+    public List<String> getDeleteFailures() {
+        return deleteFailures;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Call this method to cause the file cleaner thread to terminate when
+     * there are no more objects being tracked for deletion.
+     * <p>
+     * In a simple environment, you don't need this method as the file cleaner
+     * thread will simply exit when the JVM exits. In a more complex environment,
+     * with multiple class loaders (such as an application server), you should be
+     * aware that the file cleaner thread will continue running even if the class
+     * loader it was started from terminates. This can consitute a memory leak.
+     * <p>
+     * For example, suppose that you have developed a web application, which
+     * contains the commons-io jar file in your WEB-INF/lib directory. In other
+     * words, the FileCleaner class is loaded through the class loader of your
+     * web application. If the web application is terminated, but the servlet
+     * container is still running, then the file cleaner thread will still exist,
+     * posing a memory leak.
+     * <p>
+     * This method allows the thread to be terminated. Simply call this method
+     * in the resource cleanup code, such as
+     * {@code javax.servlet.ServletContextListener.contextDestroyed(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent)}.
+     * Once called, no new objects can be tracked by the file cleaner.
+     */
+    public synchronized void exitWhenFinished() {
+        // synchronized block protects reaper
+        exitWhenFinished = true;
+        if (reaper != null) {
+            synchronized (reaper) {
+                reaper.interrupt();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * The reaper thread.
+     */
+    private final class Reaper extends Thread {
+        /** Construct a new Reaper */
+        Reaper() {
+            super("File Reaper");
+            setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
+            setDaemon(true);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Run the reaper thread that will delete files as their associated
+         * marker objects are reclaimed by the garbage collector.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            // thread exits when exitWhenFinished is true and there are no more tracked objects
+            while (exitWhenFinished == false || trackers.size() > 0) {
+                try {
+                    // Wait for a tracker to remove.
+                    final Tracker tracker = (Tracker) q.remove(); // cannot return null
+                    trackers.remove(tracker);
+                    if (!tracker.delete()) {
+                        deleteFailures.add(tracker.getPath());
+                    }
+                    tracker.clear();
+                } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Inner class which acts as the reference for a file pending deletion.
+     */
+    private static final class Tracker extends PhantomReference<Object> {
+
+        /**
+         * The full path to the file being tracked.
+         */
+        private final String path;
+        /**
+         * The strategy for deleting files.
+         */
+        private final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs an instance of this class from the supplied parameters.
+         *
+         * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
+         * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
+         * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
+         * @param queue  the queue on to which the tracker will be pushed, not null
+         */
+        Tracker(final String path, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy, final Object marker,
+                final ReferenceQueue<? super Object> queue) {
+            super(marker, queue);
+            this.path = path;
+            this.deleteStrategy = deleteStrategy == null ? FileDeleteStrategy.NORMAL : deleteStrategy;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return the path.
+         *
+         * @return the path
+         */
+        public String getPath() {
+            return path;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Deletes the file associated with this tracker instance.
+         *
+         * @return {@code true} if the file was deleted successfully;
+         *         {@code false} otherwise.
+         */
+        public boolean delete() {
+            return deleteStrategy.deleteQuietly(new File(path));
+        }
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategy.java

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * Strategy for deleting files.
+ * <p>
+ * There is more than one way to delete a file.
+ * You may want to limit access to certain directories, to only delete
+ * directories if they are empty, or maybe to force deletion.
+ * <p>
+ * This class captures the strategy to use and is designed for user subclassing.
+ *
+ * @version $Id: FileDeleteStrategy.java 1563227 2014-01-31 19:45:30Z ggregory $
+ * @since 1.3
+ */
+public class FileDeleteStrategy {
+
+    /**
+     * The singleton instance for normal file deletion, which does not permit
+     * the deletion of directories that are not empty.
+     */
+    public static final FileDeleteStrategy NORMAL = new FileDeleteStrategy("Normal");
+    /**
+     * The singleton instance for forced file deletion, which always deletes,
+     * even if the file represents a non-empty directory.
+     */
+    public static final FileDeleteStrategy FORCE = new ForceFileDeleteStrategy();
+
+    /** The name of the strategy. */
+    private final String name;
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Restricted constructor.
+     *
+     * @param name  the name by which the strategy is known
+     */
+    protected FileDeleteStrategy(final String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Deletes the file object, which may be a file or a directory.
+     * All <code>IOException</code>s are caught and false returned instead.
+     * If the file does not exist or is null, true is returned.
+     * <p>
+     * Subclass writers should override {@link #doDelete(File)}, not this method.
+     *
+     * @param fileToDelete  the file to delete, null returns true
+     * @return true if the file was deleted, or there was no such file
+     */
+    public boolean deleteQuietly(final File fileToDelete) {
+        if (fileToDelete == null || fileToDelete.exists() == false) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        try {
+            return doDelete(fileToDelete);
+        } catch (final IOException ex) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Deletes the file object, which may be a file or a directory.
+     * If the file does not exist, the method just returns.
+     * <p>
+     * Subclass writers should override {@link #doDelete(File)}, not this method.
+     *
+     * @param fileToDelete  the file to delete, not null
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs during file deletion
+     */
+    public void delete(final File fileToDelete) throws IOException {
+        if (fileToDelete.exists() && doDelete(fileToDelete) == false) {
+            throw new IOException("Deletion failed: " + fileToDelete);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Actually deletes the file object, which may be a file or a directory.
+     * <p>
+     * This method is designed for subclasses to override.
+     * The implementation may return either false or an <code>IOException</code>
+     * when deletion fails. The {@link #delete(File)} and {@link #deleteQuietly(File)}
+     * methods will handle either response appropriately.
+     * A check has been made to ensure that the file will exist.
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation uses {@link File#delete()}.
+     *
+     * @param fileToDelete  the file to delete, exists, not null
+     * @return true if the file was deleteds
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs during file deletion
+     */
+    protected boolean doDelete(final File fileToDelete) throws IOException {
+        return fileToDelete.delete();
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Gets a string describing the delete strategy.
+     *
+     * @return a string describing the delete strategy
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "FileDeleteStrategy[" + name + "]";
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Force file deletion strategy.
+     */
+    static class ForceFileDeleteStrategy extends FileDeleteStrategy {
+        /** Default Constructor */
+        ForceFileDeleteStrategy() {
+            super("Force");
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Deletes the file object.
+         * <p>
+         * This implementation uses <code>FileUtils.forceDelete()</code>
+         * if the file exists.
+         *
+         * @param fileToDelete  the file to delete, not null
+         * @return Always returns {@code true}
+         * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+         * @throws IOException if an error occurs during file deletion
+         */
+        @Override
+        protected boolean doDelete(final File fileToDelete) throws IOException {
+            FileUtils.forceDelete(fileToDelete);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileExistsException.java

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * Indicates that a file already exists.
+ * 
+ * @version $Id: FileExistsException.java 1415850 2012-11-30 20:51:39Z ggregory $
+ * @since 2.0
+ */
+public class FileExistsException extends IOException {
+
+    /**
+     * Defines the serial version UID.
+     */
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    /**
+     * Default Constructor.
+     */
+    public FileExistsException() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct an instance with the specified message.
+     *
+     * @param message The error message
+     */
+    public FileExistsException(final String message) {
+        super(message);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct an instance with the specified file.
+     *
+     * @param file The file that exists
+     */
+    public FileExistsException(final File file) {
+        super("File " + file + " exists");
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystemUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,541 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.StringTokenizer;
+
+/**
+ * General File System utilities.
+ * <p>
+ * This class provides static utility methods for general file system
+ * functions not provided via the JDK {@link java.io.File File} class.
+ * <p>
+ * The current functions provided are:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>Get the free space on a drive
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * @version $Id: FileSystemUtils.java 1686747 2015-06-21 18:44:49Z krosenvold $
+ * @since 1.1
+ */
+public class FileSystemUtils {
+
+    /** Singleton instance, used mainly for testing. */
+    private static final FileSystemUtils INSTANCE = new FileSystemUtils();
+
+    /** Operating system state flag for error. */
+    private static final int INIT_PROBLEM = -1;
+    /** Operating system state flag for neither Unix nor Windows. */
+    private static final int OTHER = 0;
+    /** Operating system state flag for Windows. */
+    private static final int WINDOWS = 1;
+    /** Operating system state flag for Unix. */
+    private static final int UNIX = 2;
+    /** Operating system state flag for Posix flavour Unix. */
+    private static final int POSIX_UNIX = 3;
+
+    /** The operating system flag. */
+    private static final int OS;
+
+    /** The path to df */
+    private static final String DF;
+
+    static {
+        int os = OTHER;
+        String dfPath = "df";
+        try {
+            String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
+            if (osName == null) {
+                throw new IOException("os.name not found");
+            }
+            osName = osName.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
+            // match
+            if (osName.contains("windows")) {
+                os = WINDOWS;
+            } else if (osName.contains("linux") ||
+                    osName.contains("mpe/ix") ||
+                    osName.contains("freebsd") ||
+                    osName.contains("irix") ||
+                    osName.contains("digital unix") ||
+                    osName.contains("unix") ||
+                    osName.contains("mac os x")) {
+                os = UNIX;
+            } else if (osName.contains("sun os") ||
+                    osName.contains("sunos") ||
+                    osName.contains("solaris")) {
+                os = POSIX_UNIX;
+                dfPath = "/usr/xpg4/bin/df";
+            } else if (osName.contains("hp-ux") ||
+                    osName.contains("aix")) {
+                os = POSIX_UNIX;
+            } else {
+                os = OTHER;
+            }
+
+        } catch (final Exception ex) {
+            os = INIT_PROBLEM;
+        }
+        OS = os;
+        DF = dfPath;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.
+     */
+    public FileSystemUtils() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Returns the free space on a drive or volume by invoking
+     * the command line.
+     * This method does not normalize the result, and typically returns
+     * bytes on Windows, 512 byte units on OS X and kilobytes on Unix.
+     * As this is not very useful, this method is deprecated in favour
+     * of {@link #freeSpaceKb(String)} which returns a result in kilobytes.
+     * <p>
+     * Note that some OS's are NOT currently supported, including OS/390,
+     * OpenVMS.
+     * <pre>
+     * FileSystemUtils.freeSpace("C:");       // Windows
+     * FileSystemUtils.freeSpace("/volume");  // *nix
+     * </pre>
+     * The free space is calculated via the command line.
+     * It uses 'dir /-c' on Windows and 'df' on *nix.
+     *
+     * @param path  the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is invalid
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if an error occurred in initialisation
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs when finding the free space
+     * @since 1.1, enhanced OS support in 1.2 and 1.3
+     * @deprecated Use freeSpaceKb(String)
+     *  Deprecated from 1.3, may be removed in 2.0
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public static long freeSpace(final String path) throws IOException {
+        return INSTANCE.freeSpaceOS(path, OS, false, -1);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Returns the free space on a drive or volume in kilobytes by invoking
+     * the command line.
+     * <pre>
+     * FileSystemUtils.freeSpaceKb("C:");       // Windows
+     * FileSystemUtils.freeSpaceKb("/volume");  // *nix
+     * </pre>
+     * The free space is calculated via the command line.
+     * It uses 'dir /-c' on Windows, 'df -kP' on AIX/HP-UX and 'df -k' on other Unix.
+     * <p>
+     * In order to work, you must be running Windows, or have a implementation of
+     * Unix df that supports GNU format when passed -k (or -kP). If you are going
+     * to rely on this code, please check that it works on your OS by running
+     * some simple tests to compare the command line with the output from this class.
+     * If your operating system isn't supported, please raise a JIRA call detailing
+     * the exact result from df -k and as much other detail as possible, thanks.
+     *
+     * @param path  the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is invalid
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if an error occurred in initialisation
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs when finding the free space
+     * @since 1.2, enhanced OS support in 1.3
+     */
+    public static long freeSpaceKb(final String path) throws IOException {
+        return freeSpaceKb(path, -1);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Returns the free space on a drive or volume in kilobytes by invoking
+     * the command line.
+     * <pre>
+     * FileSystemUtils.freeSpaceKb("C:");       // Windows
+     * FileSystemUtils.freeSpaceKb("/volume");  // *nix
+     * </pre>
+     * The free space is calculated via the command line.
+     * It uses 'dir /-c' on Windows, 'df -kP' on AIX/HP-UX and 'df -k' on other Unix.
+     * <p>
+     * In order to work, you must be running Windows, or have a implementation of
+     * Unix df that supports GNU format when passed -k (or -kP). If you are going
+     * to rely on this code, please check that it works on your OS by running
+     * some simple tests to compare the command line with the output from this class.
+     * If your operating system isn't supported, please raise a JIRA call detailing
+     * the exact result from df -k and as much other detail as possible, thanks.
+     *
+     * @param path  the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix
+     * @param timeout The timeout amount in milliseconds or no timeout if the value
+     *  is zero or less
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is invalid
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if an error occurred in initialisation
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs when finding the free space
+     * @since 2.0
+     */
+    public static long freeSpaceKb(final String path, final long timeout) throws IOException {
+        return INSTANCE.freeSpaceOS(path, OS, true, timeout);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the disk size of the volume which holds the working directory.
+     * <p>
+     * Identical to:
+     * <pre>
+     * freeSpaceKb(new File(".").getAbsolutePath())
+     * </pre>
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if an error occurred in initialisation
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs when finding the free space
+     * @since 2.0
+     */
+    public static long freeSpaceKb() throws IOException {
+        return freeSpaceKb(-1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the disk size of the volume which holds the working directory.
+     * <p>
+     * Identical to:
+     * <pre>
+     * freeSpaceKb(new File(".").getAbsolutePath())
+     * </pre>
+     * @param timeout The timeout amount in milliseconds or no timeout if the value
+     *  is zero or less
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if an error occurred in initialisation
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs when finding the free space
+     * @since 2.0
+     */
+    public static long freeSpaceKb(final long timeout) throws IOException {
+        return freeSpaceKb(new File(".").getAbsolutePath(), timeout);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Returns the free space on a drive or volume in a cross-platform manner.
+     * Note that some OS's are NOT currently supported, including OS/390.
+     * <pre>
+     * FileSystemUtils.freeSpace("C:");  // Windows
+     * FileSystemUtils.freeSpace("/volume");  // *nix
+     * </pre>
+     * The free space is calculated via the command line.
+     * It uses 'dir /-c' on Windows and 'df' on *nix.
+     *
+     * @param path  the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix
+     * @param os  the operating system code
+     * @param kb  whether to normalize to kilobytes
+     * @param timeout The timeout amount in milliseconds or no timeout if the value
+     *  is zero or less
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is invalid
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if an error occurred in initialisation
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs when finding the free space
+     */
+    long freeSpaceOS(final String path, final int os, final boolean kb, final long timeout) throws IOException {
+        if (path == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Path must not be null");
+        }
+        switch (os) {
+            case WINDOWS:
+                return kb ? freeSpaceWindows(path, timeout) / FileUtils.ONE_KB : freeSpaceWindows(path, timeout);
+            case UNIX:
+                return freeSpaceUnix(path, kb, false, timeout);
+            case POSIX_UNIX:
+                return freeSpaceUnix(path, kb, true, timeout);
+            case OTHER:
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Unsupported operating system");
+            default:
+                throw new IllegalStateException(
+                  "Exception caught when determining operating system");
+        }
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Find free space on the Windows platform using the 'dir' command.
+     *
+     * @param path  the path to get free space for, including the colon
+     * @param timeout The timeout amount in milliseconds or no timeout if the value
+     *  is zero or less
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs
+     */
+    long freeSpaceWindows(String path, final long timeout) throws IOException {
+        path = FilenameUtils.normalize(path, false);
+        if (path.length() > 0 && path.charAt(0) != '"') {
+            path = "\"" + path + "\"";
+        }
+
+        // build and run the 'dir' command
+        final String[] cmdAttribs = new String[] {"cmd.exe", "/C", "dir /a /-c " + path};
+
+        // read in the output of the command to an ArrayList
+        final List<String> lines = performCommand(cmdAttribs, Integer.MAX_VALUE, timeout);
+
+        // now iterate over the lines we just read and find the LAST
+        // non-empty line (the free space bytes should be in the last element
+        // of the ArrayList anyway, but this will ensure it works even if it's
+        // not, still assuming it is on the last non-blank line)
+        for (int i = lines.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+            final String line = lines.get(i);
+            if (line.length() > 0) {
+                return parseDir(line, path);
+            }
+        }
+        // all lines are blank
+        throw new IOException(
+                "Command line 'dir /-c' did not return any info " +
+                "for path '" + path + "'");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses the Windows dir response last line
+     *
+     * @param line  the line to parse
+     * @param path  the path that was sent
+     * @return the number of bytes
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs
+     */
+    long parseDir(final String line, final String path) throws IOException {
+        // read from the end of the line to find the last numeric
+        // character on the line, then continue until we find the first
+        // non-numeric character, and everything between that and the last
+        // numeric character inclusive is our free space bytes count
+        int bytesStart = 0;
+        int bytesEnd = 0;
+        int j = line.length() - 1;
+        innerLoop1: while (j >= 0) {
+            final char c = line.charAt(j);
+            if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
+              // found the last numeric character, this is the end of
+              // the free space bytes count
+              bytesEnd = j + 1;
+              break innerLoop1;
+            }
+            j--;
+        }
+        innerLoop2: while (j >= 0) {
+            final char c = line.charAt(j);
+            if (!Character.isDigit(c) && c != ',' && c != '.') {
+              // found the next non-numeric character, this is the
+              // beginning of the free space bytes count
+              bytesStart = j + 1;
+              break innerLoop2;
+            }
+            j--;
+        }
+        if (j < 0) {
+            throw new IOException(
+                    "Command line 'dir /-c' did not return valid info " +
+                    "for path '" + path + "'");
+        }
+
+        // remove commas and dots in the bytes count
+        final StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(line.substring(bytesStart, bytesEnd));
+        for (int k = 0; k < buf.length(); k++) {
+            if (buf.charAt(k) == ',' || buf.charAt(k) == '.') {
+                buf.deleteCharAt(k--);
+            }
+        }
+        return parseBytes(buf.toString(), path);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Find free space on the *nix platform using the 'df' command.
+     *
+     * @param path  the path to get free space for
+     * @param kb  whether to normalize to kilobytes
+     * @param posix  whether to use the POSIX standard format flag
+     * @param timeout The timeout amount in milliseconds or no timeout if the value
+     *  is zero or less
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the volume
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs
+     */
+    long freeSpaceUnix(final String path, final boolean kb, final boolean posix, final long timeout)
+            throws IOException {
+        if (path.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Path must not be empty");
+        }
+
+        // build and run the 'dir' command
+        String flags = "-";
+        if (kb) {
+            flags += "k";
+        }
+        if (posix) {
+            flags += "P";
+        }
+        final String[] cmdAttribs =
+            flags.length() > 1 ? new String[] {DF, flags, path} : new String[] {DF, path};
+
+        // perform the command, asking for up to 3 lines (header, interesting, overflow)
+        final List<String> lines = performCommand(cmdAttribs, 3, timeout);
+        if (lines.size() < 2) {
+            // unknown problem, throw exception
+            throw new IOException(
+                    "Command line '" + DF + "' did not return info as expected " +
+                    "for path '" + path + "'- response was " + lines);
+        }
+        final String line2 = lines.get(1); // the line we're interested in
+
+        // Now, we tokenize the string. The fourth element is what we want.
+        StringTokenizer tok = new StringTokenizer(line2, " ");
+        if (tok.countTokens() < 4) {
+            // could be long Filesystem, thus data on third line
+            if (tok.countTokens() == 1 && lines.size() >= 3) {
+                final String line3 = lines.get(2); // the line may be interested in
+                tok = new StringTokenizer(line3, " ");
+            } else {
+                throw new IOException(
+                        "Command line '" + DF + "' did not return data as expected " +
+                        "for path '" + path + "'- check path is valid");
+            }
+        } else {
+            tok.nextToken(); // Ignore Filesystem
+        }
+        tok.nextToken(); // Ignore 1K-blocks
+        tok.nextToken(); // Ignore Used
+        final String freeSpace = tok.nextToken();
+        return parseBytes(freeSpace, path);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Parses the bytes from a string.
+     *
+     * @param freeSpace  the free space string
+     * @param path  the path
+     * @return the number of bytes
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs
+     */
+    long parseBytes(final String freeSpace, final String path) throws IOException {
+        try {
+            final long bytes = Long.parseLong(freeSpace);
+            if (bytes < 0) {
+                throw new IOException(
+                        "Command line '" + DF + "' did not find free space in response " +
+                        "for path '" + path + "'- check path is valid");
+            }
+            return bytes;
+
+        } catch (final NumberFormatException ex) {
+            throw new IOException(
+                    "Command line '" + DF + "' did not return numeric data as expected " +
+                    "for path '" + path + "'- check path is valid", ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Performs the os command.
+     *
+     * @param cmdAttribs  the command line parameters
+     * @param max The maximum limit for the lines returned
+     * @param timeout The timeout amount in milliseconds or no timeout if the value
+     *  is zero or less
+     * @return the lines returned by the command, converted to lower-case
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs
+     */
+    List<String> performCommand(final String[] cmdAttribs, final int max, final long timeout) throws IOException {
+        // this method does what it can to avoid the 'Too many open files' error
+        // based on trial and error and these links:
+        // http://bugs.sun.com/bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=4784692
+        // http://bugs.sun.com/bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=4801027
+        // http://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=533029&messageID=2572018
+        // however, its still not perfect as the JDK support is so poor
+        // (see commons-exec or Ant for a better multi-threaded multi-os solution)
+
+        final List<String> lines = new ArrayList<String>(20);
+        Process proc = null;
+        InputStream in = null;
+        OutputStream out = null;
+        InputStream err = null;
+        BufferedReader inr = null;
+        try {
+
+            final Thread monitor = ThreadMonitor.start(timeout);
+
+            proc = openProcess(cmdAttribs);
+            in = proc.getInputStream();
+            out = proc.getOutputStream();
+            err = proc.getErrorStream();
+            // default charset is most likely appropriate here
+            inr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, Charset.defaultCharset()));
+            String line = inr.readLine();
+            while (line != null && lines.size() < max) {
+                line = line.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH).trim();
+                lines.add(line);
+                line = inr.readLine();
+            }
+
+            proc.waitFor();
+
+            ThreadMonitor.stop(monitor);
+
+            if (proc.exitValue() != 0) {
+                // os command problem, throw exception
+                throw new IOException(
+                        "Command line returned OS error code '" + proc.exitValue() +
+                        "' for command " + Arrays.asList(cmdAttribs));
+            }
+            if (lines.isEmpty()) {
+                // unknown problem, throw exception
+                throw new IOException(
+                        "Command line did not return any info " +
+                        "for command " + Arrays.asList(cmdAttribs));
+            }
+            return lines;
+
+        } catch (final InterruptedException ex) {
+            throw new IOException(
+                    "Command line threw an InterruptedException " +
+                    "for command " + Arrays.asList(cmdAttribs) + " timeout=" + timeout, ex);
+        } finally {
+            IOUtils.closeQuietly(in);
+            IOUtils.closeQuietly(out);
+            IOUtils.closeQuietly(err);
+            IOUtils.closeQuietly(inr);
+            if (proc != null) {
+                proc.destroy();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Opens the process to the operating system.
+     *
+     * @param cmdAttribs  the command line parameters
+     * @return the process
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs
+     */
+    Process openProcess(final String[] cmdAttribs) throws IOException {
+        return Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmdAttribs);
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,1452 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Stack;
+
+/**
+ * General filename and filepath manipulation utilities.
+ * <p>
+ * When dealing with filenames you can hit problems when moving from a Windows
+ * based development machine to a Unix based production machine.
+ * This class aims to help avoid those problems.
+ * <p>
+ * <b>NOTE</b>: You may be able to avoid using this class entirely simply by
+ * using JDK {@link java.io.File File} objects and the two argument constructor
+ * {@link java.io.File#File(java.io.File, java.lang.String) File(File,String)}.
+ * <p>
+ * Most methods on this class are designed to work the same on both Unix and Windows.
+ * Those that don't include 'System', 'Unix' or 'Windows' in their name.
+ * <p>
+ * Most methods recognise both separators (forward and back), and both
+ * sets of prefixes. See the javadoc of each method for details.
+ * <p>
+ * This class defines six components within a filename
+ * (example C:\dev\project\file.txt):
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>the prefix - C:\</li>
+ * <li>the path - dev\project\</li>
+ * <li>the full path - C:\dev\project\</li>
+ * <li>the name - file.txt</li>
+ * <li>the base name - file</li>
+ * <li>the extension - txt</li>
+ * </ul>
+ * Note that this class works best if directory filenames end with a separator.
+ * If you omit the last separator, it is impossible to determine if the filename
+ * corresponds to a file or a directory. As a result, we have chosen to say
+ * it corresponds to a file.
+ * <p>
+ * This class only supports Unix and Windows style names.
+ * Prefixes are matched as follows:
+ * <pre>
+ * Windows:
+ * a\b\c.txt           --&gt; ""          --&gt; relative
+ * \a\b\c.txt          --&gt; "\"         --&gt; current drive absolute
+ * C:a\b\c.txt         --&gt; "C:"        --&gt; drive relative
+ * C:\a\b\c.txt        --&gt; "C:\"       --&gt; absolute
+ * \\server\a\b\c.txt  --&gt; "\\server\" --&gt; UNC
+ *
+ * Unix:
+ * a/b/c.txt           --&gt; ""          --&gt; relative
+ * /a/b/c.txt          --&gt; "/"         --&gt; absolute
+ * ~/a/b/c.txt         --&gt; "~/"        --&gt; current user
+ * ~                   --&gt; "~/"        --&gt; current user (slash added)
+ * ~user/a/b/c.txt     --&gt; "~user/"    --&gt; named user
+ * ~user               --&gt; "~user/"    --&gt; named user (slash added)
+ * </pre>
+ * Both prefix styles are matched always, irrespective of the machine that you are
+ * currently running on.
+ * <p>
+ * Origin of code: Excalibur, Alexandria, Tomcat, Commons-Utils.
+ *
+ * @version $Id: FilenameUtils.java 1702170 2015-09-10 06:35:02Z krosenvold $
+ * @since 1.1
+ */
+public class FilenameUtils {
+
+    private static final int NOT_FOUND = -1;
+
+    /**
+     * The extension separator character.
+     * @since 1.4
+     */
+    public static final char EXTENSION_SEPARATOR = '.';
+
+    /**
+     * The extension separator String.
+     * @since 1.4
+     */
+    public static final String EXTENSION_SEPARATOR_STR = Character.toString(EXTENSION_SEPARATOR);
+
+    /**
+     * The Unix separator character.
+     */
+    private static final char UNIX_SEPARATOR = '/';
+
+    /**
+     * The Windows separator character.
+     */
+    private static final char WINDOWS_SEPARATOR = '\\';
+
+    /**
+     * The system separator character.
+     */
+    private static final char SYSTEM_SEPARATOR = File.separatorChar;
+
+    /**
+     * The separator character that is the opposite of the system separator.
+     */
+    private static final char OTHER_SEPARATOR;
+    static {
+        if (isSystemWindows()) {
+            OTHER_SEPARATOR = UNIX_SEPARATOR;
+        } else {
+            OTHER_SEPARATOR = WINDOWS_SEPARATOR;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.
+     */
+    public FilenameUtils() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Determines if Windows file system is in use.
+     *
+     * @return true if the system is Windows
+     */
+    static boolean isSystemWindows() {
+        return SYSTEM_SEPARATOR == WINDOWS_SEPARATOR;
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Checks if the character is a separator.
+     *
+     * @param ch  the character to check
+     * @return true if it is a separator character
+     */
+    private static boolean isSeparator(final char ch) {
+        return ch == UNIX_SEPARATOR || ch == WINDOWS_SEPARATOR;
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Normalizes a path, removing double and single dot path steps.
+     * <p>
+     * This method normalizes a path to a standard format.
+     * The input may contain separators in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The output will contain separators in the format of the system.
+     * <p>
+     * A trailing slash will be retained.
+     * A double slash will be merged to a single slash (but UNC names are handled).
+     * A single dot path segment will be removed.
+     * A double dot will cause that path segment and the one before to be removed.
+     * If the double dot has no parent path segment to work with, {@code null}
+     * is returned.
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same on both Unix and Windows except
+     * for the separator character.
+     * <pre>
+     * /foo//               --&gt;   /foo/
+     * /foo/./              --&gt;   /foo/
+     * /foo/../bar          --&gt;   /bar
+     * /foo/../bar/         --&gt;   /bar/
+     * /foo/../bar/../baz   --&gt;   /baz
+     * //foo//./bar         --&gt;   /foo/bar
+     * /../                 --&gt;   null
+     * ../foo               --&gt;   null
+     * foo/bar/..           --&gt;   foo/
+     * foo/../../bar        --&gt;   null
+     * foo/../bar           --&gt;   bar
+     * //server/foo/../bar  --&gt;   //server/bar
+     * //server/../bar      --&gt;   null
+     * C:\foo\..\bar        --&gt;   C:\bar
+     * C:\..\bar            --&gt;   null
+     * ~/foo/../bar/        --&gt;   ~/bar/
+     * ~/../bar             --&gt;   null
+     * </pre>
+     * (Note the file separator returned will be correct for Windows/Unix)
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to normalize, null returns null
+     * @return the normalized filename, or null if invalid. Null bytes inside string will be removed
+     */
+    public static String normalize(final String filename) {
+        return doNormalize(filename, SYSTEM_SEPARATOR, true);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Normalizes a path, removing double and single dot path steps.
+     * <p>
+     * This method normalizes a path to a standard format.
+     * The input may contain separators in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The output will contain separators in the format specified.
+     * <p>
+     * A trailing slash will be retained.
+     * A double slash will be merged to a single slash (but UNC names are handled).
+     * A single dot path segment will be removed.
+     * A double dot will cause that path segment and the one before to be removed.
+     * If the double dot has no parent path segment to work with, {@code null}
+     * is returned.
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same on both Unix and Windows except
+     * for the separator character.
+     * <pre>
+     * /foo//               --&gt;   /foo/
+     * /foo/./              --&gt;   /foo/
+     * /foo/../bar          --&gt;   /bar
+     * /foo/../bar/         --&gt;   /bar/
+     * /foo/../bar/../baz   --&gt;   /baz
+     * //foo//./bar         --&gt;   /foo/bar
+     * /../                 --&gt;   null
+     * ../foo               --&gt;   null
+     * foo/bar/..           --&gt;   foo/
+     * foo/../../bar        --&gt;   null
+     * foo/../bar           --&gt;   bar
+     * //server/foo/../bar  --&gt;   //server/bar
+     * //server/../bar      --&gt;   null
+     * C:\foo\..\bar        --&gt;   C:\bar
+     * C:\..\bar            --&gt;   null
+     * ~/foo/../bar/        --&gt;   ~/bar/
+     * ~/../bar             --&gt;   null
+     * </pre>
+     * The output will be the same on both Unix and Windows including
+     * the separator character.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to normalize, null returns null
+     * @param unixSeparator {@code true} if a unix separator should
+     * be used or {@code false} if a windows separator should be used.
+     * @return the normalized filename, or null if invalid. Null bytes inside string will be removed
+     * @since 2.0
+     */
+    public static String normalize(final String filename, final boolean unixSeparator) {
+        final char separator = unixSeparator ? UNIX_SEPARATOR : WINDOWS_SEPARATOR;
+        return doNormalize(filename, separator, true);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Normalizes a path, removing double and single dot path steps,
+     * and removing any final directory separator.
+     * <p>
+     * This method normalizes a path to a standard format.
+     * The input may contain separators in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The output will contain separators in the format of the system.
+     * <p>
+     * A trailing slash will be removed.
+     * A double slash will be merged to a single slash (but UNC names are handled).
+     * A single dot path segment will be removed.
+     * A double dot will cause that path segment and the one before to be removed.
+     * If the double dot has no parent path segment to work with, {@code null}
+     * is returned.
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same on both Unix and Windows except
+     * for the separator character.
+     * <pre>
+     * /foo//               --&gt;   /foo
+     * /foo/./              --&gt;   /foo
+     * /foo/../bar          --&gt;   /bar
+     * /foo/../bar/         --&gt;   /bar
+     * /foo/../bar/../baz   --&gt;   /baz
+     * //foo//./bar         --&gt;   /foo/bar
+     * /../                 --&gt;   null
+     * ../foo               --&gt;   null
+     * foo/bar/..           --&gt;   foo
+     * foo/../../bar        --&gt;   null
+     * foo/../bar           --&gt;   bar
+     * //server/foo/../bar  --&gt;   //server/bar
+     * //server/../bar      --&gt;   null
+     * C:\foo\..\bar        --&gt;   C:\bar
+     * C:\..\bar            --&gt;   null
+     * ~/foo/../bar/        --&gt;   ~/bar
+     * ~/../bar             --&gt;   null
+     * </pre>
+     * (Note the file separator returned will be correct for Windows/Unix)
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to normalize, null returns null
+     * @return the normalized filename, or null if invalid. Null bytes inside string will be removed
+     */
+    public static String normalizeNoEndSeparator(final String filename) {
+        return doNormalize(filename, SYSTEM_SEPARATOR, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Normalizes a path, removing double and single dot path steps,
+     * and removing any final directory separator.
+     * <p>
+     * This method normalizes a path to a standard format.
+     * The input may contain separators in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The output will contain separators in the format specified.
+     * <p>
+     * A trailing slash will be removed.
+     * A double slash will be merged to a single slash (but UNC names are handled).
+     * A single dot path segment will be removed.
+     * A double dot will cause that path segment and the one before to be removed.
+     * If the double dot has no parent path segment to work with, {@code null}
+     * is returned.
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same on both Unix and Windows including
+     * the separator character.
+     * <pre>
+     * /foo//               --&gt;   /foo
+     * /foo/./              --&gt;   /foo
+     * /foo/../bar          --&gt;   /bar
+     * /foo/../bar/         --&gt;   /bar
+     * /foo/../bar/../baz   --&gt;   /baz
+     * //foo//./bar         --&gt;   /foo/bar
+     * /../                 --&gt;   null
+     * ../foo               --&gt;   null
+     * foo/bar/..           --&gt;   foo
+     * foo/../../bar        --&gt;   null
+     * foo/../bar           --&gt;   bar
+     * //server/foo/../bar  --&gt;   //server/bar
+     * //server/../bar      --&gt;   null
+     * C:\foo\..\bar        --&gt;   C:\bar
+     * C:\..\bar            --&gt;   null
+     * ~/foo/../bar/        --&gt;   ~/bar
+     * ~/../bar             --&gt;   null
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to normalize, null returns null
+     * @param unixSeparator {@code true} if a unix separator should
+     * be used or {@code false} if a windows separtor should be used.
+     * @return the normalized filename, or null if invalid. Null bytes inside string will be removed
+     * @since 2.0
+     */
+    public static String normalizeNoEndSeparator(final String filename, final boolean unixSeparator) {
+         final char separator = unixSeparator ? UNIX_SEPARATOR : WINDOWS_SEPARATOR;
+        return doNormalize(filename, separator, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Internal method to perform the normalization.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename
+     * @param separator The separator character to use
+     * @param keepSeparator  true to keep the final separator
+     * @return the normalized filename. Null bytes inside string will be removed.
+     */
+    private static String doNormalize(final String filename, final char separator, final boolean keepSeparator) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        failIfNullBytePresent(filename);
+
+        int size = filename.length();
+        if (size == 0) {
+            return filename;
+        }
+        final int prefix = getPrefixLength(filename);
+        if (prefix < 0) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        final char[] array = new char[size + 2];  // +1 for possible extra slash, +2 for arraycopy
+        filename.getChars(0, filename.length(), array, 0);
+
+        // fix separators throughout
+        final char otherSeparator = separator == SYSTEM_SEPARATOR ? OTHER_SEPARATOR : SYSTEM_SEPARATOR;
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            if (array[i] == otherSeparator) {
+                array[i] = separator;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // add extra separator on the end to simplify code below
+        boolean lastIsDirectory = true;
+        if (array[size - 1] != separator) {
+            array[size++] = separator;
+            lastIsDirectory = false;
+        }
+
+        // adjoining slashes
+        for (int i = prefix + 1; i < size; i++) {
+            if (array[i] == separator && array[i - 1] == separator) {
+                System.arraycopy(array, i, array, i - 1, size - i);
+                size--;
+                i--;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // dot slash
+        for (int i = prefix + 1; i < size; i++) {
+            if (array[i] == separator && array[i - 1] == '.' &&
+                    (i == prefix + 1 || array[i - 2] == separator)) {
+                if (i == size - 1) {
+                    lastIsDirectory = true;
+                }
+                System.arraycopy(array, i + 1, array, i - 1, size - i);
+                size -=2;
+                i--;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // double dot slash
+        outer:
+        for (int i = prefix + 2; i < size; i++) {
+            if (array[i] == separator && array[i - 1] == '.' && array[i - 2] == '.' &&
+                    (i == prefix + 2 || array[i - 3] == separator)) {
+                if (i == prefix + 2) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+                if (i == size - 1) {
+                    lastIsDirectory = true;
+                }
+                int j;
+                for (j = i - 4 ; j >= prefix; j--) {
+                    if (array[j] == separator) {
+                        // remove b/../ from a/b/../c
+                        System.arraycopy(array, i + 1, array, j + 1, size - i);
+                        size -= i - j;
+                        i = j + 1;
+                        continue outer;
+                    }
+                }
+                // remove a/../ from a/../c
+                System.arraycopy(array, i + 1, array, prefix, size - i);
+                size -= i + 1 - prefix;
+                i = prefix + 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (size <= 0) {  // should never be less than 0
+            return "";
+        }
+        if (size <= prefix) {  // should never be less than prefix
+            return new String(array, 0, size);
+        }
+        if (lastIsDirectory && keepSeparator) {
+            return new String(array, 0, size);  // keep trailing separator
+        }
+        return new String(array, 0, size - 1);  // lose trailing separator
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Concatenates a filename to a base path using normal command line style rules.
+     * <p>
+     * The effect is equivalent to resultant directory after changing
+     * directory to the first argument, followed by changing directory to
+     * the second argument.
+     * <p>
+     * The first argument is the base path, the second is the path to concatenate.
+     * The returned path is always normalized via {@link #normalize(String)},
+     * thus <code>..</code> is handled.
+     * <p>
+     * If <code>pathToAdd</code> is absolute (has an absolute prefix), then
+     * it will be normalized and returned.
+     * Otherwise, the paths will be joined, normalized and returned.
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same on both Unix and Windows except
+     * for the separator character.
+     * <pre>
+     * /foo/ + bar          --&gt;   /foo/bar
+     * /foo + bar           --&gt;   /foo/bar
+     * /foo + /bar          --&gt;   /bar
+     * /foo + C:/bar        --&gt;   C:/bar
+     * /foo + C:bar         --&gt;   C:bar (*)
+     * /foo/a/ + ../bar     --&gt;   foo/bar
+     * /foo/ + ../../bar    --&gt;   null
+     * /foo/ + /bar         --&gt;   /bar
+     * /foo/.. + /bar       --&gt;   /bar
+     * /foo + bar/c.txt     --&gt;   /foo/bar/c.txt
+     * /foo/c.txt + bar     --&gt;   /foo/c.txt/bar (!)
+     * </pre>
+     * (*) Note that the Windows relative drive prefix is unreliable when
+     * used with this method.
+     * (!) Note that the first parameter must be a path. If it ends with a name, then
+     * the name will be built into the concatenated path. If this might be a problem,
+     * use {@link #getFullPath(String)} on the base path argument.
+     *
+     * @param basePath  the base path to attach to, always treated as a path
+     * @param fullFilenameToAdd  the filename (or path) to attach to the base
+     * @return the concatenated path, or null if invalid.  Null bytes inside string will be removed
+     */
+    public static String concat(final String basePath, final String fullFilenameToAdd) {
+        final int prefix = getPrefixLength(fullFilenameToAdd);
+        if (prefix < 0) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (prefix > 0) {
+            return normalize(fullFilenameToAdd);
+        }
+        if (basePath == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        final int len = basePath.length();
+        if (len == 0) {
+            return normalize(fullFilenameToAdd);
+        }
+        final char ch = basePath.charAt(len - 1);
+        if (isSeparator(ch)) {
+            return normalize(basePath + fullFilenameToAdd);
+        } else {
+            return normalize(basePath + '/' + fullFilenameToAdd);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determines whether the {@code parent} directory contains the {@code child} element (a file or directory).
+     * <p>
+     * The files names are expected to be normalized.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * Edge cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>A {@code directory} must not be null: if null, throw IllegalArgumentException</li>
+     * <li>A directory does not contain itself: return false</li>
+     * <li>A null child file is not contained in any parent: return false</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param canonicalParent
+     *            the file to consider as the parent.
+     * @param canonicalChild
+     *            the file to consider as the child.
+     * @return true is the candidate leaf is under by the specified composite. False otherwise.
+     * @throws IOException
+     *             if an IO error occurs while checking the files.
+     * @since 2.2
+     * @see FileUtils#directoryContains(File, File)
+     */
+    public static boolean directoryContains(final String canonicalParent, final String canonicalChild)
+            throws IOException {
+
+        // Fail fast against NullPointerException
+        if (canonicalParent == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Directory must not be null");
+        }
+
+        if (canonicalChild == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (IOCase.SYSTEM.checkEquals(canonicalParent, canonicalChild)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return IOCase.SYSTEM.checkStartsWith(canonicalChild, canonicalParent);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Converts all separators to the Unix separator of forward slash.
+     *
+     * @param path  the path to be changed, null ignored
+     * @return the updated path
+     */
+    public static String separatorsToUnix(final String path) {
+        if (path == null || path.indexOf(WINDOWS_SEPARATOR) == NOT_FOUND) {
+            return path;
+        }
+        return path.replace(WINDOWS_SEPARATOR, UNIX_SEPARATOR);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts all separators to the Windows separator of backslash.
+     *
+     * @param path  the path to be changed, null ignored
+     * @return the updated path
+     */
+    public static String separatorsToWindows(final String path) {
+        if (path == null || path.indexOf(UNIX_SEPARATOR) == NOT_FOUND) {
+            return path;
+        }
+        return path.replace(UNIX_SEPARATOR, WINDOWS_SEPARATOR);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts all separators to the system separator.
+     *
+     * @param path  the path to be changed, null ignored
+     * @return the updated path
+     */
+    public static String separatorsToSystem(final String path) {
+        if (path == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (isSystemWindows()) {
+            return separatorsToWindows(path);
+        } else {
+            return separatorsToUnix(path);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Returns the length of the filename prefix, such as <code>C:/</code> or <code>~/</code>.
+     * <p>
+     * This method will handle a file in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * <p>
+     * The prefix length includes the first slash in the full filename
+     * if applicable. Thus, it is possible that the length returned is greater
+     * than the length of the input string.
+     * <pre>
+     * Windows:
+     * a\b\c.txt           --&gt; ""          --&gt; relative
+     * \a\b\c.txt          --&gt; "\"         --&gt; current drive absolute
+     * C:a\b\c.txt         --&gt; "C:"        --&gt; drive relative
+     * C:\a\b\c.txt        --&gt; "C:\"       --&gt; absolute
+     * \\server\a\b\c.txt  --&gt; "\\server\" --&gt; UNC
+     * \\\a\b\c.txt        --&gt;  error, length = -1
+     *
+     * Unix:
+     * a/b/c.txt           --&gt; ""          --&gt; relative
+     * /a/b/c.txt          --&gt; "/"         --&gt; absolute
+     * ~/a/b/c.txt         --&gt; "~/"        --&gt; current user
+     * ~                   --&gt; "~/"        --&gt; current user (slash added)
+     * ~user/a/b/c.txt     --&gt; "~user/"    --&gt; named user
+     * ~user               --&gt; "~user/"    --&gt; named user (slash added)
+     * //server/a/b/c.txt  --&gt; "//server/"
+     * ///a/b/c.txt        --&gt; error, length = -1
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     * ie. both Unix and Windows prefixes are matched regardless.
+     *
+     * Note that a leading // (or \\) is used to indicate a UNC name on Windows.
+     * These must be followed by a server name, so double-slashes are not collapsed
+     * to a single slash at the start of the filename.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to find the prefix in, null returns -1
+     * @return the length of the prefix, -1 if invalid or null
+     */
+    public static int getPrefixLength(final String filename) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+        final int len = filename.length();
+        if (len == 0) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        char ch0 = filename.charAt(0);
+        if (ch0 == ':') {
+            return NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+        if (len == 1) {
+            if (ch0 == '~') {
+                return 2;  // return a length greater than the input
+            }
+            return isSeparator(ch0) ? 1 : 0;
+        } else {
+            if (ch0 == '~') {
+                int posUnix = filename.indexOf(UNIX_SEPARATOR, 1);
+                int posWin = filename.indexOf(WINDOWS_SEPARATOR, 1);
+                if (posUnix == NOT_FOUND && posWin == NOT_FOUND) {
+                    return len + 1;  // return a length greater than the input
+                }
+                posUnix = posUnix == NOT_FOUND ? posWin : posUnix;
+                posWin = posWin == NOT_FOUND ? posUnix : posWin;
+                return Math.min(posUnix, posWin) + 1;
+            }
+            final char ch1 = filename.charAt(1);
+            if (ch1 == ':') {
+                ch0 = Character.toUpperCase(ch0);
+                if (ch0 >= 'A' && ch0 <= 'Z') {
+                    if (len == 2 || isSeparator(filename.charAt(2)) == false) {
+                        return 2;
+                    }
+                    return 3;
+                }
+                return NOT_FOUND;
+
+            } else if (isSeparator(ch0) && isSeparator(ch1)) {
+                int posUnix = filename.indexOf(UNIX_SEPARATOR, 2);
+                int posWin = filename.indexOf(WINDOWS_SEPARATOR, 2);
+                if (posUnix == NOT_FOUND && posWin == NOT_FOUND || posUnix == 2 || posWin == 2) {
+                    return NOT_FOUND;
+                }
+                posUnix = posUnix == NOT_FOUND ? posWin : posUnix;
+                posWin = posWin == NOT_FOUND ? posUnix : posWin;
+                return Math.min(posUnix, posWin) + 1;
+            } else {
+                return isSeparator(ch0) ? 1 : 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the last directory separator character.
+     * <p>
+     * This method will handle a file in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The position of the last forward or backslash is returned.
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to find the last path separator in, null returns -1
+     * @return the index of the last separator character, or -1 if there
+     * is no such character
+     */
+    public static int indexOfLastSeparator(final String filename) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+        final int lastUnixPos = filename.lastIndexOf(UNIX_SEPARATOR);
+        final int lastWindowsPos = filename.lastIndexOf(WINDOWS_SEPARATOR);
+        return Math.max(lastUnixPos, lastWindowsPos);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the last extension separator character, which is a dot.
+     * <p>
+     * This method also checks that there is no directory separator after the last dot. To do this it uses
+     * {@link #indexOfLastSeparator(String)} which will handle a file in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     * </p>
+     * 
+     * @param filename
+     *            the filename to find the last extension separator in, null returns -1
+     * @return the index of the last extension separator character, or -1 if there is no such character
+     */
+    public static int indexOfExtension(final String filename) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+        final int extensionPos = filename.lastIndexOf(EXTENSION_SEPARATOR);
+        final int lastSeparator = indexOfLastSeparator(filename);
+        return lastSeparator > extensionPos ? NOT_FOUND : extensionPos;
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Gets the prefix from a full filename, such as <code>C:/</code>
+     * or <code>~/</code>.
+     * <p>
+     * This method will handle a file in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The prefix includes the first slash in the full filename where applicable.
+     * <pre>
+     * Windows:
+     * a\b\c.txt           --&gt; ""          --&gt; relative
+     * \a\b\c.txt          --&gt; "\"         --&gt; current drive absolute
+     * C:a\b\c.txt         --&gt; "C:"        --&gt; drive relative
+     * C:\a\b\c.txt        --&gt; "C:\"       --&gt; absolute
+     * \\server\a\b\c.txt  --&gt; "\\server\" --&gt; UNC
+     *
+     * Unix:
+     * a/b/c.txt           --&gt; ""          --&gt; relative
+     * /a/b/c.txt          --&gt; "/"         --&gt; absolute
+     * ~/a/b/c.txt         --&gt; "~/"        --&gt; current user
+     * ~                   --&gt; "~/"        --&gt; current user (slash added)
+     * ~user/a/b/c.txt     --&gt; "~user/"    --&gt; named user
+     * ~user               --&gt; "~user/"    --&gt; named user (slash added)
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     * ie. both Unix and Windows prefixes are matched regardless.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to query, null returns null
+     * @return the prefix of the file, null if invalid. Null bytes inside string will be removed
+     */
+    public static String getPrefix(final String filename) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        final int len = getPrefixLength(filename);
+        if (len < 0) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (len > filename.length()) {
+            failIfNullBytePresent(filename + UNIX_SEPARATOR);
+            return filename + UNIX_SEPARATOR;
+        }
+        String path = filename.substring(0, len);
+        failIfNullBytePresent(path);
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the path from a full filename, which excludes the prefix.
+     * <p>
+     * This method will handle a file in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The method is entirely text based, and returns the text before and
+     * including the last forward or backslash.
+     * <pre>
+     * C:\a\b\c.txt --&gt; a\b\
+     * ~/a/b/c.txt  --&gt; a/b/
+     * a.txt        --&gt; ""
+     * a/b/c        --&gt; a/b/
+     * a/b/c/       --&gt; a/b/c/
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     * <p>
+     * This method drops the prefix from the result.
+     * See {@link #getFullPath(String)} for the method that retains the prefix.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to query, null returns null
+     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid.
+     * Null bytes inside string will be removed
+     */
+    public static String getPath(final String filename) {
+        return doGetPath(filename, 1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the path from a full filename, which excludes the prefix, and
+     * also excluding the final directory separator.
+     * <p>
+     * This method will handle a file in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The method is entirely text based, and returns the text before the
+     * last forward or backslash.
+     * <pre>
+     * C:\a\b\c.txt --&gt; a\b
+     * ~/a/b/c.txt  --&gt; a/b
+     * a.txt        --&gt; ""
+     * a/b/c        --&gt; a/b
+     * a/b/c/       --&gt; a/b/c
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     * <p>
+     * This method drops the prefix from the result.
+     * See {@link #getFullPathNoEndSeparator(String)} for the method that retains the prefix.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to query, null returns null
+     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid.
+     * Null bytes inside string will be removed
+     */
+    public static String getPathNoEndSeparator(final String filename) {
+        return doGetPath(filename, 0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Does the work of getting the path.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename
+     * @param separatorAdd  0 to omit the end separator, 1 to return it
+     * @return the path. Null bytes inside string will be removed
+     */
+    private static String doGetPath(final String filename, final int separatorAdd) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        final int prefix = getPrefixLength(filename);
+        if (prefix < 0) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        final int index = indexOfLastSeparator(filename);
+        final int endIndex = index+separatorAdd;
+        if (prefix >= filename.length() || index < 0 || prefix >= endIndex) {
+            return "";
+        }
+        String path = filename.substring(prefix, endIndex);
+        failIfNullBytePresent(path);
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the full path from a full filename, which is the prefix + path.
+     * <p>
+     * This method will handle a file in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The method is entirely text based, and returns the text before and
+     * including the last forward or backslash.
+     * <pre>
+     * C:\a\b\c.txt --&gt; C:\a\b\
+     * ~/a/b/c.txt  --&gt; ~/a/b/
+     * a.txt        --&gt; ""
+     * a/b/c        --&gt; a/b/
+     * a/b/c/       --&gt; a/b/c/
+     * C:           --&gt; C:
+     * C:\          --&gt; C:\
+     * ~            --&gt; ~/
+     * ~/           --&gt; ~/
+     * ~user        --&gt; ~user/
+     * ~user/       --&gt; ~user/
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to query, null returns null
+     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid
+     */
+    public static String getFullPath(final String filename) {
+        return doGetFullPath(filename, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the full path from a full filename, which is the prefix + path,
+     * and also excluding the final directory separator.
+     * <p>
+     * This method will handle a file in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The method is entirely text based, and returns the text before the
+     * last forward or backslash.
+     * <pre>
+     * C:\a\b\c.txt --&gt; C:\a\b
+     * ~/a/b/c.txt  --&gt; ~/a/b
+     * a.txt        --&gt; ""
+     * a/b/c        --&gt; a/b
+     * a/b/c/       --&gt; a/b/c
+     * C:           --&gt; C:
+     * C:\          --&gt; C:\
+     * ~            --&gt; ~
+     * ~/           --&gt; ~
+     * ~user        --&gt; ~user
+     * ~user/       --&gt; ~user
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to query, null returns null
+     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid
+     */
+    public static String getFullPathNoEndSeparator(final String filename) {
+        return doGetFullPath(filename, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Does the work of getting the path.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename
+     * @param includeSeparator  true to include the end separator
+     * @return the path
+     */
+    private static String doGetFullPath(final String filename, final boolean includeSeparator) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        final int prefix = getPrefixLength(filename);
+        if (prefix < 0) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (prefix >= filename.length()) {
+            if (includeSeparator) {
+                return getPrefix(filename);  // add end slash if necessary
+            } else {
+                return filename;
+            }
+        }
+        final int index = indexOfLastSeparator(filename);
+        if (index < 0) {
+            return filename.substring(0, prefix);
+        }
+        int end = index + (includeSeparator ?  1 : 0);
+        if (end == 0) {
+            end++;
+        }
+        return filename.substring(0, end);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the name minus the path from a full filename.
+     * <p>
+     * This method will handle a file in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The text after the last forward or backslash is returned.
+     * <pre>
+     * a/b/c.txt --&gt; c.txt
+     * a.txt     --&gt; a.txt
+     * a/b/c     --&gt; c
+     * a/b/c/    --&gt; ""
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to query, null returns null
+     * @return the name of the file without the path, or an empty string if none exists.
+     * Null bytes inside string will be removed
+     */
+    public static String getName(final String filename) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        failIfNullBytePresent(filename);
+        final int index = indexOfLastSeparator(filename);
+        return filename.substring(index + 1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check the input for null bytes, a sign of unsanitized data being passed to to file level functions.
+     *
+     * This may be used for poison byte attacks.
+     * @param path the path to check
+     */
+    private static void failIfNullBytePresent(String path) {
+        int len = path.length();
+        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+            if (path.charAt(i) == 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null byte present in file/path name. There are no " +
+                        "known legitimate use cases for such data, but several injection attacks may use it");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the base name, minus the full path and extension, from a full filename.
+     * <p>
+     * This method will handle a file in either Unix or Windows format.
+     * The text after the last forward or backslash and before the last dot is returned.
+     * <pre>
+     * a/b/c.txt --&gt; c
+     * a.txt     --&gt; a
+     * a/b/c     --&gt; c
+     * a/b/c/    --&gt; ""
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to query, null returns null
+     * @return the name of the file without the path, or an empty string if none exists. Null bytes inside string
+     * will be removed
+     */
+    public static String getBaseName(final String filename) {
+        return removeExtension(getName(filename));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the extension of a filename.
+     * <p>
+     * This method returns the textual part of the filename after the last dot.
+     * There must be no directory separator after the dot.
+     * <pre>
+     * foo.txt      --&gt; "txt"
+     * a/b/c.jpg    --&gt; "jpg"
+     * a/b.txt/c    --&gt; ""
+     * a/b/c        --&gt; ""
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     *
+     * @param filename the filename to retrieve the extension of.
+     * @return the extension of the file or an empty string if none exists or {@code null}
+     * if the filename is {@code null}.
+     */
+    public static String getExtension(final String filename) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        final int index = indexOfExtension(filename);
+        if (index == NOT_FOUND) {
+            return "";
+        } else {
+            return filename.substring(index + 1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Removes the extension from a filename.
+     * <p>
+     * This method returns the textual part of the filename before the last dot.
+     * There must be no directory separator after the dot.
+     * <pre>
+     * foo.txt    --&gt; foo
+     * a\b\c.jpg  --&gt; a\b\c
+     * a\b\c      --&gt; a\b\c
+     * a.b\c      --&gt; a.b\c
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to query, null returns null
+     * @return the filename minus the extension
+     */
+    public static String removeExtension(final String filename) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        failIfNullBytePresent(filename);
+
+        final int index = indexOfExtension(filename);
+        if (index == NOT_FOUND) {
+            return filename;
+        } else {
+            return filename.substring(0, index);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Checks whether two filenames are equal exactly.
+     * <p>
+     * No processing is performed on the filenames other than comparison,
+     * thus this is merely a null-safe case-sensitive equals.
+     *
+     * @param filename1  the first filename to query, may be null
+     * @param filename2  the second filename to query, may be null
+     * @return true if the filenames are equal, null equals null
+     * @see IOCase#SENSITIVE
+     */
+    public static boolean equals(final String filename1, final String filename2) {
+        return equals(filename1, filename2, false, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether two filenames are equal using the case rules of the system.
+     * <p>
+     * No processing is performed on the filenames other than comparison.
+     * The check is case-sensitive on Unix and case-insensitive on Windows.
+     *
+     * @param filename1  the first filename to query, may be null
+     * @param filename2  the second filename to query, may be null
+     * @return true if the filenames are equal, null equals null
+     * @see IOCase#SYSTEM
+     */
+    public static boolean equalsOnSystem(final String filename1, final String filename2) {
+        return equals(filename1, filename2, false, IOCase.SYSTEM);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Checks whether two filenames are equal after both have been normalized.
+     * <p>
+     * Both filenames are first passed to {@link #normalize(String)}.
+     * The check is then performed in a case-sensitive manner.
+     *
+     * @param filename1  the first filename to query, may be null
+     * @param filename2  the second filename to query, may be null
+     * @return true if the filenames are equal, null equals null
+     * @see IOCase#SENSITIVE
+     */
+    public static boolean equalsNormalized(final String filename1, final String filename2) {
+        return equals(filename1, filename2, true, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether two filenames are equal after both have been normalized
+     * and using the case rules of the system.
+     * <p>
+     * Both filenames are first passed to {@link #normalize(String)}.
+     * The check is then performed case-sensitive on Unix and
+     * case-insensitive on Windows.
+     *
+     * @param filename1  the first filename to query, may be null
+     * @param filename2  the second filename to query, may be null
+     * @return true if the filenames are equal, null equals null
+     * @see IOCase#SYSTEM
+     */
+    public static boolean equalsNormalizedOnSystem(final String filename1, final String filename2) {
+        return equals(filename1, filename2, true, IOCase.SYSTEM);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether two filenames are equal, optionally normalizing and providing
+     * control over the case-sensitivity.
+     *
+     * @param filename1  the first filename to query, may be null
+     * @param filename2  the second filename to query, may be null
+     * @param normalized  whether to normalize the filenames
+     * @param caseSensitivity  what case sensitivity rule to use, null means case-sensitive
+     * @return true if the filenames are equal, null equals null
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    public static boolean equals(
+            String filename1, String filename2,
+            final boolean normalized, IOCase caseSensitivity) {
+
+        if (filename1 == null || filename2 == null) {
+            return filename1 == null && filename2 == null;
+        }
+        if (normalized) {
+            filename1 = normalize(filename1);
+            filename2 = normalize(filename2);
+            if (filename1 == null || filename2 == null) {
+                throw new NullPointerException(
+                    "Error normalizing one or both of the file names");
+            }
+        }
+        if (caseSensitivity == null) {
+            caseSensitivity = IOCase.SENSITIVE;
+        }
+        return caseSensitivity.checkEquals(filename1, filename2);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the extension of the filename is that specified.
+     * <p>
+     * This method obtains the extension as the textual part of the filename
+     * after the last dot. There must be no directory separator after the dot.
+     * The extension check is case-sensitive on all platforms.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to query, null returns false
+     * @param extension  the extension to check for, null or empty checks for no extension
+     * @return true if the filename has the specified extension
+     * @throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException if the supplied filename contains null bytes
+     */
+    public static boolean isExtension(final String filename, final String extension) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        failIfNullBytePresent(filename);
+
+        if (extension == null || extension.isEmpty()) {
+            return indexOfExtension(filename) == NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+        final String fileExt = getExtension(filename);
+        return fileExt.equals(extension);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the extension of the filename is one of those specified.
+     * <p>
+     * This method obtains the extension as the textual part of the filename
+     * after the last dot. There must be no directory separator after the dot.
+     * The extension check is case-sensitive on all platforms.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to query, null returns false
+     * @param extensions  the extensions to check for, null checks for no extension
+     * @return true if the filename is one of the extensions
+     * @throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException if the supplied filename contains null bytes
+     */
+    public static boolean isExtension(final String filename, final String[] extensions) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        failIfNullBytePresent(filename);
+
+        if (extensions == null || extensions.length == 0) {
+            return indexOfExtension(filename) == NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+        final String fileExt = getExtension(filename);
+        for (final String extension : extensions) {
+            if (fileExt.equals(extension)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the extension of the filename is one of those specified.
+     * <p>
+     * This method obtains the extension as the textual part of the filename
+     * after the last dot. There must be no directory separator after the dot.
+     * The extension check is case-sensitive on all platforms.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to query, null returns false
+     * @param extensions  the extensions to check for, null checks for no extension
+     * @return true if the filename is one of the extensions
+     * @throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException if the supplied filename contains null bytes
+     */
+    public static boolean isExtension(final String filename, final Collection<String> extensions) {
+        if (filename == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        failIfNullBytePresent(filename);
+
+        if (extensions == null || extensions.isEmpty()) {
+            return indexOfExtension(filename) == NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+        final String fileExt = getExtension(filename);
+        for (final String extension : extensions) {
+            if (fileExt.equals(extension)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Checks a filename to see if it matches the specified wildcard matcher,
+     * always testing case-sensitive.
+     * <p>
+     * The wildcard matcher uses the characters '?' and '*' to represent a
+     * single or multiple (zero or more) wildcard characters.
+     * This is the same as often found on Dos/Unix command lines.
+     * The check is case-sensitive always.
+     * <pre>
+     * wildcardMatch("c.txt", "*.txt")      --&gt; true
+     * wildcardMatch("c.txt", "*.jpg")      --&gt; false
+     * wildcardMatch("a/b/c.txt", "a/b/*")  --&gt; true
+     * wildcardMatch("c.txt", "*.???")      --&gt; true
+     * wildcardMatch("c.txt", "*.????")     --&gt; false
+     * </pre>
+     * N.B. the sequence "*?" does not work properly at present in match strings.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to match on
+     * @param wildcardMatcher  the wildcard string to match against
+     * @return true if the filename matches the wilcard string
+     * @see IOCase#SENSITIVE
+     */
+    public static boolean wildcardMatch(final String filename, final String wildcardMatcher) {
+        return wildcardMatch(filename, wildcardMatcher, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks a filename to see if it matches the specified wildcard matcher
+     * using the case rules of the system.
+     * <p>
+     * The wildcard matcher uses the characters '?' and '*' to represent a
+     * single or multiple (zero or more) wildcard characters.
+     * This is the same as often found on Dos/Unix command lines.
+     * The check is case-sensitive on Unix and case-insensitive on Windows.
+     * <pre>
+     * wildcardMatch("c.txt", "*.txt")      --&gt; true
+     * wildcardMatch("c.txt", "*.jpg")      --&gt; false
+     * wildcardMatch("a/b/c.txt", "a/b/*")  --&gt; true
+     * wildcardMatch("c.txt", "*.???")      --&gt; true
+     * wildcardMatch("c.txt", "*.????")     --&gt; false
+     * </pre>
+     * N.B. the sequence "*?" does not work properly at present in match strings.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to match on
+     * @param wildcardMatcher  the wildcard string to match against
+     * @return true if the filename matches the wilcard string
+     * @see IOCase#SYSTEM
+     */
+    public static boolean wildcardMatchOnSystem(final String filename, final String wildcardMatcher) {
+        return wildcardMatch(filename, wildcardMatcher, IOCase.SYSTEM);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks a filename to see if it matches the specified wildcard matcher
+     * allowing control over case-sensitivity.
+     * <p>
+     * The wildcard matcher uses the characters '?' and '*' to represent a
+     * single or multiple (zero or more) wildcard characters.
+     * N.B. the sequence "*?" does not work properly at present in match strings.
+     *
+     * @param filename  the filename to match on
+     * @param wildcardMatcher  the wildcard string to match against
+     * @param caseSensitivity  what case sensitivity rule to use, null means case-sensitive
+     * @return true if the filename matches the wilcard string
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    public static boolean wildcardMatch(final String filename, final String wildcardMatcher, IOCase caseSensitivity) {
+        if (filename == null && wildcardMatcher == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (filename == null || wildcardMatcher == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (caseSensitivity == null) {
+            caseSensitivity = IOCase.SENSITIVE;
+        }
+        final String[] wcs = splitOnTokens(wildcardMatcher);
+        boolean anyChars = false;
+        int textIdx = 0;
+        int wcsIdx = 0;
+        final Stack<int[]> backtrack = new Stack<int[]>();
+
+        // loop around a backtrack stack, to handle complex * matching
+        do {
+            if (backtrack.size() > 0) {
+                final int[] array = backtrack.pop();
+                wcsIdx = array[0];
+                textIdx = array[1];
+                anyChars = true;
+            }
+
+            // loop whilst tokens and text left to process
+            while (wcsIdx < wcs.length) {
+
+                if (wcs[wcsIdx].equals("?")) {
+                    // ? so move to next text char
+                    textIdx++;
+                    if (textIdx > filename.length()) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    anyChars = false;
+
+                } else if (wcs[wcsIdx].equals("*")) {
+                    // set any chars status
+                    anyChars = true;
+                    if (wcsIdx == wcs.length - 1) {
+                        textIdx = filename.length();
+                    }
+
+                } else {
+                    // matching text token
+                    if (anyChars) {
+                        // any chars then try to locate text token
+                        textIdx = caseSensitivity.checkIndexOf(filename, textIdx, wcs[wcsIdx]);
+                        if (textIdx == NOT_FOUND) {
+                            // token not found
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        final int repeat = caseSensitivity.checkIndexOf(filename, textIdx + 1, wcs[wcsIdx]);
+                        if (repeat >= 0) {
+                            backtrack.push(new int[] {wcsIdx, repeat});
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        // matching from current position
+                        if (!caseSensitivity.checkRegionMatches(filename, textIdx, wcs[wcsIdx])) {
+                            // couldnt match token
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    // matched text token, move text index to end of matched token
+                    textIdx += wcs[wcsIdx].length();
+                    anyChars = false;
+                }
+
+                wcsIdx++;
+            }
+
+            // full match
+            if (wcsIdx == wcs.length && textIdx == filename.length()) {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+        } while (backtrack.size() > 0);
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Splits a string into a number of tokens.
+     * The text is split by '?' and '*'.
+     * Where multiple '*' occur consecutively they are collapsed into a single '*'.
+     *
+     * @param text  the text to split
+     * @return the array of tokens, never null
+     */
+    static String[] splitOnTokens(final String text) {
+        // used by wildcardMatch
+        // package level so a unit test may run on this
+
+        if (text.indexOf('?') == NOT_FOUND && text.indexOf('*') == NOT_FOUND) {
+            return new String[] { text };
+        }
+
+        final char[] array = text.toCharArray();
+        final ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
+        final StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
+        char prevChar = 0;
+        for (final char ch : array) {
+            if (ch == '?' || ch == '*') {
+                if (buffer.length() != 0) {
+                    list.add(buffer.toString());
+                    buffer.setLength(0);
+                }
+                if (ch == '?') {
+                    list.add("?");
+                } else if (prevChar != '*') {// ch == '*' here; check if previous char was '*'
+                    list.add("*");
+                }
+            } else {
+                buffer.append(ch);
+            }
+            prevChar = ch;
+        }
+        if (buffer.length() != 0) {
+            list.add(buffer.toString());
+        }
+
+        return list.toArray( new String[ list.size() ] );
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/HexDump.java

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+
+/**
+ * Dumps data in hexadecimal format.
+ * <p>
+ * Provides a single function to take an array of bytes and display it
+ * in hexadecimal form.
+ * <p>
+ * Origin of code: POI.
+ *
+ * @version $Id: HexDump.java 1471767 2013-04-24 23:24:19Z sebb $
+ */
+public class HexDump {
+
+    /**
+     * Instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.
+     */
+    public HexDump() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dump an array of bytes to an OutputStream. The output is formatted
+     * for human inspection, with a hexadecimal offset followed by the
+     * hexadecimal values of the next 16 bytes of data and the printable ASCII
+     * characters (if any) that those bytes represent printed per each line
+     * of output.
+     * <p>
+     * The offset argument specifies the start offset of the data array
+     * within a larger entity like a file or an incoming stream. For example,
+     * if the data array contains the third kibibyte of a file, then the
+     * offset argument should be set to 2048. The offset value printed
+     * at the beginning of each line indicates where in that larger entity
+     * the first byte on that line is located.
+     * <p>
+     * All bytes between the given index (inclusive) and the end of the
+     * data array are dumped.
+     *
+     * @param data  the byte array to be dumped
+     * @param offset  offset of the byte array within a larger entity
+     * @param stream  the OutputStream to which the data is to be
+     *               written
+     * @param index initial index into the byte array
+     *
+     * @throws IOException is thrown if anything goes wrong writing
+     *         the data to stream
+     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is
+     *         outside the data array's bounds
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the output stream is null
+     */
+
+    public static void dump(final byte[] data, final long offset,
+                            final OutputStream stream, final int index)
+            throws IOException, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException,
+            IllegalArgumentException {
+
+        if (index < 0 || index >= data.length) {
+            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(
+                    "illegal index: " + index + " into array of length "
+                    + data.length);
+        }
+        if (stream == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("cannot write to nullstream");
+        }
+        long display_offset = offset + index;
+        final StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder(74);
+
+        for (int j = index; j < data.length; j += 16) {
+            int chars_read = data.length - j;
+
+            if (chars_read > 16) {
+                chars_read = 16;
+            }
+            dump(buffer, display_offset).append(' ');
+            for (int k = 0; k < 16; k++) {
+                if (k < chars_read) {
+                    dump(buffer, data[k + j]);
+                } else {
+                    buffer.append("  ");
+                }
+                buffer.append(' ');
+            }
+            for (int k = 0; k < chars_read; k++) {
+                if (data[k + j] >= ' ' && data[k + j] < 127) {
+                    buffer.append((char) data[k + j]);
+                } else {
+                    buffer.append('.');
+                }
+            }
+            buffer.append(EOL);
+            // make explicit the dependency on the default encoding
+            stream.write(buffer.toString().getBytes(Charset.defaultCharset()));
+            stream.flush();
+            buffer.setLength(0);
+            display_offset += chars_read;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The line-separator (initializes to "line.separator" system property.
+     */
+    public static final String EOL =
+            System.getProperty("line.separator");
+    private static final char[] _hexcodes =
+            {
+                '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
+                'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F'
+            };
+    private static final int[] _shifts =
+            {
+                28, 24, 20, 16, 12, 8, 4, 0
+            };
+
+    /**
+     * Dump a long value into a StringBuilder.
+     *
+     * @param _lbuffer the StringBuilder to dump the value in
+     * @param value  the long value to be dumped
+     * @return StringBuilder containing the dumped value.
+     */
+    private static StringBuilder dump(final StringBuilder _lbuffer, final long value) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
+            _lbuffer
+                    .append(_hexcodes[(int) (value >> _shifts[j]) & 15]);
+        }
+        return _lbuffer;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dump a byte value into a StringBuilder.
+     *
+     * @param _cbuffer the StringBuilder to dump the value in
+     * @param value  the byte value to be dumped
+     * @return StringBuilder containing the dumped value.
+     */
+    private static StringBuilder dump(final StringBuilder _cbuffer, final byte value) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
+            _cbuffer.append(_hexcodes[value >> _shifts[j + 6] & 15]);
+        }
+        return _cbuffer;
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCase.java

@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+
+/**
+ * Enumeration of IO case sensitivity.
+ * <p>
+ * Different filing systems have different rules for case-sensitivity.
+ * Windows is case-insensitive, Unix is case-sensitive.
+ * <p>
+ * This class captures that difference, providing an enumeration to
+ * control how filename comparisons should be performed. It also provides
+ * methods that use the enumeration to perform comparisons.
+ * <p>
+ * Wherever possible, you should use the <code>check</code> methods in this
+ * class to compare filenames.
+ *
+ * @version $Id: IOCase.java 1483915 2013-05-17 17:02:35Z sebb $
+ * @since 1.3
+ */
+public enum IOCase implements Serializable {
+
+    /**
+     * The constant for case sensitive regardless of operating system.
+     */
+    SENSITIVE ("Sensitive", true),
+
+    /**
+     * The constant for case insensitive regardless of operating system.
+     */
+    INSENSITIVE ("Insensitive", false),
+
+    /**
+     * The constant for case sensitivity determined by the current operating system.
+     * Windows is case-insensitive when comparing filenames, Unix is case-sensitive.
+     * <p>
+     * <strong>Note:</strong> This only caters for Windows and Unix. Other operating
+     * systems (e.g. OSX and OpenVMS) are treated as case sensitive if they use the
+     * Unix file separator and case-insensitive if they use the Windows file separator
+     * (see {@link java.io.File#separatorChar}).
+     * <p>
+     * If you derialize this constant of Windows, and deserialize on Unix, or vice
+     * versa, then the value of the case-sensitivity flag will change.
+     */
+    SYSTEM ("System", !FilenameUtils.isSystemWindows());
+
+    /** Serialization version. */
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = -6343169151696340687L;
+
+    /** The enumeration name. */
+    private final String name;
+
+    /** The sensitivity flag. */
+    private final transient boolean sensitive;
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Factory method to create an IOCase from a name.
+     *
+     * @param name  the name to find
+     * @return the IOCase object
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the name is invalid
+     */
+    public static IOCase forName(final String name) {
+        for (IOCase ioCase : IOCase.values())
+        {
+            if (ioCase.getName().equals(name))
+            {
+                return ioCase;
+            }
+        }
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid IOCase name: " + name);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Private constructor.
+     *
+     * @param name  the name
+     * @param sensitive  the sensitivity
+     */
+    private IOCase(final String name, final boolean sensitive) {
+        this.name = name;
+        this.sensitive = sensitive;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replaces the enumeration from the stream with a real one.
+     * This ensures that the correct flag is set for SYSTEM.
+     *
+     * @return the resolved object
+     */
+    private Object readResolve() {
+        return forName(name);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Gets the name of the constant.
+     *
+     * @return the name of the constant
+     */
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Does the object represent case sensitive comparison.
+     *
+     * @return true if case sensitive
+     */
+    public boolean isCaseSensitive() {
+        return sensitive;
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Compares two strings using the case-sensitivity rule.
+     * <p>
+     * This method mimics {@link String#compareTo} but takes case-sensitivity
+     * into account.
+     *
+     * @param str1  the first string to compare, not null
+     * @param str2  the second string to compare, not null
+     * @return true if equal using the case rules
+     * @throws NullPointerException if either string is null
+     */
+    public int checkCompareTo(final String str1, final String str2) {
+        if (str1 == null || str2 == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException("The strings must not be null");
+        }
+        return sensitive ? str1.compareTo(str2) : str1.compareToIgnoreCase(str2);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compares two strings using the case-sensitivity rule.
+     * <p>
+     * This method mimics {@link String#equals} but takes case-sensitivity
+     * into account.
+     *
+     * @param str1  the first string to compare, not null
+     * @param str2  the second string to compare, not null
+     * @return true if equal using the case rules
+     * @throws NullPointerException if either string is null
+     */
+    public boolean checkEquals(final String str1, final String str2) {
+        if (str1 == null || str2 == null) {
+            throw new NullPointerException("The strings must not be null");
+        }
+        return sensitive ? str1.equals(str2) : str1.equalsIgnoreCase(str2);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if one string starts with another using the case-sensitivity rule.
+     * <p>
+     * This method mimics {@link String#startsWith(String)} but takes case-sensitivity
+     * into account.
+     *
+     * @param str  the string to check, not null
+     * @param start  the start to compare against, not null
+     * @return true if equal using the case rules
+     * @throws NullPointerException if either string is null
+     */
+    public boolean checkStartsWith(final String str, final String start) {
+        return str.regionMatches(!sensitive, 0, start, 0, start.length());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if one string ends with another using the case-sensitivity rule.
+     * <p>
+     * This method mimics {@link String#endsWith} but takes case-sensitivity
+     * into account.
+     *
+     * @param str  the string to check, not null
+     * @param end  the end to compare against, not null
+     * @return true if equal using the case rules
+     * @throws NullPointerException if either string is null
+     */
+    public boolean checkEndsWith(final String str, final String end) {
+        final int endLen = end.length();
+        return str.regionMatches(!sensitive, str.length() - endLen, end, 0, endLen);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if one string contains another starting at a specific index using the
+     * case-sensitivity rule.
+     * <p>
+     * This method mimics parts of {@link String#indexOf(String, int)}
+     * but takes case-sensitivity into account.
+     *
+     * @param str  the string to check, not null
+     * @param strStartIndex  the index to start at in str
+     * @param search  the start to search for, not null
+     * @return the first index of the search String,
+     *  -1 if no match or {@code null} string input
+     * @throws NullPointerException if either string is null
+     * @since 2.0
+     */
+    public int checkIndexOf(final String str, final int strStartIndex, final String search) {
+        final int endIndex = str.length() - search.length();
+        if (endIndex >= strStartIndex) {
+            for (int i = strStartIndex; i <= endIndex; i++) {
+                if (checkRegionMatches(str, i, search)) {
+                    return i;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if one string contains another at a specific index using the case-sensitivity rule.
+     * <p>
+     * This method mimics parts of {@link String#regionMatches(boolean, int, String, int, int)}
+     * but takes case-sensitivity into account.
+     *
+     * @param str  the string to check, not null
+     * @param strStartIndex  the index to start at in str
+     * @param search  the start to search for, not null
+     * @return true if equal using the case rules
+     * @throws NullPointerException if either string is null
+     */
+    public boolean checkRegionMatches(final String str, final int strStartIndex, final String search) {
+        return str.regionMatches(!sensitive, strStartIndex, search, 0, search.length());
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Gets a string describing the sensitivity.
+     *
+     * @return a string describing the sensitivity
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOExceptionWithCause.java

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * Subclasses IOException with the {@link Throwable} constructors missing before Java 6.
+ * 
+ * @version $Id: IOExceptionWithCause.java 1643107 2014-12-03 13:05:23Z sebb $
+ * @since 1.4
+ * @deprecated (since 2.5) use {@link IOException} instead
+ */
+@Deprecated
+public class IOExceptionWithCause extends IOException {
+
+    /**
+     * Defines the serial version UID.
+     */
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new instance with the given message and cause.
+     * <p>
+     * As specified in {@link Throwable}, the message in the given <code>cause</code> is not used in this instance's
+     * message.
+     * </p>
+     * 
+     * @param message
+     *            the message (see {@link #getMessage()})
+     * @param cause
+     *            the cause (see {@link #getCause()}). A {@code null} value is allowed.
+     */
+    public IOExceptionWithCause(final String message, final Throwable cause) {
+        super(message, cause);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new instance with the given cause.
+     * <p>
+     * The message is set to <code>cause==null ? null : cause.toString()</code>, which by default contains the class
+     * and message of <code>cause</code>. This constructor is useful for call sites that just wrap another throwable.
+     * </p>
+     * 
+     * @param cause
+     *            the cause (see {@link #getCause()}). A {@code null} value is allowed.
+     */
+    public IOExceptionWithCause(final Throwable cause) {
+        super(cause);
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/Java7Support.java

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+/**
+ * Java7 feature detection and reflection based feature access.
+ * <p/>
+ * Taken from maven-shared-utils, only for private usage until we go full java7
+ */
+class Java7Support {
+
+    private static final boolean IS_JAVA7;
+
+    private static Method isSymbolicLink;
+
+    private static Method delete;
+
+    private static Method toPath;
+
+    private static Method exists;
+
+    private static Method toFile;
+
+    private static Method readSymlink;
+
+    private static Method createSymlink;
+
+    private static Object emptyLinkOpts;
+
+    private static Object emptyFileAttributes;
+
+    static {
+        boolean isJava7x = true;
+        try {
+            ClassLoader cl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
+            Class<?> files = cl.loadClass("java.nio.file.Files");
+            Class<?> path = cl.loadClass("java.nio.file.Path");
+            Class<?> fa = cl.loadClass("java.nio.file.attribute.FileAttribute");
+            Class<?> linkOption = cl.loadClass("java.nio.file.LinkOption");
+            isSymbolicLink = files.getMethod("isSymbolicLink", path);
+            delete = files.getMethod("delete", path);
+            readSymlink = files.getMethod("readSymbolicLink", path);
+
+            emptyFileAttributes = Array.newInstance(fa, 0);
+            createSymlink = files.getMethod("createSymbolicLink", path, path, emptyFileAttributes.getClass());
+            emptyLinkOpts = Array.newInstance(linkOption, 0);
+            exists = files.getMethod("exists", path, emptyLinkOpts.getClass());
+            toPath = File.class.getMethod("toPath");
+            toFile = path.getMethod("toFile");
+        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+            isJava7x = false;
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+            isJava7x = false;
+        }
+        IS_JAVA7 = isJava7x;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Invokes java7 isSymbolicLink
+     * @param file The file to check
+     * @return true if the file is a symbolic link
+     */
+    public static boolean isSymLink(File file) {
+        try {
+            Object path = toPath.invoke(file);
+            Boolean result = (Boolean) isSymbolicLink.invoke(null, path);
+            return result.booleanValue();
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads the target of a symbolic link
+     * @param symlink The symlink to read
+     * @return The location the symlink is pointing to
+     * @throws IOException Upon failure
+     */
+
+    public static File readSymbolicLink(File symlink)
+            throws IOException {
+        try {
+            Object path = toPath.invoke(symlink);
+            Object resultPath = readSymlink.invoke(null, path);
+            return (File) toFile.invoke(resultPath);
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates if a symlunk target exists
+     * @param file The symlink file
+     * @return true if the target exists
+     * @throws IOException upon error
+     */
+    private static boolean exists(File file)
+            throws IOException {
+        try {
+            Object path = toPath.invoke(file);
+            final Boolean result = (Boolean) exists.invoke(null, path, emptyLinkOpts);
+            return result.booleanValue();
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+            throw (RuntimeException) e.getTargetException();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a symbolic link
+     * @param symlink The symlink to create
+     * @param target Where it should point
+     * @return The newly created symlink
+     * @throws IOException upon error
+     */
+    public static File createSymbolicLink(File symlink, File target)
+            throws IOException {
+        try {
+            if (!exists(symlink)) {
+                Object link = toPath.invoke(symlink);
+                Object path = createSymlink.invoke(null, link, toPath.invoke(target), emptyFileAttributes);
+                return (File) toFile.invoke(path);
+            }
+            return symlink;
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+            final Throwable targetException = e.getTargetException();
+            throw (IOException) targetException;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a nio delete
+     *
+     * @param file the file to delete
+     * @throws IOException Upon error
+     */
+    public static void delete(File file)
+            throws IOException {
+        try {
+            Object path = toPath.invoke(file);
+            delete.invoke(null, path);
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+            throw (IOException) e.getTargetException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates if the current vm has java7 lubrary support
+     * @return true if java7 library support
+     */
+    public static boolean isAtLeastJava7() {
+        return IS_JAVA7;
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+
+/**
+ * An Iterator over the lines in a <code>Reader</code>.
+ * <p>
+ * <code>LineIterator</code> holds a reference to an open <code>Reader</code>.
+ * When you have finished with the iterator you should close the reader
+ * to free internal resources. This can be done by closing the reader directly,
+ * or by calling the {@link #close()} or {@link #closeQuietly(LineIterator)}
+ * method on the iterator.
+ * <p>
+ * The recommended usage pattern is:
+ * <pre>
+ * LineIterator it = FileUtils.lineIterator(file, "UTF-8");
+ * try {
+ *   while (it.hasNext()) {
+ *     String line = it.nextLine();
+ *     // do something with line
+ *   }
+ * } finally {
+ *   it.close();
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * @version $Id: LineIterator.java 1471767 2013-04-24 23:24:19Z sebb $
+ * @since 1.2
+ */
+public class LineIterator implements Iterator<String> {
+
+    // N.B. This class deliberately does not implement Iterable, see https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-181
+
+    /** The reader that is being read. */
+    private final BufferedReader bufferedReader;
+    /** The current line. */
+    private String cachedLine;
+    /** A flag indicating if the iterator has been fully read. */
+    private boolean finished = false;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an iterator of the lines for a <code>Reader</code>.
+     *
+     * @param reader the <code>Reader</code> to read from, not null
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the reader is null
+     */
+    public LineIterator(final Reader reader) throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        if (reader == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Reader must not be null");
+        }
+        if (reader instanceof BufferedReader) {
+            bufferedReader = (BufferedReader) reader;
+        } else {
+            bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(reader);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Indicates whether the <code>Reader</code> has more lines.
+     * If there is an <code>IOException</code> then {@link #close()} will
+     * be called on this instance.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if the Reader has more lines
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if an IO exception occurs
+     */
+    public boolean hasNext() {
+        if (cachedLine != null) {
+            return true;
+        } else if (finished) {
+            return false;
+        } else {
+            try {
+                while (true) {
+                    final String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
+                    if (line == null) {
+                        finished = true;
+                        return false;
+                    } else if (isValidLine(line)) {
+                        cachedLine = line;
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch(final IOException ioe) {
+                close();
+                throw new IllegalStateException(ioe);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Overridable method to validate each line that is returned.
+     * This implementation always returns true.
+     * @param line  the line that is to be validated
+     * @return true if valid, false to remove from the iterator
+     */
+    protected boolean isValidLine(final String line) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the next line in the wrapped <code>Reader</code>.
+     *
+     * @return the next line from the input
+     * @throws NoSuchElementException if there is no line to return
+     */
+    public String next() {
+        return nextLine();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the next line in the wrapped <code>Reader</code>.
+     *
+     * @return the next line from the input
+     * @throws NoSuchElementException if there is no line to return
+     */
+    public String nextLine() {
+        if (!hasNext()) {
+            throw new NoSuchElementException("No more lines");
+        }
+        final String currentLine = cachedLine;
+        cachedLine = null;
+        return currentLine;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Closes the underlying <code>Reader</code> quietly.
+     * This method is useful if you only want to process the first few
+     * lines of a larger file. If you do not close the iterator
+     * then the <code>Reader</code> remains open.
+     * This method can safely be called multiple times.
+     */
+    public void close() {
+        finished = true;
+        IOUtils.closeQuietly(bufferedReader);
+        cachedLine = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unsupported.
+     *
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
+     */
+    public void remove() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Remove unsupported on LineIterator");
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Closes the iterator, handling null and ignoring exceptions.
+     *
+     * @param iterator  the iterator to close
+     */
+    public static void closeQuietly(final LineIterator iterator) {
+        if (iterator != null) {
+            iterator.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/TaggedIOException.java

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+
+/**
+ * An {@link IOException} decorator that adds a serializable tag to the
+ * wrapped exception. Both the tag and the original exception can be used
+ * to determine further processing when this exception is caught.
+ *
+ * @since 2.0
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings("deprecation") // needs to extend deprecated IOExceptionWithCause to preserve binary compatibility 
+public class TaggedIOException extends IOExceptionWithCause {
+
+    /**
+     * Generated serial version UID.
+     */
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = -6994123481142850163L;
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the given throwable is tagged with the given tag.
+     * <p>
+     * This check can only succeed if the throwable is a
+     * {@link TaggedIOException} and the tag is {@link Serializable}, but
+     * the argument types are intentionally more generic to make it easier
+     * to use this method without type casts.
+     * <p>
+     * A typical use for this method is in a <code>catch</code> block to
+     * determine how a caught exception should be handled:
+     * <pre>
+     * Serializable tag = ...;
+     * try {
+     *     ...;
+     * } catch (Throwable t) {
+     *     if (TaggedIOExcepton.isTaggedWith(t, tag)) {
+     *         // special processing for tagged exception
+     *     } else {
+     *         // handling of other kinds of exceptions
+     *     }
+     * }
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * @param throwable The Throwable object to check
+     * @param tag tag object
+     * @return {@code true} if the throwable has the specified tag,
+     * otherwise {@code false}
+     */
+    public static boolean isTaggedWith(final Throwable throwable, final Object tag) {
+        return tag != null
+            && throwable instanceof TaggedIOException
+            && tag.equals(((TaggedIOException) throwable).tag);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Throws the original {@link IOException} if the given throwable is
+     * a {@link TaggedIOException} decorator the given tag. Does nothing
+     * if the given throwable is of a different type or if it is tagged
+     * with some other tag.
+     * <p>
+     * This method is typically used in a <code>catch</code> block to
+     * selectively rethrow tagged exceptions.
+     * <pre>
+     * Serializable tag = ...;
+     * try {
+     *     ...;
+     * } catch (Throwable t) {
+     *     TaggedIOExcepton.throwCauseIfTagged(t, tag);
+     *     // handle other kinds of exceptions
+     * }
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * @param throwable an exception
+     * @param tag tag object
+     * @throws IOException original exception from the tagged decorator, if any
+     */
+    public static void throwCauseIfTaggedWith(final Throwable throwable, final Object tag)
+            throws IOException {
+        if (isTaggedWith(throwable, tag)) {
+            throw ((TaggedIOException) throwable).getCause();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The tag of this exception.
+     */
+    private final Serializable tag;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a tagged wrapper for the given exception.
+     *
+     * @param original the exception to be tagged
+     * @param tag tag of this exception
+     */
+    public TaggedIOException(final IOException original, final Serializable tag) {
+        super(original.getMessage(), original);
+        this.tag = tag;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the serializable tag object.
+     *
+     * @return tag object
+     */
+    public Serializable getTag() {
+        return tag;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the wrapped exception. The only difference to the overridden
+     * {@link Throwable#getCause()} method is the narrower return type.
+     *
+     * @return wrapped exception
+     */
+    @Override
+    public IOException getCause() {
+        return (IOException) super.getCause();
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+/**
+ * Monitors a thread, interrupting it if it reaches the specified timeout.
+ * <p>
+ * This works by sleeping until the specified timeout amount and then
+ * interrupting the thread being monitored. If the thread being monitored
+ * completes its work before being interrupted, it should <code>interrupt()</code>
+ * the <i>monitor</i> thread.
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * <pre>
+ *       long timeoutInMillis = 1000;
+ *       try {
+ *           Thread monitor = ThreadMonitor.start(timeoutInMillis);
+ *           // do some work here
+ *           ThreadMonitor.stop(monitor);
+ *       } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+ *           // timed amount was reached
+ *       }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * @version  $Id: ThreadMonitor.java 1718945 2015-12-09 19:51:14Z krosenvold $
+ */
+class ThreadMonitor implements Runnable {
+
+    private final Thread thread;
+    private final long timeout;
+
+    /**
+     * Start monitoring the current thread.
+     *
+     * @param timeout The timeout amount in milliseconds
+     * or no timeout if the value is zero or less
+     * @return The monitor thread or {@code null}
+     * if the timeout amount is not greater than zero
+     */
+    public static Thread start(final long timeout) {
+        return start(Thread.currentThread(), timeout);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start monitoring the specified thread.
+     *
+     * @param thread The thread The thread to monitor
+     * @param timeout The timeout amount in milliseconds
+     * or no timeout if the value is zero or less
+     * @return The monitor thread or {@code null}
+     * if the timeout amount is not greater than zero
+     */
+    public static Thread start(final Thread thread, final long timeout) {
+        Thread monitor = null;
+        if (timeout > 0) {
+            final ThreadMonitor timout = new ThreadMonitor(thread, timeout);
+            monitor = new Thread(timout, ThreadMonitor.class.getSimpleName());
+            monitor.setDaemon(true);
+            monitor.start();
+        }
+        return monitor;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stop monitoring the specified thread.
+     *
+     * @param thread The monitor thread, may be {@code null}
+     */
+    public static void stop(final Thread thread) {
+        if (thread != null) {
+            thread.interrupt();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct and new monitor.
+     *
+     * @param thread The thread to monitor
+     * @param timeout The timeout amount in milliseconds
+     */
+    private ThreadMonitor(final Thread thread, final long timeout) {
+        this.thread = thread;
+        this.timeout = timeout;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sleep until the specified timeout amount and then
+     * interrupt the thread being monitored.
+     *
+     * @see Runnable#run()
+     */
+    public void run() {
+        try {
+            sleep(timeout);
+            thread.interrupt();
+        } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+            // timeout not reached
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sleep for a guaranteed minimum number of milliseconds unless interrupted.
+     *
+     * This method exists because Thread.sleep(100) can sleep for 0, 70, 100 or 200ms or anything else
+     * it deems appropriate. Read the docs on Thread.sleep for further interesting details.
+     * @
+     * @param ms the number of milliseconds to sleep for
+     * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted
+     */
+    private static void sleep(long ms) throws InterruptedException {
+        long finishAt = System.currentTimeMillis() + ms;
+        long remaining = ms;
+        do {
+            Thread.sleep(remaining);
+            remaining = finishAt - System.currentTimeMillis();
+        } while (remaining > 0);
+    }
+
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/AbstractFileComparator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Abstract file {@link Comparator} which provides sorting for file arrays and lists.
+ *
+ * @version $Id: AbstractFileComparator.java 1415850 2012-11-30 20:51:39Z ggregory $
+ * @since 2.0
+ */
+abstract class AbstractFileComparator implements Comparator<File> {
+
+    /**
+     * Sort an array of files.
+     * <p>
+     * This method uses {@link Arrays#sort(Object[], Comparator)}
+     * and returns the original array.
+     *
+     * @param files The files to sort, may be null
+     * @return The sorted array
+     * @since 2.0
+     */
+    public File[] sort(final File... files) {
+        if (files != null) {
+            Arrays.sort(files, this);
+        }
+        return files;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sort a List of files.
+     * <p>
+     * This method uses {@link Collections#sort(List, Comparator)}
+     * and returns the original list.
+     *
+     * @param files The files to sort, may be null
+     * @return The sorted list
+     * @since 2.0
+     */
+    public List<File> sort(final List<File> files) {
+        if (files != null) {
+            Collections.sort(files, this);
+        }
+        return files;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * String representation of this file comparator.
+     *
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return getClass().getSimpleName();
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/CompositeFileComparator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Compare two files using a set of delegate file {@link Comparator}.
+ * <p>
+ * This comparator can be used to sort lists or arrays of files
+ * by combining a number other comparators.
+ * <p>
+ * Example of sorting a list of files by type (i.e. directory or file)
+ * and then by name:
+ * <pre>
+ *       CompositeFileComparator comparator =
+ *                       new CompositeFileComparator(
+ *                                 (AbstractFileComparator) DirectoryFileComparator.DIRECTORY_COMPARATOR,
+ *                                 (AbstractFileComparator) NameFileComparator.NAME_COMPARATOR);
+ *       List&lt;File&gt; list = ...
+ *       comparator.sort(list);
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * @version $Id: CompositeFileComparator.java 1642757 2014-12-01 21:09:30Z sebb $
+ * @since 2.0
+ */
+public class CompositeFileComparator extends AbstractFileComparator implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = -2224170307287243428L;
+    private static final Comparator<?>[] NO_COMPARATORS = {};
+    private final Comparator<File>[] delegates;
+
+    /**
+     * Create a composite comparator for the set of delegate comparators.
+     *
+     * @param delegates The delegate file comparators
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // casts 1 & 2 must be OK because types are already correct
+    public CompositeFileComparator(final Comparator<File>... delegates) {
+        if (delegates == null) {
+            this.delegates = (Comparator<File>[]) NO_COMPARATORS;//1
+        } else {
+            this.delegates = (Comparator<File>[]) new Comparator<?>[delegates.length];//2
+            System.arraycopy(delegates, 0, this.delegates, 0, delegates.length);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a composite comparator for the set of delegate comparators.
+     *
+     * @param delegates The delegate file comparators
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // casts 1 & 2 must be OK because types are already correct
+    public CompositeFileComparator(final Iterable<Comparator<File>> delegates) {
+        if (delegates == null) {
+            this.delegates = (Comparator<File>[]) NO_COMPARATORS; //1
+        } else {
+            final List<Comparator<File>> list = new ArrayList<Comparator<File>>();
+            for (final Comparator<File> comparator : delegates) {
+                list.add(comparator);
+            }
+            this.delegates = (Comparator<File>[]) list.toArray(new Comparator<?>[list.size()]); //2
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compare the two files using delegate comparators.
+     * 
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @return the first non-zero result returned from
+     * the delegate comparators or zero.
+     */
+    public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
+        int result = 0;
+        for (final Comparator<File> delegate : delegates) {
+            result = delegate.compare(file1, file2);
+            if (result != 0) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * String representation of this file comparator.
+     *
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        final StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+        builder.append(super.toString());
+        builder.append('{');
+        for (int i = 0; i < delegates.length; i++) {
+            if (i > 0) {
+                builder.append(',');
+            }
+            builder.append(delegates[i]);
+        }
+        builder.append('}');
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/DefaultFileComparator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+
+/**
+ * Compare two files using the <b>default</b> {@link File#compareTo(File)} method.
+ * <p>
+ * This comparator can be used to sort lists or arrays of files
+ * by using the default file comparison.
+ * <p>
+ * Example of sorting a list of files using the
+ * {@link #DEFAULT_COMPARATOR} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       List&lt;File&gt; list = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) DefaultFileComparator.DEFAULT_COMPARATOR).sort(list);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * Example of doing a <i>reverse</i> sort of an array of files using the
+ * {@link #DEFAULT_REVERSE} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       File[] array = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) DefaultFileComparator.DEFAULT_REVERSE).sort(array);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * @version $Id: DefaultFileComparator.java 1642757 2014-12-01 21:09:30Z sebb $
+ * @since 1.4
+ */
+public class DefaultFileComparator extends AbstractFileComparator implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 3260141861365313518L;
+
+    /** Singleton default comparator instance */
+    public static final Comparator<File> DEFAULT_COMPARATOR = new DefaultFileComparator();
+
+    /** Singleton reverse default comparator instance */
+    public static final Comparator<File> DEFAULT_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(DEFAULT_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /**
+     * Compare the two files using the {@link File#compareTo(File)} method.
+     * 
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @return the result of calling file1's
+     * {@link File#compareTo(File)} with file2 as the parameter.
+     */
+    public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
+        return file1.compareTo(file2);
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/DirectoryFileComparator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+
+/**
+ * Compare two files using the {@link File#isDirectory()} method.
+ * <p>
+ * This comparator can be used to sort lists or arrays by directories and files.
+ * <p>
+ * Example of sorting a list of files/directories using the
+ * {@link #DIRECTORY_COMPARATOR} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       List&lt;File&gt; list = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) DirectoryFileComparator.DIRECTORY_COMPARATOR).sort(list);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * Example of doing a <i>reverse</i> sort of an array of files/directories using the
+ * {@link #DIRECTORY_REVERSE} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       File[] array = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) DirectoryFileComparator.DIRECTORY_REVERSE).sort(array);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * @version $Id: DirectoryFileComparator.java 1642757 2014-12-01 21:09:30Z sebb $
+ * @since 2.0
+ */
+public class DirectoryFileComparator extends AbstractFileComparator implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 296132640160964395L;
+
+    /** Singleton default comparator instance */
+    public static final Comparator<File> DIRECTORY_COMPARATOR = new DirectoryFileComparator();
+
+    /** Singleton reverse default comparator instance */
+    public static final Comparator<File> DIRECTORY_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(DIRECTORY_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /**
+     * Compare the two files using the {@link File#isDirectory()} method.
+     * 
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @return the result of calling file1's
+     * {@link File#compareTo(File)} with file2 as the parameter.
+     */
+    public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
+        return getType(file1) - getType(file2);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert type to numeric value.
+     *
+     * @param file The file
+     * @return 1 for directories and 2 for files
+     */
+    private int getType(final File file) {
+        if (file.isDirectory()) {
+            return 1;
+        } else {
+            return 2;
+        }
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/ExtensionFileComparator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+
+import org.apache.commons.io.FilenameUtils;
+import org.apache.commons.io.IOCase;
+
+/**
+ * Compare the file name <b>extensions</b> for order
+ * (see {@link FilenameUtils#getExtension(String)}).
+ * <p>
+ * This comparator can be used to sort lists or arrays of files
+ * by their file extension either in a case-sensitive, case-insensitive or
+ * system dependent case sensitive way. A number of singleton instances
+ * are provided for the various case sensitivity options (using {@link IOCase})
+ * and the reverse of those options.
+ * <p>
+ * Example of a <i>case-sensitive</i> file extension sort using the
+ * {@link #EXTENSION_COMPARATOR} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       List&lt;File&gt; list = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) ExtensionFileComparator.EXTENSION_COMPARATOR).sort(list);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * Example of a <i>reverse case-insensitive</i> file extension sort using the
+ * {@link #EXTENSION_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       File[] array = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) ExtensionFileComparator.EXTENSION_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE).sort(array);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * @version $Id: ExtensionFileComparator.java 1642757 2014-12-01 21:09:30Z sebb $
+ * @since 1.4
+ */
+public class ExtensionFileComparator extends AbstractFileComparator implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1928235200184222815L;
+
+    /** Case-sensitive extension comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> EXTENSION_COMPARATOR = new ExtensionFileComparator();
+
+    /** Reverse case-sensitive extension comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> EXTENSION_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(EXTENSION_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /** Case-insensitive extension comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#INSENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> EXTENSION_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR
+                                                = new ExtensionFileComparator(IOCase.INSENSITIVE);
+
+    /** Reverse case-insensitive extension comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#INSENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> EXTENSION_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE
+                                                = new ReverseComparator(EXTENSION_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /** System sensitive extension comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SYSTEM}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> EXTENSION_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR = new ExtensionFileComparator(IOCase.SYSTEM);
+
+    /** Reverse system sensitive path comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SYSTEM}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> EXTENSION_SYSTEM_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(EXTENSION_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /** Whether the comparison is case sensitive. */
+    private final IOCase caseSensitivity;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a case sensitive file extension comparator instance.
+     */
+    public ExtensionFileComparator() {
+        this.caseSensitivity = IOCase.SENSITIVE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a file extension comparator instance with the specified case-sensitivity.
+     *
+     * @param caseSensitivity how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
+     */
+    public ExtensionFileComparator(final IOCase caseSensitivity) {
+        this.caseSensitivity = caseSensitivity == null ? IOCase.SENSITIVE : caseSensitivity;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compare the extensions of two files the specified case sensitivity.
+     * 
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @return a negative value if the first file's extension
+     * is less than the second, zero if the extensions are the
+     * same and a positive value if the first files extension
+     * is greater than the second file.
+     * 
+     */
+    public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
+        final String suffix1 = FilenameUtils.getExtension(file1.getName());
+        final String suffix2 = FilenameUtils.getExtension(file2.getName());
+        return caseSensitivity.checkCompareTo(suffix1, suffix2);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * String representation of this file comparator.
+     *
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return super.toString() + "[caseSensitivity=" + caseSensitivity + "]";
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/LastModifiedFileComparator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+
+/**
+ * Compare the <b>last modified date/time</b> of two files for order 
+ * (see {@link File#lastModified()}).
+ * <p>
+ * This comparator can be used to sort lists or arrays of files
+ * by their last modified date/time.
+ * <p>
+ * Example of sorting a list of files using the
+ * {@link #LASTMODIFIED_COMPARATOR} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       List&lt;File&gt; list = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) LastModifiedFileComparator.LASTMODIFIED_COMPARATOR).sort(list);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * Example of doing a <i>reverse</i> sort of an array of files using the
+ * {@link #LASTMODIFIED_REVERSE} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       File[] array = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) LastModifiedFileComparator.LASTMODIFIED_REVERSE).sort(array);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * @version $Id: LastModifiedFileComparator.java 1642757 2014-12-01 21:09:30Z sebb $
+ * @since 1.4
+ */
+public class LastModifiedFileComparator extends AbstractFileComparator implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 7372168004395734046L;
+
+    /** Last modified comparator instance */
+    public static final Comparator<File> LASTMODIFIED_COMPARATOR = new LastModifiedFileComparator();
+
+    /** Reverse last modified comparator instance */
+    public static final Comparator<File> LASTMODIFIED_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(LASTMODIFIED_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /**
+     * Compare the last the last modified date/time of two files.
+     * 
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @return a negative value if the first file's lastmodified date/time
+     * is less than the second, zero if the lastmodified date/time are the
+     * same and a positive value if the first files lastmodified date/time
+     * is greater than the second file.
+     * 
+     */
+    public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
+        final long result = file1.lastModified() - file2.lastModified();
+        if (result < 0) {
+            return -1;
+        } else if (result > 0) {
+            return 1;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/NameFileComparator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+
+import org.apache.commons.io.IOCase;
+
+/**
+ * Compare the <b>names</b> of two files for order (see {@link File#getName()}).
+ * <p>
+ * This comparator can be used to sort lists or arrays of files
+ * by their name either in a case-sensitive, case-insensitive or
+ * system dependent case sensitive way. A number of singleton instances
+ * are provided for the various case sensitivity options (using {@link IOCase})
+ * and the reverse of those options.
+ * <p>
+ * Example of a <i>case-sensitive</i> file name sort using the
+ * {@link #NAME_COMPARATOR} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       List&lt;File&gt; list = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) NameFileComparator.NAME_COMPARATOR).sort(list);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * Example of a <i>reverse case-insensitive</i> file name sort using the
+ * {@link #NAME_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       File[] array = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) NameFileComparator.NAME_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE).sort(array);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * @version $Id: NameFileComparator.java 1642757 2014-12-01 21:09:30Z sebb $
+ * @since 1.4
+ */
+public class NameFileComparator extends AbstractFileComparator implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 8397947749814525798L;
+
+    /** Case-sensitive name comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> NAME_COMPARATOR = new NameFileComparator();
+
+    /** Reverse case-sensitive name comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> NAME_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(NAME_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /** Case-insensitive name comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#INSENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> NAME_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR = new NameFileComparator(IOCase.INSENSITIVE);
+
+    /** Reverse case-insensitive name comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#INSENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> NAME_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(NAME_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /** System sensitive name comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SYSTEM}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> NAME_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR = new NameFileComparator(IOCase.SYSTEM);
+
+    /** Reverse system sensitive name comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SYSTEM}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> NAME_SYSTEM_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(NAME_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /** Whether the comparison is case sensitive. */
+    private final IOCase caseSensitivity;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a case sensitive file name comparator instance.
+     */
+    public NameFileComparator() {
+        this.caseSensitivity = IOCase.SENSITIVE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a file name comparator instance with the specified case-sensitivity.
+     *
+     * @param caseSensitivity  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
+     */
+    public NameFileComparator(final IOCase caseSensitivity) {
+        this.caseSensitivity = caseSensitivity == null ? IOCase.SENSITIVE : caseSensitivity;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compare the names of two files with the specified case sensitivity.
+     * 
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @return a negative value if the first file's name
+     * is less than the second, zero if the names are the
+     * same and a positive value if the first files name
+     * is greater than the second file.
+     */
+    public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
+        return caseSensitivity.checkCompareTo(file1.getName(), file2.getName());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * String representation of this file comparator.
+     *
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return super.toString() + "[caseSensitivity=" + caseSensitivity + "]";
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/PathFileComparator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+
+import org.apache.commons.io.IOCase;
+
+/**
+ * Compare the <b>path</b> of two files for order (see {@link File#getPath()}).
+ * <p>
+ * This comparator can be used to sort lists or arrays of files
+ * by their path either in a case-sensitive, case-insensitive or
+ * system dependent case sensitive way. A number of singleton instances
+ * are provided for the various case sensitivity options (using {@link IOCase})
+ * and the reverse of those options.
+ * <p>
+ * Example of a <i>case-sensitive</i> file path sort using the
+ * {@link #PATH_COMPARATOR} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       List&lt;File&gt; list = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) PathFileComparator.PATH_COMPARATOR).sort(list);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * Example of a <i>reverse case-insensitive</i> file path sort using the
+ * {@link #PATH_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       File[] array = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) PathFileComparator.PATH_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE).sort(array);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * @version $Id: PathFileComparator.java 1642757 2014-12-01 21:09:30Z sebb $
+ * @since 1.4
+ */
+public class PathFileComparator extends AbstractFileComparator implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6527501707585768673L;
+
+    /** Case-sensitive path comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> PATH_COMPARATOR = new PathFileComparator();
+
+    /** Reverse case-sensitive path comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> PATH_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(PATH_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /** Case-insensitive path comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#INSENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> PATH_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR = new PathFileComparator(IOCase.INSENSITIVE);
+
+    /** Reverse case-insensitive path comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#INSENSITIVE}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> PATH_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(PATH_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /** System sensitive path comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SYSTEM}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> PATH_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR = new PathFileComparator(IOCase.SYSTEM);
+
+    /** Reverse system sensitive path comparator instance (see {@link IOCase#SYSTEM}) */
+    public static final Comparator<File> PATH_SYSTEM_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(PATH_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /** Whether the comparison is case sensitive. */
+    private final IOCase caseSensitivity;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a case sensitive file path comparator instance.
+     */
+    public PathFileComparator() {
+        this.caseSensitivity = IOCase.SENSITIVE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a file path comparator instance with the specified case-sensitivity.
+     *
+     * @param caseSensitivity  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
+     */
+    public PathFileComparator(final IOCase caseSensitivity) {
+        this.caseSensitivity = caseSensitivity == null ? IOCase.SENSITIVE : caseSensitivity;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compare the paths of two files the specified case sensitivity.
+     * 
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @return a negative value if the first file's path
+     * is less than the second, zero if the paths are the
+     * same and a positive value if the first files path
+     * is greater than the second file.
+     * 
+     */
+    public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
+        return caseSensitivity.checkCompareTo(file1.getPath(), file2.getPath());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * String representation of this file comparator.
+     *
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return super.toString() + "[caseSensitivity=" + caseSensitivity + "]";
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/ReverseComparator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+
+/**
+ * Reverses the result of comparing two objects using
+ * the delegate {@link Comparator}.
+ *
+ * @version $Id: ReverseComparator.java 1642757 2014-12-01 21:09:30Z sebb $
+ * @since 1.4
+ */
+class ReverseComparator extends AbstractFileComparator implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = -4808255005272229056L;
+    private final Comparator<File> delegate;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct an instance with the sepecified delegate {@link Comparator}.
+     *
+     * @param delegate The comparator to delegate to
+     */
+    public ReverseComparator(final Comparator<File> delegate) {
+        if (delegate == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Delegate comparator is missing");
+        }
+        this.delegate = delegate;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compare using the delegate Comparator, but reversing the result.
+     * 
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @return the result from the delegate {@link Comparator#compare(Object, Object)}
+     * reversing the value (i.e. positive becomes negative and vice versa)
+     */
+    public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
+        return delegate.compare(file2, file1); // parameters switched round
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * String representation of this file comparator.
+     *
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return super.toString() + "[" + delegate.toString() + "]";
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/SizeFileComparator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.comparator;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+
+import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
+
+/**
+ * Compare the <b>length/size</b> of two files for order (see
+ * {@link File#length()} and {@link FileUtils#sizeOfDirectory(File)}).
+ * <p>
+ * This comparator can be used to sort lists or arrays of files
+ * by their length/size.
+ * <p>
+ * Example of sorting a list of files using the
+ * {@link #SIZE_COMPARATOR} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       List&lt;File&gt; list = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) SizeFileComparator.SIZE_COMPARATOR).sort(list);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * Example of doing a <i>reverse</i> sort of an array of files using the
+ * {@link #SIZE_REVERSE} singleton instance:
+ * <pre>
+ *       File[] array = ...
+ *       ((AbstractFileComparator) SizeFileComparator.SIZE_REVERSE).sort(array);
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * <strong>N.B.</strong> Directories are treated as <b>zero size</b> unless
+ * <code>sumDirectoryContents</code> is {@code true}.
+ *
+ * @version $Id: SizeFileComparator.java 1642757 2014-12-01 21:09:30Z sebb $
+ * @since 1.4
+ */
+public class SizeFileComparator extends AbstractFileComparator implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = -1201561106411416190L;
+
+    /** Size comparator instance - directories are treated as zero size */
+    public static final Comparator<File> SIZE_COMPARATOR = new SizeFileComparator();
+
+    /** Reverse size comparator instance - directories are treated as zero size */
+    public static final Comparator<File> SIZE_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(SIZE_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /**
+     * Size comparator instance which sums the size of a directory's contents
+     * using {@link FileUtils#sizeOfDirectory(File)}
+     */
+    public static final Comparator<File> SIZE_SUMDIR_COMPARATOR = new SizeFileComparator(true);
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse size comparator instance which sums the size of a directory's contents
+     * using {@link FileUtils#sizeOfDirectory(File)}
+     */
+    public static final Comparator<File> SIZE_SUMDIR_REVERSE = new ReverseComparator(SIZE_SUMDIR_COMPARATOR);
+
+    /** Whether the sum of the directory's contents should be calculated. */
+    private final boolean sumDirectoryContents;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a file size comparator instance (directories treated as zero size).
+     */
+    public SizeFileComparator() {
+        this.sumDirectoryContents = false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a file size comparator instance specifying whether the size of
+     * the directory contents should be aggregated.
+     * <p>
+     * If the <code>sumDirectoryContents</code> is {@code true} The size of
+     * directories is calculated using  {@link FileUtils#sizeOfDirectory(File)}.
+     *
+     * @param sumDirectoryContents {@code true} if the sum of the directoryies contents
+     *  should be calculated, otherwise {@code false} if directories should be treated
+     *  as size zero (see {@link FileUtils#sizeOfDirectory(File)}).
+     */
+    public SizeFileComparator(final boolean sumDirectoryContents) {
+        this.sumDirectoryContents = sumDirectoryContents;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compare the length of two files.
+     * 
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @return a negative value if the first file's length
+     * is less than the second, zero if the lengths are the
+     * same and a positive value if the first files length
+     * is greater than the second file.
+     * 
+     */
+    public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
+        long size1 = 0;
+        if (file1.isDirectory()) {
+            size1 = sumDirectoryContents && file1.exists() ? FileUtils.sizeOfDirectory(file1) : 0;
+        } else {
+            size1 = file1.length();
+        }
+        long size2 = 0;
+        if (file2.isDirectory()) {
+            size2 = sumDirectoryContents && file2.exists() ? FileUtils.sizeOfDirectory(file2) : 0;
+        } else {
+            size2 = file2.length();
+        }
+        final long result = size1 - size2;
+        if (result < 0) {
+            return -1;
+        } else if (result > 0) {
+            return 1;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * String representation of this file comparator.
+     *
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return super.toString() + "[sumDirectoryContents=" + sumDirectoryContents + "]";
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/package.html

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
+<!--
+Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<body>
+<p>This package provides various {@link java.util.Comparator} implementations
+for {@link java.io.File}s.
+</p>
+<h3>Sorting</h3>
+<p>
+  All the compartors include <i>convenience</i> utility <code>sort(File...)</code> and
+  <code>sort(List)</code> methods.
+</p>
+<p>
+  For example, to sort the files in a directory by name:
+</p>
+  <pre>
+        File[] files = dir.listFiles();
+        NameFileComparator.NAME_COMPARATOR.sort(files);
+  </pre>
+<p>
+  ...alternatively you can do this in one line:
+</p>
+<p>
+  <pre>
+        File[] files = NameFileComparator.NAME_COMPARATOR.sort(dir.listFiles());
+  </pre>
+</p>
+
+<h3>Composite Comparator</h3>
+<p>
+  The <a href="CompositeFileComparator.html">CompositeFileComparator</a> can be used
+  to compare (and sort lists or arrays of files) by combining a number other comparators.
+</p>
+<p>
+  For example, to sort an array of files by type (i.e. directory or file)
+  and then by name:
+</p>
+<p>
+  <pre>
+        CompositeFileComparator comparator =
+                        new CompositeFileComparator(
+                                    DirectoryFileComparator.DIRECTORY_COMPARATOR,
+                                    NameFileComparator.NAME_COMPARATOR);
+        File[] files = dir.listFiles();
+        comparator.sort(files);
+  </pre>
+</p>
+
+<h3>Singleton Instances (thread-safe)</h3>
+<p>
+ The {@link java.util.Comparator} implementations have some <i>convenience</i>
+ singleton(<i>thread-safe</i>) instances ready to use:
+ <ul>
+    <li><a href="DefaultFileComparator.html">DefaultFileComparator</a> - default file compare:
+        <ul>
+           <li><a href="DefaultFileComparator.html#DEFAULT_COMPARATOR">DEFAULT_COMPARATOR</a>
+               - Compare using <code>File.compareTo(File)</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="DefaultFileComparator.html#DEFAULT_REVERSE">DEFAULT_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse compare of <code>File.compareTo(File)</code> method.
+           </li>
+        </ul>
+    </li>
+    <li><a href="DirectoryFileComparator.html">DirectoryFileComparator</a> - compare by type (directory or file):
+        <ul>
+           <li><a href="DirectoryFileComparator.html#DIRECTORY_COMPARATOR">DIRECTORY_COMPARATOR</a>
+               - Compare using <code>File.isDirectory()</code> method (directories < files).
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="DirectoryFileComparator.html#DIRECTORY_REVERSE">DIRECTORY_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse compare of <code>File.isDirectory()</code> method  (directories > files).
+           </li>
+        </ul>
+    </li>
+    <li><a href="ExtensionFileComparator.html">ExtensionFileComparator</a> - compare file extenstions:
+        <ul>
+           <li><a href="ExtensionFileComparator.html#EXTENSION_COMPARATOR">EXTENSION_COMPARATOR</a>
+               - Compare using <code>FilenameUtils.getExtension(String)</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="ExtensionFileComparator.html#EXTENSION_REVERSE">EXTENSION_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse compare of <code>FilenameUtils.getExtension(String)</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="ExtensionFileComparator.html#EXTENSION_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR">EXTENSION_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR</a>
+               - Case-insensitive compare using <code>FilenameUtils.getExtension(String)</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="ExtensionFileComparator.html#EXTENSION_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE">EXTENSION_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse case-insensitive compare of <code>FilenameUtils.getExtension(String)</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="ExtensionFileComparator.html#EXTENSION_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR">EXTENSION_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR</a>
+               -  System sensitive compare using <code>FilenameUtils.getExtension(String)</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="ExtensionFileComparator.html#EXTENSION_SYSTEM_REVERSE">EXTENSION_SYSTEM_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse system sensitive compare of <code>FilenameUtils.getExtension(String)</code> method.
+           </li>
+        </ul>
+    </li>
+    <li><a href="LastModifiedFileComparator.html">LastModifiedFileComparator</a>
+        - compare the file's last modified date/time:
+        <ul>
+           <li><a href="LastModifiedFileComparator.html#LASTMODIFIED_COMPARATOR">LASTMODIFIED_COMPARATOR</a>
+               - Compare using <code>File.lastModified()</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="LastModifiedFileComparator.html#LASTMODIFIED_REVERSE">LASTMODIFIED_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse compare of <code>File.lastModified()</code> method.
+           </li>
+        </ul>
+    </li>
+     <li><a href="NameFileComparator.html">NameFileComparator</a> - compare file names:
+        <ul>
+           <li><a href="NameFileComparator.html#NAME_COMPARATOR">NAME_COMPARATOR</a>
+               - Compare using <code>File.getName()</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="NameFileComparator.html#NAME_REVERSE">NAME_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse compare of <code>File.getName()</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="NameFileComparator.html#NAME_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR">NAME_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR</a>
+               - Case-insensitive compare using <code>File.getName()</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="NameFileComparator.html#NAME_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE">NAME_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse case-insensitive compare of <code>File.getName()</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="NameFileComparator.html#NAME_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR">NAME_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR</a>
+               -  System sensitive compare using <code>File.getName()</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="NameFileComparator.html#NAME_SYSTEM_REVERSE">NAME_SYSTEM_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse system sensitive compare of <code>File.getName()</code> method.
+           </li>
+        </ul>
+    </li>
+     <li><a href="PathFileComparator.html">PathFileComparator</a> - compare file paths:
+        <ul>
+           <li><a href="PathFileComparator.html#PATH_COMPARATOR">PATH_COMPARATOR</a>
+               - Compare using <code>File.getPath()</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="PathFileComparator.html#PATH_REVERSE">PATH_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse compare of <code>File.getPath()</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="PathFileComparator.html#PATH_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR">PATH_INSENSITIVE_COMPARATOR</a>
+               - Case-insensitive compare using <code>File.getPath()</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="PathFileComparator.html#PATH_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE">PATH_INSENSITIVE_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse case-insensitive compare of <code>File.getPath()</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="PathFileComparator.html#PATH_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR">PATH_SYSTEM_COMPARATOR</a>
+               -  System sensitive compare using <code>File.getPath()</code> method.
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="PathFileComparator.html#PATH_SYSTEM_REVERSE">PATH_SYSTEM_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse system sensitive compare of <code>File.getPath()</code> method.
+           </li>
+        </ul>
+    </li>
+    <li><a href="SizeFileComparator.html">SizeFileComparator</a> - compare the file's size:
+        <ul>
+           <li><a href="SizeFileComparator.html#SIZE_COMPARATOR">SIZE_COMPARATOR</a>
+               - Compare using <code>File.length()</code> method (directories treated as zero length).
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="SizeFileComparator.html#SIZE_REVERSE">LASTMODIFIED_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse compare of <code>File.length()</code> method (directories treated as zero length).
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="SizeFileComparator.html#SIZE_SUMDIR_COMPARATOR">SIZE_SUMDIR_COMPARATOR</a>
+               - Compare using <code>FileUtils.sizeOfDirectory(File)</code> method
+                (sums the size of a directory's contents).
+           </li>
+           <li><a href="SizeFileComparator.html#SIZE_SUMDIR_REVERSE">SIZE_SUMDIR_REVERSE</a>
+               - Reverse compare of <code>FileUtils.sizeOfDirectory(File)</code> method
+                (sums the size of a directory's contents).
+           </li>
+        </ul>
+    </li>
+ </ul>
+</p>
+
+</body>
+</html>

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AbstractFileFilter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.filefilter;
+
+import java.io.File;
+
+/**
+ * An abstract class which implements the Java FileFilter and FilenameFilter 
+ * interfaces via the IOFileFilter interface.
+ * <p>
+ * Note that a subclass <b>must</b> override one of the accept methods,
+ * otherwise your class will infinitely loop.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0
+ * @version $Id: AbstractFileFilter.java 1415850 2012-11-30 20:51:39Z ggregory $
+ */
+public abstract class AbstractFileFilter implements IOFileFilter {
+
+    /**
+     * Checks to see if the File should be accepted by this filter.
+     * 
+     * @param file  the File to check
+     * @return true if this file matches the test
+     */
+    public boolean accept(final File file) {
+        return accept(file.getParentFile(), file.getName());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks to see if the File should be accepted by this filter.
+     * 
+     * @param dir  the directory File to check
+     * @param name  the filename within the directory to check
+     * @return true if this file matches the test
+     */
+    public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
+        return accept(new File(dir, name));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Provide a String representaion of this file filter.
+     *
+     * @return a String representaion
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return getClass().getSimpleName();
+    }
+
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AgeFileFilter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.filefilter;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Date;
+
+import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
+
+/**
+ * Filters files based on a cutoff time, can filter either newer
+ * files or files equal to or older.
+ * <p>
+ * For example, to print all files and directories in the
+ * current directory older than one day:
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ * File dir = new File(".");
+ * // We are interested in files older than one day
+ * long cutoff = System.currentTimeMillis() - (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
+ * String[] files = dir.list( new AgeFileFilter(cutoff) );
+ * for ( int i = 0; i &lt; files.length; i++ ) {
+ *     System.out.println(files[i]);
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * @version $Id: AgeFileFilter.java 1642757 2014-12-01 21:09:30Z sebb $
+ * @see FileFilterUtils#ageFileFilter(Date)
+ * @see FileFilterUtils#ageFileFilter(File)
+ * @see FileFilterUtils#ageFileFilter(long)
+ * @see FileFilterUtils#ageFileFilter(Date, boolean)
+ * @see FileFilterUtils#ageFileFilter(File, boolean)
+ * @see FileFilterUtils#ageFileFilter(long, boolean)
+ * @since 1.2
+ */
+public class AgeFileFilter extends AbstractFileFilter implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = -2132740084016138541L;
+
+    /** The cutoff time threshold. */
+    private final long cutoff;
+    /** Whether the files accepted will be older or newer. */
+    private final boolean acceptOlder;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new age file filter for files equal to or older than
+     * a certain cutoff
+     *
+     * @param cutoff  the threshold age of the files
+     */
+    public AgeFileFilter(final long cutoff) {
+        this(cutoff, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new age file filter for files on any one side
+     * of a certain cutoff.
+     *
+     * @param cutoff  the threshold age of the files
+     * @param acceptOlder  if true, older files (at or before the cutoff)
+     * are accepted, else newer ones (after the cutoff).
+     */
+    public AgeFileFilter(final long cutoff, final boolean acceptOlder) {
+        this.acceptOlder = acceptOlder;
+        this.cutoff = cutoff;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new age file filter for files older than (at or before)
+     * a certain cutoff date.
+     *
+     * @param cutoffDate  the threshold age of the files
+     */
+    public AgeFileFilter(final Date cutoffDate) {
+        this(cutoffDate, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new age file filter for files on any one side
+     * of a certain cutoff date.
+     *
+     * @param cutoffDate  the threshold age of the files
+     * @param acceptOlder  if true, older files (at or before the cutoff)
+     * are accepted, else newer ones (after the cutoff).
+     */
+    public AgeFileFilter(final Date cutoffDate, final boolean acceptOlder) {
+        this(cutoffDate.getTime(), acceptOlder);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new age file filter for files older than (at or before)
+     * a certain File (whose last modification time will be used as reference).
+     *
+     * @param cutoffReference  the file whose last modification
+     *        time is usesd as the threshold age of the files
+     */
+    public AgeFileFilter(final File cutoffReference) {
+        this(cutoffReference, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new age file filter for files on any one side
+     * of a certain File (whose last modification time will be used as
+     * reference).
+     *
+     * @param cutoffReference  the file whose last modification
+     *        time is usesd as the threshold age of the files
+     * @param acceptOlder  if true, older files (at or before the cutoff)
+     * are accepted, else newer ones (after the cutoff).
+     */
+    public AgeFileFilter(final File cutoffReference, final boolean acceptOlder) {
+        this(cutoffReference.lastModified(), acceptOlder);
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+     * Checks to see if the last modification of the file matches cutoff
+     * favorably.
+     * <p>
+     * If last modification time equals cutoff and newer files are required,
+     * file <b>IS NOT</b> selected.
+     * If last modification time equals cutoff and older files are required,
+     * file <b>IS</b> selected.
+     *
+     * @param file  the File to check
+     * @return true if the filename matches
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean accept(final File file) {
+        final boolean newer = FileUtils.isFileNewer(file, cutoff);
+        return acceptOlder ? !newer : newer;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Provide a String representaion of this file filter.
+     *
+     * @return a String representaion
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        final String condition = acceptOlder ? "<=" : ">";
+        return super.toString() + "(" + condition + cutoff + ")";
+    }
+}

尚硅谷Java入门教程，java电子书+Java面试真题（2023新版）/01_课件与电子教材/尚硅谷_第15章_File类与IO流/03-apache-common包/commons-io-2.5-src/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AndFileFilter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io.filefilter;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * A {@link java.io.FileFilter} providing conditional AND logic across a list of
+ * file filters. This filter returns {@code true} if all filters in the
+ * list return {@code true}. Otherwise, it returns {@code false}.
+ * Checking of the file filter list stops when the first filter returns
+ * {@code false}.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0
+ * @version $Id: AndFileFilter.java 1642757 2014-12-01 21:09:30Z sebb $
+ *
+ * @see FileFilterUtils#and(IOFileFilter...)
+ */
+public class AndFileFilter
+        extends AbstractFileFilter
+        implements ConditionalFileFilter, Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 7215974688563965257L;
+
+    /** The list of file filters. */
+    private final List<IOFileFilter> fileFilters;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new instance of <code>AndFileFilter</code>.
+     *
+     * @since 1.1
+     */
+    public AndFileFilter() {
+        this.fileFilters = new ArrayList<IOFileFilter>();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new instance of <code>AndFileFilter</code>
+     * with the specified list of filters.
+     *
+     * @param fileFilters  a List of IOFileFilter instances, copied, null ignored
+     * @since 1.1
+     */
+    public AndFileFilter(final List<IOFileFilter> fileFilters) {
+        if (fileFilters == null) {
+            this.fileFilters = new ArrayList<IOFileFilter>();
+        } else {
+            this.fileFilters = new ArrayList<IOFileFilter>(fileFilters);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new file filter that ANDs the result of two other filters.
+     *
+     * @param filter1  the first filter, must not be null
+     * @param filter2  the second filter, must not be null
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either filter is null
+     */
+    public AndFileFilter(final IOFileFilter filter1, final IOFileFilter filter2) {
+        if (filter1 == null || filter2 == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The filters must not be null");
+        }
+        this.fileFilters = new ArrayList<IOFileFilter>(2);
+        addFileFilter(filter1);
+        addFileFilter(filter2);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public void addFileFilter(final IOFileFilter ioFileFilter) {
+        this.fileFilters.add(ioFileFilter);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public List<IOFileFilter> getFileFilters() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableList(this.fileFilters);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public boolean removeFileFilter(final IOFileFilter ioFileFilter) {
+        return this.fileFilters.remove(ioFileFilter);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public void setFileFilters(final List<IOFileFilter> fileFilters) {
+        this.fileFilters.clear();
+        this.fileFilters.addAll(fileFilters);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean accept(final File file) {
+        if (this.fileFilters.isEmpty()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        for (final IOFileFilter fileFilter : fileFilters) {
+            if (!fileFilter.accept(file)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean accept(final File file, final String name) {
+        if (this.fileFilters.isEmpty()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        for (final IOFileFilter fileFilter : fileFilters) {
+            if (!fileFilter.accept(file, name)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Provide a String representaion of this file filter.
+     *
+     * @return a String representaion
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        final StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
+        buffer.append(super.toString());
+        buffer.append("(");
+        if (fileFilters != null) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < fileFilters.size(); i++) {
+                if (i > 0) {
+                    buffer.append(",");
+                }
+                final Object filter = fileFilters.get(i);
+                buffer.append(filter == null ? "null" : filter.toString());
+            }
+        }
+        buffer.append(")");
+        return buffer.toString();
+    }
+
+}